lo750 quality management configuration and organization

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  • LO750 Quality Management Configuration and Organization LO750

    Release 46C 13.01.2003

  • LO750 Quality Management Configuration and Organization.............................................................................. 0-1

    Copyright ........................................................................................................................................................... 0-2 Quality Management (QM)............................................................................................................................ 0-3 Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................................... 0-4 Target Group.................................................................................................................................................. 0-5

    Course Overview................................................................................................................................................ 1-1 Course Goals .................................................................................................................................................. 1-2 Course Objectives .......................................................................................................................................... 1-3 Course Content............................................................................................................................................... 1-4 Course Overview Diagram............................................................................................................................. 1-5 Main Business Scenario ................................................................................................................................. 1-6

    Basics ................................................................................................................................................................. 2-1 Basics: Unit Objectives .................................................................................................................................. 2-2 Basics: Course Overview Diagram ................................................................................................................ 2-3 Basics: Business Scenario .............................................................................................................................. 2-4 Customizing/IMG (Implementation Guide) ................................................................................................... 2-5 QM Customizing Structure ............................................................................................................................ 2-6 Technical Areas of QM Customizing (1) ....................................................................................................... 2-7 Technical Areas of QM Customizing (2) ....................................................................................................... 2-8 Technical Areas of QM Customizing (3) ....................................................................................................... 2-9 Basics: Unit Summary ................................................................................................................................. 2-10

    Customer Enhancements.................................................................................................................................... 3-1 Customer Enhancements: Unit Objectives..................................................................................................... 3-2 Customer Enhancements: Course Overview Diagram ................................................................................... 3-3 Customer Enhancements: Business Scenario................................................................................................. 3-4 Enhancing Functions...................................................................................................................................... 3-5 Program Enhancements.................................................................................................................................. 3-6 Customer Enhancement Project ..................................................................................................................... 3-7 SAP Enhancements and Customer Enhancement Projects............................................................................. 3-8 SAP Procedure ............................................................................................................................................... 3-9 Customer Procedure..................................................................................................................................... 3-10 Creating a Customer Enhancement Project.................................................................................................. 3-11 Assigning SAP Enhancements to Customer Project .................................................................................... 3-12 Processing Components ............................................................................................................................... 3-13 Activating Enhancement Project.................................................................................................................. 3-14 Creating a Field Exit .................................................................................................................................... 3-15 Customer Enhancements: Unit Summary .................................................................................................... 3-16 Data for Exercises ........................................................................................................................................ 3-17 Customer Enhancements Exercises.............................................................................................................. 3-18 Customer Enhancements Solutions.............................................................................................................. 3-19

    Status Management/User Status......................................................................................................................... 4-1 Status Management: Unit Objectives ............................................................................................................. 4-2 Status Management: Course Overview Diagram ........................................................................................... 4-3 Status Management: Business Scenario ......................................................................................................... 4-4 Using Status Management in QM .................................................................................................................. 4-5 Statuses .......................................................................................................................................................... 4-6 Status Management ........................................................................................................................................ 4-7 Defining Status Profiles ................................................................................................................................. 4-8 Creating Status Profiles.................................................................................................................................. 4-9

  • Assigning Status Profile to Object Types .................................................................................................... 4-10 Define User Statuses .................................................................................................................................... 4-11 Assigning User Status to Business Transactions.......................................................................................... 4-12 Selection Profile ........................................................................................................................................... 4-13 Status Management: Unit Summary ............................................................................................................ 4-14 Status Management Exercises...................................................................................................................... 4-15 Status Management Solutions ...................................................................................................................... 4-16

    Ease of Use ........................................................................................................................................................ 5-1 Ease of Use: Unit Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 5-2 Ease of Use: Course Overview Diagram........................................................................................................ 5-3 Ease of Use: Business Scenario ..................................................................................................................... 5-4 Configuration Using Table Control................................................................................................................ 5-5 Field Selection................................................................................................................................................ 5-6 Field Selection (Example: Usage Decision)................................................................................................... 5-7 Variable Lists (Basics) ................................................................................................................................... 5-8 Variable Lists (Field Selection) ..................................................................................................................... 5-9 Variable Lists (Object Selection) ................................................................................................................. 5-10 Results Recording Configuration ................................................................................................................. 5-11 Ease of Use: Unit Summary......................................................................................................................... 5-12 Ease of Use Exercises .................................................................................................................................. 5-13 Ease of Use Solutions .................................................................................................................................. 5-14

    SAPscript ........................................................................................................................................................... 6-1 SAPscript: Unit Objectives ............................................................................................................................ 6-2 SAPscript: Course Overview Diagram .......................................................................................................... 6-3 SAPscript: Business Scenario ........................................................................................................................ 6-4 SAPscript from User View............................................................................................................................. 6-5 Forms ............................................................................................................................................................. 6-6 The Print Program.......................................................................................................................................... 6-7 Processing Sequence: Form Processor ........................................................................................................... 6-8 Tasks of the Print Program and Form Processor in SAPscript....................................................................... 6-9 Form Print: Start and Finish......................................................................................................................... 6-10 When Do You Modify the Print Program? .................................................................................................. 6-11 Change Procedure (1)................................................................................................................................... 6-12 Change Procedure (2)................................................................................................................................... 6-13 Change Procedure (3)................................................................................................................................... 6-14 SAPscript: Unit Summary............................................................................................................................ 6-15 SAPscript Exercises ..................................................................................................................................... 6-16 SAPscript Solutions ..................................................................................................................................... 6-17

    Follow-Up Actions............................................................................................................................................. 7-1 Follow-Up Actions: Unit Objectives.............................................................................................................. 7-2 Follow-Up Actions: Course Overview Diagram............................................................................................ 7-3 Follow-Up Actions: Business Scenario.......................................................................................................... 7-4 Defining Follow-Up Actions.......................................................................................................................... 7-5 Follow-Up Actions: Customizing .................................................................................................................. 7-6 Follow-Up Actions: Editing Selected Sets..................................................................................................... 7-7 Follow-Up Actions: Setting the User Status .................................................................................................. 7-8 Follow-Up Actions and Business Transactions.............................................................................................. 7-9 Action Box ................................................................................................................................................... 7-10 Customizing for the Action Box (1)............................................................................................................. 7-11 Customizing for the Action Box (2)............................................................................................................. 7-12

  • Customizing for the Action Box (3)............................................................................................................. 7-13 Customizing for the Action Box (4)............................................................................................................. 7-14 Customizing for the Action Box (5)............................................................................................................. 7-15 Customizing for the Action Box (6)............................................................................................................. 7-16 Customizing for the Action Box (7)............................................................................................................. 7-17 Follow-Up Actions: Unit Summary ............................................................................................................. 7-18 Follow-Up Actions Exercises ...................................................................................................................... 7-19 Follow-Up Actions Solutions....................................................................................................................... 7-20

    Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 8-1 Interfaces: Unit Objectives............................................................................................................................. 8-2 Interfaces: Course Overview Diagram........................................................................................................... 8-3 Interfaces: Business Scenario......................................................................................................................... 8-4 QM-IDI: Data Transfer .................................................................................................................................. 8-5 QM-IDI: Data Transmission .......................................................................................................................... 8-6 QM-IDI: Settings in the SAP System ............................................................................................................ 8-7 QM-IDI: Assignment at Operation Level ...................................................................................................... 8-8 RFC Function Modules for Downloading...................................................................................................... 8-9 RFC Function Modules for Uploading......................................................................................................... 8-10 QM-STI: Statistical Interface ....................................................................................................................... 8-11 QM-STI: Calling the Interface ..................................................................................................................... 8-12 QM-STI: Data Structures ............................................................................................................................. 8-13 BAPI: Definition .......................................................................................................................................... 8-14 BAPI: Characteristics................................................................................................................................... 8-15 BAPIs in Quality Management .................................................................................................................... 8-16 Interfaces: Unit Summary ............................................................................................................................ 8-17 Interfaces Exercises...................................................................................................................................... 8-18 Interfaces Solutions...................................................................................................................................... 8-19

    Evaluations......................................................................................................................................................... 9-1 Evaluations: Unit Objectives.......................................................................................................................... 9-2 Evaluations: Course Overview Diagram........................................................................................................ 9-3 Evaluations: Business Scenario...................................................................................................................... 9-4 QMIS Standard Analyses............................................................................................................................... 9-5 Organization of Information Structures ......................................................................................................... 9-6 Summarization of Inspection Results............................................................................................................. 9-7 Info Structure for Inspection Results ............................................................................................................. 9-8 Update Rule (by Origin)................................................................................................................................. 9-9 Update Rule (by Notification Type)............................................................................................................. 9-10 Key Figures for the Characteristics .............................................................................................................. 9-11 Generating Lists Using the LDB.................................................................................................................. 9-12 Advantages of the Logical Database............................................................................................................ 9-13 Logical Database: Overview ........................................................................................................................ 9-14 ABAP Events and the Logical Database...................................................................................................... 9-15 What Is the ALV Classic?............................................................................................................................ 9-16 Reasons for Developing ALV...................................................................................................................... 9-17 ALV Standard .............................................................................................................................................. 9-18 Set of Generic Functions.............................................................................................................................. 9-19 Basic Principle ............................................................................................................................................. 9-20 Standard Call for ALV................................................................................................................................. 9-21 Field Catalogs .............................................................................................................................................. 9-22 QuickViewer: Overview .............................................................................................................................. 9-23

  • QuickViewer: Initial Screen......................................................................................................................... 9-24 Creating a QuickView.................................................................................................................................. 9-25 Join Definition: Graphic............................................................................................................................... 9-26 Basis Mode: Basic Structure ........................................................................................................................ 9-27 Creating a QuickView in Basis Mode.......................................................................................................... 9-28 Using QuickViews ....................................................................................................................................... 9-29 Overview: Program and Query .................................................................................................................... 9-30 Organization in the Query............................................................................................................................ 9-31 Creating a Query .......................................................................................................................................... 9-32 Comparison of SAP Query and QuickView................................................................................................. 9-33 Evaluations: Unit Summary ......................................................................................................................... 9-34 Evaluations Exercises .................................................................................................................................. 9-35 Evaluations Solutions................................................................................................................................... 9-36

    Archiving ......................................................................................................................................................... 10-1 Archiving: Unit Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 10-2 Archiving: Course Overview Diagram ........................................................................................................ 10-3 Archiving: Business Scenario ...................................................................................................................... 10-4 What Can Be Stored? ................................................................................................................................... 10-5 What Is Data Archiving?.............................................................................................................................. 10-6 Incorrect Definitions of Data Archiving ...................................................................................................... 10-7 Server for Archiving and Deletion Jobs....................................................................................................... 10-8 Archiving: Step 1 - Archive ......................................................................................................................... 10-9 Archiving: Step 2 - Delete.......................................................................................................................... 10-10 Archiving: Step 3 - Options for Storing Archived Information ................................................................. 10-11 Archiving Process ...................................................................................................................................... 10-12 Archiving Objects ...................................................................................................................................... 10-13 Archiving Objects in Transaction SARA................................................................................................... 10-14 Archiving Objects in QM........................................................................................................................... 10-15 Customizing ............................................................................................................................................... 10-16 Organizing the Archiving of QM Master Data (1).................................................................................... 10-17 Organizing the Archiving of QM Master Data (2).................................................................................... 10-18 Organizing the Archiving of QM Movement Data .................................................................................... 10-19 Archiving Session Checklist ...................................................................................................................... 10-20 Archiving: Unit Summary.......................................................................................................................... 10-21

  • SAP AG 1999

    LO750 Quality Management Configuration and Organization

    Configuration and OrganizationConfiguration and Organization

    R/3 Release 4.6 August 2000 Material number 50038677

  • SAP AG 2001

    Copyright 2001 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

    No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice.

    All rights reserved.

    Copyright

    Trademarks: Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software

    components of other software vendors. Microsoft, WINDOWS, NT, EXCEL, Word, PowerPoint and SQL Server are registered

    trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. IBM, DB2, OS/2, DB2/6000, Parallel Sysplex, MVS/ESA, RS/6000, AIX, S/390,

    AS/400, OS/390, and OS/400 are registered trademarks of IBM Corporation. ORACLE is a registered trademark of ORACLE Corporation. INFORMIX-OnLine for SAP and INFORMIX Dynamic ServerTM are registered trademarks of

    Informix Software Incorporated. UNIX, X/Open, OSF/1, and Motif are registered trademarks of the Open Group. HTML, DHTML, XML, XHTML are trademarks or registered trademarks of W3C, World Wide

    Web Consortium, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. JAVA is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. JAVASCRIPT is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc., used under license for

    technology invented and implemented by Netscape. SAP, SAP Logo, R/2, RIVA, R/3, ABAP, SAP ArchiveLink, SAP Business Workflow, WebFlow,

    SAP EarlyWatch, BAPI, SAPPHIRE, Management Cockpit, mySAP.com Logo and mySAP.com are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and in several other countries all over the world. All other products mentioned are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

  • SAP AG 1999

    Quality Management (QM)

    Quality Management

    LO170 3 days

    Quality Inspections

    LO705 3 days

    Level 2 Level 3

    Quality Notifications

    LO710 3 days

    QM Organization and Configuration

    LO750 3 days

    QM in the ProcessIndustry

    LO721 3 days

    QM in Sales and Distribution / QualityCertificates

    LO725 2 days

    QM inProcurement

    LO715 3 days

    QM in Discrete and RepetitiveManufacturing

    LO720 2 days

  • SAP AG 1999

    Recommended R/3 Development Environment IMG Basic Concepts

    Required BC400 - ABAP Workbench: Basics LO705 - Quality Inspections

    Prerequisites

  • SAP AG 1999

    Participants: Project team Employees responsible for the technical

    introduction of the QM component Duration: 3 days

    Target Group

    Notes to the user The training materials are not teach-yourself programs. They complement the course instructor's

    explanations. On the sheets, there is space for you to write down additional information.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 1-1

    SAP AG 1999

    Course Overview

    Course Goals

    Course Objectives

    Course Content

    Course Overview Diagram

    Main Business Scenario

    Contents:

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 1-2

    SAP AG 1999

    At the conclusion of this course, you will understand: The technical settings in Customizing for the

    Quality Management (QM) application component Functions that enable additional customer-

    specific enhancements without modification The archiving of QM data

    Course Goals

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 1-3

    SAP AG 1999

    At the conclusion of this course, you will be able to define: Technical Customizing settings

    The SAP enhancement concept

    SAPscript forms in QM

    Interfaces (QM-IDI, QM-STI, BAPIs)

    The logical database in QM

    Archiving options

    Course Objectives

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 1-4

    SAP AG 1999

    Unit 6 SAPscript

    Unit 7 Follow-Up Actions

    Unit 8 Interfaces

    Unit 9 Evaluations

    Unit 10 Archiving

    Unit 1 Course Overview

    Unit 2 Basics

    Unit 3 Customer Enhancements

    Unit 4 Status Management/User Status

    Unit 5 Ease of Use

    Preface

    Course Content

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 1-5

    SAP AG 1999

    Course Overview Diagram

    Evaluations 94

    Ease of Use 5

    SAPscript 6

    Follow-Up Actions 7

    Interfaces 88

    Status Management/User Status

    3Customer Enhancements

    Archiving 10

    Course Overview 1

    2Basics

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 1-6

    SAP AG 1999

    Our company wants to introduce the Quality Management component. As a result, the company's requirements must be defined in Customizing for the component.

    Main Business Scenario

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 2-1

    SAP AG 1999

    Basics

    Contents:

    Customizing Projects

    QM Customizing Structure

    Technical Areas of QM Customizing

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 2-2

    SAP AG 1999

    Show how Customizing functions are linked to the IMG

    Give an overview of the technical settings in the QM application component

    Basics: Unit Objectives

    At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 2-3

    SAP AG 1999

    Basics: Course Overview Diagram

    Evaluations 94

    Ease of Use 5

    SAPscript 6

    Follow-Up Actions 7

    Interfaces 88

    Status Management/User Status

    3Customer Enhancements

    Archiving 10

    Basics 2

    1Course Overview

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 2-4

    SAP AG 1999

    Our company wants to gain an impression of theconfiguration options in QM through an overview of the Implementation Guide and Customizing.

    Basics: Business Scenario

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 2-5

    SAP AG 1999

    Customizing/IMG (Implementation Guide)

    SAP Reference IMG

    Activity

    Documentation for IMG activity

    Project IMG

    Activity

    Documentation for IMG activity

    Project documentation

    Project Management Edit Project Project Analysis

    The SAP Reference IMG contains all Customizing activities. The Project IMG contains the selected Customizing activities. The Project IMG can be created in the following ways:

    - By selecting application components and countries - By directly selecting single structure nodes in the SAP Reference IMG (for small projects with fewer activities)

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 2-6

    SAP AG 1999

    IMGIMG

    Quality Management

    Quality Planning

    Quality Inspection

    Quality Certificates

    Quality Notifications

    Quality Control

    Environment

    QM Customizing Structure

    Test Equipment Management

    QM in Logistics

    Basic Settings

    Menu path for Customizing: SAP Easy Access > Tools > AcceleratedSAP > Customizing > Edit Project

    The Implementation Guide for the QM component is divided into functions. The steps can be processed in the given order.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 2-7

    SAP AG 1999

    Function Module Assignment Quality Planning

    Rules for sample determination

    Valuation rules

    SPC criteria

    Inspection points

    Quality Inspection

    Follow-up actions for the usage decision

    Quality score procedures

    Sample types (FM for label printing)

    Quality Certificates

    Data origin

    Quality Notifications

    Follow-up functions

    Follow-up actions for tasks

    Course component

    Technical Areas of QM Customizing (1)

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 2-8

    SAP AG 1999

    Scheduling a program as a job Inspection for deadline monitoring

    Automatic usage decision

    Search helps Inspection characteristic

    Inspection method

    Inspection plan

    Quality info record

    Inspection lot

    Certificate profiles

    Quality notifications

    Technical Areas of QM Customizing (2)

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 2-9

    SAP AG 1999

    Function enhancements Subscreens

    Function keys

    Function modules

    Field selection

    Status management

    List variants

    Condition technique

    Partner concept

    Interfaces

    Distribution of ALE master data

    Workflow

    Archiving

    Course component

    Technical Areas of QM Customizing (3)

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 2-10

    SAP AG 1999

    Basics: Unit Summary

    Show that the IMG contains documentation for each activity. You can execute the activities directly.

    Explain that functions are available for project management and project documentation.

    Process each Customizing activity using the IMG.

    Explain how QM Customizing is structured into BasicSettings, QM in Logistics, Quality Planning, Quality Inspection, Quality Certificates, Quality Notifications,Quality Control, Test Equipment Management, and Environment

    Describe how the QM application component offers awide range of options for setting up your system to suit your needs.

    You are now able to:

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-1

    SAP AG 1999

    Customer Enhancements

    Contents:

    Enhancing Functions

    SAP Enhancements and Customer Enhancement Projects

    Procedure for SAP and Customers

    Processing Components

    Activating Enhancement Project

    Creating Field Exits

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-2

    SAP AG 1999

    Understand the enhancement concept at SAP

    Create an enhancement project

    Customer Enhancements: Unit Objectives

    At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-3

    SAP AG 1999

    Customer Enhancements: Course Overview Diagram

    Evaluations 94

    Ease of Use 5

    SAPscript 6

    Follow-Up Actions 7

    Interfaces 88

    Status Management/User Status

    2Basics

    Archiving 10

    Customer Enhancements 3

    1Course Overview

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-4

    SAP AG 1999

    Our company wants to create functional enhancements that are not in the standard system.

    Customer Enhancements: Business Scenario

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-5

    SAP AG 1999

    Is a similar function available in the SAP Standard?

    Can the SAP function be adapted to suit the customer

    using Customizing?

    Does the SAP application allow you to add extra functions using

    enhancements?

    No

    Yes

    Yes

    No

    Yes

    No

    Customer developmentCustomer development

    CustomizingCustomizing

    EnhancementEnhancement

    Request enhancementAvoid modification

    Request enhancementAvoid modification

    Enhancing Functions

    Before carrying out a modification, check whether your request can be fulfilled using Customizing or the enhancement concept.

    You can request enhancements in the SAPNet R/3 Frontend.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-6

    SAP AG 1999

    Function module

    Field 1

    Menu 2Function 1Function 2Cust. functionFunction 3

    Menu 1 Menu 3

    Field x

    Field y

    Program Enhancements

    Screen exit

    Program exit

    Menu exit

    Field exit

    You can carry out program enhancements at the following levels: - In the ABAP module pool (program exit) - On the Graphical User Interface (GUI) (menu exit) - In the screen flow logic

    - By displaying a subscreen in an area reserved by SAP (screen exit) - By running a customer-defined code, related to a data element for a field (field exit)

    The following functions are available in the SAP System: - ABAP statement CALL CUSTOMER-FUNCTION - Special function codes - CALL CUSTOMER-SUBSCREEN statement in the screen flow logic

    SAP application programmers must reserve areas for program exits, menu exits, and screen exits. Field exits, on the other hand, do not need to be planned.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-7

    SAP AG 1999

    SAP Customer

    SMOD

    Definition Definition of of SAPSAPenhancementsenhancements

    DefinitionDefinitionofof

    enhancementenhancementprojectsprojects

    CMOD

    Customer Enhancement Project

    SAP application programmers create SAP enhancements using program exits, menu exits, and screen exits. An administration function is available to the SAP programmer for this purpose (transaction code SMOD).

    Customers can display a catalog of existing SAP enhancements and can combine the required enhancements to create an enhancement project. The customer uses an administration function for this purpose (transaction code CMOD).

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-8

    SAP AG 1999

    SAP Customer

    C

    C

    CC

    C

    E

    C

    CC

    C

    E

    E

    E

    P

    E

    E

    P

    C EComponent SAP enhancement P Customer enhancement projects

    C E

    C

    SAP Enhancements and Customer Enhancement Projects

    The components of an SAP enhancement consist of program exits, menu exits, and screen exits. Each component occurs only once in all SAP enhancements (uniqueness of an SAP enhancement).

    Customer enhancement projects are made up of SAP enhancements. A particular SAP enhancement can only be used once in all existing customer enhancement projects (uniqueness of a customer project).

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-9

    SAP AG 1999

    Define customer exits in application functions

    Define customer exits in application functions

    Combine components for SAP enhancements

    Combine components for SAP enhancements

    Document enhancements

    Document enhancements

    Program exits

    Menu exits

    Screen exits

    SAP documentation:

    C

    C

    C

    E

    SAP Procedure

    SAP application programmers plan possible application enhancements in their applications and define the required components. They then combine these components to create SAP enhancements.

    Once they have created an SAP enhancement, they document it in such a way that the customer can later implement the enhancement without extensive analysis of the program and screen sources.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-10

    SAP AG 1999

    Create enhancement project using SAP

    enhancements

    Create enhancement project using SAP

    enhancements

    Process componentsfor enhancement

    project

    Process componentsfor enhancement

    project

    Document enhancement project

    Document enhancement project

    Function modules

    Menu entries

    Subscreens

    Customer documentation:

    EE

    E

    P

    Activate enhancement project

    Activate enhancement project ActivateActivate

    Customer Procedure

    Customers use the Project Management function to choose the SAP enhancements that they want to implement. They then process the individual components (also using the Project Management function) and document the entire enhancement project. Finally they activate the enhancement project (which in turn activates all components).

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-11

    SAP AG 1999

    CreateCreate

    SaveSave

    Creating a Customer Enhancement Project

    Project Management

    Attribute

    Project

    Short txt

    First, customers start the Project Management function and give the enhancement project a name. We recommend you agree on a naming convention. For example, this could be that you include the name of the transaction or module pool. The project name uniquely identifies the enhancement project.

    Customers then branch to the project attributes and enter a short text for the enhancement project. The other attributes (name and time stamp for creating and changing, status) are assigned by the system.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-12

    SAP AG 1999

    SaveSave

    Assigning SAP Enhancements to Customer Project

    Project Management

    Project

    SAP enhancements

    Change SAP Change SAP enhancementsenhancements

    Customers edit the menu exits using Project Management. While processing components, customers can open a dialog screen, on which they can enter a

    language-dependent, customer-defined description for the additional menu entry. Customers cannot change the GUI (Graphical User Interface).

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-13

    SAP AG 1999

    Change components

    Change components

    Process components

    Process components

    Processing Components

    Project Management

    Project

    SAP enhancements

    Editor for function module

    Dialog boxDialog boxDialog boxLang.

    TextScreen PainterScreen PainterScreen Painter

    Customers process the components in the enhancement project using the Project Management function.

    Customers branch to the function module editor, a dialog box for text for the menu entry, or the Screen Painter, depending on whether the component is a function module, menu entry, or subscreen.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-14

    SAP AG 1999

    Activate projectActivate project

    Activating Enhancement Project

    Project Management

    Project

    Activating the enhancement project means that all of the components are activated. Once the project has been successfully activated it has the status active.

    When the project is activated, all programs, screens, and menu interfaces containing components that belong to the project are regenerated. (Programs are not regenerated until they are started.) Once they have been activated, the enhancements can been seen in the application functions.

    You can undo the activation of an enhancement project using the deactivation function. Once deactivated, the project has the status inactive.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-15

    SAP AG 1999

    Global enhancements11

    Create a field exit22

    Create function module44

    Field exit for data element ..?33

    Activate function module66

    Assign program/screen(for local field exit only)7

    7

    Activate field exit88

    Process function module55

    Display FM: InterfaceDisplay FM: InterfaceDisplay FM: InterfaceImport parameter

    Export parameter

    INPUT

    OUTPUT

    ABAP Function Library: Initial screenABAP Function Library: Initial screenABAP Function Library: Initial screen

    Function moduleFIELD_EXIT_

    Creating a Field Exit

    The function module interface has import parameter INPUT and export parameter OUTPUT. To transport the field content back to the SAP screen, you have to assign a value to the OUTPUT field in the source text of the function module.

    Field exits are only considered when a screen is generated, if the profile parameter "abap/fieldexit = YES" is set on all application servers.

    The following ABAP statements are not allowed in the function modules of field exits: - BREAK-POINT - CALL SCREEN, CALL DIALOG, CALL TRANSACTION, SUBMIT - COMMIT WORK, ROLLBACK WORK - COMMUNICATION RECEIVE - EXIT FROM STEP-LOOP - MESSAGE I, MESSAGE W - External PERFORM

    Field exits cannot be processed with the debugger.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-16

    SAP AG 1999

    SAP application programmers plan program exits, menu exits, and screen exits for theapplication and combine them to form SAPenhancements.

    Customers create an enhancement project using the SAP enhancements.

    Customer Enhancements: Unit Summary

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-17

    Data for Exercises Explanation of symbols in the exercises and solutions

    Exercises

    Solutions

    Course Objectives

    Business Scenario

    Tips & Tricks

    Warning or Caution

    Data in the exercises Data type Data in the training system Status profile ZGR##

    Selection profile ZGR1##, ZGR2##

    Inspection type Z01GR##

    Variant (list/selection screen) ZGR##

    Display variant (list/selection screen)

    ZGR##

    Form for inspection report ZGR##

    Print program ZQDRGR##

    Function group: ZQ##

    Function module: Z_ZQ##_REPORT

    Follow-up action: ZGR##

    Selected set: ZGR##

    Evaluation program ZQSTAT##

    Program (ALV) ZQALV##

    Evaluation (QuickView) QV##

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-18

    Customer Enhancements Exercises

    Unit: Customer Enhancements Topic: Customer Enhancements

    At the conclusion of these exercises, you will be able to:

    Create an enhancement project

    Users want to enhance a quality notification with another function code. The enhancement should make it possible to switch to the stock overview.

    1-1 Find the enhancement that you can use to activate an additional function code within a quality notification.

    1-1-1 What is this enhancement called? _________________________________

    1-1-2 Check whether the enhancement is already being used in a project. ______________________________________________________

    1-2 Edit the enhancement project in such a way that it enables you to switch from the quality notification to the stock overview.

    1-3 Check whether your enhancement works.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 3-19

    Customer Enhancements Solutions

    Unit: Customer Enhancements Topic: Customer Enhancements

    1-1 Enhancement

    1-1-1 QQMA0003.

    1-1-2 No, because an enhancement can only be used in one project.

    1-2 Text for the function code: Stock overview

    Coding in the include for the function module:

    SET PARAMETER ID MAT FIELD I_VIQMEL-MATNR.

    CALL TRANSACTION MMBE AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN.

    1-3 Activate the project, then test the quality notification to see whether the customer exit has been correctly run.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-1

    SAP AG 1999

    Status Management/User Status

    Contents:

    Using Status Management

    Defining and Creating a Status Profile

    Assigning Status Profile to Object Types

    Defining and Assigning User Status toBusiness Transactions

    Selection Profile

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    Use general status management

    Define your own user statuses in addition to the existing system statuses and assign them to objects

    Create and use selection profiles

    Status Management: Unit Objectives

    At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-3

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    Status Management: Course Overview Diagram

    Evaluations 9

    2

    Ease of Use 5

    SAPscript 6

    Follow-Up Actions 7

    Interfaces 88

    Basics

    3Customer Enhancements

    Archiving 10

    Status Management/User Status 4

    1Course Overview

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-4

    SAP AG 1999

    Our company wants to create business transactions using system and user statuses.

    Status Management: Business Scenario

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-5

    SAP AG 1999

    Quality notification

    Quality certificate

    Inspection lot

    Status profile Quality info record

    Using Status Management in QM

    Status profile

    Status profile

    Status profile

    General status management is used in the following QM objects: Quality information record (supply relationship) Inspection lot Quality certificate Quality notification

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-6

    SAP AG 1999

    Performing a transactionfor example,- Releasing- Closing

    Number ofactive statuses

    Number ofexecutable transactions

    changes defines

    Statuses

    The current processing status of an object is documented using one or more statuses. A status is an indicator with the following functions: It indicates that a certain condition has been reached (for example, "Usage decision made"). It influences the number of business transactions that can be performed.

    If a business transaction is carried out, it can, in turn, set or delete one or more statuses for the affected object.

    You can set any number of statuses for an object.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-7

    SAP AG 1999

    INSP:INSP:

    REL:REL:

    Inspection active

    Released

    RREC:RREC:

    CALC:CALC:

    CCTD:CCTD:

    PASG:PASG:

    PRII:PRII:

    Results confirmed

    Sample calculated

    Insp. characteristics created

    Plan/specification assigned

    Inspection instruction printed

    System status

    XXXX:XXXX: Freely defined

    User status

    Status Management

    A system status is set by the system and informs the user that a certain function has been completed for an object. You cannot influence this status unless you carry out a transaction that leads to a change in the system status.

    A user status is defined by the user and can be set for a status object (such as an inspection lot) in addition to the system status. You can use only one user status from the status profile (defined in Customizing) assigned to each status object. You can extend control of the business transactions by the system status using the user status. The user status can be set or deleted manually or through business transactions.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-8

    SAP AG 1999

    Create status profileCreateCreate sstatus profiletatus profile

    Assign status profile to object types

    AssignAssign statusstatus profileprofile to to object typesobject types

    Define user statusDefine user statusDefine user status

    Assign user statusto businesstransactions

    Assign user statusAssign user statustoto businessbusinesstransactionstransactions

    Defining Status Profiles

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-9

    SAP AG 1999

    Creating Status Profiles

    New Entry

    Status profile

    Maintenance language

    Text

    LO750_00

    Rel. visual inspection

    EN

    Create status profile

    Create Create sstatus profiletatus profile

    To create a status profile, proceed as follows: 1. Choose Edit -> New entry. 2. Enter any status profile name. 3. Enter a descriptive text. 4. Specify a maintenance language for the status profile. You can only make changes and additions to the status profile in the maintenance language. These must then be translated into the required foreign languages. This ensures that entries are complete and unique. 5. Press Enter to add the new status profile to the list. 6. Choose Save.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-10

    SAP AG 1999

    Permitted object typesPermitted object types

    TaskTask

    InspInsp.. lot withlot with planplan and charsand chars

    InspInsp.. lot withlot with plan w/oplan w/o charschars

    InspInsp.. lotlot w/o planw/o plan or charsor chars

    Quality info recordQuality info record

    Quality notificationQuality notification

    Quality certificate profileQuality certificate profile

    Partial lotPartial lot

    Assigning Status Profile to Object Types

    Assign status profile to object types

    Assign status profileAssign status profile to to object typesobject types

    To be able to use a status profile for objects of a certain object type, you have to assign the status to the affected object type:

    1. On the screen Change Status Profile: Overview, place the cursor on the status profile that you want to assign to an object type. 2. Choose Goto -> Object types. 3. Select object types for which the status profile can be used. 4. Choose Save.

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    SAP AG 1999

    User statusUser statusStatus

    number Status Short textLong text

    Init.status

    Lowest status no.

    Highest status no.

    Auth. codePriorityPosition

    1 LKD No visual inspection 1 3 1 1

    2 CNF Confirmed 1 3 1 1

    3 REL Release 1 3 1 1

    Define User Statuses

    Define user statusDefine user statusDefine user status

    You must enter a four-character (maximum length) language-dependent ID to identify each user status.

    For each user status, you can enter the following: a) Enter a status number in the Status number field. The status number determines the order in which the status of a status profile can be set. b) Enter a highest and lowest status number in the relevant columns. c) Enter a short text. The short text contains a short description of the status. d) Enter a long text for the user status. To do this, choose Goto -> Long text. e) Mark one user status as the initial status, if required. It is then set automatically when an object is created. For each status profile, you may define only one status with a status number as the initial status, but any number of statuses without a status number. f) In the Position column, define the item, for which the status is displayed in the toolbar of the inspection lot. g) In the Priority column, define the priority of the user status if the same position is specified for more than one active status. h) Save your entries.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-12

    SAP AG 1999

    Transaction controlTransaction controlBusiness transaction No influence Allowed Warning Disalld No action Set Delete

    Status profileStatus profile LO705-00

    StatusStatus LKD

    Make usage decision

    Assigning User Status to Business Transactions

    Assign user statusto businesstransactions

    Assign user statusto businesstransactions

    To assign business transactions to your user status, proceed as follows: 1. Position the cursor on the user status. 2. Choose Goto -> Business transaction control. 3. Choose Edit -> New entries to display a list of the available business transactions. 4. Assign the appropriate transactions to your user status. 5. By setting the indicators, you can activate the following fields for each transaction: No influence, Allowed, Warning, Disalld. The following prerequisites must be fulfilled before a business transaction can be carried out: - The transaction must be permitted by at least one active status. - The transaction must not be disallowed by any active status. 6. Using "Follow-up actions" you can determine how a specific transaction affects the respective status when it is performed. 7. Save your entries.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-13

    SAP AG 1999

    and / or

    Inclusive Exclusive Active Inactive Never active

    Inclusive Exclusive Active Inactive Never active

    System status 1 System status 1

    and / or

    and / or and / or

    Inclusive Exclusive Active Inactive Never active

    Inclusive Exclusive Active Inactive Never active

    System status 2 System status 2

    Without status profile

    Inclusive Exclusive Active Inactive Never active

    Inclusive Exclusive Active Inactive Never active

    System status 1 oruser status 1

    System status 1 oruser status 1

    With status profile

    Inclusive Exclusive Active Inactive Never active

    Inclusive Exclusive Active Inactive Never active

    System status 2 oruser status 2

    System status 2 oruser status 2

    Selection Profile

    You can use selection profiles to define the status combinations for selecting objects (such as inspection lots). A selection profile is especially helpful if you want to repeatedly select a large number of objects according to the same selection criteria.

    You can specify a system status as well as a user status in the selection profile. If you also want to select objects according to user status, you must specify the corresponding status profile.

    The selection criteria are evaluated top-down. The following rules apply: Several consecutive lines linked by OR are combined to form a block and are evaluated together. This block must fulfill at least one of the selection criteria. AND links these blocks or individual criteria. All blocks or individual criteria linked by AND must be fulfilled. An order is eliminated from the evaluation if even one block or individual criterion is not fulfilled. OR link is stronger than AND link

    For greater efficiency, criteria that greatly limit the selection should be put at the beginning of the selection profile.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-14

    SAP AG 1999

    Status management is used in the following QM objects: Quality info record, inspection lot, quality certificate, quality notification.

    The SAP System differentiates between system status and user status. The system status is defined by SAP, and the user status is freely defined.

    You can define your own status profiles. Each status profile must be assigned to at least one object. Each status profile contains one or more allowed statuses. You can define the system response for each status within the framework of the SAP-defined business transactions.

    You can define a status profile and user status in several languages.

    You can use selection profiles to define status combinations for selecting objects.

    Status Management: Unit Summary

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-15

    Status Management Exercises

    Unit: Status Management Topic: Status Management/User Status

    At the conclusion of these exercises, you will be able to:

    Create a status profile for an inspection type

    When inspecting a goods receipt, a visual inspection is always carried out first. Only when the visual inspection has been successfully completed can other inspections take place.

    1-1 Create a status profile that enables you to carry out the scenario given above.

    Status profile: ZGR##

    1-2 Create two selection profiles: - Released lots - Lots not yet released

    Selection profile: ZGR1## ZGR2##

    1-3 Create your own inspection type for origin 01 and assign your status profile to this inspection type.

    Inspection type: Z01GR##

    1-4 Check your status profile.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 4-16

    Status Management Solutions

    Unit: Status Management Topic: Status Management/User Status

    1-1 Status management in Customizing under quality inspection.

    Create a status profile for the inspection lot: Release after visual inspection (transaction BS02).

    1-2 Assign object types (pushbutton Object types). Allow the object types "Insp. lot with plan w/o char.", "Insp. lot with plan and char.", and "Insp. lot w/o plan or char.".

    Define the user statuses (LKD, CNF, and REL).

    Make a setting so that the usage decision cannot be made with the LKD status.

    1-3 In Customizing, choose Quality Inspection Inspection Lot Creation Maintain Inspection Types. Assign the status profile on the detail screen for the inspection type.

    1-4 Create an inspection lot whose initial status is "LKD". Perform a visual inspection and note that a new user status is assigned to the inspection lot etc.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-1

    SAP AG 1999

    Ease of Use

    Contents:

    Configuration Using Table Controls

    Field Selection

    Variable Lists

    Results Recording Configuration

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-2

    SAP AG 1999

    Customize the SAP interface to suit a user's requirements using field selection, list variants, and table control

    Configure results recording

    Ease of Use: Unit Objectives

    At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-3

    SAP AG 1999

    Ease of Use: Course Overview Diagram

    Evaluations 94

    Basics 2

    SAPscript 6

    Follow-Up Actions 7

    Interfaces 88

    Status Management/User Status

    3Customer Enhancements

    Archiving 10Ease of Use 5

    1Course Overview

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-4

    SAP AG 1999

    Our company wants to individually configure itsSAP interfaces.

    Ease of Use: Business Scenario

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-5

    SAP AG 1999

    Change column order

    Change column width

    Create variant Current setting Standard setting

    Delete variant

    10203040

    Item Req. qty. Material Short text I A

    10203040

    Item Req. qty. Material Short text I A

    Configuration Using Table Control

    Table control can be set as user-dependent. The width and position of a column can be configured (using Drag&Drop). The current display can be saved as a variant.

    In addition, there are system variants that apply to all users client-wide. They are edited using the function "Administrator". This function is linked to the authorization object S_ADMI_FCD.

    The user-dependent variant takes precedence over the system variant.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-6

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    1. Upper limit1. Lower limitSelected setBasic sample quantityInfo field 1

    GeneralGeneral

    Dependent on values of Dependent on values of influencing fieldsinfluencing fields

    Modifiable field Input Req. Disp. Hide

    Module pool

    Screen group

    Influencing field

    Influencing value

    Field Selection

    Determine the name of the program, to which the screen belongs. To do this, call up the screen in question and choose System -> Status.

    To find out which customer-defined field control is planned for which screen groups in a module pool, enter the name of the module pool in the maintenance function (transaction SFAC) and choose Display. The system displays a list of all the screen groups. You can display a list of modifiable fields for each screen group in the list.

    For the modifiable fields, you use indicators to define how each field is displayed on the screen.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-7

    SAP AG 1999

    Module pool SAPMQEVA

    Screen group Insp. lot: UD

    Batch status mgmt

    Dependent on values of Dependent on values of influencing fieldsinfluencing fields

    Modifiable field Input Req. Disp. Hide

    Influencing field

    Influencing value

    Field Selection (Example: Usage Decision)

    Batch requirement

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-8

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    Variable Lists (Basics)

    Definition of list variants

    1. Field selection Display variant

    2. Object selection Selection screen

    Definition levels

    Customizing: Transaction variant (generally valid)

    Application transaction: User-specific variantGeneral variant

    You define list variants in two steps: 1. Field selection: In this step, you define the fields and the sequence for the list display. You choose from a selection of fields proposed by the system. You can number the selected fields, or identify them as hidden. This field selection has an automatic transport link. Users can also create their own selection list from within the application transaction. This user-specific field selection does not belong to Customizing and does not have a transport link. If users do not define their own field selection, the fields that are selected in this step are displayed. 2. Object selection: You define the selection criteria used to select the objects for the list. For each function (transaction) that is directly executable from this list, you can define exactly one general variant with the accompanying selection criteria. The system saves this general variant as SAP_TCODE_xxxx. (xxxx is the transaction code that generates the respective list.) These general variants have an automatic transport link. In addition to the general variant, you can also define a user-specific variant for each executable function. The system saves this variant as U_. You can also define any number of other variants for each executable function and save them under any name (from within the application).

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-9

    SAP AG 1999

    Column content

    Inspection lot

    Item

    Material

    Plant

    Insp. lot quantity

    ...

    Length

    Line : 1

    Column content

    Material document

    Posting date

    Dyn. modification

    Insp. stage

    ...

    Length

    Hidden fields

    1

    2

    3

    4

    12

    18

    4

    6

    10

    10

    4

    5

    Variable Lists (Field Selection)

    You can change the list display using display variants. The following functions are available: You can limit the list of hidden fields according to the criteria, as required (field group). You can hide or show all fields or individual fields. Using Sort in ascending order or Sort in descending order, you can sort the hidden fields

    according to column content. The order of the columns in the list is defined by the item number in the Item field. In the Length column, you can change the required length of a field if this should differ from the

    standard setting. If it is possible to calculate totals and subtotals in a column, in the display fields beneath Total you

    can define whether totals and subtotals are to be shown in the display variant above this Total column.

    You can use a clipboard to cut a field from the display fields or the hidden fields and paste it in the required place in the display fields.

    The columns can be grouped together in up to three rows.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-10

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    Selection profile

    Lot created

    Plant

    Lot origin

    ...

    Field name Type P I N L P L O

    T: Table variable from TVARVD: Dynamic date calculationB: User-specific variable

    Selection criteria T D B Name of variablesQL_ENSIBCurrent date - xxx, current date + yyy

    SelectedNot selectedNot supported

    T: Table variable from TVARVD: Dynamic date calculationB: User-specific variable

    Variable Lists (Object Selection)

    PS

    SS

    Type The Type field shows whether the type is a parameter (P) or a select option (S).

    P (Protect field) selected: The corresponding selection criterion cannot be entered at the start of the program using this variant.

    I (Hide field) selected: The corresponding selection criterion is not displayed at the start of the program using this variant. However, the selection criterion can still be supplied with values in the variant.

    N (Hide field until) L (Selection variable) selected:

    The selection criterion is supplied with values from the variant variables at the start of the program. To select variant variables, choose SELECTION VARIABLES.

    P (Save field without values) selected: The value of the corresponding selection criterion is not changed in the program at the start using the variant or by getting a variant.

    L (Switch SPA/GPA off) O (Required field)

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-11

    SAP AG 1999

    No.

    10

    Status

    20

    30

    40

    ...

    1

    1

    1

    1

    ...

    Characteristic

    Diameter

    Streaks

    Color

    Inspection lotOperation

    :

    :

    4711

    10

    Status

    Characteristic closed

    Surface

    Close on CONTINUE

    Close on saving

    Skip CH view

    Results Recording Configuration

    Customizingrecording

    configuration

    Customizingrecording

    configuration

    5

    Userparameters

    Userparameters

    Results recording can be made easier by configuring the recording procedure. You can predefine the recording configuration in a table (Customizing). You can configure user-dependent specifications and store them in the user values (for example,

    close on saving results data).

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    In QM there are a number of ways to define(set) fields to suit the needs of every company and user:

    Table control

    Field control

    Variable lists

    By configuring results recording, you can simplify the recording procedure.

    Ease of Use: Unit Summary

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-13

    Ease of Use Exercises

    Unit: Ease of Use Topic: Ease of Use

    At the conclusion of these exercises, you will be able to:

    Adapt table controls, field selection, and list views

    Configure results recording

    A user should only have certain elements displayed on their screen.

    1-1 Select a screen with table control (for example, results recording or usage decision) and change the settings so that the screen corresponds to your company requirements.

    1-2 Find an example for field selection and test it out.

    1-3 Select a worklist (for example, results recording or inspection) and change the selection screen and list according to your requirements.

    Variant: ZGR##

    Display variant: ZGR##

    1-4 Try and optimize results recording using the results recording configuration. Do this according to your company requirements.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 5-14

    Ease of Use Solutions

    Unit: Ease of Use Topic: Ease of Use

    1-1 Table control

    Set the table control directly in the application transaction, for example, in transaction QA12 (Change usage decision with history).

    1-2 Field selection

    Example: The pushbutton Batch status should be hidden for materials that do not have to be managed in batches.

    Customizing: System Modification Adapt Field Selection (transaction SFAC) Module pool: SAPMQEVA Change Influencing fields Double-click on batch management (QALSXCHPF) Influencing value: Set Batch status to hidden. Save.

    1-3 List variants

    Define transaction variants in Customizing (Quality Inspection List Definition) Also define display variants here. Define user variants, general variants, and other display variants in the application transaction.

    1-4 Results recording configuration

    Define the results recording configuration in Customizing: Quality Inspection Results Recording Define Recording Configuration Define the configuration key in Customizing for plant settings. You can make user-specific settings directly in results recording by switching to the user parameters.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 6-1

    SAP AG 1999

    SAPscript

    Contents:

    Forms and Print Programs

    Processing Sequence: Form Processor

    Procedure for Changes

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    Explain the basics of SAPscript

    Describe the principle relationship between a print program and form

    Show how you can also read data in a form

    SAPscript: Unit Objectives

    At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 6-3

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    SAPscript: Course Overview Diagram

    Evaluations 94

    Ease of Use 5

    Basics 2 Follow-Up Actions 7

    Interfaces 88

    Status Management/User Status

    3Customer Enhancements

    Archiving 10

    SAPscript 61Course Overview

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 6-4

    SAP AG 1999

    Our company wants to create forms and print programs using the SAPscript editor.

    SAPscript: Business Scenario

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 6-5

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    Text editorLayout

    (forms, styles)

    Programming interface Form processor

    Database

    Maintenance transactions

    Application transactions

    ABAPWorkbench

    ABAPWorkbench

    User

    SAPscript from User View

    SAPscript consists of 5 basic components: - An editor for the entry and editing of text lines. This component is called up from the

    application transactions, if a user wants to maintain texts for an application object. - Styles and forms for structuring printouts. They are created independently of individual texts

    using the appropriate maintenance transactions, and then assigned to individual texts. - The form processor (composer) is the main component for output formatting. It is used to

    prepare a text with the appropriate formatting information for a particular output device. This information is taken from the style and form that have been defined.

    - A programming interface that allows the integration of SAPscript components in customer application programs and the program-controlled creation of output using forms.

    - Various database tables for storing texts, styles, and forms.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 6-6

    SAP AG 1999

    Form 2Form 2

    Form 1Form 1

    Form 3Form 3

    Dear...

    Invoice

    Document

    Forms

    A form defines the appearance and the layout of a document. A form is used for each SAPscript text printout. Forms can already contain standardized text modules with placeholders for variable data. The

    application can call up and print the modules as necessary. For layout changes, such as moving a printed area of text, changing the font, paragraph formatting,

    and tab settings, you simply change the form. The SAPscript transaction used to edit forms can be reached from the SAP initial screen by choosing

    Tools-> SAPscript -> Form. The best way to create your own forms is to copy an existing form and then make the necessary

    changes to your copy (Customizing of forms).

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 6-7

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    Print program

    Application transaction

    Form 2Form 2

    Form 1Form 1

    Form 3Form 3

    The Print Program

    SAP DBSAP DB

    The print program: - Controls the actual text output on the printer, screen, or fax machine - Selects data from the database or from user entries - Selects a form and controls the texts to be printed on this form, together with the order and

    frequency in which they are to be printed - Determines the print characteristics, such as the output device, immediate printout, and copies

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 6-8

    SAP AG 1999

    Invoice

    DocumentDocument

    Print program

    Application transaction

    Form:Form:

    Form processor

    Invoice

    Processing Sequence: Form Processor

    SAP DBSAP DB

    The interaction of the print program and form help you to create documents to suit your needs. The printing of the form is initiated by the print program. Each command sent by the function

    modules of the SAPscript programming interface is relayed to the form processor. The form processor retrieves layout information from the form selected by the print program. Texts

    identified by the print program to be issued are prepared by the form processor according to this layout.

    If the texts contain variables, the form processor replaces these either with values from the system (for example, the current date) or with application data selected by the program.

    The completion of the form is controlled by the print program. Once the form has been completed, the form processor transfers the finished document, for example, to the spool.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 6-9

    SAP AG 1999

    Form processor

    this request, and thatthis meetsyourrequirements

    yourrequest,andhope that this requestmeetsyour requirements

    Chicago StateBan kAcc. no: 0815 4711

    Sort code:000000000

    Mr D. Test7 Old Road47110 Irving Chicago, 3rd June

    Invoice no. 4123-45-556-678

    Type.No. Price 00345 200.-00379 150.-02378 50.-00458 300.-Total 700.-

    Print programreport jh_form_01.

    tables: scustom.select * from scustom...

    ......call function 'OPEN_FORM'

    ......call function WRITE_FORM'

    ......call function CLOSE_FORM'

    ......

    ABAP ABAP reportreportApplication data

    Form:

    DB

    Tasks of the Print Program and Form Processor in SAPscript

    The interaction of the print program and form template allows you to issue printed documents within the SAP System. The print program is either an ABAP report or a module pool.

    The print program: - Is responsible for retrieving SAP application data from the database. It also defines how the

    form is to be processed, that is the order and repetition of text elements (flow logic), selects a form template for the printout and determines the output medium (for example, printer, screen, fax, e-mail), together with special print characteristics (immediate print, copies, page selection, etc.)

    The SAPscript form processor is responsible for formatting the document for printing, for example: - Line/page breaks on the form, formatting of SAPscript control commands and symbol variables,

    integration of long texts, generation of the page description for the spool request (final format and OTF).

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 6-10

    SAP AG 1999

    CALL FUNCTIONCALL FUNCTION 'OPEN_FORM''OPEN_FORM'EXPORTINGEXPORTING

    FORM FORM = .= . . .. .LANGUAGE LANGUAGE = .= . . .. .DEVICE DEVICE = .= . . .. .OPTIONS OPTIONS = .= . . .. .DIALOG DIALOG = .= . . .. .

    IMPORTINGIMPORTINGLANGUAGE LANGUAGE = .= . . .. .

    EXCEPTIONS ...EXCEPTIONS ... = . . .= . . .

    CALL FUNCTIONCALL FUNCTION 'CLOSE_FORM''CLOSE_FORM'IMPORTINGIMPORTING

    RESULT RESULT = .= . . .. .EXCEPTIONS ...EXCEPTIONS ... = . . .= . . .

    Form Print: Start and Finish

    Function module OPEN_FORM initializes the form print. This function must be called before other form functions can be used.

    The FORM and LANGUAGE parameters specify the form and requested language. The DEVICE parameter controls the output medium (PRINTER, TELEFAX, SCREEN). The OPTIONS parameter (Structure ITCPO) allows you to specify attributes for the printer or fax

    control, for example, number of copies or immediate print. The DIALOG parameter allows you to suppress an entry screen for device parameters (for example,

    device names: DEVICE = PRINTER, DEVICE = TELEFAX). The form print must be ended with CLOSE_FORM so that the output can be carried out. Once the form print has been completed, the RESULT parameter (Structure ITCPP) contains status

    information and print or fax parameters.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 6-11

    SAP AG 1999

    Structural changesStructural changes

    NewNew text elementstext elementsare neededare needed

    Additional dataAdditional datais requiredis required

    UsingUsing thethe print print program program to to print print

    another another formform

    When Do You Modify the Print Program?

    Changes to SAP objects are called modifications. The modified object is not protected against change during an upgrade. Therefore, you use a copy of

    the print program supplied by SAP to make your modifications. However, you should consider whether modifications to the print program are absolutely necessary.

  • (C) SAP AG LO750 6-12

    SAP AG 1999

    Which new fields and tables are needed?Which new fields and tables are needed?

    Which program and form are used?Which program and form are used?

    Are the necessary fieldscontained in the existingtables, or are new fields and tables required?

    Are the necessary fieldscontained in the existingtables, or are new fields and tables required?

    Change Procedure (1)

    In addition to the standard data that is available, you occasionally need other data. Find out which additional fields are required. Are these fields available in existing tables, or are

    other tables required? Do the required table fields contain data? Look in Customizing for the application component and check which form and program are

    currently used for this.

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    Does the print program need to be modified, or only the form?

    Does the print program need to be modified, or only the form?

    Do SAP enhancementsalready exist in the form of customer exits?

    Do SAP enhancementsalready exist in the form of customer exits?

    Can the missing data be supplied from another program using PERFORM?

    Can the missing data be supplied from another program using PERFORM?

    Change Procedure (2)

    Determine whether you only need to modify the form, or whether the print program also has to be modified.

    Ensure that the PERFORM command in SAPscript can also be used to retrieve data. Insert the PERFORM command in the form and define the called subprogram as your own program

    in the customer name space. The subroutine then retrieves the required data. In some cases, SAP application developers have planned includes that you can use to integrate

    enhancements. These customer exits are not changed in the event of an upgrade. They do not have to be modified.

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    Copy the SAP standard form and, if necessary, the print program in the customer name space Z or Y

    Modify the copies

    Define new form and print program in Customizing

    Test your modifications

    Change Procedure (3)

    Make as few modifications as possible. Use the SAP standard as a template for enhancements. Use the SAP standard form to modify a form and copy it to the customer name space Z or Y. Modify

    the copied form. When making structural changes to the form, you must also adjust the print program accordingly. Copy the print program to the customer name space Z or Y. Modify the copied program. Define the new form and, if required, the print program in Customizing. Test your modifications.

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    When maintaining forms, a form, which contains theinformation needed to design the text (formats, fonts,layout, etc.), is assigned to a document. The print program retrieves the required data from the form andthe database, and controls the output. Certain function modules activate the SAPscript form processor, which is responsible for processing theform.

    The QM application component contains a variety of forms and print programs. You can modify these forms and programs to suit your needs.

    SAPscript: Unit Summary

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    SAPscript Exercises

    Unit: SAPscript Topic: Forms and Print Programs

    At the conclusion of these exercises, you will be able to:

    Create forms and the corresponding print programs

    You want to create company-specific reports, for example, inspection reports, and then print them.

    1-1 Create the form for an inspection report. Do this by copying the existing form and then changing the copy to meet your specifications.

    Form: ZGR##

    1-2 Create a print program specifically for your form.

    Program: ZQDRGR##

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    SAPscript Solutions

    Unit: SAPscript Topic: Forms and Print Programs

    1-1 Form

    Transaction SE71 (Tools SAPscript Form

    Utilities Copy from Client) Use form QM_INSP_RESULT as a copy model.

    Text elements in the form

    /E HEADER

    /* This text element contains the header information for an inspection lot

    U1 Inspection report

    S1 Inspection lot,,&QALS-PRUEFLOS&,,&QALS-KTEXTLOS&

    /S1 Material,,&QALS-MATNR&,,&QALS-KTEXTMAT&

    /*