local initiatives to promote apprenticeships in leeds and manchester, uk
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Local ini)a)ves to promote appren)ceships in Leeds and Manchester, UK
Francesca Froy, Whose City?
• Low par)cipa)on in VET (10% of cohort) • A lack of higher level courses (NVQ 3 and above)
• Plethora of training providers and awarding bodies
• Concerns over appren)ceships: engagement by young people and SMEs, training quality
A need to re-‐boost VET in England
Centre for Ci)es (2016)
A mixed na)onal picture
• Efforts to increase employer engagement • Na)onal strategy to boost appren)ceships – Efforts to increase the number of young people in appren)ceships
– The appren)ceship levy – Trailblazers
• Policy decentralisa)on to city regions: the City Deals – The appren)ceships and skills hubs
The na)onal policy context
Greater Manchester: 2.73 million people 105,000 businesses 40% GVA of North West England, 10.6% popula)on no qualifica)ons, 6.8% unemployment rate 2015 3rd most deprived local enterprise partnership region
Leeds City Region: 3 million people
119,000 businesses GVA of 60.5 billion
9.9% popula)on no qualifica)ons 6.2% unemployment rate 2015
9th most deprived local enterprise partnership region
• Key Aims: To increase the number of people taking appren)ceships at level 3 and above, and to support appren)ceships within SMEs.
• Target: The ini)al aim was to increase the number of 16-‐24 year olds star)ng appren)ceships by 10% a year every year un)l 2017/18, however this target was later abandoned
• Budget: 6 million pounds • Partners: The key partners include Manchester New
Economy, the Na)onal Appren)ceship Service, the Skills Funding Agency, Greater Manchester Chamber of Commerce, Greater Manchester Learning Provider Network, Greater Manchester Colleges Group and the Greater Manchester Local Authori)es.
Manchester Skills and Appren)ceships Hub
• Key Aims: To create a 'NEET-‐free' city region (i.e. a region free of young people not in educa)on, employment or training).
• Target: Create 2,500 new appren)ceships amongst those aged 16-‐24; Engage 2,142 businesses
• Budget: 4.6 million pounds • Partners: The key partners include the Leeds City Region Enterprise Partnership (LEP), the Na)onal Appren)ceship Service, the Skills Funding Agency, ten local authority areas that make up the Leeds City Region, further educa)on colleges & training providers and others.
Leeds Skills and Appren)ceships Hub
Concerns in Greater Manchester
• Low volumes of appren)ceships at NVQ level 3 and above
• Low recruitment of young unemployed people • Limited availability of impar)al informa)on, advice and guidance for young people
• SMEs not fully engaged in the skills system, which they ohen perceive as complex and disjointed
Key pillars: Greater Manchester
Examples of Ini)a)ves
• Providing informa)on, advice and guidance: – 24,500 per school for jointly crea)ng 3000 new registra)ons
– Sharp project: culture and media sector – Engineering Futures
• Increasing higher level delivery in key Manchester growth sectors: – health/social care, advanced manufacturing, digital and crea)ve, finance and professional and retail
– 13 different providers providing 22 higher appren)ceship frameworks
– Up to 50,000 pounds to contribute to 50% of start costs
Greater Manchester Hub Governance
Concerns in Leeds
• 28,000 young people in the NEET category at the start of the ini)a)ve three years ago,
• Only 12% of SMEs were taking on appren)ces before the hub ac)vi)es began.
• A complicated picture of provision -‐ over 600 training providers.
Decentralised
governance in Leeds City
Region
Examples of ini)a)ves
• Barnsley – Outsourced to local college, Employer Engagement focus, seasonal campaigns, connec)ons into local careers advice. Front runner na)onally.
• Calderdale – ‘Grow your own future’, match-‐funded by local authority, target 4000 appren)ceships by 2020, 3 employer engagement officers, pre-‐appren)ceship work placements, monthly visits to work placements, bursaries, appren)ceship ambassadors
• Leeds Region-‐wide – Appren)ceship training agencies (ATAs) – Reduc)on in transport costs for appren)ces
In parallel: Appren)ceship Grant to Employers
• Na)onal scheme, local adjustments • In both Greater Manchester and Leeds City Region: – Expansion of target group from micro-‐business to small-‐medium enterprises
– Focus in on local sectors – Priori)sa)on of medium to higher level appren)ceships
Impacts
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2009-‐10 2010-‐11 2011-‐12 2012-‐13 2013_14
Leeds City Region
Greater Manchester
England
Number of people taking appren)ceships since 2009
Successes
• Bringing more young people in through innova)ve careers guidance e.g. ‘appren)ceship ambassadors’
• Suppor)ng SMEs through local ‘hand-‐holding’: help with administra)on and recruitment e.g. through ATAs
• Orienta)ng appren)ceships towards local employment growth sectors and higher skills levels
• Linking appren)ceships advice into broader business support while influencing policy areas such as transport
• The public sector can ‘lead by example’ • Policy flexibility allowed both hubs to
‘learn by doing’
Challenges
• Marke)ng appren)ceships was found not to be enough: a longer term process is required to build ‘parity of esteem’
• Some sectors proved more easy to work with than others: e.g. the finance sector and hospitality as opposed to retail
• Both appren)ceship hubs had to steer within broader waves of na)onal policy change, while filling gaps in na)onal provision (IAG)
• Employers were mainly engaged as ‘consumers’ as opposed to designers of curricula
Conclusions
• City strategies can boost appren)ceships in key local sectors, at appropriate skills levels
• The quality of appren)ceships is key to aqrac)ng young people and crea)ng ‘parity of esteem’
• These examples show the value of local authori)es working together across boundaries at the level of local labour market travel to work areas/city regions
• Local authori)es can benefit from a culture of ‘learning by doing’ and flexibility in governance.
• However, even with flexibility, the success of local ini)a)ves is strongly influenced by the na)onal policy context