long-term operation of landslide observation system using zigbee modules university of tsukuba...
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Long-Term Operation of Landslide
Observation System Using ZigBee Modules
University of
Tsukuba
Geo-Sensing Lab
Wang Rui
SocDic Conference
Geo-Sensing Lab
Fig1. El Salvador.2001
What is landslide?
A landslide is a geological phenomenon that rocks, earth, or
debris flows on slopes due to gravity. Landslide can occur in any
kind of terrain given the right conditions of soil, moisture and the
angle of slope.
Geo-Sensing Lab
Landslide observation System is
very important and strongly neededwestern Sumatra , 2009
West Java, 2010
Landslide in Japan and Indonesia
Landslide in Japan
Fig2. Landslide in Indonesia and Japan
Geo-Sensing Lab
Landslide monitoring
Landslide warning
Landslide observation
system
Necessary to measure before occurring landslide.
Displacement surface of the ground Displacement in the ground Water level in the ground Amount of rainfall
Landslide observation SystemLandslide observation System
Function of the Landslide observation System
Effective measures for landslide.
Target of measurement
Geo-Sensing Lab
other wireless standards
→ narrow observation area
→ Power is problem
→ If many nodes, high cost
Fig4. Wireless monitoring system
Landslide observation SystemLandslide observation System
Current landslide observation system
Wired system Wireless system
wired observation system
→ breaking of wire
→ high-cost
Fig3. Wired monitoring system
Geo-Sensing Lab
AdvantageAdvantage Fast installation(no drilling is necessary) Higher stability(no cables break) Data transmission is real-time Permanent data transmission and data collection Power saving(ZigBee device sleeping mode)
Fig5. Landslide observation system using ZigBee
Clinometers BuriedClinometers
Water GaugeZigBee
Landslide observation SystemLandslide observation System
Our system
Based on ZigBee technology
Geo-Sensing Lab
ZigBee is a Ad-hoc networking technology
Based On IEEE 802.15.4 standard
Intended for 2.45 GHz , 868 MHz and 915 MHz Band.
Low in cost ,complexity & power consumption
Data rates touch 250Kbps for 2.45Ghz, 40 Kbps 915Mhz and 20Kbps for 868Mhz band.
What is ZigBee ?
AdvantageAdvantage
Network capacity Low power consumption Low cost Bought freely
Fig6. ZigBee device
About ZigBee
Geo-Sensing Lab
Zigbee is especially suitable for instrument measurement and control
Name Wi-Fi Bluetooth ZigBeeCommunication
distance100m 10m 10 ~ 100m
Communication speed
11Mbps 1Mbps 250Kbps
Network capacity
32nodes 7nodes 65,536nodes
lifeSeveral hours Several days
Several months or
years
ApplicationWireless
LANWireless
SoundInstrumentati
on controlTable1. Comparison with other wireless communication standards
About ZigBee
Geo-Sensing Lab
ZigBee
LOW DATA-RATE RADIO DEVICES
HOME AUTOMATION
CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
TVVCRDVD/CDremote
securityHVAClightingclosures
PC & PERIPHERALS
TOYS & GAMES
consolesportables
educational
PERSONAL HEALTH CARE
INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL
ZigBee Application
About ZigBee
monitorssensors
automationcontrol
Geo-Sensing Lab
ZigBee Flexible network topology
FFD
RFD
wireless
Star
FFD
wireless
Mesh
FFD
RFD
Coodinator
wireless
Cluster tree
Fig7. Network topology
About ZigBee
Geo-Sensing Lab
GeoSense:a. Network operations
b. Communicate external device
c. State transition
GeoSense Coordinator:a. Formation of networks
b. Control GeoSense
AirSenseWare (software):a. Control GeoSense Coordinator
b. Monitor network
c. Collect and record data
System component
GeoSense
GeoSensecoodinator
AirSenseWare
EtherNet
Measeument
Sirialcommunication
Zigbee NetWork
Device
Fig9. Outline of system
GeoSense Coordinator
GeoSense
Fig10. GeoSense
Geo-Sensing Lab
Problem using mesh networkProblem using mesh network
To work as ZigBee-Router, loss of original power-saving
Improve Power-Saving of ZigBee is important for this study
GeoSense Coordinator
GeoSense
Normal ZigBee device: can not be set into sleeping mode when
using mesh network
Our laboratory’s ZigBee device(GeoSense): can be set into sleeping mode when
using mesh network
Our ZigBee system’s working time is much longer.
Fig10. GeoSense
Geo-Sensing Lab
Experiment of Small-Scale System
System component AirSense Ware (1) GeoSense Coodinator (1) GeoSense (4) GeoSense with external
measurement device(1)
Fig12. Experiment network
GeoSensecoodinator
AirSenseWare
EtherNet
GeoSense
SirialComunication
MicroComputer
wireless
thermocouple
Fig11. Small-scale system
Network topology Mesh topology
External measurement device
Geo-Sensing Lab
Get environment data Temperature ,water
level , slope
GeoSense
CaseTemperature sensorHumidity sensor Illuminometer
Serial communication connector
Triaxial accelerometer
H8-3052
Fig13. Implementation and equipment of landslide observation system
Number of measurement 72 times
Measurement time A day
Geo-Sensing Lab
Fig14. Accumulated environmental data
Measure three times per hour properly Confirmed the power saving function works properly Get various environment data ,such as temperature and water
level , slope , etc to change sensor
13:5514:2414:5215:2115:5016:1916:4817:1617:4518:1418:430
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
[℃]
温度
(HH:MM)時間
170171アメダス
14:52 15:21 15:50 16:19
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
[%]
相対
湿度
(HH:MM)時間
170 171
14:52 15:21 15:50 16:19 16:48 17:16 17:45 18:14
0
100
200
300
400
500
[lx]
照度
(HH:MM)時間
170 171 175
14:52 15:21 15:50 16:19 16:48 17:16 17:45 18:14- 0.6
- 0.4
- 0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6_X
[m
N]
加速
度
(HH:MM)時間
170 171 175
14:52 15:21 15:50 16:19 16:48 17:16 17:45 18:14- 0.6
- 0.4
- 0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
_Y [
mN
]加
速度
(HH:MM)時間
170 171 175
14:52 15:21 15:50 16:19 16:48 17:16 17:45 18:14- 5
- 4
- 3
- 2
- 1
0
1
2
3
4
5
_Z [
mN
]加
速度
(HH:MM)時間
170 171 175
Geo-Sensing Lab
Conclusion
ZigBee is much suitable for Landslide observation system
GeoSense can be set into sleeping mode when using mesh network. It is more power-saving.
Landslide observation system is very useful for both Japan and Indonesia.
Many types of data can be obtained for landslide early warning