los mandatos
DESCRIPTION
Los mandatos. Espanol 4.2 Commands. Commands. Commands are used to tell someone what to do. You use them to give orders. Types of Commands. F ormal. Informal. “ Ud .” and “ Uds .” commands Can be affirmative (+) or negative Nosotros “Let’s”. “ tú ” commands - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Types of CommandsFormal Informal
•“Ud.” and “Uds.” commands
•Can be affirmative (+) or negative
•Nosotros “Let’s”
•“tú” commands
•Can be affirmative (+) or negative
Formal Commands
•You use formal commands to talk to someone with respect (Ud.), or to address a group (Uds.).
Formation of Formal Commands
• Formal commands are formed the exact same way we form the subjunctive. Ar verbs Er/Ir verbs
Usted Take “-e” for the ending
Take “-a” as the ending
Ustedes Take “-en” for the ending
Take “-an” as the ending
Los Irregulares
•Verbs that are irregular in the subjunctive are also irregular for formal commands.
•Boot Verbs•Special Spelling Changers•“Yo” Irregulars•Total Irregulars
Boot Verbs
Infinitive
CerrarJugarEmpezarSeguir (to follow/continue)Volver (to return)
Usted
(No) cierre
(No) juegue*(No) empiece*(No) siga(No) vuelva
Ustedes
(No) cierren(No) jueguen*(No) empiecen*(No) sigan(No) vuelvan
*also spelling change to preserve the sound
Special Spelling Changers
Infinitive
SacarPagarBuscarAbrazar (to hug)Escoger (to choose)Conducir (to drive)
Usted
(No) saque(No) pague(No) busque(No) abrace(No) escoja(No) conduzca
Ustedes
(No) saquen(No) paguen(No) busquen(No) abracen(No) escojan(No)conduzcan
“Yo” Irregulars
Infinitive
DecirHacerVerPonerTenerSalirVenirCaer
Usted
(No) diga(No) haga(No) vea(No) ponga(No) tenga(No) salga(No) venga(No) caiga
Ustedes
(No) digan(No) hagan(No) vean(No) pongan(No) tengan(No) salgan(No) vengan(No) caigan
Total Irregulars
Infinitive
DarEstarIrSaberSer
Usted
(No) dé(No) esté(No) vaya(No) sepa(No) sea
Ustedes
(No) den(No) estén(No) vayan(No) sepan(No) sean
Nosotros Commands•Once again the subjunctive form is the key to success for
these commands
Comer Vivir Hablar
¡Comamos! ¡Vivamos! ¡Hablemos!
Beber Escribir Andar
¡Bebamos! ¡Escribamos!
¡Andemos!
Los Irregulares
•Verbs that are irregular in the subjunctive are also irregular for formal commands.
•Boot Verbs•Special Spelling Changers•“Yo” Irregulars•Total Irregulars
Boot Verbs
InfinitiveCerrarJugarEmpezarSeguir (to follow/continue)Volver (to return)
Nosotros Command
(No) cerremos(No) juguemos*(No) empecemos*(No) sigamos(No) volvamos
*also spelling change to preserve the sound
Special Spelling Changers
Infinitive
SacarPagarBuscarAbrazar (to hug)Escoger (to choose)Conducir (to drive)
Nosotros Command
(No) saquemos(No) paguemos(No) busquemos(No) abracemos(No) escojamos(No) conduzcamos
“Yo” Irregulars
Infinitive
DecirHacerVerPonerTenerSalirVenirCaer
Nosotros Command
(No) digamos(No) hagamos(No) veamos(No) pongamos(No) tengamos(No) salgamos(No) vengamos(No) caigamos
Total Irregulars
Infinitive
DarEstarIrSaberSer
Nosotros Commands
(No) demos(No) estemos(No) vayamos(No) sepamos(No) seamos
Reflexive Verbs
Infinitive Nosotros Command
•Levantarse•Sentarse•Dormirse (to fall asleep)
•Levantemos+nos▫=levantémonos
•Sentemos+nos▫=sentémonos
•Durmamos+nos▫=durmámonos
With reflexive verbs the final “s” of the verb drops before adding “nos.”
Alternative Forms of the Nosotros Command
•You can always use “Vamos + a + infinitive” to create a nosotros command.
Affirmative “tú” Commands
•If you want to give a command to a friend or someone with whom you would use “tú” just put the verb in the “él/ella/usted” form of the present tense.
Affirmative “tú” Commands
•Él lava los platos-He washes the plates (present tense)
•¡Lava los platos!Wash the plates! (command)
Affirmative “tú” Commands
Comer Vivir Hablar
¡Come! ¡Vive! ¡Habla!
Beber Escribir Andar
¡Bebe! ¡Escribe! ¡Anda!
Los Irregulares• These eight verbs are irregular in the “affirmative tú” command
Decir DiHacer Haz
Ser Sé
Ir Ve
Poner Pon
Tener Ten
Salir Sal
Venir Ven
Negative “tú” Commands• To make a negative “tú” command (telling someone NOT to do
something) use the “tú” form of the subjunctive.
Ar verbs Er/Ir verbs
Take “-es” for the ending
Take “-as” as the ending
Los irregulares• Verbs that are irregular in the subjunctive are also irregular for
negative “tú” commands.
• Boot Verbs• Special Spelling Changers• “Yo” Irregulars• Total Irregulars
Boot Verbs
InfinitiveCerrarJugarEmpezarSeguir (to follow/continue)Volver (to return)
Affirmative “tú”
CierraJuegaEmpiezaSigueVuelve
Negative “tú”
No cierresNo juegues*No empieces*No sigasNo vuelvas
*also spelling change to preserve the sound
Special Spelling Changers
Infinitive
SacarPagarBuscarAbrazar (to hug)Escoger (to choose)Conducir (to drive)
Affirmative “tú”
SacaPagaBuscaAbrazaEscogeConduce
Negative “tú”
No saquesNo paguesNo busquesNo abracesNo escojasNo conduzcas
“Yo” Irregulars
Infinitive
DecirHacerVerPonerTenerSalirVenirCaer
Affirmative “tú”DiHazVePonTenSalVenCae
Negative “tú”
No digasNo hagasNo veasNo pongasNo tengasNo salgasNo vengasNo caigas
Total Irregulars
Infinitive
DarEstarIrSaberSer
Affirmative “tú”
DaEstáVeSabeSé
Negative “tú”
No desNo estésNo vayasNo sepasNo seas