los mandatos spanish iii mrs. pacheco. what does these words have in common? stop! sit down! please...
TRANSCRIPT
Los Mandatos
Spanish III
Mrs. Pacheco
What does these words have in common?What does these words have in common?
Stop!
Sit down!
Please open the window.
Please wash the dishes.
Go to the party.
Pet the puppy.
Do not eat the cookies!
Don't take the car out tonight!
← (command)(command)← (command)(command)← (request)(request)← (request)(request)← (grant permission)(grant permission)← (grant permission)(grant permission)← (deny permission)(deny permission)← (deny permission)(deny permission)
Commands
Commands are used when ordering, or telling someone to do something. This is often referred to as the "imperative mood" form of the verb.
By now, you are well acquainted with the fact that Spanish has both a formal and an informal style of speech (Tú / Usted). This distinction applies to commands.
Informal, or familiar, speech is used among friends, coworkers, relatives, or when addressing a child. Formal speech is generally used to be polite or to express respect. For that reason, the formal commands are often referred to as polite commands.
Los Mandatos
vs.
Informal Commands (affirmative)
Take the form and drop the .
OR
Just use the form if that’s easier to remember!
preparar -->
barrer-->
servir-->
tú s
él / ella / ud
¡Prepara!
¡Barre!¡Sirve!
Informal Commands (Negative)
To make a negative tú command, start with the form of the verb, drop the , and add the ending.
preparar-->
barrer-->
servir-->
yo oopposite tú
-ar--> es -er/-ir--> as
¡No prepares!¡No barras!¡No sirvas!
Opposite endings
Verbs that end in -ar won’t take the -as ending, but instead will take .
Verbs that end in -er or -ir won’t take the -es ending, but instead will take .
-es
-as
Práctica
1. cantar (+)6. escribir (-)
2. mirar (+)7. comer (+)
3. beber (-)8. salir (-)
4. escuchar (+)9. hacer (-)
5. hablar (-)10. perder (-)
¡Canta!¡Canta!
¡Mira!
¡No bebas!
¡Escucha!
¡No hables!
¡No escribas!
¡Come!
¡No salgas!
¡No hagas!
¡No pierdas!
-car, -gar, -zar verbs
When we make negative commands from a verb that ends in -car, -gar, or -zar, we make some spelling changes to keep the original sound.
-car
For verbs that end in -car, the changes to , then we add the opposite ending, which will ALWAYS be since these are -ar verbs!
cqu
-es
-gar
For verbs that end in -gar, the changes to .
g-gu
-zar
For verbs that end in -zar, the changes to a .
Remember these rules only apply to
zc
negative commands
Cómo se hace…
• Buscar:
• Pagar:
• Cruzar:
• Empezar:
¡No busques!
¡No pagues!
¡No cruces!
¡No empieces!
Irregulars
Remember, if the first person singular (yo) form is irregular, that irregularity is carried over into the formation of the formal command.
– Tengan Uds. un buen viaje. (yo tengo) Have a good trip. – Traiga Ud. el dinero. (yo traigo) Bring the money. – Venga Ud. conmigo. (yo vengo) Come with me.
This also applies to stem-changing verbs.– Cuente Ud. sus beneficios. (yo cuento) Count your blessings. – Vuelvan Uds. pronto. (yo vuelvo) Return quickly. – Pida dinero. (yo pido) Ask for money.
Irregular Affirmative + Commands
Venir ¡Ven! = Come!Decir ¡Di! = Say! Tell!Salir ¡Sal! = Go out! Leave!Hacer ¡Haz! = Do! Make!Tener ¡Ten! = Have!Ir ¡Ve! = Go!Poner ¡Pon! = Put!
“Vin Diesel has 10 weapons.”
TWO Negative Irregulars
Ir
ser
¡No vayas
¡No seas!
Don’t go!
Don’t be!
Cómo se hace…
1. Poner
2. Tener
3. Venir
4. Salir
5. Hacer
6. Decir
¡No pongas!
¡No tengas!
¡No vengas!
¡No salgas!
¡No hagas!
¡No digas!
Don’t put!
Don’t have!
Don’t come!
Don’t go out! Don’t leave!
Don’t do! Don’t make!
Don’t say! Don’t tell!
¡A Practicar!
A. Choose the correct answer, in order to create a command in the "tú" form.
1. Put the gun here._________ la pistola acá.
2. Don't put the gun there.No la _________ pistola allá.
3. Tell the truth._________ la verdad.
4. Don't tell lies.No _________ mentiras.
5. Come here._________ acá.
Common Expressions
1. Be careful!
2. Come here!
3. Tell me the truth!
4. Don’t go!
5. Don’t tell me! You don’t say!
6. Don’t be afraid!
7. Put on the hat!
8. Don’t be like that!
→¡Ten cuidado!
→¡Ven aca!/¡Ven aquí!
→¡Dime la verdad!
→¡No te vayas!
→¡No me digas!
→¡No temas!
→¡Ponte la gorra!
→¡No seas así!
Common Expressions
1. Be patient!
2. Come with me!
3. Do me a favor!
4. Make the table!
5. Put your shoes on!
6. Be organized!
→¡Ten paciencia!
→¡Ven conmigo!
→¡Hazme un favor!
→¡Pon la mesa!
→¡Ponte los zapatos!
→¡Sea organizado(a)!
Common Expressions
1. Don’t go!
2. Don’t worry!
3. Vete!
4. Sal!
5. Se simpático!
6. Be quiet!/Shut-up!
→¡No te vayas!→¡No te preocupes!→¡Go!→¡Get out!/¡Move!→Be nice!→Calláte!
¡A Practicar!
Choose the correct answer, in order to create a command in the "tú" form.
1. Speak more slowly. (hablar)_______________ más lentamente.
2. Don't speak so quickly.No _______________ tan rápido.
3. Write a letter to your mother. (escribir)_______________ una carta a tu mamá.
4. Don't write on the wall.No _______________ en la pared.
5. Johnny, sing. (cantar)Juanito, _______________ .
Reflexive Verbs & Commands with DIRECT OBJECTS PRONOUNS
With the affirmative command all we did
was ____________ the object pronoun to the affirmative command. (Notice we added an accent mark to keep the stress in the original place.)
ATTACH
Quick Span. II Review
How to use Double Objects to create reflexives verbs?
I.O.P. D.O.P.
Overview: Indirect Object Pronouns
Point of view
Singular Plural
1st person
me (to/for me)
nos (to/for us)
2nd person
te (to/for you informal)
os (to/for you informal)
3rd person
Le/SE (to/for you formal, him, her, it)
Les/SE (to/for them, you formal)
Indirect objects tell “to whomto whom” or “for whomfor whom” something is done (or who is receiving). Just like direct object pronouns replace direct objects, indirect object pronouns are the replacements for indirect objects, which are always personal nouns.INDIRECT OBJECT INCLUDES "TO/FOR" SINCE THEY ALWAYS INDICATE WHERE THE OBJECT IS GOING.
A direct object is a thing or person that answers whatwhat or whomwhom, respectively, in the
following equation:
SUBJECT + VERB + WHAT (WHOM)
DIRECT OBJECT
Yo como los tamales
Identifying a Direct Object Pronoun (DOP)
The direct object pronouns in Spanish are as follows:
mete
lo, la
nosos
los, las
for people
(lo, la) (los, las)for people and things
These are used exclusively
These are used
Cómo se hace…Reflexivo
Lavarse (tú) _________________
Secarse (tú)_______________
Lávate (Wash yourself!)
Sécate (Dry yourself!)
Cómo se hace…con objeto
Vender la casa _________________
Prestar el dinero ________________
Escuchar a nosotros _____________
Dar a mi _______________________
¡Véndela! Sell it!
¡Préstalo! Loan it!
¡Escúchanos! Listen to us!
¡Dame! Give me!
Negative Commands
The difference with the negative commands is that the object pronoun will be placed _______________ the verb.
BEFORE
RECUEDA..USE “TE” because they are informal Tú Commands
• No levantarse: __________________
• No secarse: ____________________
• No comerse: ____________________
¡No te levantes! (Don’t get yourself up!)
¡No te seques! (Don’t dry yourself!)
¡No te comas! (Don’t gobble down!)
Cómo se hace…
• No comprar el carro
_________________________________
• No apagar la lámpara
_________________________________
¡No lo compres! (Don’t buy it!)
¡No la apagues! (Don’t turn it off!)
¡A Practicar!¡A Practicar!Use the information in parenthesis to translate the following sentences. Do not include the subject pronoun in your answer. (The subject pronoun is underlined in parenthesis.)
1. Buy it. (comprar / tú / el libro)
2. Open them. (abrir / tú / las ventanas)
3. Don't open them. (abrir / tú / los libros)
4. Bring it to me. (traer / tú / la comida)
5. Bring it to her. (traer / tú / el coche)
6. Don't bring them to him. (traer / tú / las plumas)
7. Open them. (abrir / tú / las ventanas)
8. Don't open them. (abrir / tú / las cartas)
9. Tell it to me. (decir / tú / el secreto)
10. Give it to me. (dar / tú / la pluma)
Los Mandatos Formales
Regular Formal commands (affirmative AND negative)
1. Start with the form of the verb
2. Drop the
3. Then put on the
yo
(Ud./Uds./Nosotros)
O.
opposite personal ending.
Formal Commands (+/-)
-ar verbs -er/-ir verbs
Ud.
Nosotros
Uds.
E A
EMOS
EN
AMOS
AN
habl
habl
habl
corr
corr
corr
-car, -gar, -zar verbs
Verbs that end in –car will have a spelling change in which the changes to
Verbs that end in –gar will have a spelling change in which the changes to
Verbs that end in –zar will have a spelling change in which the changes to
C QU
G GU
Z C
“IR” Stem-changers (O-U Burrito Verbs)
DORMIR MORIR
Ud. (no) duerma Ud (no) muera
Uds. (no) duerman Uds (no) mueran
Nosotros (no) durmamos Nosotros (no) muramos
Irregulares
Ir Ud. Uds. Nosotros
SerUd. Uds. Nostros
SaberUd. Uds. Nosotros
EstarUd. Uds. Nosotros
Dar Ud. Uds. Nosotros
VAYA VAYAN VAMOSNO VAYAMOS!
SEAMOSSEANSEA
SEPAMOSSEPANSEPA
ESTÉ ESTÉN ESTEMOS
DÉ DEN DEMOS
Reflexive Verbs & Commands with DIRECT OBJECTS PRONOUNS
With the affirmative command all we did
was ____________ the object pronoun to the affirmative command. (Notice we added an accent mark to keep the stress in the original place.)
ATTACH
A PRACTICAR
lavarse (Ud.) _________________
secarse (Uds.)_______________
Lávese (Wash yourself!)
Séquense (Dry yourselves!)
Negative Reflexive Commands
The difference with the negative commands is that the object pronoun will be placed _______________ the verb.
BEFORE
RECUEDA..USE “Se” because they are formal Ud. & Uds. Commands
21. No lavarse __________________
(Ud.)
22. No secarse ____________________
(Uds.)
23. No comerse ____________________
(Uds.)
¡No se lave! (Don’t wash yourself!)
¡No se sequen! (Don’t dry yourselves!)
¡No se coman! (Don’t gobble down!)
¡A Practicar!
A. Write the imperative form (formal command) for the given verb and pronoun.
1. Buy the book. (comprar)______________ usted el libro.
2. Bring the food. (traer)______________ ustedes la comida.
3. Don't cry so much. (llorar)No ______________ usted tanto.
4. Don't smoke here, please. (fumar)No ______________ ustedes aquí, por favor.
5. Read the book. (leer)______________ usted el libro.
Nosotros Commands
Nosotros commands are used when the speaker is included, and are used to express the idea "let's + verb." To form these commands, use the nosotros form of the present subjunctive.– Comamos allí.
Let's eat there.– Contemos el dinero.
Let's count the money.
Negative Nosotros Command
To form the negative command, place the word no before the same verb form (present subjunctive).
• No comamos allí.Let's not eat there.
• No contemos el dinero.Let's not count the money.
The only exception is the verb ir(se), which uses the present indicative for the affirmative command only.
– Vamos ahora.Let's go now.
– No vayamos a la tienda.Let's not go to the store.
Reflexive Verbs - Nosotros
Regla: When attaching the pronoun to nosotros formal commands, remove the “s” from the “amos”/”emos”
LAVARSE
Lavémosnos Lavémonos No nos lavemos
A practicar – Affirmative Nosotros
• Quitarse los zapatos• Ponerse las sandalias
• Despertarse temprano
• Quitémonos los zapatos.• Pongámonos las sandalias.• Despertémonos temprano.
Nosotros Commands -
• No nos acostemos tarde!
• No nos pongamos un suetér!
• No nos bañemos!
• No acostarse tarde!
• No ponerse un suetér!
• No bañarse!
Indirect Commands
When the command is given through a third party, indirect commands are used (add “no” before to make it negative).
The form is:
"que + present subjunctive.”
Que (no) entre María.(Don’t) Let María come in.
Que vengan a las cuatro.Have them come at four o'clock.
Indirect commands are also used to convey a hope or a wish.
Que lo hagas tú.(I want) You (to) do it.
Que vivas para siempre.May you live forever.
¡Practíquen!
1.May you (tú) feel better soon. (sentirse)___________ te sientas mejor pronto.
2. May the boys feel better soon. (sentirse)Que se ___________ los chicos mejor pronto.
3. Let Juan come in first. (entrar)___________ entre Juan primero.
4. Don't let Juan come in first. (entrar)Que no ___________ Juan primero.
5. Have Pablo put on the clean shirt. (ponerse)___________ se ponga Pablo la camisa limpia.
Summary~Regular~
Projecto (Video Project)Create a scene in which one character is giving instructions to another. You are expected to demonstrate good use of vocabulary related words and both affirmative and negative commands. *Remember commands are often used in live or present events/situations.
•Students, you’re to do the following in your projects:
• use at least 10 vocabulary words
• use at least 8 commands (3 of these were to be negative)
• express yourself with emotion (if necessary)
• Turn in a written copy of the dialogue with the vocabulary and commands underlined.
• All group members must speak.
Topics (Role Playing):
1.Giving health advice to another person.
2.Giving cooking instructions for a recipe.
3.Giving directions of how to build, create, do something. (e.g. origami)
4.Giving a friend directions on how to get to the mall.
5.Etc.