Lost civilizations

Important sentences

1. Tomorrow we are visiting Pompeii. Next week we are flying to China, and going to Loulan.(L1-2)

2. Near the city was a volcano.(Line9)

3. Many people were buried alive, and so was the city. (L11)

4. Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2,000 years ago. (L14)

….I saw streets just as they had been,….(L19)

5. It is believed to have been gradually covered over by sandstorms form AD200 to AD400.(L32)

Find me

1. Tomorrow we are visiting Pompeii. Next week we are flying to China, and going to Loulan.(L1-2)

英语中某些动词尤其是短暂性动词，如 come, go, leave, fall, die 等，常使用进行时表将来。

1) 我叔叔明天要来看我。 My uncle is coming to see me tomorrow.

2) 他下周将动身去纽约。 He is leaving for New York next week.

现在进行时表将来

On the wall ___ photos of my family.

A. hangs B. is hanged

C. hang D. are hanged

2. Near the city was a volcano. (L.9)

When fall comes,______. A. down leaves fall B. down fall leaves C. down fell leaves D. down leaves fell

倒装句

用于倒装句的句型“表语＋ be ＋主语”：① 形容词＋ be ＋主语Next to the desk lamp was a thick English-Chinese dictionary. 挨着台灯是一本厚厚的英汉词典。Opposite to my house is a small bookstore. 我的房子对面是一家小书店。

形容词＋ be ＋主语Present at the meeting were Mr. Smith and five of his students. 出席会议的有史密斯先生和他的五个学生。

② 现在分词＋ be ＋主语Walking in the middle of the procession

was the emperor with nothing on.

走在游行队伍中间的是那个一丝不挂的国王。Sitting next to my friend was her mothe

r.

坐在我朋友旁边的是她的母亲。

用于以副词 up, down, out, in, away 开头的倒装句子：Suddenly the door opened and __________

a group of soldiers.

突然，门开了，一群士兵冲了出来。__________ the children as soon as they sa

w their teacher.

一看见老师孩子们就跑开了。

out rushed

Away ran

3. Many people were buried alive, and s

o was the city. （ L11 ）1) bury v. 埋葬 ; 隐藏 ; 掩蔽 ; 埋头于 The house was half buried under snow.

He ______________ in his work. 他埋头工作。Many men __________ underground wh

en there was an accident at the mine.矿上发生意外时 , 许多矿工都被埋在地下。She fell into the bed, ______ her face in

the pillow and sniffed sadly.

buried himself

were buried

buried

2) be buried alive…( adj.)• She was still alive when she was sent to the hospital.• He caught a fish alive in the water.

live; living; alive; lively adj.

• My mother bought a live/living fish.• The fish is still living/alive.• It wasn't a recorded show, it was a live one.

A. live B. living; C. alive D. lively

1.She’s a child and popular with everyone. 　

2.To my joy, I caught a ____ fish.3.The soldier was seen ____ in the field .4. There is a ____ football match tonight.5. Do you know how many ___ languages t

here are in the world?

D

A/BC

A B

3) so was the city. 城市也一样。

He passed the exam, and so did I.

= He passed the exam, and I passed

the exam, too.

= Both he and I passed the exam.

— He has done a good job.

— So he has. 他的确干得不错。

as (conj.) 正如 , 像 ... 一样 • I saw streets just as they had been.(L.19)

• Do as I say and sit down.

4. Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2000 year ago.(L.14)

• A witness must state facts as they are.

Leave the books as they are.

5. It is believed to have been gradually covered over by sandstorms from AD200 to AD 500. (L32-33)

It is believed that Loulan was gradually covered over by sandstorms from AD200 to AD 500.

people believe that Loulan was gradually covered over by sandstorms from AD200 to AD 500.

It is said that Ben is going to study abroad It is said that Ben is going to study abroad soon.soon.

Ben Ben is said is said to studyto study abroad abroad soon. soon. It is said that Ben is studying abroad now.It is said that Ben is studying abroad now.

Ben Ben is said is said to be studyingto be studying abroad abroad.. It is said that Ben studied abroad .It is said that Ben studied abroad .

Ben Ben is said is said to have studiedto have studied abroad abroad..

sb. +be + believed/said… + to do…sb. +be + believed/said… + to do…

Important words and

phrases

1. A British club arranged for high school

students to go on a cultural tour of places

where there are lost civilizations.

arrange v. 安排 , 筹划 , 整理 , 布置 arrange + n. + for + n. 为…安排… arrange + for … + to do 安排…做… arrange + (with + sb.) + to do ( 与人 ) 约定干… arrange + that clause ( 从句用 should + v.) 商定… , 安排…

我约定在 6 点钟跟他见面。 I arranged _________ him at 6 o’clock.

The secretary ______________________ _

__________ the manager.

秘书替我向经理预约。 I’ve _________for him _______ her.

我已安排他跟她见面。

arranged an appointmentfor me with

arranged to meet

to meet

American civilization differs from ours.

美国的社会和生活方式与我们不同。

▲ lost civilizations “ 失落的文明”

We are proud of the civilizations of ancient

China.

civilization [u] 文明，文明世界，文明社会

▲ civilize vt. 使文明，使开化； 教化 , 使文雅 civilized adj. 文明的，开化的； 有礼貌的，文雅的 Please be civilized. 请文雅点 civilized behaviour 有礼貌的行为

Such a rough man in that country has been civilized by his wife.

2. I feel lucky to have won a place on this tri

p. (L.2)

win a place “ 赢得资格”She has ___________ in the Olympic team.

她已获得奥运代表队的队员资格。He ____________ in the first team.

他失去了甲级队员的资格。

won a place

lost his place

be known as/for/to Jay Chou ___________ his music.Jay Chou ____________ a talented singer.Jay Chou __________ the young.

is known as

is known for

is known to

3.…, which is known as Chinese Pompeiiin the Desert. (L.4)

4. In 89 BC, the Romans took over Pompeii. (L8)

It’s not certain whether he will____ his father’s business.

A. take up B. take over

C. take out D. take off

take over: take control of / take charge of

1)The firm has by

a large company.

been taken over

2) 中国政府在 1997 年接管香港。 The Chinese government took over Hong Kong in 1997.

take after （外貌）相像 , 仿效 take …for… 把 ... 误认为 take in 欺骗；吸收，吸纳 , 改小 ; take off 起飞；匆匆离开；脱下 ; （事业）成

功 take on 承担；呈现；开始雇佣 take to 喜欢，开始从事 take up 开始从事，着手处理

5. The city was forgotten for many years

until the 18th century when a farmer

found some stone with writing on it. (L16)

with stepping stones along the road…. (L19)

The murderer was brought in, with his hands ____ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied

He stared at me with his mouth open. With the crowds cheering, they drove to

the palace.He stood with his hand in his pocket.The boy stood there, with his head down.With you to help us, we’ll surely succeed.She died with her son yet a schoolboy.

with +n./pron + done / doing

adj.

adv.

to do

n.

prepositional

phrase

Can you make a summary?

6. People started to dig in the area for

treasure, which caused much damage.

damage (U.) 损失 ; 损害 , 损坏

An earthquake sometimes causes gre

at damage. The accident did a lot of damage to the car.

damage, destroy, ruin

1. damage 是破坏，常常是局部的，一般可 以修复。

The storm damaged the crops a lot.2. destroy 强调以具有摧毁或杀伤性的 力量把某物彻底毁掉。

The building was completely destroyed by fire.

3.ruin 作动词时亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。 The crops were ruined by the late frost.

1. The car was only slightly ________ in the accident.

2. Henry and Sandy argued all the time, which completely ______ the evening for the rest of us.

damaged

ruined

7. I saw several houses which were

decorated with wall paintings.

decorate (vt.) 装饰，装潢 My mother likes to decorate rooms.

我妈妈非常喜欢装饰房间。

The cake was decorated to look like

a car. 这蛋糕装饰得像一辆汽车 .

8. It turns out that after the ash covered the peo

ple who failed to flee the city.

flee vt. &vi. 逃避，逃跑；迅速离开

The customers fled from the bank when the alarm sounded.

During the civil war thousands of people fled the country.

1). The car broke down on the way to the airport.

2). The telephone system has broken down.

3). Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.

9…, their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared,…(L23)

停止运转

失灵

失败

4). He broke down and wept when he heard the news.

5). The police broke down the door and saved the boy from the fire.

6). Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.

7). Her health broke down under the pressure of work.

感情失去控制

猛击某物使之毁坏

分解

( 身体 )垮了

10. Sven Hedin discovered the ruins of the Loulan kingdom. (L37)

(be) in ruins ( 是 ) 一片废墟

bring/ come to ruin( 使 )毁灭 /破产

fall into ruin 已成废墟1). The news meant the ruin of all our hopes.2). Ruin was staring her in the face.

毁灭(金钱财产的 )完全丧失

3). In bad repair, the castle has fallen into ruin.

4). Drinking was his father’s ruin.

5). To have a better understanding of the local history, we visited the ruins of the temple.

6). Bad weather ruined our holiday and we had to go home early.

毁坏祸根

废墟 , 遗迹

(Vt.)

11. Sven found the remains of buildings

…together with…

remains (of sth.) ①剩余物；剩饭菜e.g. 她把剩下的饭菜喂狗了。 She fed the remains of the meal to the

dog.

② 残骸；遗体，遗骸；遗稿

e.g. pay one’s last respects to the remains

of sb. 向某人的遗体告别 the remains of a plane

③ 遗迹，古迹，遗址；遗风e.g. the remains of a Roman fort 罗马要塞的遗址

the remains of the ancient custom 古俗遗风

12. remain v. 停留，留下，继续，依然1). Vi. 无被动

A few apples remained on the tree. The only remaining problem is how to

make more money.2). 后可接不定式

Much remains to be done. He remained to direct the battle.

It remains to be seen whether you are right.

3). 做连系动词，意为“保持，仍处于” 后接名词， 形容词，分词，介词短语等。

This remains a serious problem.

We should remain silent on this question.

She remain reading books for 5 hours.He remained under the care of

a nice nurse in the hospital.

13.run through

1) to pierce:穿透，刺穿：The soldier was run through by a bayonet.士兵被刺刀刺透了 .2) To use up quickly:挥霍掉：She ran through all her money.她很快花完了所有的钱 .

3) To rehearse quickly:匆匆排练：Let's run through the first act again.我们再排练一下第一场 .4) To go over the salient points or facts of:匆匆看过：把…的突出点或事实过目一下：The crew ran through the preflight procedures 。机组人员又复习了一遍飞行前的程序 .We ran through the witness's testimony before presenting it in court.在法庭上出示之前，我们先过目一下见证人的证词 .

1.The 33th newspaper