lower extremity osteology, ligaments, gluteal musculature
TRANSCRIPT
Lower ExtremityOSTEOLOGY, LIGAMENTS, GLUTEAL MUSCULATURE
Which of the following is most likely pertaining to the two pelves depicted?
A. The left is male and the right is female
B. The right is male and the left is female
C. The left is from a younger person than the right
D. The right is from a younger person than the left
The l
eft is m
ale and the rig
ht is...
The r
ight is m
ale and th
e left is
...
The l
eft is fr
om a yo
unger p
erso...
The r
ight is fr
om a
younge
r pers.
.
95%
0%5%0%
LE Unit Overview
Superficial fascia, veins, lymph
Skeletal structures / joint surfaces
Ligamentous support
Musculature / vasculature
Nerves
Forces and injuries
Objectives
Describe the gross anatomy for each system (circulatory, muscular, nervous, and skeletal) in the lower extremity.
Integrate the systems to discuss the lower extremity stability and mobility functions.
Analyze common injuries in the lower extremities.
For each muscle, describe how the attachment sites result in an action around a joint.
For each muscle, identify the innervation (peripheral nerve and nerve roots).
LE Overview
Coxae (Pelvis)
Obturator Membrane
Anatomical Position
Sacroiliac Joint - Ligaments
Primary:
Anterior Sacroiliac
Interosseus
Short and long posterior sacroiliac
Secondary:
Sacrotuberous
Sacrospinous
Sacroiliac Joint - Motions
Anterior Tilt and Posterior Tilt
Nutation (sacral flexion) and Counternutation (sacral extension)
Stability vs. Mobility
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=elo2_sWBXaM
Your patient has significant posterior tilt in his pelvis but when palpating, you notice his sacrum is nutated. What ligament would be most stretched?
A. Posterior Sacroiliac
B. Anterior Sacroiliac
C. Sacrospinous
D. None of these would be stretched
Posterio
r Sacro
iliac
Anterio
r Sacro
iliac
Sacro
spinous
None of these
would be s.
..
18%
8%
51%
23%
Your female patient has anterior pelvic tilt due to excessive lumbar lordosis. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. She must be in nutationB. She must be in
counternutationC. She is at risk for posterior
disc herniationD. None of these
She m
ust be in
nutation
She m
ust be in
counte
rnutati
on
She is
at risk
for p
osterio
r disc
h...
None of these
15%
69%
0%
15%
Femur:Torsion Angle
Averages:7 degrees in males12 degrees in females
Discussion question: What effect does this difference have?
Femur:Angle of Inclination
The part of the femur that is most susceptible to fracture in conjunction with osteoporosis is:
A. mid-shaft.B. medial condyle.C. along the
intertrochanteric line.D. neck.E. intercondylar area. mid-sh
aft.
medial co
ndyle.
along t
he inter
troch
ante
ric lin
e.neck
.
interco
ndylar a
rea.
0% 0% 0%
100%
0%
In the following radiograph of the hip, the arrow points to the:
A. greater trochanter.
B. lesser trochanter.
C. ischial spine.
D. femoral neck.gre
ater
troch
ante
r.
lesse
r tro
chante
r.
ischial
spine.
femoral
neck.
5% 0%0%
95%
Coxa vara refers to:
A. an abnormal decrease in the angle between the shaft of the femur and the tibia.
B. an abnormal decrease in the angle between the head and neck of the femur and its shaft (angle of inclination).
C. an abnormally short distance between the anterior superior iliac spine and the center of the acetabulum.
D. an abnormally short distance between the iliac crest and the greater trochanter.
E. an abnormally short femur. an ab
normal
decreas
e in th
e an...
an ab
normal
decreas
e in th
e ang..
an ab
normall
y short
distan
ce ...
an ab
normall
y short
distan
ce ...
an ab
normall
y short
femur.
18%
79%
0%3%0%
Hip musculature Gluteal region
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
TFL
Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemelli
Obturator externus
Quadratus femoris
Anterior hip Iliopsoas
Pectineus
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Bursa
Ischial
Obturator internus
Trochanteric
Gluteofemoral
The iliotibial tract is the conjoint distal aponeurotic attachment of which of the following pairs of muscles?
A. gluteus medius and minimus
B. gluteus medius and maximus
C. gluteus maximus and the tensor of the fascia lata
D. the tensor of the fascia lata and rectus femoris
E. rectus and biceps femorisglu
teus m
edius and m
inimus
glute
us medius a
nd max
imus
glute
us maxim
us and th
e tenso
r ..
the te
nsor o
f the fa
scia la
ta an
d ...
rectu
s and bice
ps femoris
0% 0% 0%0%
100%
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the great saphenous vein?
A. It passes posterior to the medial malleolus.
B. It passes posterior to the medial condyle of the femur.
C. It drains into the femoral vein.D. It has a nearly uniform
diameter because blood is shunted to deeper veins.
E. It traverses the saphenous opening in the fascia lata.
It pas
ses p
osterio
r to th
e med
ia...
It pas
ses p
osterio
r to th
e med
ial...
It drai
ns into
the fe
moral
vein.
It has
a nearly u
niform
diamete
r...
It tra
verses t
he sap
henous open...
92%
0% 0%3%5%
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