lowest temperature measurements - qd uk
TRANSCRIPT
Announcing theNext Generationof HeliumRecovery!
LowestTemperature
Measurements
Case Study:Planar Hall Effect
Investigation inCryogenic
Environment
Edition No. 1
FOCUS ONTEMPERATURE
SENSORS
CUSTOMENGINEEREDCRYOGENIC
SYSTEMS
CRYOGENICS
The Low Temperature Productsfor Your Lab
Lake Shore Cryotronics hasacquired Janis Research Products
A NEWSLETTER FROM QUANTUMDESIGN UK AND IRELAND
CRYO WEBINARS
Foreword
The Link Between the Lake Shore M91and the QD PPMS
Custom Engineered Cryogenic Systems
Custom Cryostat Examples, IncludingAward-Winning NASA Projects
Variable Temperature Cryostat
VersaLab Applications
Useful Links for QD Users
The Latest Cryo Webinars
Focus on Temperature Sensors
News Round Up
Helium Conservation
Next Generation of Helium Recovery
Case Study: Planar Hall Effect
Case Study: Study of Magnetic Materials
VIDEO: Watch the QD VSM in Action
Cryogenic Publications
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Contents HighlightsWITH CONTENT
CONTRIBUTIONS FROMOUR PARTNERS:
WWW.QD-UKI.CO.UK/CRYOGENICS
Lake Shore CryotronicsLeading researchers around the world trust Lake
Shore for measurement and control solutions that
drive the discovery and development of new
materials for tomorrow’s technologies. In
electronics, clean energy, nanotechnology, and
many other applications, Lake Shore provides the
products and systems needed for precise
measurements over a broad range of temperature
and magnetic field conditions. Serving the needs of
the research community since 1968 Lake Shore has
grown its product solutions to keep pace with
evolving interests in scientific exploration, from the
physics lab to deep space. Through our international
technical service and sales teams, we foster a
culture of collaboration and innovation, and a
commitment to the pursuit of science.
Quantum Design USASince its inception in 1982, Quantum Design
International (a privately held corporation) has
developed and manufactured automated
temperature and magnetic field testing platforms
for materials characterization. These systems offer
a variety of measurement capabilities and are in
widespread use in the fields of physics, chemistry,
biotechnology, materials science, nanotechnology,
and quantum information research.
Montana InstrumentsMontana Instruments® Corporation designs and
manufactures high-precision electrical, optical, and
cryogenic systems for quantum materials research
and the quantum computing, sensing, and
networking industries. Our solutions are focused on
increasing productivity by re-defining automation,
precision, and environmental control of wide
temperature experimental platforms.
Advancing MaterialsCharacterisation
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Quantum Design UK and Ireland (QDUKI) is
proud to bring you this newsletter with
information about new products, publications
and white papers that have been produced
using products that we offer.
With the recent addition of Janis Research
products through our partners, Lake Shore
Cryotronics, we have strengthened our
Cryogenics offering.
QDUKI is particularly proud of our
involvement with the international effort
(spearheaded by our parent company
Quantum Design USA) to conserve helium. As
well as promoting sustainability and
awareness amongst the scientific community,
we have launched a new generation of helium
recovery systems.
QDUKI has been involved with Cryogenics
now for 12 years both as a manufacturer and a
distributor of low temperature
instrumentation such as the PPMS and MPM3
and have continually added to supplying
materials characterisation products from
other leading vendors.
We firmly believe we have the best
combination of instrumentation in cryogenics
for investigation of new materials and for the
optical Quantum computing QUBIT
Technology revolution which hopes to replace
the current mature but slow electronics era.
Dr. S Ikram
TECHNICAL DIRECTORQUANTUM DESIGN UK AND IRELAND
NOWAVAILABLE
T H R O UG H
DAVID WANT , MANAGING DIRECTOR,
QUANTUM DES IGN UK AND IRELAND
"This is a great brand to bring under the Quantum
Design UK and Ireland product portfolio. The Janis
range compliments our Cryogenics offering and
the markets we serve very well."
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While the M91 can be integrated with any type ofmagnet system, it is very useful when used inconjunction with a superconducting magnet. Thisapplication note describes how the M91 FastHallmeasurement controller can be integrated into ameasurement application using the popularPhysical Property Measurement System (PPMS®)from Quantum Design.
The PPMS is a complete measurement systemconsisting of a low-temperature cryostat,superconducting magnet, and control electronicsfor making characterisation measurements. Thesystem has a 12-pin sample puck, which is wiredthrough a LEMO connector on the side of thecryostat. During general operation, the sampleconnector is connected to the PPMS electronicsand the system’s MultiVu™ software controls thefield and temperature of the sample space whilecoordinating the measurement electronicscontained in the PPMS system.
A key benefit of the Lake Shore MeasureReady™ M91FastHall™ measurement controller is that it can be usedwith any type of magnet, including a superconductingmagnet. One such magnet system is the PhysicalProperty Measurement System (PPMS®)
It enables the measurement of samplemobilities down to 0.001 cm2 /V sIt eliminates the need to complete a physicalfield reversal during the Hall measurement
In 2019, Lake Shore Cryotronics introduced theMeasureReady™ M91 FastHall™ measurementcontroller. This single instrument combines voltageand current sources as well as measurements andswitching elements with complete Hall calculationsto provide a start-to-finish Hall analysis directlyfrom the instrument. In addition, the M91 providestruly unique and patented new FastHall technology,which results in two important improvements:
Did you know...You can use a Lake Shore M91FastHall measurement controllerwith a PPMS?
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discover the M91
discover the PPMS
Janis Research has the trackrecord to back up its claim as theleader in custom cryogenics. Readon to find out about their twoNASA Public Service GroupAchievement Awards and our R&D100 Award.
The combination of these awardsclearly states, in a manner nopublicity rhetoric can, that Janishas the capability, the trackrecord, and the will to go beyondthe commonplace and providewhat others cannot.
What about your requirements?Aren't research and standardproducts contradictory? Yourproject is special and specialequipment is often required.
The Janis Research staff has theexperience and the knowledge tohelp even the most challengingprogram.
As a worldwide leader inlaboratory cryogenics,Janis has developedmany custom cryogenicconfigurations. Many ofthese have been refinedinto a standard productline and are availablefrom inventory.J A N I S R E S E A R C H
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"WE CAN OFFER CUSTOM
SEMI-AUTOMATED PROBE
STATIONS WITH
REPEATED MAPPING"
Dr. Shayz Ikram, Quantum Design UK andIreland
Contact us here at QuantumDesign UK and Ireland to
discuss your particularcustom cryogenic problem.
Cryogenic cold traps with single or multiple chambersfor adsorption of noble gases, oxygen, nitrogen, carbondioxide, water vapour, etc.Ruggedised cryostats designed for space flights/micro-gravity experiments and balloon-borne cosmicmicrowave studiesFocal plane array and detector cooling Dewars foroperation in any orientationUltra-high vacuum cryostats and superconductingmagnet systems for scanning probe, atomic force, andscanning tunnelling microscopesCryostats that operate from liquid helium temperaturesto high temperatures (750 K or higher)Custom vibration isolated systemsTensile testing and high-pressure diamond anvil cellcryostatsDewars designed to ASME code, with completestructural, stress, and thermal analysis
DESIGN CAPABILITIES
Typical examples of custom-engineered projectsinclude:
CUSTOMENGINEEREDCRYOGENICSYSTEMS
In addition to their complete line of laboratorycryogenic equipment, Janis Research offersa wide range of award-winning customsystem design capabilities. With in-housecomputing facilities, computerised designsand manufacturing capabilities, Janis'experienced physicists and engineers arereadily available to discuss your specialrequirements for any type of cryogenicapplication
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Products for exo-atmospheric research andastronomyJanis Research has cooperated with NASA on several programs. TheARC Argus program, the successor to the ATLAS program,investigated the upper atmosphere from a balloon platform.
Of interest to the program was the tracking of inert tracer moleculesfor determining direction and speed. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory,in cooperation with Janis, produced the first viable test hardware onthe SIRTF program. This project involved a mirror test andqualification operating at liquid helium temperatures.
NASA GSFC worked with Janis on the AImS camera testingrequirements. Working with UMD and the GSFC Planetary Systemsgroup, Janis developed a test enclosure to mimic the Marsenvironment for earth-bound terrain testing.
Cryostats for low-temperature system foratomic force microscopy (AFM)/scanningtunneling microscopy (STM)
A special helium Dewar was supplied to Seoul National Universityin South Korea. This unit was to be integrated into a UHV surfaceanalysis system which includes instruments such as an AFM/STMprobe. Featuring a modular design, this cryostat required the fullcomplement of Janis' design and manufacturing capabilities—allat a cost far below our competitors.
In 2000, Janis received its second NASA Public Service GroupAchievement Award, again from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.This time it was for Janis' performance on the FACET program,the development of a cryostat to comply with the ShuttleHitchhiker program, and providing a platform for microgravityexperimentation. This second PSGAA, for a small company, iswithout precedent in the history of the JPL program and perhapsin all of NASA.
Solid neon shielded superfluid heliumcryostat for micro-gravity studies in thespace shuttle environment
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Capillary cooling cryostat
In 1998, Janis was awarded an R&D 100 Award for thedevelopment of a capillary cooling cryostat, allowing thedisciplines of FLNS and capillary electrophoresis to be combinedfor the first time.
Shown is a room-temperature vacuum chamber made from aCCS-150 instrumentation skirt. It has an anti-reflection coatedwindow installed on top, two ten-pin feedthroughs, and athermocouple vacuum gauge. This can be used to makeelectrical and optical measurements under a vacuum at roomtemperature.
Room-temperature vacuum chamber
Cryogenic cold trap with multipleindependently controllable chambers
High-cooling power test chamber Hybrid Dewar for efficient operationwith a superconducting magnet
X-ray diffraction vacuum shroud forclosed-cycle refrigerator
Here at Quantum Design UK and Ireland, weonly want to send you the information thatyou would l ike to see. When f i l l ing out theform, please t ick the part icular f ie lds andproduct suppl iers that interest you, and wewil l make sure you are kept up to date withONLY the most relevant information.
join our newsletter
ST 500 PROBE
STAT ION
The Janis ST-500 series probe stations
are high-performance research
instruments designed to provide
affordable vacuum and cryogenic
probing of wafers and devices. The
proven ST-500 cryostat is the platform
for these probe stations and includes
low vibration technology (originally
designed for high spatial resolution
optical microscopy) to provide
outstanding sample positional
stability.
Low vibration level and the positional drift
Temperature range from ~3.5 K to 475 K (optional:
8 K to 650 K) (depending on probes)
Works either with liquid nitrogen or liquid helium
Helium consumption less than 1 L/h
Accommodates up to 2 in (51 mm) diameter
wafers (optional: up to 8 in [203 mm])
Up to seven cooled, easily interchangeable,
micro-manipulated probe arms
Electrical measurements from DC to 67 GHz
Wide variety of inexpensive LF probe tips that are
easy to replace
Very low triaxial probe arms leakage current of
just a few fA
Non-contact, non-destructive Kelvin probes
Multi-tip probes
Fibre probe arms with single and multi-mode
fibre options
Optional optical access through the sample
mount for transmission measurements
Additional electrical feedthroughs with cables
and wires to sample area
Optional special miniature vacuum chamber to
transfer sample under vacuum from glove box to
probe station
Very smooth x-y-z travel stages for all monoscope
system assemblies
Optional movable sample holder
System customisation options
Researchers around theworld are using thesesystems to conduct researchin a wide variety of fields,including MEMS, nanoscaleelectronics,superconductivity,ferroelectrics, materialsciences, and optics.
Variable temperature cryostat
Looking for a cryogen-free option for
your existing “wet” probe station?
Optional recirculating gas cooler
eliminates the use of liquid helium for
“wet” systems.
discover the ST500
Utilising a new approach to
cryocooler equipment design,
VersaLab employs a new 4He-
based temperature control
system and gas flow technology
that eliminates the need for
liquidcryogens.
3 Tesla Cryogen-free Physical PropertyMeasurement System
Quantum Design VersaLab™Measurement System
With a temperature range of 50 – 400 K, this 3 Tesla platform is perfect for accomplishing many types of materials characterisation in a limited space. As with all Quantum Design instruments, VersaLab is a fully automated turnkey system with a user-friendly interface, and utilises technology developed for Quantum Design’s popular Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS®).
Technical Service and Application Support is available for the Quantum Design VersaLab
VersaLab is specifically designedfor material characterisation upto 3 Tesla and over a widetemperature range without theneed of liquid cryogens.
discover the VersaLab
WWW.QD-UK I . CO .UK13
Quantum Design (QD) is the leading commercialsource for automated materials characterisationsystems incorporating superconductingtechnology.
These systems offer a variety of measurementcapabilities and are in widespread use in thefields of physics, chemistry, biotechnology,materials science and nanotechnology.
Quantum Design
THE QUANTUM DESIGNRANGE
QD instruments may be found in the world’s
leading research institutions, and have become
the reference standard for a variety of magnetic
and physical property measurements. Quantum
Design, Inc. instruments are cited in, and provide
the data for, more scientific publications than any
other instrument in the fields of magnetics and
materials characterisation. This means that each
year, literally hundreds of scientific publications,
advancing the science of materials, use data
generated from QD instruments.
QD Tuneable Light Source
QD Material Characterisation Range QD OptiCool Cryostat
QD Helium Liquefiers
Range:
WWW . QD - U K I . C O . U K12
Contact us here at QuantumDesign UK and Ireland to
discuss your requirements
Quantum Design VersaLab™Measurement SystemA p p l i c a t i o n s
Thermal TransportOptionVan der Pauw
read the app note read the app note
Field-dependent longitudinal and transverse voltagesignals measured for a GaAs 2-D electron gas system at1.7 K with 1 µA sourced DC excitation current in the vander Pauw geometry. In the upper frame, plateauxdemonstrating the integer quantum Hall effectcorrespond to where the Fermi level falls in an area oflocalized states between neighbouring Landau levels.
The lower frame depicts the same parameters, collectedat a slower field ramp, allowing the Shubnikov-de Haasoscillations to be resolved in regions of comparativelylower magnetic field strength.
Sample provided by M. Pendharkar, ChrisPalmstrøm Group, University of California SantaBarbara
A typical response of the three properties measured bythe TTO (thermal conductivity, Seebeck coefficient,electrical resistivity) are all shown, along with thecalculated thermoelectric figure of merit ZT, for thenickel reference sample included with the option.
“The system expands our suite ofinstrumentation, adding a newlow temperature physics researchcapability. We found the QDUKISales and Service team veryresponsive and everything hasbeen dealt with very efficientlyand professionally.”
QD have supported Materials
Characterisation systems for more than
35 years and are a leading manufacturer
in this field.
Researchers in theDepartment ofPhysics atUniversity of Yorkare looking forwardto working with theQuantum DesignVersalab systemDr Stuart Cavill, Deputy Co-ordinator ofthe Condensed Matter Research Group atthe University of York comments that...
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Parts andConsumables
Applications TeamNotes andDownloads
The UK Service Department offers fast front line local support to users within the UK and Ireland. We are backed by our extensive and experienced European Service Department, based in Darmstadt Germany, and by our US Service Department and Factory Engineers, based in the Quantum Design Headquarters in San Diego, California. We offer helpful advice and can work with you to find individual solutions to your particular application.
Already a customer? Please use the service email forany service issues [email protected]
Pharos is an online repository of > 1,000 files related to the use of allQuantum Design measurement systems, measurement
options, and other distributed products
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ElectricalTransport Head
Heat CapacitySampleMountingStation
read the app note
read the app note
A superconducting transition is shown for asample of NbTi alloy near 9 K. The open bluecircles indicate data collected using the defaultcurve fitting technique on a number of smallheat pulses while the smaller closed red pointswere acquired using the slope-fitting analysis ofa single large heat pulse.
Temperature dependence of the resistance of amagnetite (Fe3O4) mineral sample. The high-resistance data is collected using the 2-probe(high impedance) mode, while the rest of therange is covered by the more conventional 4-probe configuration for increased sensitivity.Note that the Verwey transition can be resolvednear 120 K..
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Contact us here at QuantumDesign UK and Ireland to
discuss your applications.
COLOUR CENTRES FORQUANTUM INFORMATIONPROCESSING
VIRTUAL TOUR THROUGHQDE’S APPLICATIONLABORATORIES
CRYOGENIC PROBINGPLATFORMS
Materials and Device Development - including discuss keyapplications, including wafer-level Hall effect, transistorcharacterisation, Raman studies, ferroelectric material and devicemeasurements, and wafer-level microwave characterisation.
Practical Experimental Considerations for Characterising and TuningQuantum Emitters Using a High-NA, Low Vibration CryogenicEnvironment.
Glance behind the scenes to see real cryogenic and magneticmeasurements
BY MONTANA INSTRUMENTS, WITH PHYSICS WORLD TODAY
2
1
BY QUANTUM DESIGN EUROPE
3
BY LAKE SHORE CRYOTRONICS
watch now
watch now
watch now
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WATCH CRYO WEBINARSDon't miss out on the best webinars in the field of Cryogenics
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Interested in knowing more about how to correctly install a sensor ina cryogenic application and to avoid common installation errors?Then watch this recording of an Institute of Physics (IOP) webinarpresented by Dr. Scott Courts, Lake Shore Senior Scientist.
watch now
CRYOGENIC SENSORS:INSTALLATION TECHNIQUESFOR SUCCESS
7
BY LAKE SHORE CRYOTRONICS
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BROADBANDFERROMAGNETICRESONANCE: CRYOFMR
THERMAL TRANSPORTOPTION
A webinar from Quantum Design featuring the NanOsc CryoFMR FMRSpectrometer
Learn more about our Thermal Transport option for the PPMS,DynaCool, and VersaLab platforms. Including: Measurement theory,hardware overview, measurement procedure (sample mounting,sequence writing), data quality evaluation, maintenance.
BY QUANTUM DESIGN USA
5
4
BY QUANTUM DESIGN USA
watch now
watch now
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watch now
PROBING MAGNETODYNAMICSAT NANOSECOND TIMESCALESAND BEYOND
Quantum Design’s latest efforts to enable high frequencymagnetodynamic measurements of both fundamentally interestingand technologically relevant materials at ultra-short timescales.
BY QUANUM DESIGN EUROPE
6
Cernox® thin filmresistance cryogenictemperature sensors
offer significantadvantages over
comparable bulk or thickfilm resistance sensors
The smaller package size of these thin film sensorsmakes them useful in a broader range ofexperimental mounting schemes, and they arealso available in a chip form.
Cernox®
Cernox™ ResistanceTemperature Sensorsfor High Energy PhysicsApplications
The cryogenic temperature sensing requirements ofsuperconducting magnets used in high energyphysics accelerators present a unique challenge.The sensors must operate at cryogenictemperatures below 4.2 K with low magnetic field-induced calibration offsets at fields ranging to 10 T.They must provide high resolution with fastresponse times to detect potential superconductingmagnet quenches. The sensors must be stable overtime and thermal cycling with low radiation-inducedcalibration offsets up the anticipated accumulateddose over the lifetime of the accelerator.
TEMPERATURE SENSORS FOR
HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS APPLICATIONS
This combination of unique requirements severely limitstemperature sensor choices for monitoringsuperconducting magnets. Cernox™ resistancetemperature sensors, manufactured by Lake ShoreCryotronics, Inc., were specifically designed anddeveloped for the purpose of monitoringsuperconducting magnets used in high energyaccelerator facilities and meet the criteria required forthis application. This work details performancespecifications for Cernox resistance temperaturesensors with regard to their suitability for high energyphysics applications.
Read the full white paper
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240 Series Input Module
The new 240 Series offers a convenient, modularinput solution for precision monitoring of cryogenictemperature sensors in large-scale applicationsemploying distributed PLC-based control.
Lake Shore benchtop cryogenic instruments aretrusted throughout the world for precisiontemperature measurement—now that samemeasurement performance can be achieved in widelydistributed high energy applications like particleaccelerators and fusion reactors as well as otherlarge industrial sites.
SIMPLIFY ING LARGE -SCALE CRYOGENIC
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
Integrates seamlessly with industry-leading Lake Shore Cernox® RTDs,
platinum RTDs and DT 670 silicondiodes, providing the ideal solution for
performing temperature measurementsover a PLC network
Native support for PROFIBUS, allowingthis module to be integrated into a wide
range of PLC networks
Temperature values are communicateddirectly with the PLC master device,removing the need to use additional
costly analog conversion equipment orcomplex PLC programming to generate
temperature values
Measurement circuitry based on LakeShore’s industry leading benchtop
instruments, allowing for longer cableruns between sensor and module; idealfor applications where sensors must be
located in hazardous environments
Normal mode with EMF-cancellationand signal filtering for the bestmeasurement possible or high-speedmode for the fastest notification of atemperature change
A high-quality OLED display on thefront of the unit provides helpfulstatus and measurement data; this isin addition to being able to accessthis information via the PLC networkor the local USB connection
Convenient pluggable connectorsallow individual sensors to bedisconnected for maintenance withoutlosing readings from other sensors onthe same module
Easy DIN rail mounting withintegrated rear connections allowingpower and fieldbus communicationsto be shared between modulesF
EA
TU
RE
SFocus On:
TEMPERATURE SENSORS
learn more
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DR JOSHUA ROGERSDURHAM UNIVERSITY
We use our C2 Cryostation tomaintain our thin semiconductorsamples at 4 K while we makemeasurements with a high powerpulsed laser. Our data acquisitionpatterns require us to maintain theseconditions for days or weeks at a timewith minimal interruption.
We have found the Cryostation to bean extremely low-maintenance systemthat has placed negligible demands onour time and budget to operatecontinuously for over 2 years andcounting. We observe good stability inboth temperature and mechanicalperformance.
We have also received excellent post-sale support. QD UKI provided a fulltechnical training and installationservice and Montana have been happyto provide design information that hasenabled us to fabricate bespokeaccessories and integrate theinstrument more closely into our widerexperimental system.
Overall, the Cryostation’s mostappealing characteristic is howeasy and convenient it has provedto be, enabling us to focus on theaspects of our research projectthat deserve the most attention.”
C2 CRYOSTATION"
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Download today
View the C2 Cryostation
READ MORE >
elium Conservation Day takes
place on the anniversary of the
ground-breaking work by Dutch
physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
at the University of Leiden in the
Netherlands which led to the first
liquefaction of liquid helium.
10th July
“We need to be good
stewards for earth’s precious
resources and we have
developed methodologies
and equipment that capture,
recycle and reuse helium for
our use and to help our
customers.
Our product development
has always focused on
optimising the consumption
of liquid helium and we will
continue to do so.
Thank you for helping us
recognise the need for
conservation and recycling.
Let’s all go green for
helium.”
Greg DeGeller, President of
Quantum Design
HELIUMCONSERVATION
"As well as floating balloons andmaking your voice sound funny,
helium plays a crucial role in scienceand medicine – thanks to its
cryogenic properties. "
H
DR JOSHUA ROGERS , DURHAM
UNIVERSITY
The Montana Cryostation lies at the heartof a number of experiments in my group.The Cryo-Optic add-on allows us to performoptical spectroscopy on single organicmolecules at low temperature with excellentcollected photon count rates from the in-vacuum high-NA objective. The systemreaches a base temperature low enough toobserve atomically-narrow resonances inthese molecules, making them suitable foruse in quantum technology.
The automated temperature control allowsus to investigate the effects of phonon-induced dephasing with ease, while theintegrated nano-positioning system andsample holder – designed in collaborationwith Montana Instruments and QD-UK – isfully compatible with the nanophotonicdevices we are investigating at lowtemperature.
Dr Alex S. Clark
Centre for Cold Matter
Imperial College London
All of our experiments benefit from the lowvibrations seen in the Montana Cryostation,from stable coupling to nanophotonicwaveguides to diffraction-limited confocalmicroscopy. The support we have receivedfrom QD-UK has been excellent – they areeasily contactable should issues arise andare very open to collaborative problemsolving to expedite finding a solution.
Having all of this in a closed-cyclesystem that does not require thepurchase of expensive andincreasingly rare liquid helium is theicing on the cake.”
View the C2 Cryostation
"
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• 160 and 250 litre capacity dewars (for labs
that prefer larger transfers)
• Improved liquefaction rates at 1 PSIg so
helium is ready when you need it
• Newly-designed purifier that offers same
industry-leading performance in a smaller size
• Optional variable speed compressors that
provide energy efficiency and longer life of
cold heads
• New simplified software with intuitive user
interface for easier operation
• Wide range of custom recovery systems
available for needs small and large, including
direct recovery and recovery systems with
medium and high-pressure storage
Quantum Design’snewest
helium recovery technology provides:
“ W e w e r e m o s t s u r p r i s e d b y t h eh i g h l e v e l o f H e l i u m r e c o v e r y m a d e
p o s s i b l e b y t h e A T L s y s t e m . ”
S e r v i c i o s C i e n t í f i c o - T é c n i c o s ,U n i v e r s i t y o f O v i e d o
THE NEXTGENERATION OFHELIUMRECOVERY
Quantum Des ign Launches the
NexGen & ATL L ique f i e r s and
Pur i f i e r s
I N T R O D U C I N G . . .
Quantum Design’s liquefiers and heliumrecovery systems allow you to recycle thehelium gas currently being lost from thenormal boil off and helium transfers ofyour cryogenic instruments. An adaptablehelium recycling solution for research andmedical cryostats, these helium liquefiersand recovery systems allow you toalways have access to a supply of liquidhelium without being reliant on suppliersof cryogens or subject to unpredictableprice changes.
Physics Department, Leiden University
“The small liquefiers are easyto use and can deliver 500-600litres per week to satisfy our
institution’s needs.”
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University of Cambridge – Quantum
Sensors Group
CASESTUDY
Accurate magnetic field measurement is often achallenge in fundamental research scenarios,particularly when dealing with vector fields incryogenic environments. Cryogenic conditionsrule out many of the clever newmonolithic/integrated 3-axis Hall probes thatinclude signal conditioning circuitry in thesensor itself.
The case study included the Lake Shore HGCT-3020 cryogenic Hall sensor and the 2Dex plug-and-play Hall sensor (Lake Shore 2X-250-FT-1CBL-2 connected to F71 teslameter).
Planar Hall Effect Investigation inCryogenic Environment
The Quantum Sensors Group atCambridge University developsultrasensitive superconductingdetectors to detect radiationacross the electromagneticspectrum.
2Dex Hall sensors paired with a Lake Shoreteslameter have been demonstrated to providesuperior measurements when compared toprevious generation gaussmeters and InAs Hallsensors. Measurement errors as a result ofoffset voltages and the planar Hall effect areeliminated, as well as seeing an improvement inmeasurement resolution
Read the full casestudy here
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Whether you have a largelaboratory or small, with manycryogen-using instruments or justone, Quantum Design has a heliumrecycling option perfectly suitedfor you. Helium Recycling Systemscan be individually configured for avariety of laboratory sizes andtypes. All recycling systems havefully integrated components withmost functions being automatedor very easily operated.
Recycling systems can be usedwith a wide range of cryogenicinstruments including NMR, MRI,MEG and other assorted cryostats.Custom fittings and connectionsare available for a wide range ofinstruments to allow for seamlessintegration into your laboratory orscanning center. Fail-safeprotections are built into everystage of our recycling systems sothat in the occurrence of anaccident, the rest of the recyclingsystem and your cryogenicinstruments are protected fromdamage or contamination.
Break yourdependence oncryogen suppliersand no longer besubject to highercosts andundependablesupplyQ U A N T U M D E S I G N
You can do your part toconserve a precious
natural resource whichis vital to scientific
research and medicaltreatment.
Liquid HeliumYour Way
View the Helium Recovery Range
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Quantum Design MPMS ®3The Quantum Design MPMS 3 enables a greater range ofmagnetic and electrical measurements to be performed. Aswell as the study of novel materials such as magnetocaloric(MCE) materials, the MPMS 3 can be used to investigatesuperconductors, magnetic nanoparticles, 2D materials, 3Dprinted permanent magnets and inorganic magnetic oxides, asa function of temperature and magnetic field.
“The MPMS 3 is by far thebest magnetometer on themarket.
It is a sizeable upgrade on previous
MPMS models and it allows quicker,
more accurate measurements, while its
cryogen-free operation slashes
running cost to a mere fraction of the
older systems. And it is generally much
easier to use.
In my case, I often work on materials
where the magnetism is extremely
weak.
The MPMS 3 provides a much more
accurate determination of the
magnetic properties for these kind of
materials.”
Dr Otto Mustonen,
Postdoctoral Research Associate
at the University of Sheffield
Dr Otto Mustonen, Postdoctoral ResearchAssociate at the University of Sheffield, hasbeen using the Henry Royce Institute’s MPMS3 to carry out research in the field of quantummaterials, where quantum effects are strongand lead to novel properties and phenomena.
Materials with strong quantum magnetism canlead to very exotic magnetic states such asquantum spin liquids, and the resultingmaterials could potentially be used forquantum informatics applications, which inturn could form the building blocks of anentirely new type of quantum computer.
QuantumMaterialsResearch
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Superconducting Quantum InterferenceDevice (SQUID) magnetometers are vitalinstruments in the study of magneticmaterials. The high sensitivity of theequipment means that they allow for amuch more accurate determination ofmagnetic properties on materials where themagnetism is extremely weak.
The Henry Royce Institute funded SQUIDMPMS 3 is regularly being used by theUniversity of Sheffield’s Functional MagneticsGroup, as well as the wider Sheffield researchcommunity. It has enabled the study of novelmagnetic materials such as magnetocaloric(MCE) materials, whose characterisationrequires their magnetisation to be measuredover a wide temperature and magnetic fieldrange.
CASESTUDY
Squid Enables HighlyAccurate Study ofMagnetic Materials
The system has allowed them to study a rangeof these materials, as it has a wide temperaturecapability from 2.5K to 1000K and magneticfields up to 7 T. For thin film research, the in-plane rotator has enabled us to study the in-plane anisotropy of new magnetic alloys.
Prof Nicola Morley, Professor of MaterialsPhysics at the University of Sheffield, has beenoverseeing the Henry Royce Institute’s MPMS 3system and, along with her group, is using it tocarry out world leading research on novel softmagnetic materials such as high entropy alloys.The research aims to discover new functionalmagnetic materials for applications, such astransformers, actuators and magnetic-refrigeration.
“The MPMS 3 system is an ideal system formaterial discovery research, as a highthroughput of samples can be measured quicklyand easily at room temperature, with those ofinterest being investigated further over a widetemperature and magnetic field range. ”
Prof Nicola Morley, Professor of Materials Physicsat the University of Sheffield
"THE OPTION OF ACSUSCEPTIBILITY, AS WELL AS
SAMPLE ROTATION ALLOWS FOR ACOMPLETE STUDY OF THESE NEW
MAGNETIC MATERIALS.”
Prof Nicola Morley
HENRY ROYCE INSTITUTE
COOLINGDOWN
This video shows thesimplicity of preparingand mounting a samplewith the QuantumDesign DynaCool withVSM option.
It shows how to use theVSM option of a PPMS-DynaCool – fromsample mounting tosequence writing. Youcan spot the datapoints growing and theinstrument coolingdown to 2 K.
Play the video:
V I B R A T I N G S A M P L E M E A S U R E M E N T
V i d e o b yQ u a n t u m
D e s i g n E u r o p e
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“We believed that the change ofoxidation state may lead to achange in the magneticproperties that were significantenough to be picked up by theMPMS 3, and we were correct.Other magnetometers are notsufficiently sensitive to detectsuch a small concentration of Feions with a different oxidationstate.”
Dr Linhao LiResearch Associate at the University of Sheffield
Metal OxidesResearch
Dr Linhao Li, Research Associate at theUniversity of Sheffield, works predominantlyon metal oxides, researching their electricalproperties such as conduction mechanisms,dielectric properties and piezoelectricproperties.
He has used the MPMS 3 to determine thechange of oxidation state of Fe ion in dopedBismuth Ferrite (BiFeO3) ceramics underdifferent processing conditions. However, theconcentration of Fe ions with changedoxidation state is relatively low and thereforehard to be verified by other techniques.
Impact
"Having access to the SQUID MPMS 3, whichis the best magnetometer available, isenabling us to carry out far more advancedresearch in the area of magnetics.
The system has more than 15 trained usersfrom the departments of Physics, Chemistry,Medicine and Materials Science, and we’ll beable to continue to train more people to beable to investigate further the properties ofnovel functional materials."
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PUBLICATIONSWhite papers, articles and App Notes
OVERVIEW
OF
THERMOMETRY
GENERALTHERMOMETRYANDTEMPERATURESCALES
QUANTUM
COMPUTING IN
CRYOGENIC
SYSTEMS
KEYS FOROPTIMISING AQUANTUMCOMPUTINGEXPERIMENT
Cryogenic
Temperature
Controllers
FUNDAMENTALSFOR USAGE
OptiCool Stray
Fields
CONTOURS OFTHE MAGNETICFIELD
Influence of
the sample
mounting
ON THERMALCONDUCTANCEMEASUREMENTSUSING PPMS TTOOPTION
Is Higher
Resistance
Better?
NEGATIVETEMPERATURECOEFFICIENTTEMPERATURESENSORS
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IN THE NEWS
READ MORE >
READ MORE >
READ MORE >
rofessor Rick Averitt (UCSD Physics) and
Jovan Nelson (Stern Group, Northwestern
University) discuss their latest research using
OptiCool, PLUS a recent publication:
Magnetoelastic coupling to coherent acoustic
phonon modes in the ferrimagnetic insulator
GdTiO3
P
LATEST RESEARCHWITH OPTICOOL
all effect measurements are a
fundamental tool for semiconductor
material characterisation. However, the
challenge with some Hall voltage
measurements is that they can be at low
voltage levels, and at these levels, error
terms can significantly impact the quality
of the measurement. This new technical
note addresses the most common of these
errors and recommends methods to either
eliminate or minimise such errors to
achieve quality Hall effect measurements.
UNDERSTANDING &MINIMISING ERRORS THATCAN INTERFERE WITH HALLEFFECT MEASUREMENTS
H
CRYOGEN I C S NOW
any researchers employ low temperatures
in their optical cavity experiments to reduce
phonon broadening and enable material
observations inaccessible at room
temperature. For researchers studying optical
cavities, there are experimental considerations
that extend beyond simply achieving
cryogenic temperatures. Factors such as
temperature stability, ultra-low vibrations and
accelerations, and the demands of sustaining
a cryogenic environment for days, weeks, or
even months deserve heightened importance
when working at low temperatures.
Montana Instruments considers two
experiments which were configured to
perform cavity physics at cryogenic
temperatures, and also discusses recent
advances in closed-cycle technology which
will reduce the barrier to entry of performing
low temperature optical cavity experiments.
M
MITIGATINGTHERMAL ANDVIBRATIONAL NOISEWHITE PAPER
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Material Characterisation
Cryogenics - Lake Shore
Cryogenics Range
Further reading:
cryogenicsIssue No. 1 | Quantum Design UK and Ireland
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