IN BULLETS

1 ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................................................................................................ 7 2 FUNDAMENTALS ......................................................................................................................................................... 10

2.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................. 11 2.2 ARCHITECTURE .................................................................................................................................................. 11 2.3 INTERFACES ........................................................................................................................................................ 12 2.4 CHANNEL BANDWIDTHS.................................................................................................................................. 12 2.5 OPERATING BANDS............................................................................................................................................ 13 2.6 BEARER TYPES.................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.7 RADIO RESOURCE CONTROL STATES............................................................................................................ 14 2.8 SIGNALLING RADIO BEARERS ........................................................................................................................ 15 2.9 QUALITY OF SERVICE........................................................................................................................................ 16 2.10 MOBILITY MANAGEMENT STATES ................................................................................................................ 18 2.11 CONNECTION MANAGEMENT STATES.......................................................................................................... 19 2.12 3GPP SPECIFICATIONS....................................................................................................................................... 20

3 DOWNLINK AIR-INTERFACE ................................................................................................................................... 21 3.1 MULTIPLE ACCESS............................................................................................................................................. 22 3.2 FRAME STRUCTURE........................................................................................................................................... 23 3.3 RESOURCE BLOCKS ........................................................................................................................................... 24 3.4 MODULATION ..................................................................................................................................................... 25 3.5 OFDMA SIGNAL GENERATION ........................................................................................................................ 26 3.6 OFDMA SYMBOL................................................................................................................................................. 28 3.7 CYCLIC PREFIX ................................................................................................................................................... 29 3.8 WINDOWING........................................................................................................................................................ 30 3.9 INVERSE FOURIER TRANSFORM..................................................................................................................... 31 3.10 FOURIER TRANSFORM ...................................................................................................................................... 31 3.11 TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER CHAIN.......................................................................................................... 32

4 MULTIPLE ANTENNA TECHNOLOGIES................................................................................................................ 33 4.1 TRANSMIT DIVERSITY ...................................................................................................................................... 34 4.2 MULTIPLE INPUT MULTIPLE OUTPUT............................................................................................................ 36 4.3 CLOSED LOOP SPATIAL MULTIPLEXING....................................................................................................... 37

4.3.1 2×2 CLOSED LOOP SPATIAL MULTIPLEXING ............................................................................................ 37 4.3.2 4×4 CLOSED LOOP SPATIAL MULTIPLEXING ............................................................................................ 38

4.4 OPEN LOOP SPATIAL MULTIPLEXING............................................................................................................ 40 4.4.1 2×2 OPEN LOOP SPATIAL MULTIPLEXING................................................................................................. 40 4.4.2 4×4 OPEN LOOP SPATIAL MULTIPLEXING................................................................................................. 41

4.5 MULTI-USER MIMO ............................................................................................................................................ 42 4.6 TRANSMISSION MODES .................................................................................................................................... 43

5 DOWNLINK SIGNALS.................................................................................................................................................. 45 5.1 SYNCHRONISATION SIGNAL ........................................................................................................................... 46 5.2 CELL SPECIFIC REFERENCE SIGNAL .............................................................................................................. 48 5.3 UE SPECIFIC REFERENCE SIGNAL................................................................................................................... 50

6 DOWNLINK PHYSICAL CHANNELS........................................................................................................................ 51 6.1 PBCH...................................................................................................................................................................... 52 6.2 PCFICH .................................................................................................................................................................. 54 6.3 PHICH .................................................................................................................................................................... 56 6.4 PDCCH................................................................................................................................................................... 60 6.5 PDSCH ................................................................................................................................................................... 63

7 DOWNLINK TRANSPORT CHANNELS.................................................................................................................... 65 7.1 BCH........................................................................................................................................................................ 66 7.2 PCH ........................................................................................................................................................................ 67 7.3 DL-SCH.................................................................................................................................................................. 68

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LONG TERM EVOLUTION (LTE)

8 DOWNLINK CHANNEL TYPE MAPPINGS ..............................................................................................................70 8.1 LOGICAL, TRANSPORT AND PHYSICAL CHANNEL TYPES.........................................................................71

9 DOWNLINK CONTROL INFORMATION .................................................................................................................72 9.1 STRUCTURE..........................................................................................................................................................73 9.2 SEARCH SPACES..................................................................................................................................................75 9.3 UPLINK RESOURCE ALLOCATION...................................................................................................................76 9.4 DOWNLINK RESOURCE ALLOCATION 0.........................................................................................................77 9.5 DOWNLINK RESOURCE ALLOCATION 1.........................................................................................................78 9.6 DOWNLINK RESOURCE ALLOCATION 2.........................................................................................................79 9.7 DCI FORMAT 0 ......................................................................................................................................................81 9.8 DCI FORMAT 1 ......................................................................................................................................................82 9.9 DCI FORMAT 1A ...................................................................................................................................................83 9.10 DCI FORMAT 1B ...................................................................................................................................................85 9.11 DCI FORMAT 1C ...................................................................................................................................................86 9.12 DCI FORMAT 1D ...................................................................................................................................................87 9.13 DCI FORMAT 2 ......................................................................................................................................................88 9.14 DCI FORMAT 2A ...................................................................................................................................................90 9.15 DCI FORMAT 3 ......................................................................................................................................................91 9.16 DCI FORMAT 3A ...................................................................................................................................................91

10 SYSTEM INFORMATION.............................................................................................................................................92 10.1 STRUCTURE..........................................................................................................................................................93 10.2 MASTER INFORMATION BLOCK ......................................................................................................................94 10.3 SYSTEM INFORMATION BLOCK 1 ....................................................................................................................95 10.4 SYSTEM INFORMATION BLOCK 2 ....................................................................................................................97 10.5 SYSTEM INFORMATION BLOCK 3 ..................................................................................................................102 10.6 SYSTEM INFORMATION BLOCK 4 ..................................................................................................................103 10.7 SYSTEM INFORMATION BLOCK 5 ..................................................................................................................104 10.8 SYSTEM INFORMATION BLOCK 6 ..................................................................................................................106 10.9 SYSTEM INFORMATION BLOCK 7 ..................................................................................................................107 10.10 SYSTEM INFORMATION BLOCK 8 ..................................................................................................................108 10.11 SYSTEM INFORMATION BLOCK 9 ..................................................................................................................110 10.12 SYSTEM INFORMATION BLOCK 10 ................................................................................................................110 10.13 SYSTEM INFORMATION BLOCK 11 ................................................................................................................111

11 UPLINK AIR-INTERFACE .........................................................................................................................................112 11.1 FRAME STRUCTURE AND TIMING .................................................................................................................113 11.2 RESOURCE BLOCKS..........................................................................................................................................114 11.3 MULTIPLE ACCESS............................................................................................................................................115 11.4 MODULATION ....................................................................................................................................................116 11.5 SC-FDMA SIGNAL GENERATION....................................................................................................................117 11.6 SC-FDMA SYMBOL ............................................................................................................................................120 11.7 CYCLIC PREFIX AND WINDOWING................................................................................................................121 11.8 TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER CHAIN.........................................................................................................121

12 UPLINK SIGNALS........................................................................................................................................................122 12.1 DEMODULATION REFERENCE SIGNAL ........................................................................................................123 12.2 SOUNDING REFERENCE SIGNAL....................................................................................................................125

13 UPLINK PHYSICAL CHANNELS..............................................................................................................................128 13.1 PRACH..................................................................................................................................................................129 13.2 PUCCH..................................................................................................................................................................132 13.3 PUSCH ..................................................................................................................................................................135

14 UPLINK TRANSPORT CHANNELS..........................................................................................................................137 14.1 UL-SCH.................................................................................................................................................................138

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IN BULLETS

14.2 RACH ................................................................................................................................................................... 140 15 UPLINK CHANNEL TYPE MAPPINGS................................................................................................................... 141

15.1 LOGICAL, TRANSPORT AND PHYSICAL CHANNEL TYPES ...................................................................... 142 16 UPLINK CONTROL INFORMATION...................................................................................................................... 143

16.1 CHANNEL QUALITY INFORMATION............................................................................................................. 144 16.2 APERIODIC CQI REPORTING........................................................................................................................... 145 16.3 PERIODIC CQI REPORTING ............................................................................................................................. 148 16.4 PRECODING MATRIX INDICATOR................................................................................................................. 152 16.5 RANK INDICATOR ............................................................................................................................................ 152 16.6 SCHEDULING REQUEST .................................................................................................................................. 152 16.7 HARQ ACK/NACK.............................................................................................................................................. 153

17 BIT RATES.................................................................................................................................................................... 154 17.1 DOWNLINK BIT RATES.................................................................................................................................... 155 17.2 UPLINK BIT RATES ........................................................................................................................................... 159

18 MEASUREMENTS....................................................................................................................................................... 163 18.1 RSRP .................................................................................................................................................................... 164 18.2 RSRQ.................................................................................................................................................................... 165

19 MEASUREMENT REPORTING ................................................................................................................................ 166 19.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................ 167 19.2 LAYER 3 FILTERING ......................................................................................................................................... 168 19.3 EVENT A1............................................................................................................................................................ 169 19.4 EVENT A2............................................................................................................................................................ 169 19.5 EVENT A3............................................................................................................................................................ 169 19.6 EVENT A4............................................................................................................................................................ 170 19.7 EVENT A5............................................................................................................................................................ 170 19.8 EVENT B1............................................................................................................................................................ 171 19.9 EVENT B2............................................................................................................................................................ 171

20 IDLE MODE PROCEDURES...................................................................................................................................... 172 20.1 PLMN SELECTION............................................................................................................................................. 173 20.2 CELL SELECTION.............................................................................................................................................. 174 20.3 CELL RESELECTION......................................................................................................................................... 175

20.3.1 PRIORITIES .................................................................................................................................................... 175 20.3.2 TRIGGERING MEASUREMENTS .................................................................................................................. 176 20.3.3 MOBILITY STATES......................................................................................................................................... 177 20.3.4 RANKING........................................................................................................................................................ 178 20.3.5 CLOSED SUBSCRIBER GROUP CELLS ....................................................................................................... 179

20.4 CELL STATUS AND CELL RESERVATIONS .................................................................................................. 179 20.5 ACCESS CONTROL............................................................................................................................................ 180 20.6 PAGING PROCEDURE....................................................................................................................................... 181

20.6.1 S1AP: PAGING MESSAGE............................................................................................................................. 183 20.6.2 RRC: PAGING MESSAGE .............................................................................................................................. 183 20.6.3 PAGING OCCASIONS .................................................................................................................................... 184

21 PHYSICAL AND MAC LAYER PROCEDURES .................................................................................................... 185 21.1 RANDOM ACCESS............................................................................................................................................. 186 21.2 TIMING ADVANCE............................................................................................................................................ 192 21.3 HARQ................................................................................................................................................................... 194

21.3.1 UPLINK........................................................................................................................................................... 196 21.3.2 DOWNLINK .................................................................................................................................................... 197

21.4 UPLINK POWER CONTROL.............................................................................................................................. 198 21.4.1 PUSCH ............................................................................................................................................................ 198 21.4.2 PUCCH ........................................................................................................................................................... 203

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LONG TERM EVOLUTION (LTE)

21.4.3 SOUNDING REFERENCE SIGNAL ................................................................................................................205 21.5 CHANNEL QUALITY INDICATION..................................................................................................................206

22 PROTOCOL STACKS..................................................................................................................................................208 22.1 USER PLANE .......................................................................................................................................................209 22.2 CONTROL PLANE...............................................................................................................................................211

23 SIGNALLING PROCEDURES....................................................................................................................................215 23.1 RRC CONNECTION ESTABLISHMENT ...........................................................................................................216 23.2 ATTACH AND DEFAULT BEARER ESTABLISHMENT .................................................................................220 23.3 DEDICATED BEARER ESTABLISHMENT.......................................................................................................228 23.4 TRACKING AREA UPDATE...............................................................................................................................231 23.5 INTRA-SYSTEM HANDOVER...........................................................................................................................235

24 NETWORK PLANNING ..............................................................................................................................................241 24.1 TRACKING AREAS.............................................................................................................................................242 24.2 PHYSICAL LAYER CELL IDENTITY................................................................................................................243 24.3 FREQUENCY PLANNING ..................................................................................................................................244 24.4 NEIGHBOURS WITHIN LTE ..............................................................................................................................245 24.5 NEIGHBOURS WITHIN UMTS ..........................................................................................................................246 24.6 NEIGHBOURS WITHIN GSM.............................................................................................................................246 24.7 RANDOM ACCESS PREAMBLE FORMAT.......................................................................................................247 24.8 RANDOM ACCESS PREAMBLE SEQUENCE ..................................................................................................248 24.9 CYCLIC PREFIX..................................................................................................................................................249 24.10 CO-SITING ...........................................................................................................................................................250

25 SELF ORGANISING NETWORK...............................................................................................................................252 25.1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................................253 25.2 INTRA-FREQUENCY AUTOMATIC NEIGHBOUR RELATIONS...................................................................254 25.3 INTER-FREQ/SYSTEM AUTOMATIC NEIGHBOUR RELATIONS................................................................256 25.4 AUTOMATIC CONFIGURATION OF PHYSICAL CELL IDENTITY ..............................................................257

26 APPENDICES ................................................................................................................................................................258 26.1 RADIO FREQUENCY CHANNEL NUMBERS ..................................................................................................259 26.2 UE CATEGORIES ................................................................................................................................................260 26.3 UE IDENTITIES ...................................................................................................................................................261

26.3.1 RNTI .................................................................................................................................................................261 26.3.2 M-TMSI ............................................................................................................................................................262 26.3.3 S-TMSI .............................................................................................................................................................262 26.3.4 GUTI ................................................................................................................................................................263 26.3.5 IMSI..................................................................................................................................................................263

26.4 DL-SCH MODULATION AND TRANSPORT BLOCK SIZES ..........................................................................264 26.5 UL-SCH MODULATION AND TRANSPORT BLOCK SIZES ..........................................................................274 26.6 COMPARISON BETWEEN UMTS AND LTE ....................................................................................................275

27 INDEX.............................................................................................................................................................................276

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