lucija rakocevic, msc · 2013. 9. 26. · lucija rakocevic, msc . fourth international forum:...

Fourth International Forum: Energy for Sustainable Development, September 2013, Georgia

Lucija Rakocevic, MSc


1. Montenegro

2. Final Energy Consumption

3. Strategic/legal framework

4. Public buildings action

5. Households action

6. Recommendations

7. Conclusions


Population: 625 266 people Area: 13 812 km2

Natural resources: water, biomass, lignite, solar, wind

GDP: 88 % services 11 % industry 1 % agriculture Gross energy consumption: 43 PJ Final energy consumption: 30 PJ Contracting party to EnCT Candidate country for EU


Energy used: Electricity: 2 HPPs, TPP and 8 sHPPs and import Heat: biomass (wood), electricity, coal (small central and

district heating systems, no gas) Transport: refined petroleum products import

Consumption by sectors: Transport – 39 % Households and services – 36 % Industry – 24 %

Building Sector – public, households and services Building stock – does not exist Data on buildings – National statistics office

(households + construction sector) National REA (National geospatial

data infrastructure)


National statistics # of dwellings (households + some services) – 314,704 56/44 % - urban/rural 40 % temporarily not in use or seasonally used 48 % older than 30 yrs (15 % are 50 +) 80 % of dwellings used for households - brick and concrete 50 % or less of household area being heated Energy savings potential per sector (EES 2006): ‒ Transport – 10 % ‒ Buildings – 30 % ‒ Services – 20 % ‒ Industry – 15 % Assuming cost effective measures: walls and roof insulation EE lighting RES for households/heating system

EnCT study (2010): family houses – 30 % apartment buildings – 42 % office buildings – 45 %


Energy Policy until 2030 – sustainable energy one of the three priorities Energy Efficiency Strategy that sets priorities on building sector defining

needed activities: Quality regulatory framework Improving building envelopes Avoiding use of electricity for heating Use of automatic regulation for heating/cooling/ventilation Use of RES

Action plans for 3 years period ‒ 2010/2012 adopted in 2010 2 % target – met 82 % from public buildings and services (realized ?) ‒ 2013/2015 not yet adopted

2010 Energy Efficiency Law – harmonized 2002/91/EC directive National target for EE - 9 % of FEC until 2018


Montenegro follows EU energy policy Energy Efficiency Law defined the general framework for implementation of

EPBD Regulatory framework adopted in June 2013 on:

Minimum energy requirements for buildings Methodology and education of energy auditors Certification of buildings but without defining the categories

Prepared draft of new Law on Efficient Energy Use

Law on spatial planning and construction of buildings (2008/10/11/13) requires Energy efficiency report for all new buildings

Standards regarding energy performance of buildings and thermal systems in buildings accepted but not obliged to be followed

3.2 Legal and Regulatory framework


Public building sector includes buildings used for: Education (600 buildings/structures) Health treatment (~ 30 buildings) National and local governments Public services...

Education and health buildings responsibility of national gov’t Implementation of energy efficiency measures in these buildings:

can lower energy bills improves quality of service provided (comfort) gives a good example to public and local gov’t

Governmental loans World Bank project (MEEP 2009-2014)

9.6 million € - 15 buildings (8 edu + 7 health) KfW project (2012 - 2014) 13 million € - 30 edu buildings


WB procedure involves following steps per each object: Detailed energy audit (expected savings ~ 45-50 %)

14-day measurement of comfort parameters

Technical design based on national regulation and standards

Construction works

Evaluation and monitoring

Final approval

Based energy audits of buildings the most needed and feasible energy efficiency measures included: improvement of building envelope and

reconstruction of heating (HVAC) system

Results – 37 % in primary energy use

Continuation – phase II of the project – 15 health buildings

4. Public buildings actions (2) MEEP


High school Berane Primary School “Olga Golovic” Niksic Primary School “Luka Simovic” Niksic High school Cetinje

4. Public buildings actions (3) MEEP - results


Montenegro has 314,704 dwellings of which 1/4 are located in Podgorica, capital city

1/3 of population lives in Podgorica Apartments in apartment buildings mainly privately owned – lack of organized

maintenance Households mainly use electricity and wood, no district heating, no gas

Law on ownership-legal rights (2009) and Law on housing and

maintenance of housing buildings (2010/13) – implementation of such laws in the past 20 years has been poor

Shared parts of housing buildings are responsibility of all owners and they have legal obligation to pay for its maintenance

Municipality Podgorica – adopted SEAP in 2011 – financial support for insulation and reconstruction of existing apartment buildings – reduction of communal tax for new buildings for installing solar systems

5. Apartment buildings actions


Thermal insulation of façade, insulation of roofs and maintenance of facade of existing apartment building Financing: 50 % local budget – 50 % owners

Municipality Podgorica has been spending ~ 200,000 €/year since 2011 Conditions for being eligible for this support are:

Initiated by apartment owners Apartment owners have to form assembly of owners and the president All apartment owners have to agree on the size of the works Financing

Monitoring is done by local government’s Agency for housing staff Results – interest for this measure is growing and financing is being used up – estimate savings 80 kWh/m2 – lack of measurements

5. Apartment buildings actions (2) Podgorica


Examples of buildings in Block V – part of Podgorica Muncipality

5. Apartment buildings actions (3) Podgorica - examples


4 reasons for success of these programs: Clear and strong political support (strategies, ap, legislation) Strong public campaign – awareness raising (Energy Efficiency Year – GIZ) Giving good examples (public buildings often used by citizens) Financing - for start gov’t loans, public funds

Recommendations Building stock needed/better statistical data on buildings Regulatory framework implementing EPBD directive 2010/31/EC is late,

need to prepare for implementation of 2012/27/EC directive All programs need to have good monitoring and measurements of energy

use before and after Involvement of private sector into energy efficiency financing (legal

framework and transparent and clear procedures)


Energy savings potential in building sector in Montenegro is up to 45 % – buidling envelope, heating systems and energy management

Political support and awareness have been raised Strategic framework exists with actions plans, but there is a need for better

monitoring and verification of realized activities and results Legal and regulatory framework need to be much faster improving

and adapting to new obligations but coupled with experience from implementation

Better statistical data is needed, regarding buildings and energy consumption in them

Existing successful programmes financed through government loans and public budget – for faster improvement in energy efficiency need for involvement of private sector and funds


Lucija Rakocevic, MSc. Consultant for renewable energy and energy efficiency

e-mail: [email protected]

lucija rakocevic, msc · 2013. 9. 26. · lucija rakocevic, msc . fourth international forum:...

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