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Brief History of Lumbini Buddhist University

Th e fi rst World Buddhist Summit held in Lumbini from 30th November to 2nd December,1998 proposed to establish a Buddhist university in Lumbini, the birthplace of Gautam Buddha, to impart standard education on Buddhist Philosophy, Literature and Culture, and the Lumbini Declaration, issued at the conclusion of the Summit, requested the Nepal government to take immediate action in this direction. Accordingly, the Lumbini Development Trust constituted a seven-member Preparatory Committee with Prof. Tulasi Ram Vaidya as convener and Ven. Sudarshan Mahasthavir, Ngawang Hoser Lama, Pt. Badri Ratna Bajracharya, Prof. Mohan Prasad Lohani, Prof. Tri Ratna Manandhar and Mr. Min Bahadur Shakya as members. Finally, on 14th Marga 2061 B.S. (29th November 2004), Lumbini Buddhist University was formally established with the promulgation of an Ordinance. Later in 2006, the Parliament approved the Ordinance with modifi cations as Lumbini Buddhist University Act (Lumbini Bauddha Vishwavidyalaya Ain 2063).

Appointment of the VC, Registrar and Dean

After the promulgation of the Lumbini University Ordinance, the government of Nepal appointed Prof. Tulasi Ram Vaidya as the fi rst Vice Chancellor on 4 August 2005. Similarly, Mr. Kedar Shakya was appointed as the Registrar on 31st August 2005. Upon the resignation of the latter, Prof. Khadga Man Shrestha succeeded him as the Registrar on 26th November 2007. As the university started working, Prof. Shanker Th apa of Central Department of History, Tribhuvan University was appointed as the Dean of LBU on 6th February 2009. Th enafter, University Council, Executive Council and the Academic Council were also constituted under the Act. With the implementation of Lumbini Bauddha Vishwavidyalaya Niyam -2067 (Lumbini Buddhist University Rules - 2010), a Research Committee was formed in July 2010 to regulate research programmes conducted by the university.

After the retirement of the fi rst Vice Chancellor, a selection committee was formed by the Chancellor to recommend a new VC for appointment. Consequently, Prof. Tri Ratna Manandhar, former Professor of History, Tribhuvan University, was appointed the second Vice Chancellor of Lumbini Buddhist University. Prof. Manandhar was formerly Dean of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at Tribhuvan University and also worked in various capacities including a member of the National Curriculum Council, and also a member of the Royal Nepal Academy (Prajna Sabha). Prof. Manandhar joined the University as the Vice Chancellor on 12th March 2010.

Initial Activities of LBU

LBU started its initial activities with a Liaison Offi ce at Bhrikuti Mandap, Kathmandu. An inspection team was sent by the university to explore viable land at Devdaha. Later, the LBU Sahayog Samiti - Devdaha proceeded to get possession right of 155 bighas of land at Devdaha. However, the procurement is not yet completed. In December 2008, a special core group was constituted with Ven. Ananda as the Convener to develop LBU as an international centre of Buddhist learning and research.

A Resource Mobilization Seminar was held on 8th March 2009 at Lumbini attended by distinguished persons including the VC, Registrar and Dean of LBU, Member-Secretary of UGC, Vice Chairman and Member–Secretary of Lumbini Development Trust, Treasurer of Devadaha Development Committee and others. Registrar Dr. Khadga Man Shrestha presented a working paper, and the participants off ered various suggestions on it.

Renovation of University Building at Lumbini

For the use of the university, the government of Nepal has made available a piece of land at Parsa Chauraha, Tenuhawa VDC in Lumbini. In July 2009, the government handed over the right of possession

Lumbini, Nepal

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Sri Lankan Minister Donating Encyclopaedia

of the land to the university. Th e total area of the land is 2-3-11 bighas. LBU has renovated an old dilapidated building there at the cost of 1.5 million rupees. Th e building may be used for administrative as well as other purposes. At present, the University central offi ce has been located there.

As per the need of the university, LBU has submitted a detailed proposal for the construction of an academic building as well as residential blocks to the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Culture. Till date, the progress in this connection is almost non-existent.

Until April 2009, the university administration was operated from its Kathmandu offi ce. As the university has to be located in Lumbini, its central offi ce was established in a rented house in Siddhartha Nagar. After completion of renovation of its building, the university central offi ce has now moved to Lumbini. LBU has been doing utmost eff ort to fi nd resources for the construction of necessary buildings and the development of the University.

First Meeting of the University Council

Th e fi rst meeting of the University Council was held on 27th June 2010 under the chairmanship of Rt. Hon. Prime Minister and Chancellor Mr. Madhav Kumar Nepal at Singha Durbar. Th e Vice Chancellor, in his welcome speech requested the council members for their valuable opinion and suggestions to make the University an international centre of Buddhist education and research. He also requested the Nepal government to provide support for the construction of academic and administrative buildings, residential blocks and other necessary wings to start Master's degree programme next year.

Th e Registrar of the University presented the proposed budget for the fi scal year 2067/68 B.S., and a proposal to endorse the previous budgets and the decisions of the Executive Council. Likewise, the Dean proposed to establish the central campus at Lumbini, and start Ph. D. and Master's programmes. Th e Council members discussed every agenda with great interest and unanimously passed the proposals.

Th e Vice Chancellor presented the draft rules of Lumbini Buddhist University 2010 for approval.

After discussion, the Council passed the regulation by constituting a committee to make necessary amendments in the draft within a week. Finally, the rules were approved.

While addressing the Council meeting, Pro Chancellor of the university, Hon. Minister of Education Mr. Sarvendra Nath Shukla, expressed hope that the university will make successful implementation of its academic programmes, and assured to provide possible help from the government.

In his formal address from the chair, the Chancellor of the University, Rt. Hon. Prime Minister Mr. Madhav Kumar Nepal congratulated the concerned authorities for the successful conclusion of the fi rst meeting of the University Council. He directed the University authorities to concentrate on diff erent aspects of Buddhist Studies, so as to make the University a centre of learning and research on Buddhist studies.

Donation of Books

Various persons have shown their good will to Lumbini Buddhist University by donating books on diff erent aspects of Buddhism.1. More than 100 books on history and culture,

specially related to Buddhist Archaeology, from the collection of Late Babu Krishna Rijal have been donated to LBU by Mrs. Mallika Rijal.

2. 100 Books on diff erent aspects of Buddhism specially the Tibetan Buddhism have been donated to LBU by Mr. Ratna Shrestha, a bookseller from Th amel, Kathmandu.

3. Fifty-Six hardbound volumes of Tripitaka written in Devanagari script have been handed over to LBU by Mr. Bekha Ratna Shakya, a former Mayor of Lalitpur Municipality.

4. More than 50 books on diff erent aspects of Buddhism have been donated to LBU by Mr. Min Bahadur Shakya, Director of Nagarjuna Institute of Exact Method and member of the Academic Council of LBU.

5. Few books on diff erent aspects of Buddhism have been donated by Ven. Sangharakshita to LBU.

6. Hon. Anurapriyadarshana Yapa, Minister of Environment and Natural Resources of Sri Lanka, handed over sixteen volumes of Encyclopaedia University Council Meeting

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of Buddhism to the Vice Chancellor of LBU at a function held at Lotus Research Centre, Lalitpur, on 17th September 2010. Hon. Anurapriyadarshana Yapa has expressed his satisfaction in providing the Encyclopaedia as a gift from his country to the Lumbini Buddhist University. Th e Ambassador of Sri Lanka to Nepal H.E. Th osapala Hewage expressed his desire to support LBU in every possible ways. Th e Vice Chancellor expressed his gratitude to the Sri Lankan Minister and the Ambassador for their valuable gift to the LBU Library. Th e Encyclopaedia of Buddhism has been considered to be a most comprehensive and classic work on Buddhism.

Ph. D. Programme of LBU

Th e fi rst University Council meeting has instituted academic programmes of LBU. Th e programmes include BA PG Diploma, M.A., Ph. D., and other short term programmes. As LBU is dedicated to conduct various academic programmes, the university decided to start with Ph. D. programme. Th e Faculty of Buddhist Studies planned and introduced the programme in July 2010. Twenty fi ve research scholars are permitted for temporary registration for Ph. D. after careful evaluation of submitted research proposals.

List of Ph. D. Candidates and Tentative Titles of Research

Ajay Kranti Shakya - Kathmanduka Bahilaka Shakyahar ko Samskriti ek Adhyayan.Arpan Subedi - Application of Buddhist Philosophy in Contemporary Nepali LiteratureBhesh Nath Sapkota - Human Development in Nepal: A Study of Buddhist PopulationChandrakala Ghimire - gSer Gonpa ka Aniharuko Samajik tatha sanskritik AdhyayanDr. Ankur Baruwa - Protecting Health from Climate Change: Control of Global Warming in Buddhist PerspectiveDr. Durga B. Subedi - Buddhism in Modern Japan 1912-2000Gajendra Kumar Lama - Bouddhanath Area: Study in Historical PerspectiveGopal Dahit - Th aru’s Historical, Social and Cultural Life and BuddhismHarishankar Manandhar - Upatyakaka Bauddha NewarmaPareko Dharma Ko PrabhavHiranya Raj Vajracharya - Mahayana Buddha Dharma ma Bodhisattva Ko AvadharanaJagannath Dhakal - Collection of Fund and Its Utilization in Buddhism.Krishna Gopal Baidar - Buddha Dharmaka Arthik Tatha Darshanik Aadhar

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Madan Gopal Shrestha - Sustainable Migration of Buddhist Population of NepalMadan Ratna Manandhar - A Study of Mahasatipatthana SuttaMahendra Ratna Shakya - Maitreya Bodhisattva in Nepalese Buddhist ArtMatrika Prasad Timsina - Bhotes of Upper Arun Valley: Study of a Buddhist Community Milan Shakya - Practice of Bodhicitta in Mahayana Buddhism from Indo-Tibetan SourcesNarayan Prasad Adhikari - Dhamapada ma Sadachar Sikshya Vivecanatmak AdhyayanPrem Lal Shrestha - Agrani Samajsewi Dayabir Singh Kansakar – Ek AdhyayanPrem Raj Neupane - Nagarjuna Virachita Madhyamakashastra ko Vivechanatmak AdhyayanPurushottam Choudhary - Sociological Study of Infl uence of Buddhism in the Th aru CommunityPurushottam Poudyal - Lokesvara Sataka Ko AdhyayanShanker L Chaudhary - Socio-economic Condition of Kapilvastu on the Basis of Buddhist TextsSharada Poudyal - Kamalasilakrita Prajnaparamitavajrachhedika ko Vislesanatmak Adhyayan.Surendra Ghimire - Teaching in Buddhism: Trends of Vicissitudes in the Teaching Method.

Research Methodology Workshop

A research methodology workshop was organized from 13th to 20th September 2010 for Ph. D. researchers, All the Ph.D. candidates participated in this workshop in which various aspects of research methodology were discussed to train them in modern methods of research. Th e participants also defended their proposals in which resource persons critically analyzed their proposals and provided comments so that they can improve methodology for successful completion of research.

Following experts presented papers on various aspects of research methodology.

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Experts and papers Prof. Shanker Th apa - Writing Research proposalProf. Prem Kumar Khatry - Research Design and Research MethodsProf. Tri Ratna Manandhar - Review of LiteratureProf. Vijay Kumar Manandhar - Format of the Th esis Prof. Khadga Man Shrestha - Research in Buddhism: History and Applied BuddhismDr. Nareshman Vajracharya - Research in Buddhism- Philosophy and Texts

Resource Persons in the Proposal Defense

Prof. Tri Ratna Manandhar, Prof. Khadga Man Shrestha and Prof. Shanker Th apa from Lumbini Buddhist University and Prof. Vijay Kumar Manandhar, Dr. Ramesh K. Dhungel, Dr. Milan Ratna Shakya and Dr. Nareshman Vajracharya from Tribhuvan University participated as resource persons in the proposal defense.

Lumbini Workshop on Curriculum of BA and

MA in Buddhist Studies

As a part of the academic activities of Lumbuni Buddhist University, the university has been planning to introduce BA and MA courses in Buddhist Studies. For this purpose, a workshop was organized from 30th October to 1st November 2010 in Lumbini for a detailed discussion on the draft curriculum. Inaugurated by the Minister of Education, the workshop was participated by forty three scholars on Buddhist Studies including professors from Tribhuvan University, Sanskrit University and Kathmandu University and representatives from Nepal Bauddha Mahasangha, Akhil Nepal Bhikshu Mahasangha, Dharmodaya Sabha, Lotus Academic College and other Buddhist institutions. Professors from the University of Delhi, Banaras Hindu University and Indian Institute of Archaeology and Heritage Conservation also actively participated in the workshop. Th e VC, Registrar,

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Dean, members of the Academic Council and Research Committee and supporting staff were also the participants of the workshop.

Curriculum drafts were thoroughly discussed in the workshop. Th e main purpose of this workshop is to fi nalize teaching subjects and their details in the form of curriculum.

Following experts drafted curriculum on various themes of Buddhist Studies that were thoroughly discussed.

Prof. Shanker Th apa presented draft curriculum of MA fi rst year containing History and Development of Buddhism, Comparative Religion, Philosophy and Literary tradition, History of Buddhism in Nepal, and Research Methodology and Manuscriptology and Textual Criticism.

Prof. Arputa Rani Sengupta presented a draft curriculum on Development of Buddhist Art and Dr. Subodh Shukla presented paper on Pali or Sanskrit languages.

Th e draft curriculum designed for the second year has three specialized streams – Mahayana, Th eravada and Applied Buddhism.

Prof. Bimalendra Kumar presented paper on Th eravada stream that covered the themes such as Advent and Spread of Th eravada Buddhism, Philosophical Tradition, Pali Buddhist Literature, Vinaya and Sutta Pitaka and Abhidhammic Texts

Mr. Min Bahadur Shakya dealt with the Mahayana specialization. Th e themes discussed include Buddhism in East Asia, selected Sanskrit Mahayana text, Buddhist ethics, philosophy, reading Buddhist Sutras in English and origin and development of Vajrayana.

Prof. Anita Sharma prepared curriculum on Applied Buddhism. Th e topics include - Globalization and Relevance of Applied Buddhism, Contemporary Buddhist Movements in Asia, Buddhism in the Western World and Buddhist Ethics.

Dr. Manik Man Bajracharya presented another draft on Applied Buddhism. His presentation on Applied Buddhism include - Concept of Applied/Participants in front of University Building

Inauguration of Workshop

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Engaged Buddhism and its Relevance, Buddhist rituals, Buddhist Economics and Ethics, Environment and Psychology, and Buddhist Jurisprudence and Peace Management

A draft curriculum for B.A. was also presented in the workshop. Dr. Bhadra Ratna Bajracharya drafted the curriculum containing 1500 marks. Th e major divisions of the curriculum structure are -

Compulsory papers (English, Pali, Sanskrit, Tibetan), Core Areas (Origin and Development of Buddhism, Religion and philosophy and Pali and Sanskrit Buddhist Literature), Allied Papers (World religion, Buddhist culture and tradition of Nepal, Anthropology of Nepal, Religions of Nepal, Buddhist Art), and Electives (Th eravada, Mahayana, Vajrayana and Applied Buddhism).

Th is workshop made various suggestions to be incorporated in the rough drafts. LBU has decided to form a panel of experts to consider those suggestions and incorporate them in the fi nal curriculum. Later, fi nal draft will be forwarded to the Academic Council for approval.

MOU with Jinan University, Guangzhou

LBU and Jinan University, Guangzhou, China signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) on 8th October 2010 in Kathmandu. Prof. Jiang Shuzhuo, Vice President of Jinan University and Prof. Tri Ratna Manandhar, Vice Chancellor of Lumbini Buddhist University signed the Memorandum of Understanding. It is the fi rst MOU signed by LBU with any foreign university.

Th e participation of Registrar and Dean in an international seminar in Guangzhou organized by the Institute of Chinindian Studies, Jinan University in December 2009 opened the door for bilateral relations between the two universities. After this event, Jinan University took great interest on LBU because of its religious as well as academic signifi cance. After several rounds of negotiation, terms of MOU were agreed upon by both the parties. For the signing ceremony, a team

comprised of Prof. Jiang Shuzhuo (Vice President), Prof. Zhao Zhong (Social Science Dept.), Prof. Jia Haitao (Director of ICS and Dept. of International Relations) and Mr. Li Lijia (Deputy Director, International Aff airs Offi ce) visited Kathmandu from 5th October to 9th October 2010. Th e signing ceremony was participated by Prof. Tri Ratna Manandhar (Vice Chancellor), Prof. Khadga Man Shrestha (Registrar) Prof. Shanker Th apa (Dean) and Mr. Uddhab Puri from Lumbini Buddhist University. Th e MOU mentions following basic terms and conditions –l. To start exchange programmes in areas of mutual

interest and concern in terms of academic aff airs, including: 1) Exchange of books, teaching materials,

academic data and dissertations, concerning teaching and scientifi c research projects.

2) Joint research activities.3) Sharing opinions and experiences for setting

up scientifi c institutions and laboratories.4) Exchange of faculty members for either long-

term or short-term appointments, research tour and academic programmes in some specialized disciplines.

5) Postgraduate and undergraduate exchange for study or research purposes.

6) Promotion of mutual understanding through exchange of visits.

Orientation Programme

From 1st September 2009, a two-week orientation workshop was organized by LBU in its central offi ce at Siddhartha Nagar, intending to give some thoughts on Buddhism to the interested persons of that area. Fifty-eight persons participated in that programme. Prof. Khadga Man Shrestha, Prof. Shanker Th apa, Mr. Min Bahadur Shakya, Dr. Gitu Giri and Ven. Chandrakirti (Sri Lanka), Phra Narawang Tamang, Chandrakala Ghimire and Indra Kafl e worked as resource persons in the workshop. Th is workshop helped to create awareness among the local intellectuals on Buddhist Studies.

Workshop in Progress

Signing of MOU

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Interaction Programme at Lumbini

Lumbini Buddhist University organized an interaction programme in Lumbini on 25th April 2010. It was attended by the representatives of diff erent monasteries in Lumbini, offi cials of Lumbini Development Trust, Director of LIRI, Chief of Bhairahawa Multiple Campus, and social workers from Lumbini and Devadaha areas.

Addressing the meeting, the Vice Chancellor of LBU explained on the future programmes of the university. Registrar of LBU presented the brief history and activities of the University and the Dean gave a brief picture of academic programmes of the University to be implemented in the future. Th e participants showed up with their interest and concern on the activities of LBU and requested that the academic programmes need to be launched in Lumbini as soon as possible.

International Seminar in Gunagzhou, China

Th e Institute of Chindian Studies of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China organized an international seminar from 26th to 28th December 2009, under the theme: Buddhist Light: Symposium on Buddhism and Sino-Nepal Cultural Linkage. Th e seminar organizing committee invited 3 persons from Lumbini Buddhist University. Finally, Prof. Khadga Man Shrestha (Registrar), Prof. Shanker Th apa (Dean) and Mr. Min Bahadur Shakya (Member, Academic Council and Director of NIEM) participated in the seminar and presented papers on various themes –

Prof. Khadga Man Shrestha : Buddha Light: Sino-Nepal Cultural RelationsProf. Shanker Th apa : Buddhist Sanskrit Manuscripts of Nepal and Expansion of Mahāyāna Buddhism in the North with Special Reference to ChinaMr. Min Bahadur Shakya : Contribution of Arniko in the Development of Buddhist Art in China.

After the Seminar, Prof. Khadga Man Shrestha paid an unoffi cial visit to Japan where he had talks with the President of Komazawa University for bilateral relationship. He also delivered a lecture at Tokyo Metropolitan City Hall on Nepal-Japan Relations in the Conservation of Buddhist Cultural Heritage. Th e programme was organized on the initiation of Dr. Durga Bahadur Subedi, the Deputy Chief of Mission, Embassy of Nepal at Tokyo.

Prof. Shanker Th apa and Mr. Min Bahadur Shakya visited Centre of Buddhist Studies, Hong Kong University after participating in the seminar in Guangzhou. Th ey had discussions with the Director and other Professors of Center of Buddhist Studies on the framing of curriculum for Buddhist Studies.

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Th ese visits to Japan and Hong Kong were initiated by the Registrar and the Dean in their personal expense.

International Seminar in University of Delhi

Th e Department of East Asian Studies, University of Delhi organized an international seminar on Buddhism in East Asia: Traditions, Changes, and Challenges from 12th to 13th February 2010. Prof. Shanker Th apa and Mr. Min Bahadur Shakya participated in the seminar representing Lumbini Buddhist University. Buddhist scholars and historians from India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, China, Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, England, Th e Philippines, Japan USA, Th e Netherlands, Hungary and Germany participated in the seminar and presented thought provoking scholarly papers.

Prof. Th apa presented the paper entitled Literary Resources of Indo-Newar Buddhism in Japan: Contribution of Japanese Buddhist Scholars in the Collection, Study and Preservation of Buddhist Sanskrit Manuscripts of Nepal, whereas Mr. Shakya presented the paper entitled - Great Buddhist Master Buddhabhadra and His Contribution to China.

Participation in the UN Vesak Day 2010

Prof. Tri Ratna Manandhar, visited Mahachulalongkorn Rajavidyalaya University in Th ailand to participate in the United Nations Vesak Day from 23rd to 25th May 2010, as a member of the Nepalese delegation headed by Ven. Dharma Murti. Inaugurated by His Highness the Crown Prince of Th ailand, the ceremony was attended by representatives from various countries of Asia, Europe, and America. Dr. A.T Ariyaratne gave keynote speech in the opening ceremony.

Th e academic attraction of the ceremony was a seminar held on ‘Global Recovery; Th e Buddhist Perspective.’ Divided in fi ve groups, the participants discussed on the various aspects of global recovery through mental well-being, harmonious co-existence, Buddhist ecology and education, and the Engaged Buddhism. Prof. Manandhar also attended the meeting of International Association of Buddhist Universities (IABU) in course of conference

International Conference on Theravada Buddhism

On the invitation of Mahamakut Buddhist University, Th ailand, Prof. Tri Ratna Manandhar, Vice Chancellor of LBU, visited the university to participate in a two-day international conference held

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from 30th September to 1st October 2010 on the theme ‘Th eravada Buddhism in the 21st Century.’ As part of the conference, the VC of LBU also attended the general meeting of the Association of Th eravada Buddhist Universities (ATBU) where he gave a brief introduction to Lumbini Buddhist University. Consequently, LBU is admitted as a member of ATBU. Th e Chairman of ATBU expressed happiness to admit LBU, which is named after the birth place of the Buddha, as a new member of ATBU.

Dr. Keshav Man Shakya presented a paper entitled – ‘Renaissance of Th eravada Buddhism in Nepal: Prospect and Problem’ in the conference. Dr. Anil Shakya (Phra Sugandha) from Nepal was one of the chief organizers of the conference, as the Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences, MBU.

Tentative Syllabus of BA and MA Levels

BA Curriculum (1500 marks) 3 yearsTh e syllabus is divided into four groups:1. Compulsory papers2. Core Areas3. Allied papers4. Elective papers

A. Compulsory papers 1. English2. Languages

a. Palib. Sanskritc. Tibetan

B. Core Areas3. Origin and development of Buddhism4. Religion and Philosophy5. Pali and Sanskrit Buddhist Literature

C. Allied Papers6. Introduction to World religion 7. Buddhist culture and tradition in Nepal8. Anthropology of Nepal9. Religions in Nepal from historical

perspective10. Buddhist Art, Architecture

D. Elective papers11. Th eravada Philosophy and Practices12. Mahayana Philosophy and Practices13. Vajrayana Philosophy and Practices14. Applied Buddhism

MA Curriculum (1000 marks ) 2 years

First Year (500 marks)Core course areas

1. Buddhism: History and Development

2. Comparative Religion 3. Buddhist Philosophy and Literary Tradition4. History of Buddhism in Nepal 5. Development of Buddhist Art 6. Research Methodology 7. Manuscriptology and Textual Criticism 8. Languages - Pali or Sanskrit or Tibetan

Second Year (500 marks)Mahayana stream

1. Buddhism in East Asia 2. Sanskrit Buddhist literature 3. Buddhist Philosophical Th ought 5. Vajrayana – Origin and Development6. Sanskrit/Tibetan Language7. Th esis

Th eravada Stream1. Advent and Spread of Th eravada Buddhism 2. Th eravada Philosophy3. Pali Buddhist Literature4. Vinaya and Suttapitaka 5. Abhidhammic Texts 6. Pali Language7. Th esis

Applied Buddhism Stream1. Globalization and Relevance of Applied

Buddhism 2. Contemporary Buddhist Movements in

Asia 3. Buddhism in the Western World 4. Buddhist Ethics

Buddhist Meditation and RitualsBuddhist Economy and Management Environment and PsychologyBuddhist Jurisprudence and Peace Management

9. Th esis

Lumbini Buddhist University Council

1. Rt. Hon. Prime Minister ChairmanChancellor

2. Hon. Minister of Education Vice Chairman Pro Chancellor 3. Prof. Tri Ratna Manandhar Member Vice Chancellor 4. Hon. Bhim Rawal Member Member, Legislative Parliament 5. Hon. Bal Krishna Khand Member Member, Legislative Parliament 6. Hon. Sarva Dev Ojha Member Member, Legislative Parliament 7. Hon. Hisila Yami Member Member, Legislative Parliament8. Hon. Laxmi Lal Chaudhary Member Member, Legislative Parliament

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9. Prof. Tirtha Raj Khaniya, Member Member, National Planning Commission10. Prof. Madhav Prashad Sharma, Member Vice Chancellor, Tribhuvan University11. Mr. Bidur Paudel, Member Vice Chancellor, Nepal Sanskrit University 12. Mr. Shanker Pandey, Member Secretary, Ministry of Education 13. Mr. Rameswor Prashad Khanal, Member Secretary, Ministry of Finance 14. Mr. Mod Raj Dotel Member Secretary, Ministry of Culture 15. Mr. Arjun Bahadur Bhandari Member Regional Administrator, Western Region,

Pokhara16. Acharya Karma Shyanbo Member Vice Chairman, Lumbini Development Trust 17. Prof. Shanker Th apa Member Dean, Lumbini Buddhist University18. Mr. Hari Krishna Shakya Member Mahendra Morang Campus 19. Mrs. Aang Kandu Sherpa Member Solukhumbu 20. Hon. Ven. Ananda Member Member, Legislative Parliament 21. Dr. Indra Kumari Vajracharya Member Mahendra Ratna Campus, Tahachal 22. Ven. Maitreya Member Lumbini 23. Ms. Jyoti Bhattachan Member Prithvi Narayan Campus, Pokhara 24. Ms. Indira Shahi Member Kalikot25. Mr. Sonam Sundar Lama Member Mugu26. Ms. Pema Wangdel Member Kailali27. Ms. Govindri Aitawal Member Darchula28. Ven. Dhammavati Guruma Member Dharmakirti Vihara, Naghal 29. Ms. Shobha Shakya Member Palpa, Tansen 30. Mrs. Riddhi Baba Pradhan Member Chairperson, Nepal Heritage Society31. Ven. Asvaghosh Mahasthavir Member Sangharam, Bhikshu Training Center 32. Khenpo Ngawang Hosher Lama Member Bauddha33. Ven. Jnanapunnik Mahasthavir Member Vishwa Shanti Vihara, Baneshwar34. Khenpo Gyurme Sulthrim Member Chiarman, Nepal Bauddha Mahansangha

35. Mr. Chheten Guruman Shrestha Member Bauddha 36. Hon. Jip Chhiring Lama Member Dolkha.37. Ms. Sabita Dhakhwa Member Lalitpur38. Prof. Khadga Man Shrestha Member

Registrar Secretary

Executive Council

1. Vice Chancellor Chair2. Dean Member3. Mr. Gajendra Kumar Lama Member4. Registrar Member Secretary

Academic Council

1. Vice Chancellor Chair2. Registrar Member3. Dr. Ranjana Bajracharya Member4. Mr.Min Bahadur Shakya Member5. Dean Member Secretary

Research Committee

1. Dean Chair2. Dr. Ramesh K. Dhungel Member3. Dr. Sanubhai Dongol Member4. Mr. Bed Raj Gyawali Member

Academic and Administrative Staff

Liaison Offi ce, Bhrikuti Mandap1. Mr. Uddhab Puri – Asst. to the VC (Part time)2. Mrs. Chandrakala Ghimire – Lecturer 3. Mrs. Sabina Shrestha – Accountant4. Mrs. Shreejana Shrestha – Administrative

Assistant 5. Mrs. Kamala Sanjel – Administrative Assistant 6. Mr. Krishna Raj Dahal – Administrative

Assistant7. Mr. Suresh Raj Acharya – Administrative

Assistant8. Mr. Shyam Bahadur Maharjan – Driver9. Mrs. Maiya Maharjan – Peon

Central Offi ce, Lumbini

1. Mr. Indra Prasad Kafl e – Lecturer 2. Mrs. Sabita Ghimire – Administrative Assistant3. Mr. Bijaya Singh – Peon

Adviser - Prof. Tri Ratna Manandhar • Editor- Prof. Shanker Thapa • Asst. Editor- Uddhab PuriPublished by Prof. Khadga Man Shrestha for Lumbini Buddhist University, Lumbini, Nepal.

Liaison Offi ce: Bhrikuti Mandap, Kathmandu, Tel: (+977-1) 424 6032