lund rabellotti
TRANSCRIPT
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Emerging Market Mul/na/onals Inves/ng in Europe:
Threat or Opportunity?
Roberta Rabello* Dipar.mento di Scienze Poli.che e Sociali
Università di Pavia Italy
CIRCLE 10th Anniversary Seminar 27th November 2014
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Emerging Market Mul/na/onals (EMNEs) are becoming important investors
• In 2013, EMNEs outward FDI have reached US$ 460 billion, accoun.ng for 39% of global direct investment ouOlows: China, Russia and India are the main players;
• According to some recent predic.ons, this year China’s outward investments would exceed its inward ones.
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A significant share of EMNEs FDIs goes to advanced countries
• In Europe, there are fears that EMNEs companies will simply take over local companies, exploit their technology -‐ and leave without crea.ng las.ng benefits for employment or economic growth;
• But inputs of fresh capital are also welcomed by host countries, especially in these .mes of low growth.
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What do we know about EMNEs? • EMNEs is a very hot topic in the IB literature which has mainly addressed the suitability of the tradi.onal analy.cal framework developed for AMNEs to inves.gate EMNEs;
• There are two main issues on which there is a wide agreement: ① EMNEs ownership advantages are different because
they undertake strategic investments to acquire technologies and capabili.es rather than exploi.ng resources they do already have;
② Mo/va/ons: when they invest in developed countries their mo.va.ons are mainly strategic asset seeking and market seeking.
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What we would like to know more about EMNEs and how innova/on studies could help us?
• Their impact on the host economies: are common concerns about the take and leave a*tude of EMNEs jus.fied, or should FDI from emerging economies be seen in a more posi.ve light? (Giuliani, Gorgoni, Guenther, Rabello*, IBR 2014);
• Their impact on the home economies: are OFDI really having a posi.ve impact on the catch up process of emerging countries from produc.on to innova.on? (Giuliani, Mar.nelli, Rabello*, CIRCLE WP 2014)
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The win-‐win strategy (Giuliani et al, 2014)
• Survey on a sample of local subsidiaries of EMNEs in the industrial machinery and equipment sectors in Italy and Germany, comparing them to a control sample of MNEs subsidiaries from advanced economies;
• A typology of MNE subsidiaries based on – the direc.on of knowledge flows between headquarters and the subsidiary; – the extent to which subsidiaries par.cipate in local innova.on networks;
• We find that the ‘predatory’ behavior of EMNEs does exist in some cases, but we also iden.fy another type of FDI, mainly from EMNEs, that creates mutual benefits for investors and for the economies they invest in;
• EMNEs are more likely to engage in local innova.on networks and create win-‐win situa.ons of mutual learning than MNEs from advanced economies;
• To maximize benefits from EMNEs FDI, policy-‐makers in Europe should facilitate networking among these investors and local actors involved in innova.on, such as local companies and universi.es.
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Collabora/on between Emerging Country Firms and EU inventors (Giuliani et al, 2014)
• Focus on Brazil, India and China (BIC) firms involved in cross-‐border inven.ons (i.e. patents whose inven.ve teams are composed by BIC inventors and at least one EU-‐27 inventor);
• Cross-‐border inven.ons between BIC firms and EU actors are growing, though s.ll small in absolute numbers;
• Cross-‐border inven.ons are more valuable than domes.c ones: they receive a higher number of cita.ons and they have a higher impact on the genera.on of subsequent innova.ons across a large variety of technological fields.
• Therefore, they represent an opportunity for BIC firms to accumulate technological capabili.es and access fron.er knowledge;
• BIC MNEs benefit more from interna.onal collabora.ons than BIC domes.c firms: MNEs are more capable to minimize coordina.on costs and combine the skills of diverse inventors around the globe.
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Research in progress
• Acquisi.ons of EU-‐27 companies by BRICS + T(urkey) MNEs: – Impact on the paten.ng ac.vity of the acquired companies; – Impact on the paten.ng ac.vity of the acquiring BRICS + T MNEs.
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THANK YOU
robertarabello*.it