LUTHERANISM CALVINISM ANGLICANISM

FOUNDER

PLACE OF ORIGIN

CHARACTERISTICS

SPREAD

Isabel Torralbo

LUTHERANISM CALVINISM ANGLICANISM

FOUNDER

LUTHER JOHN CALVIN HENRY VIII

PLACE OF ORIGIN

WITTEMBERG

(GERMANY)

SWITZERLAND ENGLAND

CHARACTERISTICS

-Saved by Faith

- No saints

-Two sacraments

-Individual read of

the Bible

- No infability of the

Pope

- Predestination

- Depravation of

men

- King head of the

Church

- Quite similar to

Catholicism

SPREAD

North Europe Switzerland – Low

Countries – France -

Scotland

England

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REFORMATION: RELIGIOUS BREAKDOWN

IN EUROPE

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WHAT DO YOU REMEMBER ABOUT THE CHURCH

IN WESTERN EUROPE????

Catholic (Orthodox in Eastern Europe)

Powerful

Involved in almost every aspect of people´s lives

Involved in political decisions

Rich; people paid taxes to the Church

Loss of faith?

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CAUSES OF REFORMATION:

-POPE AND CLERY LOSE THEIR PRESTIGE

-Prioritized power and politics over

spirituality/religion

-Immorality, hypocrisy

-ABUSES OF POWER

-Clergy and nobles were often from

the same families

-Clerical positions often bought ($$$)

The crisis in the Church: The Reformation and

the Counter-Reformation

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MARTIN LUTHER

- Agustinian monk

- Teacher University of

-Wittenberg: 95 Theses

- INDULGENCES

- 1521 Ex-communicated

- Protected by a German Prince

(Frederick the Wise)

- Translates the Bible into

German! Printing Press

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LUTHERAN REFORMATION

In your notebook:

Who? Started by Martin Luther, an Augustinian monk.

What? A movement opposing the Catholic Church’s sale of indulgences.

Where? Wittenberg, Germany

When? 1517

Why? People lose faith in the Catholic Church.

Politics Holy Roman Empire

How? Luther nails 95 Theses to the door of the church in Wittenberg.

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95 THESES

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Luther before the Diet of Worms

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WHAT WERE LUTHER’S BELIEFS?

Luther’s main complaint: the sale of indulgences (he thought you could be saved by faith alone, not by money).

Other beliefs:

Anybody (not just priests) can interpret the Bible

The Pope is not infallible

Saved by faith

Only 2 valid sacraments (baptism and communion), abolition of cults

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WHAT HAPPENS NEXT IN WESTERN EUROPE?

Calvinism

Founded by John Calvin.

Doctrine based on predestination (people are

condemned or saved before they are born)

Began in Geneva and spread through the Low

Countries, some French regions and the British Isles.

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German Peasant’s War (1524-1525)

Anglican Church (begins 1533)

King Henry VIII wanted to divorced his wife Catherina of

Aragon to marry another women.

The Pope did not grant him a divorce.

He decided to create his own Church (Anglican C.)

The king would be the head of this Church.

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COUNTER-REFORMATION

Council of Trent

Society of Jesus (Jesuits)

30 Years War (1618-1648) – Unit 9 – Catholic

Emperor against Protestant Princes

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CATHOLICISM VS PROTESTANTISM

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CHRISTIANITY TODAY

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REFORMATION QUIZ

http://www.ducksters.com/history/reformation

_questions.php

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CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMANISM •What is humanism? It was a cultural and intellectual movement which

developed in the 15th century and begining of 16th.

•Focused on the human being (instead of on God as it was in the Medieval culture): They studied human thougth, human anatomy…

•Inspired by Antiquity (Greek and Roman Philosophy, culture and art)

•Defended the search for truth through reason and experience defending the value of personal reflection.

•Curious about everything. They were usually scholars in many disciplines. (Ex. L. Da Vinci)

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Isabel Torralbo