lyrical ballads 1800 vol 1 - the project gutenberg

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The Project Gutenberg EBook of Lyrical Ballads, With Other Poems, 1!!"ol# $#, by William Words%orth &' in our series by William Words%orth

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Title7 Lyrical Ballads, With Other Poems, 1!!, "ol# $#

8uthor7 William Words%orth

elease +ate7 3e)tember, 9!!: ;EBook &4!:< ;-es, %e are more than oneyear ahead of schedule< ;This file %as first )osted on 8ugust 9', 9!!'TE?BEG EBOO@ L-$(8LB8LL8+3, "OL# $ ...

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LYRICAL BALLADS,

WITH OTHER POEMS.

IN TWO VOLUMES.

1!!

By W# WO+3WOT2#

Auam nihil ad genium, Pa)iniane, tuum6

VOL. I.

SECOND EDITION.

CONTENTS.

E0)ostulation and e)ly The Tables turned an E*ening 3cene, on the same subject 8nimal TranCuillity and +ecay, a 3ketch The (om)laint of a forsaken $ndian Woman The Last of the /lock Lines left u)on a 3eat in a -e%Dtree %hich stands near the Lake of Esth%aite The /osterDotherFs Tale Goody Blake and 2arry Gill The Thorn We are 3e*en 8necdote for /athers

Lines %ritten at a small distance from my 2ouse and sent me by my little Boy to the Person to %hom they are addressed The /emale "agrant The +ungeon 3imon Lee, the old 2untsman Lines %ritten in early 3)ring The ?ightingale, %ritten in 8)ril, 154# Lines %ritten %hen sailing in a Boat at E*ening Lines %ritten near ichmond, u)on the Thames The $diot Boy Lo*e The ad other


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The 8ncient ariner Lines %ritten abo*e Tintern 8bbey

PREFACE.

The /irst "olume of these Poems has already been submitted to general)erusal# $t %as )ublished, as an e0)eriment %hich, $ ho)ed, might be of someuse to ascertain, ho% far, by fitting to metrical arrangement a selection of thereal language of men in a state of *i*id sensation, that sort of )leasure and thatCuantity of )leasure may be im)arted, %hich a Poet may rationally endea*ourto im)art#

$ had formed no *ery inaccurate estimate of the )robable effect of thosePoems7 $ flattered myself that they %ho should be )leased %ith them %ouldread them %ith more than common )leasure7 and on the other hand $ %as %ella%are that by those %ho should dislike them they %ould be read %ith morethan common dislike# The result has differed from my e0)ectation in this only,that $ ha*e )leased a greater number, than $ *entured to ho)e $ should )lease#

/or the sake of *ariety and from a consciousness of my o%n %eakness $ %as

induced to reCuest the assistance of a /riend, %ho furnished me %ith thePoems of the 8?($E?T 8$?E, the /O3TEDOT2EF3 T8LE, the?$G2T$?G8LE, the +>?GEO?, and the Poem entitled LO"E# $ should not,ho%e*er, ha*e reCuested this assistance, had $ not belie*ed that the )oems ofmy /riend %ould in a great measure ha*e the same tendency as my o%n, andthat, though there %ould be found a difference, there %ould be found nodiscordance in the colours of our style as our o)inions on the subject of

)oetry do almost entirely coincide#

3e*eral of my /riends are an0ious for the success of these Poems from a

belief, that if the *ie%s, %ith %hich they %ere com)osed, %ere indeedrealied, a class of Poetry %ould be )roduced, %ell ada)ted to interestmankind )ermanently, and not unim)ortant in the multi)licity and in theCuality of its moral relations7 and on this account they ha*e ad*ised me to

)refi0 a systematic defence of the theory, u)on %hich the )oems %ere %ritten#But $ %as un%illing to undertake the task, because $ kne% that on thisoccasion the eader %ould look coldly u)on my arguments, since $ might besus)ected of ha*ing been )rinci)ally influenced by the selfish and foolishho)e of reasoninghim into an a))robation of these )articular Poems7 and $%as still more un%illing to undertake the task, because adeCuately to dis)laymy o)inions and fully to enforce my arguments %ould reCuire a s)ace %holly


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dis)ro)ortionate to the nature of a )reface# /or to treat the subject %ith theclearness and coherence, of %hich $ belie*e it susce)tible, it %ould benecessary to gi*e a full account of the )resent state of the )ublic taste in thiscountry, and to determine ho% far this taste is healthy or de)ra*ed %hichagain could not be determined, %ithout )ointing out, in %hat manner languageand the human mind act and react on each other, and %ithout retracing there*olutions not of literature alone but like%ise of society itself# $ ha*etherefore altogether declined to enter regularly u)on this defence yet $ amsensible, that there %ould be some im)ro)riety in abru)tly obtruding u)on thePublic, %ithout a fe% %ords of introduction, Poems so materially differentfrom those, u)on %hich general a))robation is at )resent besto%ed#

$t is su))osed, that by the act of %riting in *erse an 8uthor makes a formalengagement that he %ill gratify certain kno%n habits of association, that he

not only thus a))ries the eader that certain classes of ideas and e0)ressions%ill be found in his book, but that others %ill be carefully e0cluded# Thise0)onent or symbol held forth by metrical language must in different aeras ofliterature ha*e e0cited *ery different e0)ectations7 for e0am)le, in the age of(atullus Terence and Lucretius, and that of 3tatius or (laudian, and in ouro%n country, in the age of 3hakes)eare and Beaumont and /letcher, and thatof +onne and (o%ley, or +ryden, or Po)e# $ %ill not take u)on me todetermine the e0act im)ort of the )romise %hich by the act of %riting in *ersean 8uthor in the )resent day makes to his eader but $ am certain it %illa))ear to many )ersons that $ ha*e not fulfilled the terms of an engagement

thus *oluntarily contracted# $ ho)e therefore the eader %ill not censure me, if$ attem)t to state %hat $ ha*e )ro)osed to myself to )erform, and also, Has faras the limits of a )reface %ill )ermitI to e0)lain some of the chief reasons%hich ha*e determined me in the choice of my )ur)ose7 that at least he may

be s)ared any un)leasant feeling of disa))ointment, and that $ myself may be)rotected from the most dishonorable accusation %hich can be brought againstan 8uthor, namely, that of an indolence %hich )re*ents him fromendea*ouring to ascertain %hat is his duty, or, %hen his duty is ascertained

)re*ents him from )erforming it#

The )rinci)al object then %hich $ )ro)osed to myself in these Poems %as tomake the incidents of common life interesting by tracing in them, truly thoughnot ostentatiously, the )rimary la%s of our nature7 chiefly as far as regards themanner in %hich %e associate ideas in a state of e0citement# Lo% and rusticlife %as generally chosen because in that situation the essential )assions of theheart find a better soil in %hich they can attain their maturity, are less underrestraint, and s)eak a )lainer and more em)hatic language because in thatsituation our elementary feelings e0ist in a state of greater sim)licity andconseCuently may be more accurately contem)lated and more forcibly

communicated because the manners of rural life germinate from thoseelementary feelings and from the necessary character of rural occu)ations are


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more easily com)rehended and are more durable and lastly, because in thatsituation the )assions of men are incor)orated %ith the beautiful and

)ermanent forms of nature# The language too of these men is ado)ted H)urifiedindeed from %hat a))ear to be its real defects, from all lasting and rationalcauses of dislike or disgustI because such men hourly communicate %ith the

best objects from %hich the best )art of language is originally deri*ed andbecause, from their rank in society and the sameness and narro% circle of theirintercourse, being less under the action of social *anity they con*ey theirfeelings and notions in sim)le and unelaborated e0)ressions# 8ccordinglysuch a language arising out of re)eated e0)erience and regular feelings is amore )ermanent and a far more )hiloso)hical language than that %hich isfreCuently substituted for it by Poets, %ho think that they are conferringhonour u)on themsel*es and their art in )ro)ortion as they se)aratethemsel*es from the sym)athies of men, and indulge in arbitrary and

ca)ricious habits of e0)ression in order to furnish food for fickle tastes andfickle a))etites of their o%n creation#;1nla%ful, e*er# O, be %iser thou6 $nstructed that true kno%ledge leads to lo*e, True dignity abides %ith him alone

Who, in the silent hour of in%ard thought, (an still sus)ect, and still re*ere himself, $n lo%liness of heart#

T2E /O3TEDOT2EF3 T8LE# A #arration in +ramatic Blan 2erse#

But that entrance, other6

FOSTER-MOTHER.


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(an no one hear $t is a )erilous tale6

MARIA.

?o one#

FOSTER-MOTHER.

y husbandFs father told it me, Poor old Leoni6K8ngels rest his soul6 2e %as a %oodman, and could fell and sa% With lusty arm# -ou kno% that huge round beam Which )ro)s the hanging %all of the old cha)el Beneath that tree, %hile yet it %as a tree 2e found a baby %ra)t in mosses, lined

With thistle beards, and such small locks of %ool 8s hang on brambles# Well, he brought him home, 8nd reared him at the then Lord "eleF cost# 8nd so the babe gre% u) a )retty boy, 8 )retty boy, but most unteachableK 8nd ne*er learnt a )rayer, nor told a bead# But kne% the names of birds, and mocked their notes, 8nd %histled, as he %ere a bird himself7 8nd all the autumn Ft%as his only )lay To get the seeds of %ild flo%ers, and to )lant them With earth and %ater, on the stum)s of trees# 8 /riar, %ho gathered sim)les in the %ood, 8 greyDhaired manKhe lo*ed this little boy, The boy lo*ed himKand, %hen the /riar taught him, 2e soon could %rite %ith the )en7 and from that time, Li*ed chiefly at the (on*ent or the (astle# 3o he became a *ery learned youth# But Oh6 )oor %retch6Khe read, and read, and read, Till his brain turnedKand ere his t%entieth year,

2e had unla%ful thoughts of many things7 8nd though he )rayed, he ne*er lo*ed to )ray With holy men, nor in a holy )laceK But yet his s)eech, it %as so soft and s%eet, The late Lord "ele neFer %as %earied %ith him# 8nd once, as by the north side of the (ha)el They stood together, chained in dee) discourse, The earth hea*ed under them %ith such a groan, That the %all tottered, and had %ellDnigh fallen ight on their heads# y Lord %as sorely frightened

8 fe*er seied him, and he made confession Of all the heretical and la%less talk


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Which brought this judgment7 so the youth %as seied 8nd cast into that cell# y husbandFs father 3obbed like a childKit almost broke his heart7 8nd once as he %as %orking in the cellar, 2e heard a *oice distinctly Ft%as the youthFs Who sang a doleful song about green fields, 2o% s%eet it %ere on lake or %ild sa*annah, To hunt for food, and be a naked man, 8nd %ander u) and do%n at liberty# Leoni doted on the youth, and no% 2is lo*e gre% des)erate and defying death, 2e made that cunning entrance $ described7 8nd the young man esca)ed#

MARIA.

FTis a s%eet tale# 8nd %hat became of him

FOSTER-MOTHER.

2e %ent on shi)Dboard With those bold *oyagers, %ho made disco*ery Of golden lands# LeoniFs younger brother Went like%ise, and %hen he returned to 3)ain, 2e told Leoni, that the )oor mad youth, 3oon after they arri*ed in that ne% %orld, $n s)ite of his dissuasion, seied a boat, 8nd all alone, set sail by silent moonlight >) a great ri*er, great as any sea, 8nd neFer %as heard of more7 but Ftis su))osed, 2e li*ed and died among the sa*age men#

GOO+- BL8@E J 28- G$LL,

A TRUE STORY,

Oh6 %hatFs the matter %hatFs the matter What isFt that ails young 2arry Gill That e*ermore his teeth they chatter, (hatter, chatter, chatter still#

Of %aistcoats 2arry has no lack, Good duffle grey, and flannel fine


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2e has a blanket on his back, 8nd coats enough to smother nine#

$n arch, +ecember, and in =uly, FTis all the same %ith 2arry Gill The neighbours tell, and tell you truly, 2is teeth they chatter, chatter still# 8t night, at morning, and at noon, FTis all the same %ith 2arry Gill Beneath the sun, beneath the moon, 2is teeth they chatter, chatter still#

-oung 2arry %as a lusty dro*er, 8nd %ho so stout of limb as he

2is cheeks %ere red as ruddy clo*er, 2is *oice %as like the *oice of three# 8uld Goody Blake %as old and )oor, $ll fed she %as, and thinly clad 8nd any man %ho )assFd her door, ight see ho% )oor a hut she had#

8ll day she s)un in her )oor d%elling, 8nd then her three hoursF %ork at night6 8las6 Ft%as hardly %orth the telling,

$t %ould not )ay for candleDlight# KThis %oman d%elt in +orsetshire, 2er hut %as on a cold hillDside, 8nd in that country coals are dear, /or they come far by %ind and tide#

By the same fire to boil their )ottage, T%o )oor old dames as $ ha*e kno%n, Will often li*e in one small cottage, But she, )oor %oman, d%elt alone# FT%as %ell enough %hen summer came, The long, %arm, lightsome summerDday, Then at her door the cantydame Would sit, as any linnet gay#

But %hen the ice our streams did fetter, Oh6 then ho% her old bones %ould shake6 -ou %ould ha*e said, if you had met her, FT%as a hard time for Goody Blake#

2er e*enings then %ere dull and dead 3ad case it %as, as you may think,


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/or *ery cold to go to bed, 8nd then for cold not slee) a %ink#

Oh joy for her6 %heneFer in %inter The %inds at night had made a rout, 8nd scatterFd many a lusty s)linter, 8nd many a rotten bough about# -et ne*er had she, %ell or sick, 8s e*ery man %ho kne% her says, 8 )ile before hand, %ood or stick, Enough to %arm her for three days#

?o% %hen the frost %as )ast enduring, 8nd made her )oor old bones to ache,

(ould any thing be more alluring, Than an old hedge to Goody Blake 8nd no% and then, it must be said, When her old bones %ere cold and chill, 3he left her fire, or left her bed, To seek the hedge of 2arry Gill#

?o% 2arry he had long sus)ected This tres)ass of old Goody Blake, 8nd *o%Fd that she should be detected,

8nd he on her %ould *engeance take# 8nd oft from his %arm fire heFd go, 8nd to the fields his road %ould take, 8nd there, at night, in frost and sno%, 2e %atchFd to seie old Goody Blake#

8nd once, behind a rick of barley, Thus looking out did 2arry stand The moon %as full and shining clearly, 8nd cris) %ith frost the stubble land#

K2e hears a noiseKheFs all a%akeK 8gainKon ti)Dtoe do%n the hill 2e softly cree)sKFTis Goody Blake, 3heFs at the hedge of 2arry Gill#

ight glad %as he %hen he beheld her 3tick after stick did Goody )ull, 2e stood behind a bush of elder, Till she had filled her a)ron full#

When %ith her load she turned about, The byeDroad back again to take,


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2e started for%ard %ith a shout, 8nd s)rang u)on )oor Goody Blake#

8nd fiercely by the arm he took her, 8nd by the arm he held her fast, 8nd fiercely by the arm he shook her, 8nd cried, $F*e caught you then at last6 Then Goody, %ho had nothing said, 2er bundle from her la) let fall 8nd kneeling on the sticks, she )rayFd To God that is the judge of all#

3he )rayFd, her %itherFd hand u)rearing, While 2arry held her by the armK

God6 %ho art ne*er out of hearing, O may he ne*er more be %arm6 The cold, cold moon abo*e her head, Thus on her knees did Goody )ray, -oung 2arry heard %hat she had said 8nd icyDcold he turned a%ay#

2e %ent com)laining all the morro% That he %as cold and *ery chill7 2is face %as gloom, his heart %as sorro%,

8las6 that day for 2arry Gill6 That day he %ore a ridingDcoat, But not a %hit the %armer he7 8nother %as on Thursday brought, 8nd ere the 3abbath he had three#

FT%as all in *ain, a useless matter, 8nd blankets %ere about him )innFd -et still his ja%s and teeth they clatter, Like a loose casement in the %ind# 8nd 2arryFs flesh it fell a%ay 8nd all %ho see him say Ftis )lain, That, li*e as long as li*e he may, 2e ne*er %ill be %arm again#

?o %ord to any man he utters, 8Dbed or u), to young or old But e*er to himself he mutters, Poor 2arry Gill is *ery cold#

8Dbed or u), by night or day 2is teeth they chatter, chatter still#


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?o% think, ye farmers all, $ )ray, Of Goody Blake and 2arry Gill#

THE THORN.

I.

There is a thorn it looks so old, $n truth youFd find it hard to say, 2o% it could e*er ha*e been young, $t looks so old and grey# ?ot higher than a t%o yearsF child

$t stands erect this aged thorn ?o lea*es it has, no thorny )oints $t is a mass of knotted joints, 8 %retched thing forlorn# $t stands erect, and like a stone With lichens it is o*ergro%n#

II.

Like rock or stone, it is oFergro%n With lichens to the *ery to), 8nd hung %ith hea*y tufts of moss, 8 melancholy cro)7 >) from the earth these mosses cree), 8nd this )oor thorn6 they clas) it round 3o close, youFd say that they %ere bent With )lain and manifest intent, To drag it to the ground 8nd all had joinFd in one endea*our

To bury this )oor thorn for e*er#

III.

2igh on a mountainFs highest ridge, Where oft the stormy %inter gale (uts like a scythe, %hile through the clouds $t s%ee)s from *ale to *ale ?ot fi*e yards from the mountainD)ath,

This thorn you on your left es)y 8nd to the left, three yards beyond,


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-ou see a little muddy )ond Of %ater, ne*er dry $F*e measured it from side to side7 FTis three feet long, and t%o feet %ide#

IV.

8nd close beside this aged thorn, There is a fresh and lo*ely sight, 8 beauteous hea), a hill of moss, =ust half a foot in height# 8ll lo*ely colours there you see, 8ll colours that %ere e*er seen, 8nd mossy net%ork too is there, 8s if by hand of lady fair The %ork had %o*en been, 8nd cu)s, the darlings of the eye, 3o dee) is their *ermillion dye#

V.

8h me6 %hat lo*ely tints are there6 Of oli*e green and scarlet bright,

$n s)ikes, in branches, and in stars, Green, red, and )early %hite# This hea) of earth oFergro%n %ith moss, Which close beside the thorn you see, 3o fresh in all its beauteous dyes, $s like an infantFs gra*e in sie 8s like as like can be7 But ne*er, ne*er any %here, 8n infantFs gra*e %as half so fair#

VI.

?o% %ould you see this aged thorn, This )ond and beauteous hill of moss, -ou must take care and chuse your time The mountain %hen to cross# /or oft there sits, bet%een the hea) ThatFs like an infantFs gra*e in sie

8nd that same )ond of %hich $ s)oke, 8 %oman in a scarlet cloak,


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8nd to herself she cries, Oh misery6 oh misery6 Oh %oe is me6 oh misery6

VII.

8t all times of the day and night This %retched %oman thither goes, 8nd she is kno%n to e*ery star, 8nd e*ery %ind that blo%s 8nd there beside the thorn she sits When the blue dayDlightFs in the skies, 8nd %hen the %hirl%indFs on the hill, Or frosty air is keen and still, 8nd to herself she cries, Oh misery6 oh misery6 Oh %oe is me6 oh misery

VIII.

?o% %herefore thus, by day and night, $n rain, in tem)est, and in sno% Thus to the dreary mountainDto)

+oes this )oor %oman go 8nd %hy sits she beside the thorn When the blue dayDlightFs in the sky, Or %hen the %hirl%indFs on the hill, Or frosty air is keen and still, 8nd %herefore does she cryK Oh %herefore %herefore tell me %hy +oes she re)eat that doleful cry

IX.

$ cannot tell $ %ish $ could /or the true reason no one kno%s, But if youFd gladly *ie% the s)ot, The s)ot to %hich she goes The hea) thatFs like an infantFs gra*e, The )ondKand thorn, so old and grey# Pass by her doorKtis seldom shutK

8nd if you see her in her hut, Then to the s)ot a%ay6K


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$ ne*er heard of such as dare 8))roach the s)ot %hen she is there#

X.

But %herefore to the mountainDto), (an this unha))y %oman go, Whate*er star is in the skies, Whate*er %ind may blo% ?ay rack your brainKFtis all in *ain, $Fll tell you e*ery thing $ kno% But to the thorn and to the )ond Which is a little ste) beyond, $ %ish that you %ould go7 Perha)s %hen you are at the )lace -ou something of her tale may trace#

XI.

$Fll gi*e you the best hel) $ can7 Before you u) the mountain go, >) to the dreary mountainDto), $Fll tell you all $ kno%#

FTis no% some t%o and t%enty years, 3ince she Hher name is artha ayI Ga*e %ith a maidenFs true good %ill 2er com)any to 3te)hen 2ill 8nd she %as blithe and gay, 8nd she %as ha))y, ha))y still WheneFer she thought of 3te)hen 2ill#

XII.

8nd they had fi0Fd the %eddingDday, The morning that must %ed them both But 3te)hen to another maid 2ad s%orn another oath 8nd %ith this other maid to church >nthinking 3te)hen %entK Poor artha6 on that %oful day 8 cruel, cruel fire, they say,

$nto her bones %as sent7


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$t dried her body like a cinder, 8nd almost turnFd her brain to tinder#

XII.

They say, full si0 months after this, While yet the summer lea*es %ere green, 3he to the mountainDto) %ould go, 8nd there %as often seen# FTis said, a child %as in her %omb, 8s no% to any eye %as )lain 3he %as %ith child, and she %as mad, -et often she %as sober sad /rom her e0ceeding )ain# Oh me6 ten thousand times $Fd rather, That he had died, that cruel father6

XIV.

3ad case for such a brain to hold (ommunion %ith a stirring child6 3ad case, as you may think, for one Who had a brain so %ild6

Last (hristmas %hen %e talked of this, Old /armer 3im)son did maintain, That in her %omb the infant %rought 8bout its motherFs heart, and brought 2er senses back again7 8nd %hen at last her time dre% near, 2er looks %ere calm, her senses clear#

XV.

?o more $ kno%, $ %ish $ did, 8nd $ %ould tell it all to you /or %hat became of this )oor child ThereFs none that e*er kne%7 8nd if a child %as born or no, ThereFs no one that could e*er tell 8nd if Ft%as born ali*e or dead, ThereFs no one kno%s, as $ ha*e said,

But some remember %ell,


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That artha ay about this time Would u) the mountain often climb#

XVI.

8nd all that %inter, %hen at night The %ind ble% from the mountainD)eak, FT%as %orth your %hile, though in the dark, The churchDyard )ath to seek7 /or many a time and oft %ere heard (ries coming from the mountainDhead, 3ome )lainly li*ing *oices %ere, 8nd others, $F*e heard many s%ear, Were *oices of the dead7 $ cannot think, %hateFer they say, They had to do %ith artha ay#

XVII.

But that she goes to this old thorn, The thorn %hich $F*e described to you, 8nd there sits in a scarlet cloak, $ %ill be s%orn is true#

/or one day %ith my telesco)e, To *ie% the ocean %ide and bright, When to this country first $ came, Ere $ had heard of arthaFs name, $ climbed the mountainFs height7 8 storm came on, and $ could see ?o object higher than my knee#

XVIII.

FT%as mist and rain, and storm and rain, ?o screen, no fence could $ disco*er, 8nd then the %ind6 in faith, it %as 8 %ind full ten times o*er# 2ooked around, $ thought $ sa% 8 jutting crag, and off $ ran, 2eadDforemost, through the dri*ing rain, The shelter of the crag to gain,

8nd, as $ am a man,


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$nstead of jutting crag, $ found 8 %oman seated on the ground#

XIX.

$ did not s)eakK$ sa% her face, $n truth it %as enough for me $ turned about and heard her cry, O misery6 O misery6 8nd there she sits, until the moon Through half the clear blue sky %ill go, 8nd %hen the little breees make The %aters of the )ond to shake, 8s all the country kno% 3he shudders, and you hear her cry, Oh misery6 oh misery6

XX.

But %hatFs the thorn and %hatFs the )ond 8nd %hatFs the hill of moss to her 8nd %hatFs the cree)ing breee that comes The little )ond to stir

$ cannot tell but some %ill say 3he hanged her baby on the tree, 3ome say she dro%ned it in the )ond, Which is a little ste) beyond, But all and each agree, The little babe %as buried there, Beneath that hill of moss so fair#

XXI.

$F*e heard, the moss is s)otted red With dro)s of that )oor infantFs blood But kill a ne%Dborn infant thus6 $ do not think she could# 3ome say, if to the )ond you go, 8nd fi0 on it a steady *ie%, The shado% of a babe you trace, 8 baby and a babyFs face,

8nd that it looks at you


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WheneFer you look on it, Ftis )lain The baby looks at you again#

XXII.

8nd some had s%orn an oath that she 3hould be to )ublic justice brought 8nd for the little infantFs bones With s)ades they %ould ha*e sought# But then the beauteous bill of moss Before their eyes began to stir 8nd for full fifty yards around, The grass it shook u)on the ground But all do still a*er The little babe is buried there# Beneath that hill of moss so fair#

XXIII.

$ cannot tell ho% this may be, But )lain it is, the thorn is bound With hea*y tufts of moss, that stri*e To drag it to the ground#

8nd this $ kno%, full many a time, When she %as on the mountain high, By day, and in the silent night When all the stars shone clear and bright, That $ ha*e heard her cry, Oh misery6 oh misery6 O %oe is me6 oh misery6

WE ARE SEVEN.

8 sim)le child, dear brother =im, That lightly dra%s its breath, 8nd feels its life in e*ery limb, What should it kno% of death

$ met a little cottage girl, 3he %as eight years old, she said

2er hair %as thick %ith many a curl That clusterFd round her head#


38/106

3he had a rustic, %oodland air, 8nd she %as %ildly clad 2er eyes %ere fair, and *ery fair, K2er beauty made me glad#

3isters and brothers, little maid, 2o% many may you be 2o% many se*en in all, she said, 8nd %ondering looked at me#

8nd %here are they, $ )ray you tell 3he ans%ered, 3e*en are %e, 8nd t%o of us at (on%ay d%ell, 8nd t%o are gone to sea#

T%o of us in the churchDyard lie, y sister and my brother, 8nd in the churchDyard cottage, $ +%ell near them %ith my mother#

-ou say that t%o at (on%ay d%ell, 8nd t%o are gone to sea, -et you are se*en $ )ray you tell 3%eet aid, ho% this may be

Then did the little aid re)ly, 3e*en boys and girls are %e T%o of us in the churchDyard lie, Beneath the churchDyard tree#

-ou run about, my little maid, -our limbs they are ali*e $f t%o are in the churchDyard laid, Then ye are only fi*e#

Their gra*es are green, they may be seen, The little aid re)lied, T%el*e ste)s or more from my motherFs door, 8nd they are side by side#

y stockings there $ often knit, y Fkerchief there $ hem 8nd there u)on the ground $ sitK $ sit and sing to them#


39/106

8nd often after sunset, 3ir, When it is light and fair, $ take my little )orringer, 8nd eat my su))er there#

The first that died %as little =ane $n bed she moaning lay, Till God released her of her )ain, 8nd then she %ent a%ay#

3o in the churchDyard she %as laid, 8nd all the summer dry, Together round her gra*e %e )layed, y brother =ohn and $#

8nd %hen the ground %as %hite %ith sno%, 8nd $ could run and slide, y brother =ohn %as forced to go, 8nd he lies by her side#

2o% many are you then, said $, $f they t%o are in 2ea*en The little aiden did re)ly, O aster6 %e are se*en#

But they are dead those t%o are dead6 Their s)irits are in hea*en6 FT%as thro%ing %ords a%ay for still The little aid %ould ha*e her %ill, 8nd said, ?ay, %e are se*en6

A#,+3% for 4A%0&!" !hewing how the practice of $ying may be taught.

$ ha*e a boy of fi*e years old, 2is face is fair and fresh to see 2is limbs are cast in beautyFs mould, 8nd dearly he lo*es me#

One morn %e strollFd on our dry %alk, Our Cuiet house all full in *ie%,

8nd held such intermitted talk 8s %e are %ont to do#


40/106

y thoughts on former )leasures ran $ thought of @il*eFs delightful shore, y )leasant home, %hen 3)ring began, 8 long, long year before#

8 day it %as %hen $ could bear To think, and think, and think again With so much ha))iness to s)are, $ could not feel a )ain#

y boy %as by my side, so slim 8nd graceful in his rustic dress6 8nd oftentimes $ talked to him $n *ery idleness#

The young lambs ran a )retty race The morning sun shone bright and %arm @il*e, said $, %as a )leasant )lace, 8nd so is Lis%yn farm#

y little boy, %hich like you more, $ said and took him by the armK Our home by @il*eFs delightful shore, Or here at Lis%yn farm

8nd tell me, had you rather be, $ said and heldDhim by the arm, 8t @il*eFs smooth shore by the green sea, Or here at Lis%yn farm

$n careless mood he looked at me, While still $ held him by the arm, 8nd said, 8t @il*e $Fd rather be Than here at Lis%yn farm#

?o%, little Ed%ard, say %hy so y little Ed%ard, tell me %hy $ cannot tell, $ do not kno%# Why this is strange, said $#

/or, here are %oods and green hills %arm7 There surely must some reason be Why you %ould change s%eet Lis%yn farm, /or @il*e by the green sea#


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8t this, my boy hung do%n his head, 2e blushFd %ith shame, nor made re)ly 8nd fi*e times to the child $ said, Why, Ed%ard, tell me, %hy

2is head he raisedKthere %as in sight, $t caught his eye, he sa% it )lainK >)on the houseDto), glittering bright, 8 broad and gilded *ane#

Then did the boy his tongue unlock, 8nd thus to me he made re)ly 8t @il*e there %as no %eatherDcock, 8nd thatFs the reason %hy#

Oh dearest, dearest boy6 my heart /or better lore %ould seldom yearn (ould $ but teach the hundredth )art Of %hat from thee $ learn#

$I#!

-ritten at a small distance from my 0ouse" and sent by

my little boy to the person to whom they are addressed.

$t is the first mild day of arch7 Each minute s%eeter than before, The redDbreast sings from the tall larch That stands beside our door#

There is a blessing in the air, Which seems a sense of joy to yield To the bare trees, and mountains bare, 8nd grass in the green field#

y 3ister6 HFtis a %ish of mineI ?o% that our morning meal is done, ake haste, your morning task resign (ome forth and feel the sun#

Ed%ard %ill come %ith you, and )ray, Put on %ith s)eed your %oodland dress,

8nd bring no book, for this one day WeFll gi*e to idleness#


42/106

?o joyless forms shall regulate Our li*ing (alendar7 We from toDday, my friend, %ill date The o)ening of the year#

Lo*e, no% an uni*ersal birth, /rom heart to heart is stealing, /rom earth to man, from man to earth, K$t is the hour of feeling#

One moment no% may gi*e us more Than fifty years of reason Our minds shall drink at e*ery )ore The s)irit of the season#

3ome silent la%s our hearts may make, Which they shall long obey We for the year to come may take Our tem)er from toDday#

8nd from the blessed )o%er that rolls 8bout, belo%, abo*e WeFll frame the measure of our souls, They shall be tuned to lo*e#

Then come, my sister $ come, $ )ray, With s)eed )ut on your %oodland dress, 8nd bring no book for this one day WeFll gi*e to idleness#

THE FEMALE VAGRANT

By +er%entFs side my /atherFs cottage stood, HThe Woman thus her artless story toldI One field, a flock, and %hat the neighbouring flood 3u))lied, to him %ere more than mines of gold# Light %as my slee) my days in trans)ort rollFd7 With thoughtless joy $ stretchFd along the shore y fatherFs nets, or from the mountain fold 3a% on the distant lake his t%inkling oar Or %atchFd his lay boat still lessFning more and more


43/106

y father %as a good and )ious man, 8n honest man by honest )arents bred, 8nd $ belie*e that, soon as $ began To lis), he made me kneel beside my bed, 8nd in his hearing there my )rayers $ said7 8nd after%ards, by my good father taught, $ read, and lo*ed the books in %hich $ read /or books in e*ery neighbouring house $ sought, 8nd nothing to my mind a s%eeter )leasure brought#

(an $ forget %hat charms did once adorn y garden, stored %ith )ease, and mint, and thyme, 8nd rose and lilly for the sabbath morn The sabbath bells, and their delightful chime

The gambols and %ild freaks at shearing time y henFs rich nest through long grass scarce es)ied The co%sli)Dgathering at ayFs de%y )rime The s%ans, that, %hen $ sought the %aterDside, /rom far to meet me came, s)reading their sno%y )ride#

The staff $ yet remember %hich u)bore The bending body of my acti*e sire 2is seat beneath the honeyed sycamore When the bees hummed, and chair by %inter fire

When marketDmorning came, the neat attire With %hich, though bent on haste, myself $ deckFd y %atchful dog, %hose starts of furious ire, When stranger )assed, so often $ ha*e checkFd The redDbreast kno%n for years, %hich at my casement )eckFd#

The suns of t%enty summers danced along,K 8h6 little marked, ho% fast they rolled a%ay7 Then rose a stately hall our %oods among, 8nd cottage after cottage o%ned its s%ay# ?o joy to see a neighbouring house, or stray Through )astures not his o%n, the master took y /ather dared his greedy %ish gainsay 2e lo*ed his old hereditary nook, 8nd ill could $ the thought of such sad )arting brook#

But %hen he had refused the )roffered gold, To cruel injuries he became a )rey, 3ore tra*ersed in %hateFer he bought and sold7

2is troubles gre% u)on him day by day, Till all his substance fell into decay#


44/106

2is little range of %ater %as denied ;'< 8ll but the bed %here his old body lay# 8ll, all %as seied, and %ee)ing, side by side, We sought a home %here %e uninjured might abide#

;/ootnote '7 3e*eral of the Lakes in the north of England are let out todifferent /ishermen, in )arcels marked out by imaginary lines dra%n fromrock to rock#ntaught that soon such anguish must ensue, Our ho)es such har*est of affliction rea), That %e the mercy of the %a*es should rue# We readied the %estern %orld, a )oor, de*oted cre%#

Oh $ dreadful )rice of being to resign 8ll that is dear inbeing6 better far $n WantFs most lonely ca*e till death to )ine, >nseen, unheard, un%atched by any star Or in the streets and %alks %here )roud men are, Better our dying bodies to obtrude, Than dogDlike, %ading at the heels of %ar, Protract a curst e0istence, %ith the brood That la) Htheir *ery nourishment6I their brotherFs blood#


46/106


47/106

The silent sea# /rom the s%eet thoughts of home, 8nd from all ho)e $ %as fore*er hurled# /or meKfarthest from earthly )ort to roam Was best, could $ but shun the s)ot %here man might come#

8nd oft, robbFd of my )erfect mind, $ thought 8t last my feet a restingD)lace had found7 2ere %ill $ %ee) in )eace, Hso fancy %rought,I oaming the illimitable %aters round 2ere %atch, of e*ery human friend diso%ned, 8ll day, my ready tomb the oceanDfloodK To break my dream the *essel reached its bound7 8nd homeless near a thousand homes $ stood,

8nd near a thousand tables )ined, and %anted food#

By grief enfeebled %as $ turned adrift, 2el)less as sailor cast on desert rock ?or morsel to my mouth that day did lift, ?or dared my hand at any door to knock# $ lay, %here %ith his dro%sy mates, the cock /rom the cross timber of an outDhouse hung 2o% dismal tolled, that night, the city clock6 8t morn my sick heart hunger scarcely stung,

?or to the beggarFs language could $ frame my tongue#

3o )assed another day, and so the third7 Then did $ try, in *ain, the cro%dFs resort, $n dee) des)air by frightful %ishes stirrFd, ?ear the seaDside $ reached a ruined fort7 There, )ains %hich nature could no more su))ort, With blindness linked, did on my *itals fall +iy my brain, %ith interru)tion short Of hideous sense $ sunk, nor ste) could cra%l, 8nd thence %as borne a%ay to neighbouring hos)ital#

eco*ery came %ith food7 but still, my brain Was %eak, nor of the )ast had memory# $ heard my neighbours, in their beds, com)lain Of many things %hich ne*er troubled me Of feet still bustling round %ith busy glee, Of looks %here common kindness had no )art# Of ser*ice done %ith careless cruelty,

/retting the fe*er round the languid heart, 8nd groans, %hich, as they said, %ould make a dead man start#


48/106

These things just ser*ed to stir the tor)id sense, ?or )ain nor )ity in my bosom raised# emory, though slo%, returned %ith strength7 and thence +ismissed, again on o)en day $ gaed, 8t houses, men, and common light, amaed# The lanes $ sought, and as the sun retired, (ame, %here beneath the trees a faggot blaed The %ild brood sa% me %ee), my fate enCuired, 8nd ga*e me food, and rest, more %elcome, more desired#

y heart is touched to think that men like these, The rude earthFs tenants, %ere my first relief7 2o% kindly did they )aint their *agrant ease6 8nd their long holiday that feared not grief,

/or all belonged to all, and each %as chief# ?o )lough their sine%s strained on grating road ?o %ain they dro*e, and yet, the yello% sheaf $n e*ery *ale for their delight %as sto%ed7 /or them, in natureFs meads, the milky udder flo%ed,

3emblance, %ith stra% and )anniered ass, they made Of )otters %andering on from door to door7 But life of ha))ier sort to me )ourtrayed, 8nd other joys my fancy to allure

The bagD)i)e dinning on the midnight moor $n barn u)lighted, and com)anions boon Well met from far %ith re*elry secure, $n de)th of forest glade, %hen jocund =une olled fast along the sky his %arm and genial moon#

But ill it suited me, in journey dark OFer moor and mountain, midnight theft to hatch To charm the surly houseDdogFs faithful bark, Or hang on ti)toe at the lifted latch The gloomy lantern, and the dim blue match, The black disguise, the %arning %histle shrill, 8nd ear still busy on its nightly %atch, Were not for me, brought u) in nothing ill Besides, on griefs so fresh my thoughts %ere brooding still#

What could $ do, unaided and unblest Poor /ather6 gone %as e*ery friend of thine7 8nd kindred of dead husband are at best

3mall hel), and, after marriage such as mine, With little kindness %ould to me incline#


49/106

$ll %as $ then for toil or ser*ice fit7 With tears %hose course no effort could confine, By highD%ay side forgetful %ould $ sit Whole hours, my idle arms in mo)ing sorro% knit#

$ li*ed u)on the mercy of the fields 8nd oft of cruelty the sky accused On haard, or %hat general bounty yields# ?o% coldly gi*en, no% utterly refused, The fields $ for my bed ha*e often used7 But, %hat afflicts my )eace %ith keenest ruth $s, that $ ha*e my inner self abused, /oregone the home delight of constant truth, 8nd clear and o)en soul, so )ried in fearless youth#

Three years a %anderer, often ha*e $ *ie%Fd, $n tears, the sun to%ards that country tend Where my )oor heart lost all its fortitude7 8nd no% across this moor my ste)s $ bendK Oh6 tell me %hitherKfor no earthly friend 2a*e $#K3he ceased, and %ee)ing turned a%ay, 8s if because her tale %as at an end 3he %e)tKbecause she had no more to say Of that )er)etual %eight %hich on her s)irit lay#

THE DUNGEON.

8nd this )lace our forefathers made for man6 This is the )rocess of our lo*e and %isdom To each )oor brother %ho offends against usK ost innocent, )erha)sKand %hat if guilty

$s this the only cure erciful God6 Each )ore and natural outlet shri*ellFd u) By ignorance and )arching )o*erty, 2is energies roll back u)on his heart, 8nd stagnate and corru)t till changed to )oison, They break out on him, like a loathsome )lague s)ot# Then %e call in our )am)erFd mountebanksK 8nd this is their best cure6 uncomforted#

8nd friendless solitude, groaning and tears#

8nd sa*age faces, at the clanking hour, 3een through the steams and *a)our of his dungeon,


50/106

By the lam)Fs dismal t%ilight6 3o he lies (ircled %ith e*il, till his *ery soul >nmoulds its essence, ho)elessly deformed By sights of e*er more deformity6

With other ministrations thou, O nature6F 2ealest thy %andering and distem)ered child7 Thou )ourest on him thy soft influences# Thy sunny hues, fair forms, and breathing sheets, Thy melodies of %oods, and %inds, and %aters, Till he relent, and can no more endure To be a jarring and a dissonant thing, 8mid this general dance and minstrelsy But, bursting into tears, %ins back his %ay,

2is angry s)irit healed and harmonied By the benignant touch of lo*e and beauty#

!IM3# $" %0 3$+ 0(#%!MA#" -ith an incident in which he was concerned.

$n the s%eet shire of (ardigan, ?ot far from )leasant $*orDhall,

8n old man d%ells, a little man, $F*e heard he once %as tall# Of years he has u)on his back, ?o doubt, a burthen %eighty 2e says he is three score and ten, But others say heFs eighty#

8 long blue li*eryDcoat has he, ThatFs fair behind, and fair before

-et, meet him %here you %ill, you see 8t once that he is )oor# /ull fi*e and t%enty years he li*ed 8 running huntsman merry 8nd, though he has but one eye left, 2is cheek is like a cherry#

?o man like him the horn could sound, 8nd no man %as so full of glee To say the least, four counties round#

2ad heard of 3imon Lee 2is masterFs dead, and no one no%


51/106

+%ells in the hall of $*or en, dogs, and horses, all are dead 2e is the sole sur*i*or#

2is hunting feats ha*e him bereft Of his right eye, as you may see7 8nd then, %hat limbs those feats ha*e left To )oor old 3imon Lee6 2e has no son, he has no child, 2is %ife, an aged %oman, Li*es %ith him, near the %aterfall, >)on the *illage common#

8nd he is lean and he is sick,

2is d%indled bodyFs half a%ry, 2is ancles they are s%oln and thick 2is legs are thin and dry# When he %as young he little kne% FOf husbandry or tillage 8nd no% heFs forced to %ork, though %eak, KThe %eakest in the *illage#

2e all the country could outrun, (ould lea*e both man and horse behind

8nd often, ere the race %as done, 2e reeled and %as stoneDblind# 8nd still thereFs something in the %orld 8t %hich his heart rejoices /or %hen the chiming bounds are out, 2e dearly lo*es their *oices6

Old uth %orks out of doors %ith him# 8nd does %hat 3imon cannot do /or she, not o*er stout of limb, $s stouter of the t%o# 8nd though you %ith your utmost skill /rom labour could not %ean them, 8las6 Ftis *ery little, all Which they can do bet%een them#

Beside their mossDgro%n hut of clay, ?ot t%enty )aces from the door, 8 scra) of land they ha*e, but they

8re )oorest of the )oor# This scra) of land he from the heath


52/106

Enclosed %hen he %as stronger But %hat a*ails the land to them, Which they can till no longer

/e% months of life has he in store, 8s he to you %illDtell, /or still, the more he %orks, the more 2is )oor old ancles s%ell# y gentle reader, $ )ercei*e 2o% )atiently youF*e %aited, 8nd $Fm afraid that you e0)ect 3ome tale %ill be related#

O reader6 had you in your mind

3uch stores as silent thought can bring, O gentle reader6 you %ould find 8 tale in e*ery thing# What more $ ha*e to say is short, $ ho)e youFll kindly take it $t is no tale but should you think, Perha)s a tale youFll make it#

One summerDday $ chanced to see This old man doing all he could

8bout the root of an old tree, 8 stum) of rotten %ood# The mattock totterFd in his hand 3o *ain %as his endea*our That at the root of the old tree 2e might ha*e %orked for e*er#

-ouF*e o*ertasked, good 3imon Lee, Gi*e me your tool to him $ said 8nd at the %ord right gladly he ecei*ed my )rofferFd aid# $ struck, and %ith a single blo% The tangled root $ se*erFd, 8t %hich the )oor old man so long 8nd *ainly had endea*oured#

The tears into his eyes %ere brought, 8nd thanks and )raises seemed to run 3o fast out of his heart, $ thought

They ne*er %ould ha*e done# K$F*e heard of hearts unkind, kind deeds


53/106


54/106

?o cloud, no reliCue of the sunken day +istinguishes the West, no long thin sli) Of sullen Light, no obscure trembling hues# (ome, %e %ill rest on this old mossy Bridge6 -ou see the glimmer of the stream beneath, But hear no murmuring7 it flo%s silently OFer its soft bed of *erdure# 8ll is still, 8 balmy night6 and thoF the stars be dim, -et let us think u)on the *ernal sho%ers That gladden the green earth, and %e shall find 8 )leasure in the dimness of the stars#

8nd hark6 the ?ightingale begins its song ost musical, most melancholy ;M< Bird6

8 melancholy Bird O idle thought6 $n nature there is nothing melancholy# KBut some night %andering an, %hose heart %as )iercFd With the remembrance of a grie*ous %rong, Or slo% distem)er or neglected lo*e, H8nd so, )oor Wretch6 fillFd all things %ith himself 8nd made all gentle sounds tell back the tale Of his o%n sorro%sI he and such as he /irst named these notes a melancholy strain7 8nd many a )oet echoes the conceit

Poet, %ho hath been building u) the rhyme

;/ootnote M7 Most musical" most melancholy# This )assage in ilton)ossesses an e0cellence far su)erior to that of mere descri)tion7 it is s)oken inthe character of the melancholy an, and has therefore a dramatic)ro)riety#The 8uthor makes this remark, to rescue himself from the charge of ha*ingalluded %ith le*ity to a line in ilton7 a charge than %hich none could bemore )ainful to him, e0ce)t )erha)s that of ha*ing ridiculed his Bible#BE, bal111#t0t"E3$O?3 based on se)arate sources get ne% LETTE, bal11!a#t0t

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