Lysozyme

A.k.a :Muramidase OR

N-acetylmuramide glycanhydrolase

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An enzyme found naturally in • egg white• human tears• saliva (as well as other body fluids)

Capable of destroying the cell walls of certain bacteria.Acts as a mild antiseptic.

Lysozyme

Amino Sequence

Fig 5. Lysozyme amino acid sequence alignment for five organisms (Dmelanogaste-fly, EcoligsnAA-E. coli, GgallusgsnAA-chicken, HsapiensgsnA-human, and Mmusculusgsn-mouse). Number to the left and right of the sequences and above each sequence group indicate amino acid number. Letters represent amino acids, with dashes (-) inserted to maximize sequence alignment. Black boxes indicate amino acid conservation.

Structure

<http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/cgi/explore.cgi?pdbId=1rem#>

Made with 117 amino acid residues and has a heterogeneous sequence.

133L

1IWV

1REM

Quaternary Structure (4°)

Lysozyme attacks peptidoglycans and hydrolyzes the glycosidic bond that connects N-acetylmuramic acid with the fourth carbon atom of N-acetylglucosamine. It does this by binding to the peptidoglycan molecule in the binding site within the prominent cleft between its two domains.

Peptidoglycans- sugars & amino acids that form a mesh-like layer outside the plasma membrane of bacteria, forming the cell wall.

Hydrolysis- Decomposition of a chemical compound by reaction with water, such as the dissociation of a dissolved salt or the catalytic conversion of starch to glucose.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysozyme

Function

Present in other Organisms• bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria)

• bacteria• plants• animals

Misc…• Lysozyme was first identified and named by

Alexander Fleming, who recognized its bacteriolytic properties. (1922)

• Bottlefed babies are 3 times likely to have diarrheal disease, because they lack lysozyme in their diet... [its in breast milk!] Lysozyme is a natural form of protection from pathogens.

Bacteriolysis -destruction or dissolution of bacterial cells

Works Cited:1. Yikrazuul. "Lysozyme." Wikipedia. N.p., 14 Oct. 2009. Web. 14 Oct. 2009. <http://en.wikipedia.org/

wiki/Lysozyme>.

2. Muraki, M., et al. "HUMAN LYSOZYME WITH MAN-B1,4-GLCNAC COVALENTLY ATTACHED TO ASP53." RCSB Protein Data Bank. N.p., 14 Oct. 2009. Web. 14 Oct. 2009. <http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/cgi/ explore.cgi?pdbId=1rem>.

3. Secretlens. "Drool." DeviantArt. N.p., 15 July 2009. Web. 14 Oct. 2009. <http://secretlens.deviantart.com/art/Drool-129635147>.

4. funkipunk . “Tears Speak." DeviantArt. N.p., 13 Nov. 2007. Web. 14 Oct. 2009. <http://funkipunk.deviantart.com/art/Tears-Speak-69773894>.

5. Caothicart . “Dark Pikachu." DeviantArt. N.p., 10 June 2007. Web. 14 Oct. 2009. <http://caothicart.deviantart.com/art/Dark-Pikachu-57318376>.

6. Chueh, Luke . “I ASKED FOR SCRAMBLED.” LukeChueh N.p., 2003. Web. 14 Oct. 2009. <http://www.lukechueh.com/paintings/i-asked-for-scrambled.html>.

7. Stryer L. 1995. Biochemistry. 4th ed. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. p 372.

8. "MacDNAsis Analysis of Lysozyme Genbank search results." Davidson College. N.p., 30 Nov. 2001. Web. 14 Oct. 2009. <http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/Molbio/MolStudents/01grnoland/ MacDNAsis.html>.