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11

Machine SafeguardingMachine Safeguarding

Thanks to Jennifer Schneider for Thanks to Jennifer Schneider for this presentationthis presentation

22

ANSI/OSHAANSI/OSHA

Their Relationship to Each Other Their Relationship to Each Other and the Worldand the World

33

ANSIANSIAmerican National Standards InstituteAmerican National Standards Institute

DomesticDomestic–– Founded in 1918Founded in 1918–– Private non profit organizationPrivate non profit organization–– Coordinates the U.S. voluntary consensus Coordinates the U.S. voluntary consensus

standards system and approves American standards system and approves American National StandardsNational Standards

–– Only recognized system in the U.S. for Only recognized system in the U.S. for establishing American National Standardsestablishing American National Standards

44

ANSI/OSHA RelationshipANSI/OSHA Relationship

Close cooperative relationship Close cooperative relationship -- each each represented on each others committeerepresented on each others committeeOSHA often adopts ANSI standardsOSHA often adopts ANSI standardsOr under the General Duty Clause ANSI Or under the General Duty Clause ANSI standards can be incorporated and enforcedstandards can be incorporated and enforced

55

84 STAT. 1593 84 STAT. 1593 Pub. Law 91Pub. Law 91-- 596596December 29, 1970December 29, 1970

(4) Nothing in this Act shall be construed to (4) Nothing in this Act shall be construed to supersede or in any manner affect any workmensupersede or in any manner affect any workmen’’s s compensation law or to enlarge or diminish or compensation law or to enlarge or diminish or affect in any other manner the common law or affect in any other manner the common law or statutory rights, duties, or liabilities of employers or statutory rights, duties, or liabilities of employers or employees under any law with respect to injuries, employees under any law with respect to injuries, diseases, or death of employees arising out of, or diseases, or death of employees arising out of, or in the course of, employment.in the course of, employment.

66

84 STAT. 1593 84 STAT. 1593 Pub. Law 91Pub. Law 91-- 596596December 29, 1970December 29, 1970

Sec. 5 (a) Each employerSec. 5 (a) Each employer(1) shall furnish to each of his employees employment (1) shall furnish to each of his employees employment

and a place of employment which are free from recognized and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees;serious physical harm to his employees;

(2) shall comply with occupational safety and health (2) shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this Act.standards promulgated under this Act.

(b) Each employee shall comply with occupational (b) Each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards rules, regulations, and orders safety and health standards rules, regulations, and orders issued pursuant to this Act which are applicable to his own issued pursuant to this Act which are applicable to his own actions and conduct.actions and conduct.

77

American National Standards on Safety American National Standards on Safety Requirements for Construction, Care, and Use of Requirements for Construction, Care, and Use of

Machine ToolsMachine ToolsANSlANSl B11.1B11.1--19881988ANSlANSl B11.2B11.2--19821982ANSlANSl B11.3B11.3--19821982ANSlANSl B11.4B11.4--19831983ANSlANSl B11.5B11.5--19881988ANSlANSl B11.6B11.6--19881988ANSlANSl B11.7B11.7--19851985ANSlANSl B11.7aB11.7a--19871987ANSlANSl B11.8B11.8--19831983ANSlANSl B11.9B11.9--19751975ANSlANSl B11.10B11.10--19901990ANSlANSl B11.11B11.11--1985

Mechanical Power PressesHydraulic Power PressesPower Press BrakesShearsIron WorkersLathesCold Headers and Cold Formers(Supplement to ANSl B11.7-1985)Drilling, Milling, and Boring MachinesGrinding MachinesMetal Sawing MachinesGear Cutting Machines1985

88

American National Standards on Safety American National Standards on Safety Requirements for Construction, Care, and Use of Requirements for Construction, Care, and Use of

Machine ToolsMachine ToolsANSlANSl B11.12B11.12--19831983ANSlANSl B11.13B11.13--19921992

ANSlANSl B11.14B11.14--19831983ANSlANSl B11.15B11.15--19841984ANSlANSl B11.16B11.16--19881988ANSlANSl B11.17B11.17--19821982ANSlANSl B11.18B11.18--19851985

ANSlANSl B11.19B11.19-

Roll Forming and Roll Bending MachinesSingle- and Multiple-Spindle Automatic Bar and Chucking MachinesCoil Slitting Machines/SystemsPipe, Tube, and Shape Bending MachinesMetal Powder Compacting PressesHorizontal Hydraulic Extrusion PressesMachinery and Machine Systems for the Processing of Coiled Strip, Sheet, and PlateSafeguarding When Referenced by the Other B11 Machine Tool Safety Standards

Manufacturing Systems/Cells

-

99

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS TITLE 29TITLE 29

SECTION 1910.212SECTION 1910.212GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL MACHINESGENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL MACHINES

Machine GuardingMachine Guarding–– (1) Types of Guarding. One or more methods of (1) Types of Guarding. One or more methods of

machine guarding shall be provided to protect the machine guarding shall be provided to protect the operator and other employees in the machine area from operator and other employees in the machine area from hazards such as those created by point of operation, hazards such as those created by point of operation, ingoing nip points, rotating parts, flying chips and ingoing nip points, rotating parts, flying chips and sparks. Example of guarding methods are sparks. Example of guarding methods are -- barrier barrier guards, twoguards, two--hand tripping devices, electronic safety hand tripping devices, electronic safety devices, etc.devices, etc.

1010

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS TITLE 29TITLE 29

SECTION 1910.212SECTION 1910.212GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL MACHINESGENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL MACHINES

Machine GuardingMachine Guarding–– (2) General requirements for machine guards. Guards (2) General requirements for machine guards. Guards

shall be affixed to the machine where possible and shall be affixed to the machine where possible and secured elsewhere if for any reason attachment to the secured elsewhere if for any reason attachment to the machine is not possible. The guard shall be such that it machine is not possible. The guard shall be such that it does not offer an accident hazard in itself.does not offer an accident hazard in itself.

1111

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS TITLE 29TITLE 29

SECTION 1910.212SECTION 1910.212GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL MACHINESGENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL MACHINES

Machine GuardingMachine Guarding–– (3) Point(3) Point--ofof--operation guarding.operation guarding.

(i) Point of operation is the area on a machine where work is (i) Point of operation is the area on a machine where work is actually performed upon the material being processed.actually performed upon the material being processed.(ii) The point of operation of machines whose operation exposes (ii) The point of operation of machines whose operation exposes an employee to injury shall be guarded. The guarding device an employee to injury shall be guarded. The guarding device shall be in conformity with any appropriate standards therefore;shall be in conformity with any appropriate standards therefore;or, in the absence of applicable specific standard, shall be so or, in the absence of applicable specific standard, shall be so designed and constructed as to prevent the operator from designed and constructed as to prevent the operator from having any part of his body in the danger zone during the having any part of his body in the danger zone during the operating cycle.operating cycle.

1212

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS TITLE 29TITLE 29

SECTION 1910.212SECTION 1910.212GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL MACHINESGENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL MACHINES

Machine GuardingMachine Guarding–– (3) Point(3) Point--ofof--operation guarding.operation guarding.

(iii) Special hand tools for placing and removing material shall(iii) Special hand tools for placing and removing material shallbe such as to permit easy handling of material without the be such as to permit easy handling of material without the operator placing a hand in the danger zone. Such tools shall notoperator placing a hand in the danger zone. Such tools shall notbe in lieu of other guarding required by this section, but can obe in lieu of other guarding required by this section, but can only nly be used to supplement protection provided.be used to supplement protection provided.

1313

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONSCODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONSTITLE 29TITLE 29

SECTION 1910.219SECTION 1910.219MECHANICAL POWERMECHANICAL POWER--TRANSMISSION APPARATUSTRANSMISSION APPARATUS

This Section CoversThis Section Covers(a) Most, with some exceptions, all types of power(a) Most, with some exceptions, all types of power--transmission belts. transmission belts. (b) Prime(b) Prime--mover guards (Such As)mover guards (Such As)

1. Flywheels1. Flywheels2. Cranks and connecting rods2. Cranks and connecting rods3. Rods, Shafts and Shaft Ends3. Rods, Shafts and Shaft Ends4. Power4. Power--transmission apparatus transmission apparatus

located in basementslocated in basements5. Pulleys5. Pulleys6. Belt, rope and chain drives6. Belt, rope and chain drives7. Overhead Horizontal belts7. Overhead Horizontal belts

1414

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONSCODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONSTITLE 29TITLE 29

SECTION 1910.219SECTION 1910.219MECHANICAL POWERMECHANICAL POWER--TRANSMISSION APPARATUSTRANSMISSION APPARATUS

This Section Covers:This Section Covers:((2)Wood Guards. (I) Wood guards may be used in the2)Wood Guards. (I) Wood guards may be used in the

woodworking and chemical industries, in industries wherewoodworking and chemical industries, in industries wherethe presence of fumes or where manufacturing conditionsthe presence of fumes or where manufacturing conditionswould cause the rapid deterioration of metal guards; also inwould cause the rapid deterioration of metal guards; also inconstruction work and in locations outdoors where extremeconstruction work and in locations outdoors where extremecold or extreme hear make metal guards an railingcold or extreme hear make metal guards an railingundesirable. In all other industries, wood guards shall not undesirable. In all other industries, wood guards shall not be used.be used.

1515

Basic Safety Requirements for Basic Safety Requirements for Machinery Machinery (Among Other Things)(Among Other Things)

SafeguardingSafeguardingControlsControlsDisconnectDisconnectStarterStarterCoverCover

1616

5 Concerns on Any Machine5 Concerns on Any Machine

Safeguarding Safeguarding -- guard, device, methodguard, device, method

Controls Controls -- control reliabilitycontrol reliability

Disconnect Disconnect -- lockable in off positionlockable in off position

Starter Starter -- magnetic (for dropmagnetic (for drop--out protection)out protection)

Covers Covers -- rotating components covered to 7 ft. rotating components covered to 7 ft. from floor or from working platform from floor or from working platform

1717

Types of MachinesTypes of Machines

Metal fabricatingMetal fabricating-- power presses, press power presses, press brakes, shears, iron workers,etc.brakes, shears, iron workers,etc.Metal turningMetal turning-- lathes, mills, drills, boring lathes, mills, drills, boring machines, grinders, saws,etc.machines, grinders, saws,etc.Other MachinesOther Machines-- robots, textile, assembly, robots, textile, assembly, packaging, special, etc.packaging, special, etc.

1818

OSHA Instruction CPL 2 OSHA Instruction CPL 2 --1.241.24Directorate of Compliance ProgramsDirectorate of Compliance Programs

National Emphasis Program on Mechanical National Emphasis Program on Mechanical Power Presses, 29 C.F.R.Power Presses, 29 C.F.R.

1910.2171910.217PURPOSE: This directive describes policies and PURPOSE: This directive describes policies and

procedures for implementing a National Emphasis procedures for implementing a National Emphasis Program (NEP) to reduce and eliminate the workplace Program (NEP) to reduce and eliminate the workplace incidence of hazards associated with mechanical power incidence of hazards associated with mechanical power presses.presses.

1919

National Emphasis Program onNational Emphasis Program onMechanical Power PressesMechanical Power Presses

10 Manufacturing industries by SIC code: 10 Manufacturing industries by SIC code: plus other plus other SICSIC’’ss as deemed necessaryas deemed necessary–– #3469 stamping#3469 stamping–– #3444 sheet metal#3444 sheet metal–– #3442 metal doors#3442 metal doors–– #3441 fabricated steel#3441 fabricated steel–– #3429 hardware#3429 hardware

– #2542 manufactured furniture

– #3714 motor vehicle parts– #3499 misc. metal products– #3443 boiler shops– #3496 wire products

2020

National Emphasis Program onNational Emphasis Program onMechanical Power PressesMechanical Power Presses

1 Million workers in 22,000 companies 1 Million workers in 22,000 companies with a total of 300,000 mechanical with a total of 300,000 mechanical power pressespower presses–– total of 650 amputations in 1994 (BLS 94) total of 650 amputations in 1994 (BLS 94)

from all mechanical sources which was from all mechanical sources which was 10% of all amputations in manufacturing 10% of all amputations in manufacturing 2,650 violations in 3 years2,650 violations in 3 years80% serious, willful, repeat80% serious, willful, repeat

2121

Safety Standards & RegulationsSafety Standards & Regulations

1910.2171910.217-- Mechanical power presses Mechanical power presses (B11.1)(B11.1)1910.2121910.212-- General requirements for all General requirements for all machinesmachines1910.2191910.219-- Mechanical power transmission Mechanical power transmission apparatus (B15.1)apparatus (B15.1)

2222

2323

2424

Single Stroke CapabilitySingle Stroke Capability

Single Stroke Mechanism Single Stroke Mechanism OROR

Single Stroke Trip Control SystemSingle Stroke Trip Control System(only exception is guarded press dedicated (only exception is guarded press dedicated to continuous)to continuous)–– Simple testSimple test----hold initiating means operated hold initiating means operated

while in single stroke modewhile in single stroke mode

2525

2626

2727

2828

2929

SafeguardingSafeguarding

EmployerEmployer’’s responsibilitys responsibilityguardsguardsdevicesdevicesauxiliary equipmentauxiliary equipmentnot required if hazard is 1/4 inch or lessnot required if hazard is 1/4 inch or less

3030

SafeguardingSafeguarding

GuardsGuards--prevent (die enclosure, fixed, prevent (die enclosure, fixed, interlocked,adjustable)interlocked,adjustable)DevicesDevices--control (presence sensing, pull control (presence sensing, pull back,restraint,gates, 2 hand control or trip)back,restraint,gates, 2 hand control or trip)–– access to point of operationaccess to point of operation

3131

Safeguarding mechanical power Safeguarding mechanical power pressespresses

GuardsGuards----primary operationsprimary operationsDevicesDevices----secondary operationssecondary operations---- by by controlling operator or machine or bothcontrolling operator or machine or both

3232

Guard requirementsGuard requirements

Must be designed, constructed, applied, Must be designed, constructed, applied, adjusted & maintained to meet the following:adjusted & maintained to meet the following:–– openings of table Oopenings of table O--1010–– no pinch point between guard and slideno pinch point between guard and slide–– utilize fasteners not readily removableutilize fasteners not readily removable–– facilitate inspectionfacilitate inspection–– maximum visibilitymaximum visibility

3333

3434

Types of barrier guardsypes of barrier guardsDie enclosureDie enclosure--becomes part of die, need becomes part of die, need guard for each dieguard for each diefixedfixed-- may have openings but is not may have openings but is not adjustableadjustable--ok for dedicated press/die ok for dedicated press/die applicationsapplicationsadjustableadjustable--accommodates different size coil accommodates different size coil widths & thicknesswidths & thickness’’interlockedinterlocked--prevents or stops motion when prevents or stops motion when interlock is openinterlock is open

3535

Interlocking GuardsInterlocking Guards

Not mandatory for all hinged or movable Not mandatory for all hinged or movable guard sections to be interlockedguard sections to be interlockedInterlocked Guard sections must:Interlocked Guard sections must:–– prevent the cycle (when open)prevent the cycle (when open)–– stop the cycle (when opened during cyclestop the cycle (when opened during cycle----

must not allow injury)must not allow injury)

3636

3737

3838

3939

4040

Point of Operation DevicesPoint of Operation Devices

Presence sensingPresence sensingpull backspull backsrestraintsrestraintsgates or movable barriersgates or movable barrierstwo hand controltwo hand controltwo hand triptwo hand trip

4141

Presence sensingPresence sensing

prevent cycle initiationprevent cycle initiationstop the stop the downstrokedownstroke

if sensing field is obstructedif sensing field is obstructed

4242

4343

Light CurtainLight Curtain

Plane of light creates a sensing fieldPlane of light creates a sensing field–– most use the infra red spectrum modulated to most use the infra red spectrum modulated to

ignore other sources of lightignore other sources of light–– units available from 7 inches to 70 inches in units available from 7 inches to 70 inches in

heightheight–– emitter and receiver from 2 to 65 feet apartemitter and receiver from 2 to 65 feet apart–– mirrors for multisided protectionmirrors for multisided protection

4444

Presence sensing devicesPresence sensing devices

Cannot be used:Cannot be used:on machines with full revolution clutcheson machines with full revolution clutchesas a tripping means to initiate a slide motionas a tripping means to initiate a slide motion(PSDI(PSDI-- self tripping)self tripping)

4545

Presence sensing devicesPresence sensing devices

Can be muted out (turned off) on the Can be muted out (turned off) on the upstroke for these purposes:upstroke for these purposes:–– parts ejectionparts ejection–– circuit checkingcircuit checking–– material feedingmaterial feeding

4646

Light curtainLight curtain

Must be mounted at a safe distance from Must be mounted at a safe distance from the nearest point of operation hazardthe nearest point of operation hazard““safety distancesafety distance””-- based upon machinebased upon machine’’s s stopping abilitystopping ability““penetration distancepenetration distance””-- based upon light based upon light curtain minimum object sensitivitycurtain minimum object sensitivity

4747

Presence sensing devicesPresence sensing devices

217 (c) (3) (iii) (a) (f):217 (c) (3) (iii) (a) (f):‘‘guards shall be used to protect all entry to guards shall be used to protect all entry to the point of operation not protected by the the point of operation not protected by the presence sensing devicepresence sensing device’’Precautions: radio frequency (operator must Precautions: radio frequency (operator must be detected), muting (non be detected), muting (non hazhaz portion of portion of stroke) and blanking (last resort)stroke) and blanking (last resort)

4848

4949

5050

PullbacksPullbacks

Most often used for secondary operation Most often used for secondary operation where the concern is repeat stroke of press where the concern is repeat stroke of press or inadvertent operationor inadvertent operation–– pull operators hands out as die closespull operators hands out as die closes–– wristlets for each handwristlets for each hand–– operated by slide or upper dieoperated by slide or upper die–– each operator must have a pullbackeach operator must have a pullback–– inspected every time a changeinspected every time a change–– inspected on a regular basis (paragraph e).inspected on a regular basis (paragraph e).

5151

5252

5353

RestraintsRestraints

Same requirements as pullbacksSame requirements as pullbacksshould always be adjusted so that the should always be adjusted so that the operator cannot reach the Point of operation operator cannot reach the Point of operation hazardhazardpiece part must be long enough to hold onto piece part must be long enough to hold onto at one endat one endor must use a hand feeding tool to feed or must use a hand feeding tool to feed small partssmall parts

5454

5555

Gates (movable barriers)Gates (movable barriers)

Type AType A--protects the operator during the protects the operator during the entire press stroke (wonentire press stroke (won’’t open until the t open until the entire crankshaft rotation is completed)entire crankshaft rotation is completed)Type BType B-- protects the operator during the protects the operator during the downstrokedownstroke only (opens before the only (opens before the crankshaft rotation is complete)crankshaft rotation is complete)

5656

5757

Two hand control as a Two hand control as a safeguarding devicesafeguarding device

Ring guards or fabricated shieldsRing guards or fabricated shieldsrequire both hands or concurrent operationrequire both hands or concurrent operationholding timeholding timeantianti--repeatrepeatinterrupted stroke protectioninterrupted stroke protectionfixed in place at a minimum safety distancefixed in place at a minimum safety distancemultiple operators multiple setsmultiple operators multiple setsinspected according to paragraph einspected according to paragraph e

5858

5959

Two hand trip as a safeguarding Two hand trip as a safeguarding devicedevice

Ring guards or fabricated shieldsRing guards or fabricated shieldsrequire both handsrequire both handsconcurrent operationconcurrent operationantianti--repeatrepeatmultiple operators multiple setsmultiple operators multiple setsfixed position at a safe distance from the fixed position at a safe distance from the point of operationpoint of operationinspected according to paragraph einspected according to paragraph e

6060

6161

6262

6363

HandfeedingHandfeeding toolstools

Are not considered a primary safeguardAre not considered a primary safeguardbut are classified as secondary/auxiliary but are classified as secondary/auxiliary means of safeguardingmeans of safeguarding

6464

6565

Safeguarding DevicesSafeguarding Devices

That require side and back barriers That require side and back barriers ththprotect others in the machine areaprotect others in the machine area–– 2 hand trip2 hand trip–– 2 hand control2 hand control–– pullbacks and restraintspullbacks and restraints–– gatesgates–– presence sensingpresence sensing

6666

Safeguarding SummarySafeguarding Summary

Min.OSHA requirement is for one primary Min.OSHA requirement is for one primary safeguarding meanssafeguarding meansfor secondary operations, some use 2 for secondary operations, some use 2 safeguarding devices due to the strong safeguarding devices due to the strong points of each method (points of each method (ieie. To make sure . To make sure hands a re in a safe position when machine hands a re in a safe position when machine is being actuated)is being actuated)for additional protection, secondary or for additional protection, secondary or auxiliary means may be needed to protect auxiliary means may be needed to protect others in the area.others in the area.

6767

Repeat Strokes or Unintended Repeat Strokes or Unintended CyclesCycles

Can occur on either full revolution or part Can occur on either full revolution or part revolution clutch presses because of 3 revolution clutch presses because of 3 problems:problems:electrical (control reliability)electrical (control reliability)pneumatic (control reliability)pneumatic (control reliability)mechanical (maintenance)mechanical (maintenance)

6868

Control ReliabilityControl Reliability

‘‘Critical Component FailureCritical Component Failure’’---- any single any single electrical or pneumatic componentelectrical or pneumatic component–– controls made before 1971 unlikely to complycontrols made before 1971 unlikely to comply–– 19711971--19751975-- might complymight comply–– 1975+1975+-- probably complyprobably comply

6969

Control ReliabilityControl Reliability

B(7)B(7)----detailed requirements for clutch detailed requirements for clutch controlcontrolb(13)b(13)----control reliabilitycontrol reliabilityb(8)(vi)b(8)(vi)----control circuitcontrol circuit

7070

Brake MonitoringBrake Monitoring

Monitors each stroke to automatically Monitors each stroke to automatically prevent additional strokes if:prevent additional strokes if:–– stopping time or braking distance has stopping time or braking distance has

deteriorated to an unsafe pointdeteriorated to an unsafe point–– distance: distance: topstoptopstop overrunoverrun–– time: motion detectiontime: motion detection

7171

ElectricalElectrical

DisconnectDisconnectStarterStarterTransformerTransformerGroundGroundControl CircuitControl Circuit

7272

7373

Safety Blocks (Die Blocks)Safety Blocks (Die Blocks)

Used whenever dies are being adjusted or Used whenever dies are being adjusted or repaired while in the pressrepaired while in the presssafety blocks should be interlocked to the safety blocks should be interlocked to the main motor of the pressmain motor of the press

7474

7575

Power Press BrakesPower Press Brakes

Safety Requirements for Safety Requirements for Construction, Care, and UseConstruction, Care, and Use

7676

Power Press BrakesPower Press Brakes

Light curtains (low to high production w/ Light curtains (low to high production w/ small to large small to large piecepartspieceparts))2 hand control (low, with any size piece 2 hand control (low, with any size piece parts)parts)pullbacks (high, with any size pullbacks (high, with any size piecepartspieceparts))restraints (high, with medium to large restraints (high, with medium to large piecepartspieceparts))

7777

Considerations on Press BrakesConsiderations on Press BrakesLight Curtains:Light Curtains:–– Interface properly to:Interface properly to:

mechanical frictionmechanical frictionair clutchair clutchhydraulichydraulichydrahydra--mechanicalmechanical

warning signswarning signscolor codingcolor codingproper handling of proper handling of piecepartpieceparthand toolshand tools

7878

7979

8080

8181

8282

8383

Other considerations for Press Other considerations for Press BrakesBrakes

Operator slipping clutch or inching ram to Operator slipping clutch or inching ram to bottom of stroke for slow bendingbottom of stroke for slow bendingunused portion of die must be guarded or unused portion of die must be guarded or die cut to the length of the materialdie cut to the length of the materialprotect rear of machine by:protect rear of machine by:–– cable with interlock & warning signcable with interlock & warning sign–– pressure sensitive matpressure sensitive mat–– single beam w/latch outsingle beam w/latch out–– guardguard

8484

8585

NHID/HOOD B11.3NHID/HOOD B11.3--19981998

Employer to provide correct type dies and Employer to provide correct type dies and hand toolshand toolssupervisor to ensure employees do not supervisor to ensure employees do not reach in diesreach in diesconstructor of safe material position gaugesconstructor of safe material position gaugesoperator self responsibilityoperator self responsibility

8686

ShearsShears

Safety Requirements for Safety Requirements for Construction, Care, and UseConstruction, Care, and Use

8787

8888

Shear SafeguardingShear Safeguarding

Barrier GuardsBarrier GuardsA or B type gatesA or B type gatesPullbacks/restraintsPullbacks/restraints2 hand controls2 hand controlsAwarenessAwareness---- barriers,devices,signalsbarriers,devices,signals

8989

9090

Safeguarding for Metal Safeguarding for Metal Turning Machines Turning Machines

as as Referenced in the ANSI B11 Referenced in the ANSI B11

Series StandardsSeries Standards

9191

Metal Turning MachinesMetal Turning Machines

LathesLathesdrillsdrillsmillsmillsboresboressawssawsgrindersgrindersgear cuttinggear cuttingSWARF:chips,coolant,lubes,sparks,debrisSWARF:chips,coolant,lubes,sparks,debris

9292

Cutting/turning: B11.6 LathesCutting/turning: B11.6 LathesB11.8 Drilling/Milling/BoringB11.8 Drilling/Milling/Boring

The Point of operation on manual machines The Point of operation on manual machines does not require safeguardingdoes not require safeguardingsemiautomatic do require it, because a tool semiautomatic do require it, because a tool trapping space is createdtrapping space is createdall cutting turning machines must have a all cutting turning machines must have a chip shield; chip shield; roro prevent prevent swarfswarf from being from being thrown at the operator or causing a hazard thrown at the operator or causing a hazard in the work areain the work areaalso require operator protection from also require operator protection from rotating chucksrotating chucks

9393

ShieldsShields

Do not replace PPEDo not replace PPEcancan’’t create hazard such as pinch t create hazard such as pinch points,sharp edges, or fire hazardspoints,sharp edges, or fire hazards

9494

9595

Spring Loaded Chuck WrenchSpring Loaded Chuck Wrench

To prevent chuck wrench from being left in To prevent chuck wrench from being left in the chuckthe chuckeven more important with machines with even more important with machines with large chuckslarge chucks

9696

9797

9898

9999

100100

101101

102102

103103

104104

105105

Safeguarding GrindersSafeguarding Grinders

OSHA 1910.215 Abrasive Wheel OSHA 1910.215 Abrasive Wheel MachineryMachinery

OSHA 1910.94 VentilationOSHA 1910.94 Ventilation

106106

Safeguarding for Grinding Safeguarding for Grinding Machines Machines

as as Referenced in the ANSI B11.9 Referenced in the ANSI B11.9

Series StandardsSeries Standards

107107

108108

65Þ From Work Tool Restto Tongue Guard

90Þ Maximum Opening

109109

Ring Test–Visual Inspection–Dry & Free from Dust–Tap with Nonmetallic Tool–Clear Ring Tone

XX XX

45Þ45Þ 45Þ45Þ

FloorFloor

110110

111111

112112

Saws covered by B11.10Saws covered by B11.10

Horizontal cutoff band sawsHorizontal cutoff band sawsVertical CutoffVertical CutoffVertical ContourVertical ContourCircular BladeCircular BladeHacksawsHacksaws

113113

Safeguarding Point of OperationSafeguarding Point of Operation

GuardGuard-- covers that portion of the blade that covers that portion of the blade that is not involved in the cuttingis not involved in the cuttingBarrierBarrier-- restricts accidental entry into the restricts accidental entry into the areaareaAwareness DeviceAwareness Device-- warns operator that he warns operator that he has or is about to enter areahas or is about to enter areaDeviceDevice-- barrier other than a guard designed barrier other than a guard designed to minimize unintentional entryto minimize unintentional entry

114114

115115

Roll Roll -- Forming and Forming and Roll Roll -- Bending Machines Bending Machines

Safety Requirements for Safety Requirements for Construction, Care, and UseConstruction, Care, and Use

116116

117117

118118

Pipe, Tube, and Shape Pipe, Tube, and Shape Bending MachinesBending Machines

Safety Requirements for Safety Requirements for Construction, Care, and UseConstruction, Care, and Use

119119

120120

121121

SafeguardingSafeguarding-- ANSI B11.19ANSI B11.19

When referenced by other B11 machine tool When referenced by other B11 machine tool standardsstandards

122122

Safety Mat DeviceSafety Mat Device

Must detect and respond to the presence or Must detect and respond to the presence or absence of the operator or othersabsence of the operator or othersshould be large enough to prevent entryshould be large enough to prevent entry

123123

124124

125125

AwarenessAwareness

Devices or Signals to warn operator or Devices or Signals to warn operator or others of present or approaching hazardothers of present or approaching hazard–– instructioninstruction–– trainingtraining–– signssigns

126126

Safe openingSafe opening

Limits access to hazard by size of opening Limits access to hazard by size of opening or by closing off access when piece is in or by closing off access when piece is in placeplace

127127

Safe position of controlsSafe position of controls

Operator must be at controls stations which Operator must be at controls stations which is anchored at a sufficient distance so that is anchored at a sufficient distance so that he/she cannot reach the hazard area during he/she cannot reach the hazard area during the hazardous portion of the machine cycle the hazardous portion of the machine cycle or until hazardous motion has ceasedor until hazardous motion has ceased

128128

Safe holdingSafe holding

Piece restricts operator and others from Piece restricts operator and others from entering hazard areaentering hazard areasize, shape, weight of piece requires size, shape, weight of piece requires operator to support it with both handsoperator to support it with both handsmay require supplemental safeguarding for may require supplemental safeguarding for protection of operator or others in areaprotection of operator or others in area

129129

Safe Control PositionSafe Control Position

Safe holdingSafe holdingsafe openingsafe openingsafe distancesafe distanceNeed training and supervision to prevent Need training and supervision to prevent tendency of operators to circumvent these tendency of operators to circumvent these measuresmeasures

130130

131131

Hand ToolsHand Tools

Must not shatter if caught in tooling as Must not shatter if caught in tooling as machine cyclesmachine cyclessufficient in length and shape to keep hands sufficient in length and shape to keep hands outside of hazardoutside of hazardof ergonomic design to minimize stress on of ergonomic design to minimize stress on bodybody

132132

Employers must:Employers must:

Ensure that employees know meanings of Ensure that employees know meanings of signs, tags and color codessigns, tags and color codesbe aware of language differences and color be aware of language differences and color blindnessblindnessuse international symbols and pictograms use international symbols and pictograms where possiblewhere possible

133133

134134

Riveter and Spot welder Riveter and Spot welder safeguardingsafeguarding

Mechanically senses obstructions, such as a Mechanically senses obstructions, such as a fingerfingerprobe must be shaped for each probe must be shaped for each piecepartpiecepartconfigurationconfigurationsparks from weldersparks from welder

135135

136136

Safeguarding PrecautionsSafeguarding Precautions

When selecting safeguarding means for any When selecting safeguarding means for any machine the following should be considered:machine the following should be considered:–– Complete a risk assessmentComplete a risk assessment–– Completely review the appropriate OSHA Completely review the appropriate OSHA

regulation and ANSI standard as they applyregulation and ANSI standard as they apply–– Consider all production requirementsConsider all production requirements–– If the hazard exists it must be abatedIf the hazard exists it must be abated