Machine Vision

Software

Douglas DestroOct. 20, 2014

Review

“It is the automatic extraction of information from digital images”

What is Machine Vision?

Parts of a Machine Vision System

LightingLens

SensorVision ProcessingCommunication

Lighting

Lens, and sensors

Vision processing

Communication

OverviewA bit of history and current state

Vision technology started in the 50’s, but the widespread use in industry arouse in the 80’s and 90’s

Early Automatix machine vision system (1983)

OverviewA bit of history and current state

Today, we can find different types of software that are very sophisticated, capable of complex analysis, and user-friendly.

OverviewWhere?

Virtually, every Machine Vision System uses software for image processing, analysis, and communication. It is a key component for its

efficiency and speed.

Another solution

OverviewWho?

Automotive

Agriculture

Consumer goods

Defense

OverviewWhat? When?

There are four common uses of Machine Vision software

DecodingLocation

Counting Measurement

Overview Primary vendors and costs?

RangeFree-$500

Overview Supporting Technology

• Hardware RequirementsMicrosoft Windows PC: Core2Duo, 1 USB or 1 NetworkWork memory: > 256 MBDisplay: VGA 64 K or True Color

• Software RequirementsWindows XP (32 bit): SP3, 1 GB RAMWindows 7 (32, 64 bit): SP1, 2 GB  

Use in Industry

Histogram analysis and equalization

Histogram analysis and equalization

How to automatically brighten dark pixel values and darken light ones?

Performing a histogram equalization is to find an intensity mapping function f(I) such that the resulting histogram is

flat.

This is done by first computing the cumulative distribution function, then applying f(I) = c(I)

Limitations

Lack of contrast (muddy looking)

Noise in dark regions can be amplified and become more visible

There are ways to mitigate these problems:

Using a linear blend between the cumulative distribution function and the identity transform

Standards

http://www.emva.org/cms/upload/Marketing_edocs_download/FSF_Vision_Standard

s_Brochure_A4_screen.pdf

Video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1IF3udt5ClI

Class Application

http://nifty.stanford.edu/2011/parlante-image-puzzle/

References

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_vision#Market

http://www.emva.org/cms/upload/Marketing_edocs_download/FSF_Vision_Standards_Brochure_A4_screen.pdf

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1IF3udt5ClI

http://nifty.stanford.edu/2011/parlante-image-puzzle/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1IF3udt5ClI