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MACQUARIE LINKS ESTATE

MASTERPLAN

TRAFFIC AND PARKING

07th April 2016

Ref: CKC ML0216V01.2

Macquarie Links Estate – TMP 07th April 2016 ii

© Caldwell & Kent Consulting ABN: 67 433 211 945 The information contained in this document is confidential and intended solely for the use of the client for the purpose for which it has been prepared and no representation is made or is to be implied as being made to any third party. All surveys, forecasts and recommendations are made in good faith and on the basis of the information available. Any reference to future market conditions should be regarded as estimates only. The process of making forward projections of such elements involves assumptions about a considerable number of variables and contingencies that are acutely sensitive to changing conditions. While all care is taken as to the accuracy of the information – it is expected that the assumptions used in connection with the report will be reasonable.

Version No.

Author Reviewed by: Date of issue:

1.0 A.M G.C 25/02/16

1.1 A.M G.C 28/02/16

1.2 A.M. Client 07/04/16

Macquarie Links Estate – TMP 07th April 2016 iii

Executive summary

Macquarie Link Estate (the Estate) is a gated community located 42 kilometres south-west of the Sydney

CBD and is part of City of Campbelltown Local Government Area. The Estate has been developed over

last 15 years and comprises 18 Stages with approximately 400 homes and a golf course.

Caldwell & Kent Consulting (CKC) were engaged by Macquarie Links Estate (the Estate) to develop a

Masterplan for introduction of traffic calming measures and to investigate options to increase available

parking provision. The primary objective of this study is to develop an overarching strategy that will

guide the Committee members in selecting treatments of each individual section.

Methodology

CKC has provided Macquarie Links Estate a detailed review of the existing traffic and parking conditions

prevalent with the Estate, which includes the following:

Preliminary Analysis

o Inception Meeting;

o Working Group Meeting;

o Detailed Site Visit;

o Review of Existing Data; and

o Existing Parking Demand Analysis.

CKC have conducted regular on-site observations to better understand to magnitude of the issues.

Existing peak parking demand has been estimated and compared to existing parking supply to

determine estimated short falls.

Identification of Issues

o Identification of Problem Areas;

o Categorisation of Identified Issues;

o Development of Possible Solutions;

o Pros& Cons of each Option Proposed;

o Presentation of the Draft Options to the Committee; and

o Consultation with all the Stake Holders.

As part of this stage, CKC have also included an analysis to outline the recent issues and assess the

effectiveness of the measures undertaken since 2010.

In addition the driving behaviours have been assessed – particularly in regards to speeding at various

points around the Estate. CKC have recommended mitigation and traffic calming measures to address

areas of concern that have been outlined in the report.

Macquarie Links Estate – TMP 07th April 2016 iv

The main issues noticed within the estate include:

The 2015 speed surveys indicated that the 85th percentile average speed at the surveyed

locations varied between 46-56kmph (traditionally 85th percentile speed was used to set speed

limit) within a 40kmph speed environment;

The 2015 surveys suggested that at the majority of the surveyed locations, less than 30% of

vehicles were adhering to the posted speed limit of 40kmp - indicating a traffic calming device is

required at these locations to slow down the vehicles;

The Estate by-laws generally prohibits on-street parking (except in designated areas) however,

residents were observed to be parking along a majority of the streets servicing the Estate; and

The review of the historical data suggested that the installed traffic calming devices along the

section of Macquarie Links Drive have reduced the overall travel speed. However, the 2015

survey results suggested that there are still a proportion of drivers who speed and therefore, the

installed devices are required to be modified to be further effective in slowing down the

vehicles.

CKC have provided a list of recommendations that address these issues including the following:

Introduce traffic calming device along the section of Macquarie Links Drive located North of the

Pedestrian Crossing;

Introduce traffic calming device along the section of Governors Way located west of the existing

pedestrian crossing servicing the bus stop at Stage 2 of the Estate;

Introduce traffic calming device along the section of Governors Way on approach to Apartment

Villas;

Introduce road rumbles along Macquarie Links Drive near the entrance;

Modify the existing slow points to reduce the vehicular speed along the section of Macquarie

Links Drive located near the Golf Course Entrance;

Introduce on-street parking on all the street servicing the Estate;

Modify the existing traffic circulation along the streets servicing the Stage 1, 3, 4, 7, 8,9, 10 & 11

Additionally as part of this review CKC have developed a long term plan including a standard process and

a point scoring system that will assist in assessing whether there is a speeding issue or not. This

assessment will assist in identifying the severity of the issue and help in selecting an appropriate traffic

calming devices. Lastly, we have also prepared a list of strategies to not only increase the on-street

parking provision but also to manage the on-street parking demand.

Draft Report

CKC submitted a draft report to the Committee which was presented to the all the stage representative

at their monthly meeting held on 1st of March 2016. The purpose of the presentation was to explain the

methodology and the reasoning behind the proposed recommendations. As part of the proposed

Macquarie Links Estate – TMP 07th April 2016 v

recommendation multiple options were presented to the Committee summarising the pros and cons of

each measures and the committee was requested to nominate the preferred options/measures to be

included as part of the final report.

Following presentation, the representatives were given two weeks time to review the report including

the findings and provide necessary comments to be included as part of the final report. The list below

provides the summary of the comments raised by the Committee members:

Agreement on modification of the existing Traffic Calming Measure along Macquarie Links at

speed survey Location 2;

Need for Introduction of a Traffic Calming Measure along the Governors Way (Near Stage 2 of

the Estate);

Impact of the existing community bus services on the proposed on-street parking provision;

Preference for introduction of vertical deflection devices over horizontal deflection devices. The

preferred Traffic Calming devices was identified as a Speed Cushions;

Details about the Proposed On-street Parking arrangement along Macquarie Links Drive and

Governors Way;

Limited availability of on-street parking within Villa East and its impact on the residents of Stage

7; and

Request for example of kerb mountable parking implemented elsewhere in NSW.

Key Recommendations

Following the presentation of the Draft Report CKC recommends that the Estate progress with the

actions listed below:

Priority Items

Modify the existing slow points to include speed cushion that will assist in reducing vehicular speed at Location 2;

Introduce traffic calming device (speed cushions)at Location 6 of the speed surveys;

Introduce on-street parking within Stage 3 & Stage 4;

Modify the existing traffic circulation along the streets servicing the Stages 3, & 4;

Introduce traffic calming device (speed cushions) at Governors Way on approach to the pedestrian crossing connecting the recreational area (refer to Section 4.2 of this report);

Introduce traffic calming device (speed cushions) at Location 3 of the speed surveys; and

Introduce on-street parking along Governors Way and Macquarie Links Drive;

Introduce no-stopping zones within the turning area associated with the Cul-de-Sac

The Estate should consider utilising VMS sign on a temporary basis to educate the residents; and

In absence of the enforcement by the authorities the committee is left with only one choice i.e. to enforce the traffic control measures on their own with the assistance from the existing security company.

Macquarie Links Estate – TMP 07th April 2016 vi

Secondary Items

Introduce on-street parking along all the street servicing the Estate;

Modify the existing traffic circulation along the streets servicing the Stage 1, , 7, 8, 9,10 & 11;

Introduce traffic calming device along the section of Governors Way on approach to Apartment

Villas;


Introduce on-street parking along Villa East and modify the existing traffic circulation along the

Jane Jarvis Way.

Macquarie Links Estate – TMP 07th April 2016 vii

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION 1

2 SITE DESCRIPTION 3

2.1 Macquarie Links Estate 3

3 DATA REVIEW 6

3.1 Review of the Speed Surveys 6 3.2 Review of the On-street parking demand 8 3.3 On-Street Parking Demand 10

4 ASSESSMENT OF THE EXISTING CONDITIONS 13

4.1 Review of the Existing Traffic Calming Measures 13 4.2 Review of the existing Pedestrian Facilities 14 4.2 Other Considerations 16

5 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS 17

5.1 Stakeholder Meetings 17 5.2 Stakeholders Consultation 17

6 PROPOSED RECOMMENDATION 18

6.1 Education 18 6.2 Engineering 18 6.2 Enforcement 23 6.3 Long Term Planning 23

7 CONCLUSION 27

8 ATTACHMENTS 27

ATTACHMENT A – PROPOSED RECOMMENDATIONS 27

ATTACHMENT B – PROPOSED ON-STREET PARKING PLAN 27

ATTACHMENT C - PROPOSED TRAFFIC CIRCULATION 27

ATTACHMENT D – ON-STREET PARKING DEMAND 27

ATTACHMENT E – SUMMARY OF 2015 SPEED SURVEY RESULTS 27

ATTACHMENT F – SUMMARY OF COMMENTS FROM STAGE REPRESENTATIVES 27

Macquarie Links Estate – TMP 07th April 2016 viii

List of Tables Table 1 – Summarised Comparison of 2015 and 2010 Speed Survey 6

Table 2 – Summary of 2015 Speed Survey Results 7

Figure 5- Example of Kerb Mountable Parking Implemented in Balmain and Rozelle 9

Table 3 - Summary of On-Street Parking Demand 11

Table 4- Assessment of Identified Issue 25

Table 5 – Plan of Action based on Point Scoring System 26

List of Figures Figure 1 – Site Location Map (Source Google Maps) 1

Figure 2- The Estate - Staging Plan 3

Figure 3 – Bus Stop Locations (Source - Macquarie Links Estate Website) 5

Figure 4 – Speed Survey Locations 7

Figure 5- Example of Kerb Mountable Parking Implemented in Balmain and Rozelle 9

Figure 6 – Proposed Modification to the Existing Slow Point on Macquarie Links Drive (Location 2) 14

Figure 7- Proposed Traffic Calming Device on Approach to Pedestrian Crossing on Governors Way 15

Figure 8- Proposed Modification for Increasing On-street Parking Provision in Villa East 16

Figure 9 – An Example of Paved Parking Arrangement within the Property Frontage 22

Figure 10- An example of Low Cost Parking Introduced Utilising Coarse Gravel Areas 23

Figure 11- Example of a Standard Review Process 24

Abbreviations

CKC Caldwell & Kent Consulting

RMS Roads & Maritime Services (NSW Government)

Austroads Austroads Guide to Traffic Management

AS2890.1 Australian Standard for Off-Street Parking Facilities

AS2890.5 Australian Standard for On-Street Parking

AS2890.6 Australian Standard for Off-Street Parking for People with Disability

Macquarie Links Estate-TMP 07th April 2016 1

1 Introduction Caldwell & Kent Consulting (CKC) were engaged by Macquarie Links Estate (the Estate) to develop a

Masterplan for introduction of traffic calming measures and to investigate options to increase available

parking provision.

Macquarie Links Estate (the Estate) is a gated community located 42 kilometres south-west of the

Sydney CBD and is part of City of Campbelltown Local Government Area. The Estate has been developed

over last 15 years and comprises 18 Stages with approximately 400 homes and a golf course. The Golf

Course is privately owned and includes a proposal for the construction of a new function centre. The

Golf Course operates independently to the residential development and has an adequate on-site parking

provision to cater for the typical operation of the Golf Course and its associated activities.

Figure 1 - Site Location Map (Source Google Maps)

Following tasks were undertaken to develop a Masterplan:

Review of the Speed Surveys;

Review of the On-street parking demand;

Review of the existing traffic calming measures;

Review of the existing Pedestrian Facilities;

Develop a Master Plan to improve the existing Traffic Conditions; and

Identify potential locations for increasing on-site parking provision.


This report presents the findings of the review and provides a Masterplan indicating an overarching

traffic management plan to be implemented within the Estate. As part of the overarching traffic

management plan the on-street parking plan has also been developed.

The report is structured as follows:

Section 2: Site Description

Section 3: Review of the Existing Conditions

Section 4: Stakeholder Consultations

Section 4: Proposed Recommendations

Section 5: Conclusions

Section 6: Attachments

The following documents were referenced for the preparation of this report:

The Road and Maritime Services Guide to Traffic Generating Development;

Australian Standard for Parking Facilities Part 1: Off-Street Car Parking (AS2890.1-2004);

Australian Standard for Parking Facilities Part 5:On-Street Parking Facilities (AS2890.5-1993);

Austroads Guide to Traffic Management Part 8 Local Area Traffic Management; and

Australian Standard for Parking Facilities Part 6: Off-Street Parking for People with Disabilities

(AS2890.6-2009).


2 Site Description 2.1 Macquarie Links Estate

Macquarie Links Estate (the Estate) is a gated community located 42 kilometres south-west of the

Sydney CBD and is part of City of Campbelltown Local Government Area. The Estate has been developed

over last 15 years and comprises 18 Stages with approximately 400 homes and a golf course.

The residential development was completed in a staged process and comprises 14 Stages of housing, 3

stages of villas and 1 apartment strata. The residents also have access to community facilities which

include a swimming pool, tennis court, BBQ and Golf Course all of these facilities have a potential to

generate travel and parking demand.

The Estate operates as a community association (i.e. each completed Stage has an independent Strata

Manager and a committee). In addition to the above there is an executive committee which includes an

Estate Manager whose responsibilities include the maintenance and improvement of the overall estate.

Figure 2- The Estate - Staging Plan


Vehicular access to the Estate is available via Williamson Road and connects to Macquarie Links Drive

which is a private road. The entrance to the Estate is controlled utilising a boomgate control and an

additional security officer is available at the entrance to monitor the vehicles accessing the site.

The following are the two major private roads servicing the Estate which have a posted speed limit of

40kmph:

Governors Way; and

Macquarie Links Drive

Governors Way is a local private road which primarily provides vehicular access to Stages 2, 3, 4, 10, 11,

13, 14 and Peak Villas & Peak Apartment. The carriageway is undivided and comprises one traffic lane in

each direction with no on-street parking provision.

Macquarie Links Drive is a local private road which provides vehicular access to Stages 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12,

15 & Villas East. The carriageway is undivided and comprises one traffic lane in each direction with on-

street parking provision available along sections of Macquarie Links Drive.

We note that all roads servicing the Estate have a posted speed limit of 25kmph except Macquarie Links

Drive and Governors Way (which have a posted speed limit of 40kmph).

Community Buses

The Estate operates regular community bus services on weekday (except for public holidays). The

community bus service connects the Estate with Ingleburn Railway Station and is accessible via the 17

bus stops located across the various section of the Estate. These services operates during the peak

periods (both morning and afternoon peak period) with a frequency of approximately one service every

20 minutes or so.

The figure below presents location of the bus stops across the Estate.


Figure 3 – Bus Stop Locations (Source - Macquarie Links Estate Website)

In addition to the above there are approximately six school bus services which are accessible via the bus

stop located outside the Estate. Please note while determining the on-street parking capacity within the

Estate we have assumed the bus stops to be a maximum of 12 metres long resulting in a loss of two (2)

car spaces per stop.


3 Data Review 3.1 Review of the Speed Surveys

The Estate Committee had received numerous complaints from the residents stating that the vehicles

accessing the Estate were travelling at a higher speed than the posted speed limit. Subsequently, the

Estate had undertaken speed surveys in July 2010. The speed surveys were undertaken utilising

automated tube counts for a 24 hour period across a full week. The surveys were undertaken at five

locations along both Macquarie Links Drive and Governors Way. The survey results confirmed the

residents concern. The survey results showed 60% of the vehicles accessing the Estate exceeded the

posted speed limit (of 40kmph) by up to 20kmph and some uncontrolled individuals were observed to

be travelling at speeds up to 100kmph.

Following review of the speed surveys, the committee identified a few high priority locations to install

traffic calming measures along Macquarie Links Road and Governors Way Road. The committee agreed

to monitor the speed of vehicles by undertaking speed surveys on an annual basis. The recent speed

surveys were undertaken in December 2015 and included an additional location along Governors Way.

A comparison of the 2015 speed survey result (of all vehicles accessing the Estate) with the 2010 results

are summarised in the table below:

Table 1 – Summarised Comparison of 2015 and 2010 Speed Survey

Survey

Year

Speed in in kmph

0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100 100

2010 0.0% 0.3% 1.7% 11.1% 38.0% 36.9% 10.6% 1.2% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0%

2015 0.0% 0.5% 2.9% 23.2% 49.1% 20.5% 3.2% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Difference 0.0% 0.2% 1.2% 12.1% 11.2% -16.4% -7.5% -0.7% -0.1% 0.0% 0.0%

A comparison of the survey results indicate that in 2015 approximately 76% were travelling at a speed

less than or equal 50kmph compared to 51% in 2010 - suggesting that the installed traffic calming

devices are contributing to the desired objective i.e. slowing down the vehicles.

The locations at which the 2015 speed surveys were undertaken is shown on the figure overleaf:


Figure 4 – Speed Survey Locations The 2015 surveyed further indicated that the 85th percentile speed at the surveyed locations varied

between 46-56kmph (traditionally 85th percentile speed was used to set speed limit) within a 40kmph

speed environment. The summary of the speed surveys is summarised in the table below:

Table 2 – Summary of 2015 Speed Survey Results

Location

Less than or equal to

50kmp 50-

60kmph 60kmph

Loc 1 EB (east bound) 80.99% 16.111% 2.895%

Loc 1 WB (west bound) 82.06% 15.339% 2.596%

Loc 2 EB (eastbound) 63.38% 30.158% 6.464%

Loc 2 WB (westbound) 64.77% 29.570% 5.663%

Loc 3 EB (eastbound) 78.57% 18.929% 2.500%

Loc 3 WB (west bound) 67.24% 28.483% 4.282%

Loc 4 EB (eastbound) 94.54% 5.287% 0.172%

Loc 4 WB (west bound) 96.48% 3.288% 0.235%

Loc 5 EB(eastbound) 74.32% 22.328% 3.352%

Loc 5 WB (west bound) 65.16% 27.159% 7.683%

Loc 6 EB (eastbound) 71.55% 25.734% 2.720%

Loc 6 WB (west bound) 86.74% 12.033% 1.224%


The survey results indicate vehicle accessing Location 4 (along Macquarie Links Drive near Jane Jarvis

Way) had a higher proportion of drivers that were adhering to the posted speed limit of 40kmph. We

understand that recently a speed hump was installed at this location which has forced vehicles to slow

down.

Based on our discussion with the representatives we understand that the selected location 2,3,5 & 6 for

the 2015 surveys are new locations (which were not included in the previous surveys). These locations

were selected as the residents had raised the concerns about speeding within the Estate. The review of

the historical data suggested that the installed traffic calming devices along the section of Macquarie

Links Drive have reduced the overall travel speed. However, the 2015 survey results suggested that

there are still a proportion of drivers who speed and therefore, the installed devices are required to be

modified to be further effective in slowing down the vehicles.

Furthermore at Location 3, 5, & 6 less than 30% of vehicles were adhering to the posted speed limit of

40kmp - indicating a traffic calming device is required to slow down the vehicles.

3.2 Review of the On-street parking demand

The Estate is anticipated to reach its full planned growth (approximately 400 homes completed and

occupied) with the completion of the last stage to be finished by the end of this year. As part of the

planning proposal all parking is required to be restricted to on-site i.e. no on-street parking permitted.

However, as a result of the recent growth the Estate has been experiencing a significant increase in the

overall parking demand. This activity has forced residents and their visitors to park on-street thereby

breaching the planning policies of the Estate. Therefore, the Committee is investigating options to

increase the parking provision by introducing on-street parking and opportunities to create additional

parking provision on community lots.

Majority of the street servicing the Estate do not have line markings indicating the on-street parking

provision except a section of Macquarie Links Drive and Governors Way. However, during our site visit

we had observed vehicles were parked on along the remaining majority of the internal streets.

Therefore, in absence of line marking indicating on-street parking zone CKC had established on-street

parking capacity based on the aerial image.

A review of the aerial image indicating the road network servicing the Estate was undertaken to

understand the potential on-street parking capacity within the Estate. In order to determine the on-

street parking capacity along a street we have assumed that the standard parking space will include the

following dimensions:

Space Length – 6.0 metres; and

Space Width – 2.1 metres


Following our review and based on the existing parking utilisation CKC has established that the existing

streets servicing the Estate have a potential to accommodate approximately 719 car spaces.

Furthermore, we had noticed generally on streets where residential homes were located on either side

of the carriageway cars were observed to be parked on both side of the Kerb.

Macquarie Links Drive and Governors Way are the two major roads servicing the Estate. Currently, on-

street parking is available on certain section of both Macquarie Links Drive and Governors Way. The

existing on-street parking along Macquarie Links Drive follows a kerb mountable parking arrangement

(i.e. drivers are required to have their vehicles wheel along the raised section of the kerb) and these

Kerb mountable spaces were observed to have a width of 1.5 metres.

The following photograph indicates the kerb mountable on-street public parking Implemented

elsewhere in NSW.

Figure 5- Example of Kerb Mountable Parking Implemented in Balmain and Rozelle

Generally, both Macquarie Links Drive and Governors Way have a carriageway width of approximately

8.8 metres (Kerb to kerb). Following a review of the on-street parking demand CKC recommends kerb


mountable on-street parking should be introduced on both sides of the carriageway. The Australian

Standard recommends a carriageway width of minimum of 5.5 metres is required to accommodate two-

way traffic flow. Therefore, following introduction of the kerb mountable on-street parking along both

Macquarie Links Drive and Governors Way, on both sides of the carriageway, will result in an effective

carriageway width of 5.8 metres which is considered adequate for accommodating two way traffic flow.

A section of Macquarie Links Drive located to the north of the Golf Course Entrance has a unique

carriageway characteristic comprising low mountable kerb on the western side whereas, the eastern

side of the carriageway accommodates a barrier kerb. Furthermore, residential developments are

located on either side of Macquarie Links Drive - resulting in on-street parking demand on both sides of

the carriageway. In order to introduce on-street parking along this section of Macquarie Links Drive we

recommend the following:

Along Low Mountable kerb – the standard on-street kerb mountable parking should be

introduced; and

Along Barrier kerb – 1.8 metres wide parking bay should be marked.

Following introduction of the on-street parking along the above section of Macquarie Links Drive, on

both sides of the carriageway, will result in an effective carriageway width of 5.5 metres which is

considered adequate for accommodating two way traffic flow.

The carriageways of internal roads servicing the Estate have a width ranging from 5.0-7.0 metres. The

introduction of on-street parking, on both sides of the kerb, will result in an effective carriageway width

of approximately 3.0-4.0 metres which is considered inadequate to accommodate two way flows.

Therefore, in order to introduce on-street parking along internal roads servicing the Estate, some of the

existing streets are required to be converted to accommodate one-way circulation. Detailed breakdown

of the parking capacity along each individual streets are presented as Table 4.

In order to develop the traffic circulation, along the various section of the Estate, we have adopted the

Standard Clockwise vehicular circulation approach practiced in Australia. For determining the direction

of travel along the intermediate streets we have utilised the existing on-street parking behaviour. For

example, vehicles were parked on both sides of kerb along James Meehan Way and a majority of the

cars were noticed to park with their nose facing in an eastern direction, therefore the direction of travel

along this street was proposed to allow vehicles to travel from west to east (i.e Lord Castlereagh CCT to

Barrack CCT). Attachment C presents the proposed modifications to the traffic circulations to

compliment the introduction of on-street parking.

3.3 On-Street Parking Demand

The Estate is a residential development and the majority of the residents are likely to be home at night

time. Therefore the Estate is highly likely to experience peak parking demand during the night time and

weekends. To understand the current parking demand experienced within the Estate on-street parking

surveys were undertaken on a weeknight and a Saturday night.


The survey results indicated 158 cars and 211 cars were parked on-street on a weeknight and Saturday

night respectively. The Estate experienced greater parking demand on a Saturday night than the

Weeknight- this behaviour is anticipated as the residents are likely to attract visitors on a weekend.

Attachment D presents a detailed breakdown of the existing on-street parking demand experienced on

individual streets across the Estate.

Table 3 - Summary of On-Street Parking Demand

Name of Street Capacity (No. of car spaces)

WEEKNIGHT PARKING DEMAND (No. of car spaces)

WEEKEND PARKING DEMAND (No .of car spaces)

Macquarie Links Drive between R/B and Pedestrian Crossing 33 10 20

Macquarie Links Drive between Second Chicane and Bend 15 2 2

Macquarie Links Drive between Bend and Hebrides Ave 34 10 11

Macquarie Links Drive between Hebrides Ave and Jane Jarvis Place 24

5 9

Macquarie Link Drive between Jane Jarvis Place and Dromedary Place 9

4 5

Dromedary Place 24 13 15

Jarvisfield Place 25 8 5

Jane Jarvis Way 12 3 5

Hebrides Avenue 34 5 2

Homestead CCT (left) 10 1 2

Homestead CCT (West) 30 2 12

Homestead CCT (South) 4 0 2



Governors Way Between Macquarie Link and Elizabeth

Governors Way Between Elizabeth and R/B (Southside) 30 5 5

Governors Way Between Elizabeth and R/B (North side) 17 0 1

Governors Way Between R/B and Lord Castlereagh CCT 10 8 16

Governors Way Between Lord Castlereagh CCT and Lockbourne 106 8 14

Governors Way Between Lockbourne and to the End 40 9 5

Forbes Ave 34 4 2

Elizabeth Henrietta Circuit 32 5 5

Lord Castlereagh CCT 5 1 0

Lord Castlereagh CCT North Loop 15 5 2

Lord Castlereagh CCT South Loop 15 3 5

Barrack CCT North 15 6 8

Barrack CCT East 6 2 4

Barrack CCT South 13 5 9

James Meehan Way 32 8 24

Strathwallen Close (left of Lockbourne) 10 5 1


Strathwallen Close (right of Lockbourne) 30 8 7

Rebellion Place 41 8 6

Total Capacity 719 158 211

It is evident from the above surveys that the Estate experiences relatively lower parking demand (i.e.

one third of the total on-street parking capacity) and the existing parking supply of approximately 719

car spaces is more than adequate to cater for any potential increase in parking demand. Furthermore, a

review of the on-street parking demand on individual streets indicates that the parking demand is less

than the parking capacity of the street.

In future if the Estate experiences a greater parking demand than the existing parking capacity of the

Estate there are potential areas which can be modified to further increase the on-street parking

provision by introducing parking along the Golf Course frontage.

Furthermore, during our site visit we had observed vehicles were parked within the turning area

associated with the Cul-de-Sac for example, Jarvisfield Place, Strathwallen Close, and Dromedary Place.

This behaviour of the residents prohibits vehicles from turning around and forces drivers to utilise the

driveways to turn around thereby intruding the privacy of the residents. To mitigate this we recommend

“No-Stopping” areas should be introduced within the turning areas and the residents be advised to

utilise available on-street parking. Attachment B presents the proposed on-street parking plan.


4 Assessment of the Existing Conditions 4.1 Review of the Existing Traffic Calming Measures

There are number of traffic calming devices installed within the Estate and consists of the following

devices:

Speed Humps;

Roundabouts;

Slow Points;

Raised Pedestrian Crossing; and

Marked Pedestrian Crossing.

These devices are located along Macquarie Links Drive and Governors Way. The review of the 2015

speed surveys suggests that these devices are generally slowing down the vehicles except the slow

points (Slow Points represents a series of kerb extensions on alternating or opposite sides of the

roadway, which narrows and/or angle the roadway) located along Macquarie Links Drive. The review of

the historical data suggested that the installed traffic calming devices along the section of Macquarie

Links Drive have reduced the overall travel speed. However, the 2015 survey results suggested that

there are still a proportion of drivers who speed and therefore, the installed devices are required to be

modified to be further effective in slowing down the vehicles.

To mitigate this CKC recommend the exiting slow points should be modified to include a vertical

deflection device (i.e. speed cushions) resulting in a Hybrid solution. The only disadvantage of

introducing the vertical clearance device is that it may increase traffic noise level due to the increased

number of braking and accelerating actions and the vertical displacement of vehicles and goods.

Alternatively, the geometry of these slow points can be modified to create a Horizontal Deflection which

is required to slow down the vehicles. Note that the horizontal deflection should be moderately

increased to ensure large vehicles can still manoeuvre through.

The review of the existing slow points along Macquarie Links Drive suggested that these slow points are

located near the resident houses and therefore, the introduction of vertical deflection devices may

result in an increase in traffic noise levels. The slow point located near 21 Macquarie Links Drive has only

one residential house located on approach to this device and thus, as part of the priority

recommendations we suggest modifying the existing slow point along Macquarie Links Drive (located at

21 Macquarie Links Drive) to include vertical deflection devices. The proposed recommendation is

shown in Figure 6 presented overleaf. CKC recommends the committee should continue monitoring the

speeds on an annual basis – this will assist in assessing the effectiveness of the installed devices.


Figure 6 – Proposed Modification to the Existing Slow Point on Macquarie Links Drive (Location 2)

4.2 Review of the existing Pedestrian Facilities

CKC had undertaken a site visit to identify the potential pedestrian activity generators located within the

Estate. The site visit indicated that the major pedestrian activity generators are as follows:

Entrance to the Golf Club;

Entrance to the Community Recreational Centre; and

Bus Stop servicing the buses operated by the Estate.

The review further indicated the above locations were serviced by a dedicated raised pedestrian

crossing with the exception of the marked pedestrian crossing connecting the Community Recreational

Centre. The marked pedestrian crossing is located on a curved section of Governors Way, north of the

intersection of Governors Way and Macquarie Links Drive which results in limited visibility of the on-

coming vehicles. The limited visibility along the marked pedestrian crossing is likely to result in an unsafe

condition for both the pedestrians and the vehicles accessing this area. There are potentially two

options to mitigate this-either to convert this marked pedestrian crossing into a raised pedestrian

crossing which will slow down the vehicles or to introduce a speed hump on approach to the marked

pedestrian crossing.

INTRODUCE

SPEED CUSHIONS


Figure 7- Proposed Traffic Calming Device on Approach to Pedestrian Crossing on Governors Way


4.2 Other Considerations

The discussions with the representatives indicated the residents of Villa East, were observed to utilising

the community owned land located within Stage 7 of the Estate to park their vehicle. However, our

observations (from the on-street parking) suggested the existing on-street parking within Villa East was

underutilised. Thus the availability of the on-street parking spaces indicate the existing on-street parking

provision is adequate to cater for the on-street parking demand generated by the residents of the Villa

East.

In an event the on-street parking demand generated by the residents of Villa East is greater than the

available parking supply – the committee can consider either of the following two options:

Modify the existing two way traffic flow along Jane Jarvis Way to accommodate one way (i.e. in

southbound direction) and introduce on-street parking along eastern side of the kerb. The

recommended traffic flow and the on-street parking conditions presented in the Figure 8;

and/or

Introduce parking along the community owned land – we understand this exercise is likely to be

expensive than the first option.

Figure 8- Proposed Modification for Increasing On-street Parking Provision in Villa East


5 Stakeholder Consultations 5.1 Stakeholder Meetings

Caldwell & Kent Consulting (CKC) attended the Executive Committee meeting with the representatives

of individual Stages of the Estate. The purpose of the meeting was to understand the traffic and parking

issues encountered within various stages of the Estate- which provides valuable help in staging the

proposed recommendation works.

The committee meeting was organised in December 2015 and was attended by most of the

representatives of the individual stages. During the meeting a majority of the stage representatives

indicated generally the residents adhere to the posted speed however the Estate is experiencing a

change in the demographic characteristic of the resident. Traditionally the residents of the Estate

comprised of experienced drivers however with the demographical changes in the age groups it now

includes a proportion of teenagers who are considered as inexperienced drivers and are generally

vulnerable to breaking the implemented road rules/conditions.

In relation to the parking behaviour of the residents, the representatives suggested that the Estate has

experienced a significant increase in car ownership as the children of the residents have now started

driving. Furthermore, the representatives suggested that the children of residents of the Estate are

continuing to live at home for longer due to the economic/real estate growth experienced across NSW.

The representative further suggested that the number of residents are now utilising their garages for

storage resulting in vehicles parked on-street- which is a breach of the by-laws.

There was a general consensus among the representatives to reconsider the by-laws to introduce on-

street parking. Lastly, one of the stage representative suggested in order to increase on-street parking

provision, the residents of Estate would prefer modification of the existing traffic circulation to

accommodate one way circulation.

5.2 Stakeholders Consultation

We recommend that the Committee should continue engaging with residents to identify the areas that

require upgrade/needs to be investigated. Furthermore the standard process for introduction of a by-

law should include a consultation session with the residents to inform them about the proposed

amendments and the likely benefits these amendments will provide. Following a feedback from the

residents if deemed appropriate the Committee should reconsider the modifications to address/include

any comments provided.


6 Proposed Recommendation The primary objective of a successful and efficient traffic management system is to create safer road

network for all road users including pedestrians. The traffic management system should include as a

minimum the fundamental 3 E’s of traffic engineering principles which are as follows:

Education;

Engineering; and

Enforcement.

6.1 Education

Based on our discussion with the Committee and Stakeholders we understand that a proportion of the

resident drivers comprise of teenagers who have recently started driving. There is a probability that

these drivers are unaware of the prevailing conditions implemented within the Estate.

Therefore to educate the residents of the prevailing conditions implemented within the Estate adequate

signage should be installed within the Estate. This may be undertaken by the form of road marking

indicating the applicable speed limits within the Estate or Leaflet drop out indicating of the changes

implemented on the site or messages on the Estate website/community notice board.

Recent research studies have indicated that the use of Variable Message Sign (VMS) informing the

individual vehicle travel speed accompanied by proper enforcement were effective in implementing the

posted speed limit. Therefore, CKC recommends that the Estate should utilise this VMS sign on a

temporary basis to educate the residents.

6.2 Engineering

In relation to the engineering measures the following Traffic Calming devices were reviewed and pros

and cons of each measure are discussed in this section.

Based on the review of the Austroads Guide to Traffic Management following are the effective measures

for reducing the travel speed:

Vertical Deflection ; and

Horizontal Deflection.

Vertical Deflection

As the name suggests these are the devices which results in vertical deflection of vehicles and thus

forcing drivers to slow down while negotiating these devices. The following are the standard equipment

that can be used to introduce vertical deflection to slow down the vehicles:

Road Hump;

Road Cushions;


Flat Top Road Hump;

Wombat Crossing; and

Raised Pavement.

The pros and cons of the above vertical deflection equipments are as follows:

Pros

Results in significant reduction in vehicle speeds;

Relatively low cost to install and maintain;

Likely to discourage through traffic;

Cons

Traffic noise level may increase due to the increased number of braking and accelerating actions and the vertical displacement of vehicles and goods;

Uncomfortable for vehicle passengers; and

Adversely affect access for buses, commercial vehicles and emergency vehicles. Furthermore, from our on-site discussions we understand there is a considerable opposition (from the

residents) to the installation of vertical deflection traffic calming measures.

Horizontal Deflections

The alternative form of devices to slow the vehicles is to introduce horizontal deflection and following

are the equipment which can be used to introduce Horizontal deflection required to slow down the

drivers:

Kerb Extensions;

Slow Points;

Centre Blisters; and

Roundabout.

The pros and cons of the horizontal deflection equipment are as follows:

Pros

they reduce vehicle speeds when properly designed and installed;

they prevent vehicles from overtaking each other;

they can provide a refuge for pedestrians and cyclists crossing the street;

their flexibility in design allows buses and commercial traffic to be accommodated;

they may visually enhance the street through landscaping; and

they have relatively little effect on emergency vehicles.


Cons

they reduce the amount of available kerbside parking;

possible increase in traffic noise;

Will inhibit vehicular access arrangement to the driveways located within the vicinity of the slow point; and

Drivers may mistake an empty kerbside parking lane for a traffic lane resulting in a potential unsafe road environment.

A review of the 2015 speed surveys and our on-site observations indicated the following locations require a traffic calming devices:

Introduce traffic calming device at Location 3 of the speed surveys;



Introduce road rumbles along Macquarie Links Drive near the entrance; and

Modify the existing slow points to reduce the vehicular speed at Location 2. A copy of the proposed recommendation is presented as Attachment A. Spacing between various Traffic Calming Devices A number of studies were undertaken by the various road research authorities to identify the maximum spacing between traffic calming devices. These studies concluded that within a 40kmpn road environment- the traffic calming devices which have the potential to reduce speeds to 20kmph should be spaced at a maximum of 120 metres. The review of the historical speed data suggests that following introduction of speed calming devices along Macquarie Links Drive there has been a substantial reduction in vehicle speeds. However, the 2015 surveys suggests that there are still a proportion of drivers who speed and therefore, the installed devices are required to be modified to be further effective in slowing down the vehicles. CCK has recommended modifying the existing slow points to include vertical deflection devices which are likely to improve the performance of these slow points. As an alternative the committee can investigate opportunities to introduce additional slow points along Macquarie Links Drive. As the research studies suggested closely spaced devices are also likely to result in reduction of vehicle speeds and thus, increasing the operational efficiencies of these slow points. Development of Final Report

CKC submitted a draft report to the Committee which was presented to the all the stage representative

at their monthly meeting held on 1st of March 2016. The purpose of the presentation was to explain the

methodology and the reasoning behind the proposed recommendations. As part of the proposed

recommendation multiple options were presented to the Committee summarising the pros and cons of

each measures and the committee was requested to nominate the preferred options/measures to be

included as part of the final report.


Following presentation, the representatives were given two weeks time to review the report including

the findings and provide necessary comments to be included as part of the final report. The list below

provides the summary of the comments raised by the Committee members:

Agreement on modification of the existing Traffic Calming Measure along Macquarie Links at

speed survey Location 2;

Need for Introduction of a Traffic Calming Measure along the Governors Way (Near Stage 2 of

the Estate);

Impact of the existing community bus services on the proposed on-street parking provision;

Preference for introduction of vertical deflection devices over horizontal deflection devices. The

preferred Traffic Calming devices was identified as a Speed Cushions;

Details about the Proposed On-street Parking arrangement along Macquarie Links Drive and

Governors Way;

Limited availability of on-street parking within Villa East and its impact on the residents of Stage

7; and

Request for example of kerb mountable parking implemented elsewhere in NSW.

Detailed lists of the comments from the Stage Representatives on the draft report are presented as

Attachment F.

Key Recommendations

Following the presentation of the Draft Report CKC recommends that the Estate progress with the

actions listed below:

Priority Items

Modify the existing slow points to include speed cushion that will assist in reducing vehicular speed at Location 2;

Introduce traffic calming device (speed cushions)at Location 6 of the speed surveys;

Introduce on-street parking within Stage 3 & Stage 4;

Modify the existing traffic circulation along the streets servicing the Stages 3, & 4;

Introduce traffic calming device (speed cushions) at Governors Way on approach to the pedestrian crossing connecting the recreational area (refer to Section 4.2 of this report);

Introduce traffic calming device (speed cushions) at Location 3 of the speed surveys; and

Introduce on-street parking along Governors Way and Macquarie Links Drive;

Introduce “no-stopping zones” within the turning area associated with the Cul-de-Sac

The Estate should consider utilising VMS sign on a temporary basis to educate the residents; and

In absence of the enforcement by the authorities the committee is left with only one choice i.e. to enforce the traffic control measures on their own with the assistance from the existing security company.

Secondary Items


Introduce on-street parking along all the street servicing the Estate;

Modify the existing traffic circulation along the streets servicing the Stage 1, , 7, 8, 9,10 & 11;

Introduce traffic calming device (speed cushions) along the section of Governors Way at

Location 5;


Introduce on-street parking along Villa East and modify the existing traffic circulation along the

Jane Jarvis Way.

Future Considerations The assessment of the existing traffic and parking conditions within the Estate suggested that the

proposed recommendations should be adequate to resolve the identified issues. However, in an event if

it is observed that the proposed recommendations are inadequate and additional measures are required

to improve the traffic and parking facilities. CKC recommends the Committee should consider (but not

limited) to the following actions;

Investigate options to connect Stage 4 with the Governors Way;

Investigate options to connect Governors Way and Macquarie Links Drive via Dromedary Place;

and

Introduce parking along the community owned land.

The images presented below indicate examples of on-street parking introduced along the community

owned areas.

Figure 9 – An Example of Paved Parking Arrangement within the Property Frontage


Figure 10- An example of Low Cost Parking Introduced Utilising Coarse Gravel Areas

6.2 Enforcement

Based on our discussions with the Management Committee we understand the committee had

requested both the NSW Police and Campbelltown City Council for assistance in enforcing the posted

speed limits and on-street parking restrictions implemented within the Estate. Both the authorities have

declined the committee’s request suggesting that the road network servicing the Estate is privately

owned and therefore, it is outside their respective jurisdiction.

In absence of the enforcement by the authorities the committee is left with only one choice i.e. to

undertake the enforcement on their own. We understand in the past the Committee had employed the

existing security company to undertake random speed observations to record the details of the vehicles

speeding within the Estate. We also understand that there is a provision under the Estate bylaws which

permits the Committee to restrict a particular vehicle from accessing the Estate.

We encourage the Committee to continue engaging the security personals to randomly record the

details of the speeding vehicles. Following which the speeding drivers should be banned (for a short

duration) from entering the Estate.

6.3 Long Term Planning

The Estate committee should consider developing/implementing a standard process for identifying the

potential areas which are experiencing speeding issues. This process can also be utilised to ascertain the

type of traffic calming devices required to mitigate the identified issues. This process can become a

standard to categorise issues, prioritise each issue and provide mitigations strategy.

The chart below provides an example of the standard process applied to “speeding”.


Figure 11- Example of a Standard Review Process

Residents or Representatives makes a complaint about

speeding in an area

The committee reviews the complaint

If speed surveys were undertaken at this location the

committee representattiive reviews this data or else

commssions the surveys and then review the data

Review is undertaken in accordannce with the scoring points template developed as

part of this study

Determines if a action is required or not

If Action is required the concept measure is presented to the

committee

If committee is satisfied with the proposal than funds are

allocated for implementing the recommended measure

Prior to insatallation a public notification is undertaken

Recommended measure is installed

the surveys are repeated post installation to determine the effectiveness of the installed

measure if the issue is not resolved this process is repated


The Estate will need to develop a system to evaluate the severity of each issue. The point scoring system

was developed with reference to the Austroads Guide to Traffic Management System - used by majority

of Council’s around Australia to identify, develop and implementing a Local Area Traffic Management

System.

The Guide recommends the point scoring system should include the review the existing traffic

conditions including the crash history.

Table 4- Assessment of Identified Issue

Traffic Data Value

Type of Street

Internal Road Local Road

Traffic Speed 85th Percentile Speed (increase over the posted speed limit)

>3km 1 0

>5km 3 2

>8km 5 4

>10km 8 6

>13km 12 10

>15km 15+5 for per

5km 12 +2 per

5km

Traffic Volumes across one week (two-way flow) >1000 1 0

>2000 3 2

>3000 7 6

>3500 10 8

>4000 13 + 3 per

500 10 + 2 per

500

Peak hour Traffic Volumes per hour (two-way flow) >50 1 0

>100 3 2

>150 5 4

>200 8 + 2 per 50 6 + 2 per 50

Crash History over 3 years 1 1 0

2 3 2

3 5 4

Fatal Crash

Should be immediately investigated

Should be immediately investigated

Activity Generator Low 3 2

Medium 5 4

High 7 6

Following table provides the plan of action based and priority ranking system based on the point scoring

table:


Table 5 – Plan of Action based on Point Scoring System

Decision Total Point

Score Action response

Denoted as technical problem site More than

30

Consider introducing Traffic Calming

devices

Denoted as a minor technical problem site

20-30

Consider introducing signage and line marking exercise and undertake a

review in after one year

Denoted as a site with low safety and amenity concern Less than 20

No further action required

On-Street Parking Demand

In an event the on-street parking demand exceeds the identified parking capacity than the Committee

should consider (but not limited) to the following actions;

investigate opportunities to increase on-street parking by modifying the existing on-street

parking configuration for example, introducing on-street parking along the golf course end of

the kerb;

Investigate opportunities to introduce parking within the community owned land; and

Introduce measures to encourage usage of sustainable modes of transport.

Introduce policy to restrict car ownership i.e. maximum number of vehicles a resident can own

(Highly Contentious but mentioned to ensure all possibilities are stated);


7 Conclusion The Estate has a potential to introduce an on-street parking provision of approximately 719 car

spaces.

On-street parking surveys indicated that the Estate experiences a peak parking demand of

approximately 211 cars on a Saturday night- indicating the on-street parking provision is more

than adequate to cater for the existing parking demand.

A comparison of the survey results indicate that in 2015 approximately 76% were travelling at a

speed less than or equal 50kmph compared to 51% in 2010 - suggesting that the installed traffic

calming devices are achieving their desired objective i.e. slowing down the vehicles.

We understand that a proportion of the resident drivers comprise of teenagers who have

recently started driving and therefore, CKC recommends that the Estate should consider utilising

the VMS signs on a temporary basis to educate the residents.

A review of the 2015 speed surveys and our on-site observations indicated the following locations require a traffic calming devices:

o Introduce traffic calming device at Location 3 of the speed surveys; o Introduce traffic calming device at Location 6 of the speed surveys; o Introduce traffic calming device at Location 5 of the speed surveys; o Introduce road rumbles along Macquarie Links Drive near the entrance; and o Modify the existing slow points to reduce the vehicular speed at Location 2

In absence of the enforcement by the authorities - the committee is left with only one choice i.e.

to enforce the traffic control measures on their own with the assistance from the existing

security company.

8 Attachments

Attachment A – Proposed Recommendations

Attachment B – Proposed On-Street Parking Plan

Attachment C - Proposed Traffic Circulation

Attachment D – On-Street Parking Demand

Attachment E – Summary of 2015 Speed Survey Results

Attachment F – Summary of Comments from Stage Representatives

macquarie links estate masterplan traffic and parking€¦ · introduce traffic calming device...

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