macromolecules. how to build a polymer dehydration synthesis joins monomers by “taking” h 2 o...
TRANSCRIPT
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Macromolecules
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How to build a polymer
dehydration synthesis joins monomers by “taking” H2O out requires energy
& enzymes
• Structure and function of polymers are derived from the way their monomers are assembled [4.A.1.a]
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How to break down a polymer
Hydrolysis use H2O to break apart monomers ex: digestion
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Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are composed of C, H, O carbo - hydr - ate
(CH2O)x
Function:
Monomer:
Examples:
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Numbered carbons
C
CC
C
CC
1'
2'3'
4'
5'
6'
O
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Building sugars
Dehydration synthesis builds sugars [4.A.1.a.4]
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Simple & complex sugarsSUGAR FORM EXAMPLE
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Polysaccharides Function:
energy storage starch (plants) glycogen (animals)
building materials = structure cellulose (plants) chitin (arthropods & fungi)
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Polysaccharides
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Cellulose
The nature of carbohydrate bonds determines their orientation and thus the
structure [4.A.1.b.3]
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Lipids
Function:
Structure:
Examples:
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Phospholipids
Hydrophobic or hydrophilic? fatty acid tails = hydrophobic PO4 = hydrophilic head