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TRANSCRIPT
Macromolecules -‐ Carbs Ms. Mar'nez
What is a macromolecule?
• Large molecules formed by linking together small molecules
There are four types of macromolecules: 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
Elements
• What elements make up a carbohydrate? (Recall from yesterday)
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
• Ra'o of 1 O : 2 H : 1 C
Structure
Monomer / Polymer
• Mono means…
• Poly means …
One or single
Many
Building Polymers
• Disaccharide means …
2 monomers
Polysaccharide
Think about it…
• Starch dissolves in water, but cellulose does not. Both consist of glucose molecules. Why is that?
Starch is branched or twisted Cellulose is long straight chains
FuncBon • Energy source – monosaccharide and disaccharide • Ex: Glucose, sucrose, lactose
• Energy storage – polysaccharide • Ex: Glycogen stores energy in the liver and muscle (when the body needs energy, it breaks it down into glucose to be used)
• Structural Support – polysaccharide • Ex: Cellulose (in cell walls of plants) • Ex: Chi'n (component in the hard shells of shrimp, lobster, and insects)
Examples