madhavi - bheeshm saahani - gist

eSlwj fo’ofo|kfuy; iB~;dze ukVd ek/koh & ukVddkj Hkh”e lkguh & lkjka’k izks , ukjk;.k izlkn

ukVd ek/koh & ukVddkj Hkh”e lkguh & lkjka’k izks , ukjk;.k izlkn

Ekk/koh

ukVddkj

Hkh”e lkguh

Lkkjka’k

izks , ukjk;.k izlkn

v/;{k] fganh foHkkx] ljdkjh foKku dkWyst] gklu] dukZVd

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blog: naps hindi/blogspot.com

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ek/koh & Hkh”e lkguh

rhu vad ds bl ukVd esa dqy nl n`’; gS aA igys vad esa vkSj

rhljs vad esa rhu&rhu n`’; rFkk nwljs vad esa pkj n`’; g aSA bu

vadksa ;k n`’;ksa dh lgk;rk ls Hkh”e lkguh th ;g dguk pkgrs gSa

fd ;g nqfu;k enksZa dh nqfu;k gS] tgkWa L=h dh Hkkoukvksa ls u

dsoy NsM&NkM fd;k tkrk gS cfYd eerk] d:.kk] okRlY; vkfn

L=h xq.k ek= fufer gSA

bl ukVd ds eq[; ik= gaS] ek/koh vkSj xkyoA ;g nksuksa ik=

ukVd ds izkjaHk ls ysdj var rd fopjrs gSaA ;g nksuksa L=h vkSj

iq:”k dh thou ‘kSyh] lkspus dk <ax] ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk lkeuk djus

dk lkgl] vkfn dks n’kkZrs gSaA ,d vksj LokHkhekuh] bBh] e;kZnk

ds fy, dqN Hkh djus okyk iq:”k] lekt esa ges’kk mUur LFkku

ij gh jgus dh bPNk] viuh bPNk dks iwjk djus ds fy, fdlh Hkh

gn rd tkus okyk iq:”k&viuh e;kZnk dks cpkus ds fy, L=h dk

mi;ksx fuLladksprk ls djds ek= viuh bPNk iw.kZ gksus ds fy,

vkJ; nsrk gS rFkk viuk dke gksrs gh L=h dh vksj /;ku u nsus

okyk iq:”k dk fp=.k gqvk gSA nwljh vksj ,sls iq:”kksa ds chp bu

lcdh dViqryh cuh ukjh dk thou dk eeZLi’kZ fp=.k bl ukVd

essa gqvk gSA

n`’;&01

ukVd ds izkjaHk esa dFkkuk;d ls ;g irk pyrk gS fd ukVd dk

ewy m)s’; D;k gSA ukVd dh dFkkoLrq drZO;ijk;.krk gSA euq”;

dks] [kkl rkSj ij iq:”k dks] ekrk&firk] xq: rFkk /keZ ds izfr

drZO; dk ikyu djuk lPph lk/kuk dgh tkrh gSA ,sls gh ik=

egkHkkjr esa vkrk gS] ftldk uke gS ^xkyo*A ;g ik= fn, opu

dk ikyu djus esa fu”B gSA tc xkyo vius opu dks iwjk u dj

lds rc vkRegR;k djus pys xaxk ds rV ijA rc Hkxoku fo”.kq

vius okgu x:M dks budh j{kk djus gsrq Hkstrs gSaA x:M

czkg~e.k dk os”k /kkj.k djds xkyo ds ikl vkrs gSa vkSj mudh



O;Fkk dks lqudj egku nkuh ;;kfr ds ikl tkus dh lykg nsrs

gSaA

;;kfr cius lkezkT; dks R;kx dj vkJe xzg.k dj pqds gSaA

vkJeoklh gksus ds ckn Hkh vFkkZr~ lc dqN R;kx nsus ds ckn Hkh

vkJe mudks lwuk&lwuk yxrk gSA vkJeoklh Hkh blls fpafrr gksrs

gaSA vkJeokfl;ksa dks yxrk gS fd ;;kfr dks jktikV dk /kwe/kke]

ogkWa dh gj lq[k&lqfo/kk,Wa] ges’kk iz’kalk djusokys njckjh ls nwj

jguk vkSj bl ou ds dBksj thou ds dkj.k ;;kfr dks vkJe

lwuk&lwuk yx jgk gSA ijarq] jkt&lRrk vkSj vf/kdkj dks R;kx

djusokys ;;kfr lnk vius /keZ dk ikyu djrs vk, gaS] vius

firjksa dh iwtk&vkjk/kuk djuk dHkh Hkwys ugha gSA nkuohjksa esa

;;kfr dk uke lR; gfj’panz rFkk nkuohj d.k Z ds lkFk rqyuk dh

tkrh gSA ,sls ;;kfr dks u iz’kaldksa dh yyd gksxh u lq[k&,s’o;Z

dk eksgA ‘kk;n buds eu esa viuh csVh ek/koh dk Lo;aoj jpkus

dh fpark gksxhA

vkJe esa cls ;;kfr ds ikl xkyo vk igqWaprk gSA vkrs gh og

;;kfr ls lgk;rk dh vis{kk djrk gSA xkyo] tks czg~e_f”k

fo’okfe= dk f’k”; gS rFkk ckjg lky esa ckjg fo|kvksa dk ikjaxr

gks x;k gS] f’k{kk dh lekfIr ds ckn vius xq: fo’okfe= dks xq:

nf{k.kk nsuk pkgA ftls fo’okfe= Vky nsrs g aSA ijarq] tc xkyo

vkxzg djrk gS fd muls xq:nf+{k.kk ysuk gh gS rc] vkB lkS

v’oes/kh ?kksM+ksa dh ekWax lqudj xkyo dks irk yxrk gS fd og

bls iwjk u dj ldrk gSA blhfy, og vkRegR;k djus x;k Fkk]

tgkWa nkuohj ;;kfr ds ckjs esa irk pyrk gS vkSj og pyk vkrk gS

;;kfr ds vkJe esaA

;;kfr ;g lc lqudj xkyo dks le>krs gSa fd os vc vkJeoklh

gks x, gSa] vc os lgk;rk ugha dj ldrs gSa] lkFk esa] ;g Hkh

dgrs gSa fd fo’okfe= ls os cksysaxs fd bl xq:nf{k.kk dks j) djas]

rqe tkdj {kek&;kpuk djksA ijarq] xkyo tks opu&c) gS] fdlh

Hkh fLFkfr esa xq:&nf{k.kk nsuk gh pkgrk gS] ;;kfr ls ;gk;rk u

feyus ij ykSVus dks vkSj dgha nwljh txg lgk;rk ekWaxus ds fy,

mB [kMk gks tkrk gSA ;;kfr] ftudks lR; gfj’panz vkSj nkuohj



d.kZ ds lkFk rqyuk dh tkrh gS] vius thou esa igyh ckj fdlh

dks [kkyh gkFk ykSVkuk iM+ jgk gSA blls os fpafrr Hkh gS D;ksafd]

vc ds ckn dksbZ ;;kfr dks u lR; gfj’panz ls rqyuk djuk

pkgrk gS u d.kZ lsA bl vkRe lEeku dh pqukSrh dks ;;kfr dks

Lohdkj djuk gh iM+kA rqjar viuh csVh ek/koh dks xkyo ds gkFkksa

nku ds :i esa nsdj dgrs gSa fd T;ksfrf”k;ksa dk dguk gS fd

ek/koh ds xHkZ ls tUe ysusokyk cPpk pdzorhZ cusxkA vFkkZr~ dksbZ

Hkh jktk ek/koh dks ikdj vkB lkS v’oes/kh NksM+ksa dks nsxk ghA

blfy, esjh csVh ek/koh dks lkFk ys tkukA

Ekk/koh vius dks ;;kfr }kjk xkyo dks lkSais tkus ij vk’p;Z ds

lkFk O;fFkr Hkh gksrh gSA viuh vkifRr dks trkrs gq, iwNrh gS fd

mldh ekWa vkt ftank gksrh rks D;k bl rjg nku nsus dks Lohdkj

djrh\ ijarq] ;;kfr ftudks viuh ^nkuohjrk* dks cuk;s j[kuk

Fkk] opu ns pqds FksA ;;kfr ds fy, mudk opu] /keZ] nku gh

loZJ”B jghA bl dk;Z esa u os viuh csVh ls lykg ekWaxs Fks vkSj

u csVh dh Hkkoukvksa dks e;kZnk nhA ;;kfr xkyo dh xq: fu”Bk]

drZO;ikjk;.krk ls izHkkfor gks pqds FksA

bl ?kVuk ds ckn vkJeokfl;ksa dk lkspuk ;g Fkk fd ;;kfr

vutku ;qod ds lkFk ek/koh dks Hkstuk] fcuk lksps csVh dk nku

djuk] lUrku ds izfr firk dk drZO; u fuHkkuk] ;’k dh ykylk

esa ,slk djuk vPNk ugha gSA os ;;kfr ls vkxzg djrs gSa fd

ek/koh dks okil cqyk yk,A

n`’;&02

xkyo ds eu esa cgqr lkjk fopkj meM+rk gSA ,d vksj ;g lkspus

yxrk gS fd ;fn ek/koh dks og [kqn ik ysxk rks] ek/koh ds xHkZ

ls tUe ysusokyk pdzorhZ cusxkA vFkkZr~ pdzorhZ xkyo dgyk,xkA

nwljh vksj mUgsa xq:nf{k.kk nsuh FkhA bl n`f”V ls ek/koh dsoy

muds _.k pqdkus dk ek/;e gS] blls vf/kd ugha gSA



ek/koh viuh ftanxh ij jksus yxh gSA firk th dk vkns’k ysdj

xkyo ds lkFk vkSj xkyo dk vkns’k ysdj vutku jktk ds ikl

tkuk FkkA og fufeRr cu xbZ FkhA mldh pkgr ds fy, dksbZ vFkZ

ugha FkkA bl ckr ls Hkh og f[kUu&lh Fkh fd yksxksa ij jkt

djusokyk jktk pdzorhZ cuuk pkgrk gSA ek/koh vius firk ds izfr

drZO; fuHkkuk Fkk vkSj xkyo dks vius xq: ds izfrA ek/koh xkyo

ftl fnu vkJe vk;k mldh fiNyh jkr ek/koh ds lius esa lQsn

?kksM+ksa dh vkokt+sa] mu ?kksM+ksa ds chp fc[kjscky ds] /kwy esa lesVk

gqvk ,d ;qod mldh vksj vkrk gSA vkSj lqcg xkyo dks ns[kdj

mldks yxus yxrk gS fd og mudk HkkX; cudj vk;k gSA

ckn esa] ek/koh xkyo dks le>kuk pkgrh gS fd fo’okfe= ls

ekQh ekWaxus ds fy,] ftl ij xkyo vieku le>rk gSA lkFk

esa] ek/koh vc okil vius firk ds ikl ugha tk ldrh Fkh D;ksa

fd nku esa nh gqbZ oLrq dks dHkh okil ugha yh tkrh gSA rks nksuksa

mRrjk[kaM ds jktk ds ikl yEch jkLrs esa tkrs gS rkfd os nksuksa

T;knk fnu ,d&lkFk jgsA

n`’;&03

mRrjk[kaM ds jktk g;Z’p lkjh dgkuh lquus ds ckn bl ckr ij

fo’okl ugha dj lds fd ek/koh ds xHkZ ls tUe ysusokyk gh

esa pdzzorhZ cusxkA var esa jkT;ksfr”kh dh lykg yh tkrh gSA

jkT;ksfr”kh ek/koh dk ,d&,d vax dk fujh{k.k djrs gSa] gkFkksa rFkk

iSjksa dh mWaxfy;kWa] ihB] diksy] us=] ds’k] nkWar rFkk daB dk

fujh{k.k djds crkrs gSa fd buds xHkZ ls tUe ysusokyk cPpk

pdzorhZ cusxk ghA bu ckrksa dks lqudj jktk g;Z’p larq”B gksdj

xkyo ls dgrs gSa fd muds ikl dsoy nks lkS v’oes/kh ?kksM+s gh gS]

vkSj opu nsrs gaS fd ek/koh ls cPps dk tUe gksrs gh mu ?kksM+ksa dks

ns nsxk lkFk esa ek/koh dks Lora= Hkh dj nsxkA dsoy nks lkS ?kksM+s

feyus ij xkyo vkifRr trkrk gS] exj] ;g jktk dh vkKk gksus

ds dkj.k ekuuk iM+kA lkFk esa xkyo vkSj ek/koh bl ckr ij

fo’okl j[krs gSa fd ek/koh dks dkSek;Z dk oj izkIr gS] ftlls



cPps dks tUe nsus ds ckn Hkh bl oj dh lgk;rk ls igys tsls

lqanj L=h gks tkrh gSA rc fdlh nwljs jktk ds ikl tkdj ‘ks”k

v’oes/kh ?kksM+ksa dks ekWax aasxssA

vad&2 n`’;&01

ek/koh vc v;ks/;k ujs’k g;Z’p dh v/kkZafxuh cuhA ek/koh dk

lkSn;Z ns[kus jkT; ds gj dksus ls yksx vkus yxs FksA /keZxzUFkksa ds

vuqlkj] iq:”k egRokdka{kh gksrk gS ijarq L=h dk izeq[k xq.k R;kx

gS] lsok gSA blh dkj.k L=h dh rqyuk i`Foh ds lkFk dh tkrh gSA

;kfu] i`Foh dh rjg lHkh nkf;Roksa dk Hkkj ogu djuk gSA ‘kk;n

;gh dkj.k Fkk fd jkek;.k esa lhrk] lR;oku dh iRuh lkfo=h

vkfn us ,dkxz fu”B ls viuh ifr;ksa dh lsok dhA ;;kfr ds

vkJeoklh fe= ekjhp mRrjk[kaM dh yEch ;k=k ds ckn ykSV vk,

gSaA buls ;;kfr ;g tkuuk pkgrs gSa fd vc yksx ;;kfr dh

iz’kalk fdl rjg dj jgs gSaA ;g ckr lqudj [kq’k gks tkrs gSa fd

vc yksx d.kZ dh ;kn de dj jgs gSa ijarq] ;;kfr dks T;knkA

ckn esa ;g lqudj gSjku gks tkrs gSa fd v;ks/;k ds ujs’k us ek=

nks lkS ?kksM+s gh ns jgs gaS vkSj iq=&izkfIr ds ckn ek/koh dks mUgsa

NksM+dj fdlh nwljs jktk ds ikl tkuk gksrk gS tgkSa ckdh ?kksMs

feysaxsA bl ckr ij ekjhp dk lq>ko Fkk fd ;;kfr vius larku

ds lq[k ds fy, fo’okfe= ls izkFkZuk djsa fd nks lkS v’oes/kh ?kksM+s

ls gh larq”B gks tk,A bl lq>ko ij fopkj djds ;;kfr dk dguk

;g Fkk fd nku esa nsus ds ckn] fdlh Hkh rjg dk i’pkrki djuk

mfpr ugha gSA nwljh vksj fo’okfe= xkyo dk nEHk rksMuk pkgrs

FksA ijarq fo’okfe= dh bl ;kstuk dks foQy djus dh dksf’k’k

eq>ls gks tk,xh gSA vc fo’okfe= ds ikl tkuk mfpr ugha gSA

;g ckr [kRe gksrs gh chlksa ?kksM+s ;;kfr ds vkJe ls gksrs gq,

fo’okfe= ds vkJe dh vksj tkrs ns[kdj ;g le>k tkrk gS fd

ek/koh dks iq=&ykHk gqvk gS vkSj jktk g;Z’p us viuk oknk iwjk

fd;k gSA



n`’;&02

iq=&ykHk gksrs gh v;ks/;k ds yksxksa dks feBkbZ ckWaVh xbZA egkjkuh

ek/koh vius tSls fn[kusokyk cPpk] ftldk uke olqeuk gS] dks

/kk; ds gkFk esa lkSaidj eqdqV] vkHkw”k.k mrkjdj jktk g;Z’p dks

nsus ds fy, dgrh gS vkSj lk/kkj.k oL=ksa esa jktegy NksM+us dks

rS;kj gksrh gSA ijarq] ckgj xkyo ls dgrh gS fd mUgsa vius cPps

ls nwj jguk d”V gks jgk gSA xkyo le>kus dh ps”Vk djrk gS fd

olqeuk vc v;ks/;k dk ;qojkt gS vkSj rqEgsa Hkkoqdrk ls cpuk

pkfg,A ;gkWa bu nksuksa ds chp L=h dh ekr`Ro Hkkouk vkSj iq:”k dh

opu fuHkkus dh fopkj/kkjk ij [kwc ppkZ gksrh gSA ,d vksj xkyo

?kksM+s feyus ij [kq’k Fkk rks nwljh vksj ek/koh ds vanj ekr`Ro Hkko

tkx pqdh FkhA vc ek/koh dks vius cPps dks NksMdj tkuk eqf’dy

gks jgk FkkA ek/koh ds xHkZ ls iq= dk tUe gksrs gh xkyo ;gh

le>rk gS fd vc ek/koh Lora= gks xbZ gSA bUgsa ‘ks”k ?kksM+ksa dks

ikus ds fy, ys tk ldrk gwWaaA ij ek/koh dks vius cPps dh ;kn

cgqr lrkus yxh FkhA ;g lp gS fd ek/koh xkyo ds ckjs esa ftl

fnu olqeu dk tUe gqvk rc rd lksp jgh FkhA ij olqeu dk

tUe gksrs gh mlesa eeRo tkx mBkA bl eeRo dks R;kxuk

vklku dke ugha FkkA vc budks vius firk dh bPNk] xkyo dh

bPNk] jktkvksa dh bPNkvksa dks iwjk djuk O;aX; yxus yxkA

bl chp jktk g;Z’p ds ea=h viuh jktk dh bPNk ds vuqlkj

ek/koh dks vius vfrfFk x`g esa ek/koh dk LokLF; Bhd gksus rd

Bgjus ds fy, vuqjks/k djrk gSA csVk olqeu var%iqj esa jgdj [kqn

ckgj vfrfFk x`g esa jguk ek/koh dks vPNk ugha yxrkA rqjar

xkyo ds lkFk v;ks/;k NksMdj pys tkrs gSaA jkLrs esa csVk olqeu

dk tUe gksus dh fiNrh jkr ek/koh ds lius esa xkyo] firk

;;kfr dk vkuk] ?kksM+ksa dh inpki lquuk] ,d cWanh vkdj dgrh gS

fd egkjkt nks lkS ?kksM+s nsrs gSa vkSj ek/koh Lora= gks xbZ ij] ,d

gh {k.k esa buds csVs dks mBkdj pys tkrs gSaA ;g LoIu vkSj vxys

fnu dh gdhdr dks ns[k dj ek/koh vius dks ekufld :i esa

det+ksj ikus yxrh gSA bls ns[kdj xkyo bUgsa le>kus dh dksf’k’k

djrs gq, dgrk gS fd vc lc dqN Hkwy tkvks] chrh gqbZ ckrksa ds



ckjs esa fpark djus dh vko’;drk ugha gS ] vc og Lora= gSA

Lora= ‘kCn dks lqudj ek/koh dks gWalh vkus yxrh gS D;ksafd bl

Lora=rk esa ekWa vius gh cPps dks xyk ugha yxk ldrh gS&D;k

;g Hkh dksbZ Lora= dg ldrk gS\ vc ek/koh dks vius cPps ds

lkFk jgus dh bPNk c< jgh FkhA bls ns[kdj xkyo ftUgsa viuk

opu iw.kZ djuk Fkk vkSj ;g opu ek/koh ds ek/;e ls gh gksuk

FkkA ;fn ek/koh eeRo ds dkj.k cPps ds lkFk tkrh gS rks mudk

opu iwjk ugha gksxkA blfy, og ek/koh ls dgrk gS fd L=h cMs+

dke dk nkf;Ro ugha fuHkk ik ldrh gSA bl ij dzks/k O;Dr djrs

gq, xkyo dks le>krh gS fd firk dks nkuohj dk eksg gS vkSj

xkyo vkn’kZ f’k”; cuuk pkgrk gSA bu nksuksa dh bPNk ek/koh ds

ek/;e ls iw.kZ gks jgh gSA vkSj ek/koh dks nqcZy dguk vPNk ugha

yxkA lkFk gh] ek/koh dks ;g vuqHko djus yxrh gS fd lHkh

mldk ykHk mBkus okys gaSA v;ks/;k dk jktk Hkh tks ek/koh ls

‘kkfn djus ds ckn Hkh nks vkSj ‘kkfn;kWa fd;k Fkk] budk ykHk mBk;k

FkkA vc ek/koh ds lkFk jgusokys mldh bPNk dks le>us okys

dksbZ ugha FksA

bu lkjh ?kVukvksa ,oa vuqHkoksa ls ek/koh dks yxus yxrk gS fd

fu”Bk vkSj n`<+rk ds lkFk gh opu dks fuHkk;k tkrk] blesa eeRo

dk dksbZ LFkku ugha gSA lkFk esa] iwjs vkB lkS v’oes/kh ?kksM+s fdlh

,d jktk ds ikl u gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa rhu&pkj jktkvksa ds lkFk

‘kkfn djuk vfuok;Z FkkA bu lcds lkFk jgdj ftu cPpksa dks

tUe nsxh D;k dy ;g lHkh pdzorhZ cudj vkils esa yMs+axsa\

vkxs] xkyo vkSj ek/koh nksuksa dk’kh ujs’k ls feyu s tkrs gSaA jkLrs

esa] ekufld :i ls nqcZy ek/koh Hkfo”; esa vkus okys cPps dk

jksuk lquus yxrh gSA ml cPps dks Hkh NksM+dj vkxs c<+uk FkkA

Hkfo”; dh ?kVukvksa dh fpark djrs gq, eu esa iz’u mBrs gSa fd

xkyo] vius firk D;ksa bu ij brus ukjkt+ gS\ D;ksa bu nksauksa us

osnuk ls Hkjh tyrh vkx esa >ksadk gSA



n`’;&03

ek/koh vkSj xkyo nksuksa dk’kh ds egkjktk fnoksnkl ds ikl vk

igqwWaprs gSaA fnoksnko dks iSarhl jkf.k;ksa ls iq= ykHk dh vk’kk fd;k

Fkk ijarq] lc ls l=g iqf=;kWa gh gqbZ FkhA bUgsa iq= dh vfHkyk”kk

FkhA ;g jktk lkjk le; jkl&jax esa yhu jgrk FkkA buds ikl

xq: Hk`xq egkjkt ds lkStU; ls feys nks lkS v’oes/kh ?kksM+s FksA ;g

jktk u dsoy jfld Fkk cfYd dkeh Hkh FkkA budh gj fopkjksa esa]

ckrksa esa vius lkSan;Z rFkk dkeqdrk dh gh iz’k alk ikuk pkgrs gSaA

vc buds nks lkS v’oes/kh ?kksM+ksa dks ikus ds fy,] ek/koh dks bl

fnoksnkl jktk ds lkFk iq= ykHk gksus rd jguk iMkA

n`’;&04

xq: fo’okfe= dh bPNk vc rd fdlh dks Hkh le> esa ugha

vk;kA os v’oes/kh ?kksM+ksa ls D;k djsaxs\ mUgsa vkB lkS v’les/kh

?kksM+ksa dh D;ksa vko’;drk iMh\ D;k brus lkjs ?kksM+ksa ls budk

xkSjo c<s+xk\ vf/kdkj c<+sxk\ eku&e;kZnk c<+sxh\ vFkok xkyo

dk nEHk rksM+us ds fy,\xkyo ij vc Hkh dzks/k gS\;k dksbZ O;wg

dh jpuk gks jgh gS\ bl chp forLrk unh esa Hk;adj ck<+ vk

tkrh gSA bl ck<+ esa czkg~e.kksa ds lSdM+ksa v’oes/kh ?kksMs cg tkrs gSaA

Mwc tkrs gSA bu gt+kjksa v’oes/kh ?kksM+ksa dks czkg~e.kksa us jktk xkf/k

ls ;K ds nku ds :i esa izkIr fd, FksA buesa esa ls cgqr lkjs

?kksM+ksa dks mRrk[kaM ds jktkvksa dks csp pqds FksA ‘ks”k ?kksM+ksa dks xq:

fo’okfe= bu czkg~e.kksa ls ysuk Lohdkj dj fy;k gSA ,d vk Sj ckj

;g ckr le> ds ckgj gS fd fo’okfe= bu lHkh v’oes/kh ?kksM+ksa

dks ysdj D;k djsaxs\ D;ksa ys jgs gSa\ vc xkyo dks dqN ugha

feysxkA

fo’okfe= dk f’k”; rkil fo’okfe= ls tkuuk pkgk fd czkg~e.kksa

ls ‘ks”k cps v’oes/kh ?kksM+ksa dks ysdj xkyo dks D;ksa ladV esa Mky

jgs gSaA fo’okfe= dk mRrj Fkk fd xkyo cM+k LokfHkekuh vkSj

egRokdka{kh gS&blhfy, mls dfBu ijh{kk esa MkykA D;ksafd

egRodka{kh yksxksa esa ;fn nEHk ik;k tk, rks og muds fouk’k dk

dkj.k curk gSA bu ckrksa dks lqudj rkil viuk xq: HkkbZ xkyo



ds izfr fpark izdV djrk gS vkSj fo’okfe= ls izkFkZuk djrk gS fd

os mUgsa {kek dj nsa vkSj mudh tku cpk,A fo’okfe= dgrs gSa fd

Hkkstuxj ds jktk m’khuj ds ikl nks lkS vo’es/kh ?kksM+s vc Hkh gSA

vad&3 n`’;&01

;;kfr ds iqf= ek/koh dk’kh&ujs’k fnoksnkl ds lkFk jgdj izrnZu

uke ds iq= dks tUe nsrh gSA opukuqlkj xkyo dks nks lkS

v’oes/kh ?kksM++s fey tkrs gSaA ;gkWa ls ek/koh vkSj xkyo nksuksa nwj ds

Hkkstuxj ds o`) jktk m’khuj ds }kj ij tk igqqWaprs gSaA jktk

m’khuj fiNyh jkr ds lius esa ;g ns[kk Fkk fd pkWan ds jtr

izdk’k esa mudk lkjk egy f>yfeykus yxk gSA tc vxys fnu

ek/koh ls eqykdkr gksrh gS rc mUgsa yxrk gS fd mudk liuk

lkdkj gks mBk gSA o`) jktk ek/koh dks ikdj ?kweus fudysA buls

izkIr iq= dks f’kfo uke j[kk x;kA bl cPps dks Hkh tUe gksrs gh

jkT;kf/kdkjh mBk ys tkrs gSaA

Hkkstuxj ds jktk m’khuj ls nks lkS ?kksM+s ikus ds ckn ‘ks”k nks lkS

?kksM+ksa dks ikus ds fy, ek/koh vkSj xkyo [kkstus fudyrs gSaA bl

chp ek/koh xkyo dks dgs fcuk lkglk dgha Hkkx tkrh gSA xkyo

tks ek/koh ds [kkst+ esa fudyrk gS fd lkspus yxrk gS L=h oSls gh

jgL;ksa dh xqFkyh gksrh gSA ftl rjg yrk dks o`{k dk lgkjk

pkfg, mlh rjg L=h dks iq:”k dk lgkjk pkfg,A blfy, rhu

jktkvksa esa ls fdlh ds ikl pyh xbZ gks ;g lkspdj fd

de&ls&de fdlh ,d cPps ds lkFk rks jg ikmWaxhA vFkok viuh

ftanxh dk lgh vFkZ [kks tkus ds dkj.k viuh gh tku ij [ksy

xbZ gks vFkok vius firk ds ikl ykSV xbZ gksA ftls nsork gh ugha

le> ik, euq”; D;k le> ik,xkA

bl chp fo’okfe= dk f’k”; rkil xkyo dks <Ww<us pyrs gSaA xkyo

ls feydj dgrs gSa fd ck<+ esa cgqr ls ?kksM+s cgus ds dkj.k

vk;kZorZ esa vc fdlh Hkh jktk ds ikl vkSj ?kksM+s ugha gSA blfy,

vc tks N% lkS ?kksM+s feys gSa mlh dks fo’okfe= dks lkSaidj _.k



eqDr gks tkvksA ij xkyo ekuus dks rS;kj ugha gksrk pkgs D;ksa u

nkl&o`fRr djuk iM+sA fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa og ‘ks”k ?kksM+ksa dks tqVk,xk

ghA ij ek/koh ds fcuk ;g laHko dSls\ vc budh izfrKk /kwy

esa fey x;h gSA ek/koh ges’kk dgrh Fkh fd xkyo ds izse ls cy

feyrh gS] =k.k feyrk gSA lgus dh ‘kfDr feyrh gSA xkyo Hkh

;g lksp j[kk Fkk fd mudh izfrKk iwjk gks tkus ij ek/koh ds

lkFk th thou O;rhr djsxkA rkil nqckjk xkyo dks le>kus dh

dksf’k’k djrk gS fd og cM+s egRodka{kh vkSj ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks vius

vuqdwy <kyusokyk D;ksa u gks ij vc mUgsa fo’okfe= ds ikl

tkdj _.k&eqDr gksuk gSA

n`’;&02

ek/koh jkrksa jkr xkyo dks NksM+dj lh/ks fo’okfe= ls feyus vkrh

gSA ek/koh dks ,dk&,d vius lkeus ns[kdj fo’okfe= pkfdr gks

tkrs gSaA ek/koh mUgsa le>krh gS fd xkyo us ‘ks”k nks lkS ?kksM+ksa dks

u tqVk ikus ds fy, {kek EkkWaxus gsrq ugha Hkstk gS vkSj u xkyo

;k ek/koh {kek ;kpuk ekWaxsaxsA exj ,d izLrko dks ysdj vk;h

gSA izLrko ;g gS fd ‘ks”k nks lkS ?kksM+ksa ds fy, vius dks vkids

ikl j[k yhft,A ftl rjg igys rhu jktkvksa dks iq=&ykHk gksxkA

Bhd mlh rjg vkidks Hkh iq=&ykHk gksus ds ckn xkyo dks

xq:&nf{k.kk ds nkf;Ro ls eqDr dj nsaA

;g lqudj fo’okfe= LrfEHkr gksdj ek/koh l s ;g tkuus dh bPNk

izdV djrs gSa fd ek/koh xkyo ds fy, ,slk D;ksa dj jgh gSA

ek/koh dk mRrj Fkk fd og xkyo ls I;kj dj jgh gSA vkSj xkyo

ls izse djrs gq, gh rhu jktkvksa ds ikl jg pqdh gSA ;g tkudj

Hkh xkyo ls I;kj djrh Fkh fd xkyo nEHkh] gBh vkSj euekuh

djusokyk ;qod gSA ijarq og ;g ugha tkurh Fkh xkyo mlds lkFk

I;kj dj jgk gS ;k ughaA bu ckrksa dks lqudj fo’okfe= ek/koh

dks vius vkJe esa ys tkrs gq, dgrk gS fd ^xkyo dk nEHk

rksM+uk pkgrs Fks ijarq rqEus esjk nEHk rksM+ fn;kA



n`’;&03

xkyo viuh dfBu ijh{kk esa mRrh.kZ gksrk gSA pkjksa fn’kkvksa esa

muds uke dh /kwe ep xbZA bl ckr ij _f”k fo’okfe= dks vius

f’k”; ij lPpk xoZ gksus yxkA bl le; nkuohj ;;kfr viuh

csVh ek/koh dk Lo;aoj jpkrs gSa vkSj lkFk esa mlh fnu xkyo dk

nh{kkUr lekjksg dk Hkh vk;kstu gksus yxk FkkA igys fo’okfe=

}kjk vius f’k”; xkyo dks nh{kk nsus ds ckn ek/koh dk Lo;aoj

gksxkA chfl;ksa jktk&egkjktk vk pqds gSa vkSj muesa os jktk Hkh

vk, gSa ftUgksaus ek/koh ls iq=&ykHk Hkh izkIr fd;s gSa ;s lHkh

ek/koh ds xHkZ ls mRiUu cPpksa dks Hkh yk, gSaA cPpksa ds blfy,

yk, gSa rkfd ek/koh vius cPpksa dks ns[kdj mu jktkvksa dks Lo;aoj

esa pqusA

vkJeokfl;ksa esa ;g i z’u mB [kM+k gksrk gS fd ek/koh fdudks

viuk oj pqusxh\ fdlh dk dguk Fkk fd cM+s iq= ds izfr vf/kd

eksg gksrk gS blfy, v;ks/;k ujs’k g;Z’p dks viuk,xhA nwljksa dk

dguk Fkk fd og xkyo ls I;kj djrh gS blfy, og xkyo dks

gh pqusxhA bl chp fo’okfe= vkSj ;;kfr nk suksa dh eqykdkr gksrh

gSA nksuksa xkyo dh iz’kalk [kwc djrs gSa vkSj fo’okfe= ;;kfr ds

mnkRr lg;ksx ds fy, /kU;okn Hkh izdV djrs gSa lkFk esa] ;;kfr

dks ;qx&;qxksa rd lPps nkuohj ekurs gSA xkyo dks ;;kfr Hkh

pkgus yxsA o s bl ckr ij fo’okl izdV djrs gSa fd ek/koh xkyo

dks gh pqusxhA vkSj xkyo Hkh pgh pkgrk FkkA

xkyo vkSj ek/koh dh eqykdkr ,d lky ckr gks jgh gSA xkyo

Lo;aoj ls igys gh ek/koh ls feyuk pkgrk gSA ijarq ;g Lo;aoj

ds fu;e ds fo:) FkkA rHkh ek/koh buds lkeus [kM+h gks tkrh

gSA ‘kkfn ds fy, cM+s lt&lWaojdj vk;k Fkk xkyoA ijarq ek/koh

dks ns[kdj LrfEHkr jg tkrk gSA D;ksafd ek/koh dh nsg <y pqdh

gS] psgjs dk yko.; Qhdk iM+ pqdk gS] eqWag ij >kWab;kWa] vkWa[kksa ds

uhps va/ksjs lk, mrj vk, gSaA v/ksM+ mez dh vukd”kZd L=h yxus

yxh gS ek/kohA xkyo ds eqWag ls dqN ugha fudyrkA bls ns[kdj

xkyo dks xq:&nf{k.kk esa mRrh.kZ gksus ds fy, c/kkbZ nsrh gSA



ftl lqanj ek/koh dh pkgr esa xkyo vk;k Fkk] mUgsa ek/koh dk

;g :i ns[kdj pfdr gks tkrk gSA cgqr nsj ckn ek/koh ls iwNrk

gS gj jktk ds ikl tkus ls igys fpj&dkSek;Z oj dks viukdj

;qorh cu tkrh FkhA ijarq vkt D;ksa og mlh oj dks viukdj

;qorh ugha cuh cfYd lk/kkj.k oL=ksa dks igudj v/ksM mez dh

vukd”kZd L=h yxus yxh gSA bu ckrksa dks lqudj ek/koh dk

dguk ;g Fkk fd og xkyo ls dqN Hkh fNikuk ugha pkgrh FkhA

blfy, tSlh gwWa] oSlh gh vk x;h gSA lkFk esa] xkyo ges’kk drZO;

dk mikld jgk] og dHkh Hkh lkSan;Z dk mikld ugha jgkA ;g

lc tkurs gq, Hkh xkyo dks eu ls Lohdkj dj pqdh Fkh blfy,

muds fy, Lo;aoj ,d vkSipkfjdrk gSA og blh lksp esa vc rd

th jgh Fkh fd xkyo dh izfrKk iwjk gksA ugha rks] ftl rjg muds

cPpksa dks fNu x, Fks Bhd mlh rjg xkyo dks Hkh fNu u tk,A

vc bl ckr dh [kq’kh gS fd os nksuksa Lora= gSA vkSj futh rkSj

ij og cgqr [kq’k gSA D;ksa fd nksuksa us viuk&viuk opu fuHkk;k

gSA firk ds xkSjo dks u”B gksus ugha fn;kA iwjh fu”Bk ls viuk

drZO; fuHkk;h Fkh] rkfd xkyo opuHkz”B u gksA vc og dsoy ;g

pkgrh Fkh fd xkyo ds lkFk dgha Hkkx fudysA ek/koh mUgsa

le>kus dh dksf’k’k djrh gS fd og ftl ek/koh ls vkt rd

vius eu esa izse djrk Fkk og ek/koh vkt Hkh ogh gSA

bu lkjh ckrksa dks lquus ds ckn Hkh ek= ek/koh dk ;g v/ksM mez

dh vukd”kZd L=h dk :i ns[kdj xkyo ‘kkfn ls nwj jguk pkgrk

gSA ek/koh ds izfr d`rKrk izdV djrk gS vkSj ek/koh fo’okfe= ds

vkJe esa jgus ds dkj.k og xq:HkkbZ ds leku gSA vkSj mlls

‘kkfn djuk vkJe dh e;kZnk dk mYya?ku gksrk gS ftls og ugha

djuk pkgrk gSA

var esa ek/koh dks ;gh yxus yxrk gS fd xkyo] xq:tu] jktkvksa

esa dksbZ varj ugha gSA lHkh drZO;ikjk;.k egkekuo gSA D;ksafd bu

lHkh us viuh bPNk dks iwjk djus ds fy, ek/koh ds ;kSou dh

vkgqfr nhA lHkh jktk pdzorhZ ds firk gksaxs] xkyo dks lknd

dgyk;k tk,xk] firk ;;kfr dks lHkh nkuohj dgyk,Waxs] fo’okfe=

dks vius f’k”;ksa dk nEHk rksM+usokys xq: dgyk,Waxs] ijarq ek/koh dks



papy o`fRr dh ukjh dgyk;k tk,xkA xkyo dk >wBk vknj vkSj

d`rKrk dks Vqdjkdj dgrh gS fd og vc fny ls ;qorh ugha jghA

rhu&rhu cPpksa dh ekWa cuus ds ckn] vkSj lHkh cPpksa dks tUe

gksrs gh [kks tkus ds dkj.k mlds fy, ek= xkyo dh lPpk I;kj

dh vis{kk FkhA ij xkyo ek/koh ds lkSan;Z ls I;kj djrk Fkk u

fd mlds vPNsij ls] u mlds cfynku lsA og budh Hkkoukvksa

dks le>uk Fkk ij NsM+&NksM fd;kA xkyo dks vkf’kokZn nsrs gq, og

lc ls nwj Hkkx tkrh gSA

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