Magazine Research

By Ruby Hooper

List of magazines to look at:• Cosmopolitan – United States - http://www.cosmopolitan.co.uk/

• Dazed & Confused – United Kingdom - http://www.dazeddigital.com/

• InStyleUK – United Kingdom (originally from the USA) - http://www.instyle.co.uk

• British Vogue – United Kingdom - http://www.vogue.co.uk/ - printed magazine

• Teen Vogue – United States – www.teenvogue.com - printed magazine

• Architectural Digest – United Kingdom - http://www.architecturaldigest.com

• Ideal Home – United Kingdom – http://www.housetohome.co.uk/idealhomemagazine - printed magazine

• Living Etc – United Kingdom - http://subscribe.livingetc.co.uk - printed magazine

• Elle Décor – United Kingdom - http://www.elledecor.com

Cosmopolitan originates from the United States but is an international magazine and is available in the United Kingdom. This is because Hearst Magazines UK brings the product to us.

This magazine features an awful lot about celebrities, including their latest gossip, fashion updates and beauty products they use or may be the face of. Other things that are featured are ‘real life shock stories’ and the latest one is “How my boyfriends cheating almost killed me” these stories are about real readers of Cosmopolitan. There is a body and health section in the physical magazine and this section is clearer and more detailed on the online magazine. This gives the reader advice on weight loss, hormones, fitness training and ways to lead a healthier lifestyle. There is also side sections to the magazine such as ‘Love & Sex’. ‘Horoscopes’ and ‘Worklife’ which gives tips on money saving techniques, things people wish they knew before entering their line of work and also confessions about where people work.

The following information has been found from the United Kingdom’s statistics. The median age of people who purchase Cosmopolitan Magazine are aged 28, with 64% of the audience being middle class and their target audience are female readers.

Title (feminine colour)Colour contrast

Attention grabbing

Slanted to clearly show it is related to the number. It’s a cheeky yet subtle statement which shows it is a magazine for adult woman as this would be inappropriate on a teenagers magazine.

Fills negative space

Unfinished sentence entices the audience to read further

Humorous and casual language making the magazine personal.

Subject of the coverOrange colour so orange text ties the image together.

Details on the variety within the article

Details on the article and the numerous similar stories

Signature styled font to relate to the subject

Attention grabbing and relates to the focal image and ‘Miley’

A celebrity that the target audience is aware of or has an interest in

Dazed and Confused is a magazine that is very Old England. All of the models are quirky and different with Twiggy appearing as inspiration throughout each photograph. It follows an alternative punky feel by having a very blocky-simple layout.

This magazine does not only specialize in fashion but another main focus is art and artistic photography. Dazed and Confused also has a music section which features older artists and older songs which a sprinkle of more recent artists (its more gossip on the recent, mainstream, chart artists.) Because of the older music the magazine is featuring it adds to the old school theme that is set throughout.

The following information has been taken from MagLab’s statistics from March 2015. The price of Dazed and Confused is reasonable at £4.50 a copy when only six issues are released each year. The magazine is not gender specific but the majority of advertising is aimed at females because this is their most popular audience with only a third being male. Dazed and Confused has a target audience of people aged 18 to 30 with the median being 19 years old, people purchasing this magazine have most likely attended college or an art college or are still in this type of education. MagLab’s research states that Dazed and Confused has an audience between middle class and standard working class.

The arts and culture section of the magazine is exactly what it says, there’s a great mixture of cultural views and unusual things that current artists are creating. It is also filled with weird pointless facts and images that are actually interesting. The website is not so much like a magazine but it is set out like a blog, there are persistent, daily updates that include GIF files and JPEG’s which really brings the website to life. Dazed and Confused is a magazine that praises the weird and wonderful from the past and current day.

Yo-Landi Visser is a unique singer from Die Antwoord. She has created her own individual style.

Dazed and Confused showing their appreciation and love for Caitlyn Jenner.

Colour contrastColour contrast

Issue number

Information on designers that are featured in the magazine.

Clever use of text as the text is placed on the darker side of the page.

Full title

Extra information within the magazine.

Symmetrical to the full title

Contrasting and balanced to the opposite side.

Two sides to a person

Clean line of difference

Contrasting and balanced to the opposite side.

Negative space emphasizes the image

Because there is more writing on the left side of the cover the audiences attention is automatically drawn to that side because there is more going on in the layout and the photograph.

The audience wants to see the full person

Ironic because everything in the cover is black and white

These assets are in bold to draw attention to each one and also to show it is a title as the font is quite close together.

A character the target audience will find interesting.

InStyle UK came from InStyle that is based in the United States. Unlike other big fashion magazines, this one does not feature a great deal of popular celebrities, this makes the audience feel more real.

The main sections in this magazine are: fashion, celebrity, hair and beauty. The celebrity section is not as famous as it appears, it is full of celebrity news but it is classy and informative. The fashion is up to date and summery, featuring photographs of Kate Middleton, a loved one of the nation. There are loads of sections inside of the fashion menu, this help the audience find exactly what they are looking for online, it is confusing I must admit as some articles are placed in incorrect sections which leads to confusion on where I actually am on the site. In the printed magazine these assets are spread amongst the magazine to give it a better flow. The shop that can be found both online and in the magazine ranges from higher priced products and lower costing ones, this gives a great variety and it is easy to navigate. The magazine is exactly what it says on the cover, classy, professional and informative of the ‘In Style’ at the moment.

The following information has been taken from InStyle’s statistics. The most people that read InStyle are aged between 35 and 54, this is 41% of their audience with a median age of 38. The magazine does not state which class their audience is in but it presents the information in household income, 65% of their audience earns between $50,000 and $60,000 which is as low as the magazine states with 25% of their audience earning over $100,000 which is not surprising as the magazine is available in the UK for £13.99 a month for one magazine. It is interesting that the majority of InStyle’s audience is Single/Separated/Divorced/Widowed with 47% of their audience married.

This is found on the main page on ‘Most Popular’ to give the audience choice in what they read.

Colour contrast and basic shape to attract attentionMatches the focuses

dress

Emphasis on the word ‘amazing’

A large amount of red and bigger font draws attention to the large number which encourages the audience to read further.

Colour difference to draw attention to the extra information

Matching colour to the dress and background of the title to draw in the image

Subject of the coverOrange colour so orange text ties the image together.

Repetition of the colour gold

Exaggeration to sound appealing

Bold and dark contrasting text

Colour contrast

A celebrity that the target audience is aware of or has an interest in

Model on the cover and what is featured about her in the magazine.

British Vogue appeals to the United Kingdom a lot more than the United States’ Vogue, the main reason behind this is because Vogue as a whole is all about fashion and celebrities. Because the fashion and weather is very different in America to England, the British Vogue informs the reader about British fashion. Of course the magazine still features information on international designers and fashion shows etc.

The magazine features recommended shops that suit to certain styles. The magazine is released monthly so there is a lot of variety between each release as fashion is changing all of the time. Vogue is well known for featuring famous celebrities and does so every release, it informs you of their current style and what parties they have attended wearing what. Because Vogue is a classy magazine the writers do not do things like “who wore it better” like gossip magazines do. Vogue is also like a Fashion Newspaper because there is a News section which is filled with articles about what is happening in the fashion world. The online magazine is filled with loads of articles and sections that take you off to different pages, its difficult to navigate around but interesting that the audience can view every issue there has been.

The following information is from Vogue’s media kit and it states that the median age of their audience is 38½ with only 13% of their audience being male. 28% of their audience is in professional or managerial employment which is oddly surprising as Vogue has a higher class audience as each issue is reasonably priced and even better value if subscribing to a number of issues but the products they advertise and promote are expensive.

Summer season dress 2015

Summer season shoes 2015

Matches the details within the models dress

Signature to make a personal connection with the model to the audience

Negative space

Subject of the cover

Mentions what information is featured

Matches the title colour

Capital letter to draw attention the the name

Stylish font to fit with the classy theme of the magazine

Colour contrast

A celebrity that the target audience is aware of or has an interest in

Placed appropriately for the shapes within the photograph and rhyming makes it memorable

Reference to the photograph

Model covers the magazine title but because it is well known the title is still obvious. It also makes the cover appear more like a photograph than a magazine cover

Related to the photograph

Teen Vogue is not A4 sized like other fashion magazines, it is smaller to allow it to fit into a handbag easier. Teen Vogue is based in the United States.

Teen Vogue is a teenage version of Vogue and the main focuses are fashion and celebrities, the magazine also features information on the latest entertainment and includes information on current events and issues across the world. Teen Vogue is similar to Vogue Magazine, it talks about the latest fashion but amongst teenagers. Because the magazine is for teenagers there is a lot more younger assets within the layout such as gossip articles, school advice…

In this particular cover the title has been colourised to give the image a split down the centre but match the other side.

…relationship advice, interior design ideas and the latest in the entertainment business. This magazine shows the audience weather suitable fashion but keeping it classy and not revealing due to the younger readers.

Teen Vogue appeals to a similar audience as Vogue does, both of their audiences are of a higher class, this is clear because the clothing brands suggested are expensive with no cheaper alternative. Although the magazine states it appeals to teenagers, the median age of the printed magazine is aged 24 (this is actually 14 years younger than Vogue – having this magazine attracts a younger audience who may begin purchasing Vogue when they are older) 54% of their audience are currently attending college or university while this was not an option for Vogue magazine. On Teen Vogue’s online magazine the median age is 28 and actually 12% of their audience are males.

On average, £38.Expensive for an average teenager.

The same colour as the models outfit on the right

Raising awareness of a competition and event

Subjects of the cover

Different font to draw attention and emphasize the large number

Bold text because it’s the models on the cover and they are featured

Underlined to emphasize what is featured in the magazine

Larger text and softer font to attract attention with a faded background to soften the contrast

Bold Title and basic shape to attract attention with extra to fill the negative space

Title

Large text to show the main feature in the magazine

‘expert’ shows its professional

The same colour as the models outfit on the left

Exclamation mark to make it exciting and a big deal

Outlined with white to draw attention and soften the text

Matches the colour of the dress to link them closely, it makes the audience look at the models skin

Architectural Digest is filled with images of houses and their décor that fit every season. Every photograph is bright and the room is most often filled with natural lighting. The photograph is taken at an angle that makes each room or house look spacious and everything is in proportion.

This magazine features houses all across the world and they present the aesthetically pleasing ones to you. Every single photograph is clutter free to make the images passive, this draws attention to particular assets within the image. These photographs are not intended for the audience to have their attention brought to a specific focal point but they allow the reader to venture round the photos alone and see what they like. The captions with the images give the reader a pointer towards where they can purchase specific items etc, this is extremely helpful as it makes it easy to create a similar room for yourself, a problem is that when the product is quirky and different it can be a struggle to find an alternative when the product suggested can be out of the audiences price range. The magazine also features captions that state the uses of the products within the image, you can also search for things you are looking for when browsing online, an example of this is looking for storage space that looks classy. There is also a section on the online magazine that features celebrities that are selling their homes, this is interesting to see their homes and their asking price.

The following information has been taken from Architectural Digest’s statistics. 40% of the audience who purchase the printed magazine are aged 35 to 54, the other 60% is not stated. Architectural Digest is positive that 40% of their audience are male while 60% are female, this shows that the majority of the audience are females. 38% of the audience that purchase the magazine have a professional or managerial role in their job, this is logical as the rooms and houses are expensive.

The statistics state that online, 53% of their audience is ages between 35 and 54 and more males view the online magazine than females, 53% are male while 47% are female.

Matching coloured border to give the image a shape

Brad Pitt’s home in New Orleans

Subjects of the cover

Due to the background in this area of the image being blue, the text is less clear but still affective.

Descriptive and the rest of the sentence – gives the audience further information on what features in the magazine.

Title

Not in focus so the attention is not drawn to it

Negative area to give the photograph space

Same colour as the rest of the font

Date of the issue

Same colour as the font but a different shade to draw in the image with the text

Bigger and bolder to draw attention to the magazine

Ideal Home is an interior design magazine that is based in the United Kingdom, a benefit to its location is because the featured products are suitable for the readers. What makes Ideal Home different to other interior design magazines is that they work closely with colour, pattern and texture. With these three elements they create quirky rooms that can be changed to fit to any individual.

Ideal Home feature images and details on every room in the average household, it provides details on where assets can be purchased, the designer and occasionally the home owner. The online website is very limited as they want you to purchase the printed magazine. The online site however, does include sections that are helpful, such as: ‘Buyers Guide’, ‘Shopping Ideas’, ‘Makeovers’ and also ‘House Tours’ which give the same inspiration as the printed magazine and where certain products can be purchased. The printed magazine often features advertisement that is irrelevant to the magazine, this is a minor set back as it is distraction and goes against the rest of the magazine. Throughout the piece it is clear that there is interior designing that can appeal to different types of people and inspiration can be found from every photograph. Online there is a section called ‘Moodboards’ which is filled with a variety of different colours, themes and textures which are aimed at a wide range of different people and everybody can find an asset they like. Unfortunately Ideal Home does not include many purchasing opportunities for its audience and the things they do provide information for have no cheaper alternative when often the products are pricey. The following information has been taken from Ideal Home’s official statistics website. The

median age of their audience is 46. While their target audience is aged between 25 and 54. Ideal home has a middle class and upper class target audience with 67% of their audience being middle class and 33% of their printed audience being upper class.

For a yearly subscription the audience can pay £28.99 which is reasonable for twelve magazines. When that makes it £2.42 per copy it makes the offer seem more appealing. For a two year subscription which is twenty four issues at £57.99 but you are still paying £2.42 per issue when the magazine makes it look like a massive saving when it actually is not. To purchase Ideal Home in store it costs the reader £3.40 so there is a saving when subscribing for a year.

Matching colour to the colour scheme within the photograph

Repetition of hearts, emphasizes the feminism

Information on what is featured within the magazine

Repetition of colour to grab attention

Someone in their home to show a lifestyle and interior design of somebody’s home featured

Title

Large number to attract attention

Basic shape to draw attention

In attempt to entice the reader to purchase the magazine to read further

Number is large to attract attention

Hearts are feminine

Bold ‘comforts’ to emphasize the point and italic ‘enjoy’ to show it is relaxed

Different colour and basic shape to attract attention

This magazine is about interior design in the United Kingdom for modern living individuals. The main focuses in the magazine take up a double page spread, this gives the audience a bigger picture and keeps the detail. The following research was taken from the issue of February 2014.

For an interior design magazine there is a lot of writing which draws the attention to a variety of places making the lay out appear messy, its an interesting contrast as the photographs are passive. There is no particular focal point on each page with text as it depends on the audiences taste as to what they are drawn to. Some pages follow a theme such as colours or similar textures or even the same objects but individual styles, this breaks up the sections into pages which helps the reader find what they are looking for. The styles that are seen throughout are varied which makes something interesting for everybody, you are also introduced to the interior designers and people who’s home you are looking that to see their clothing style in comparison to their home, a blueprint layout is also included to give you a better idea of the layout of the house. It is an interesting read as there is sections about wooden furniture, glass decorations, plant uses within a room, colour schemes, textures, patterns and loads more. Page 68 is full of fabrics, tiles, paints and wallpaper that all compliment each other giving the audience a better understanding of what colours, textures and patterns work well together to give the reader more inspiration and allow more creativity.

Throughout the magazine the audience is given multiple opportunities to find the distributer of the products that are shown. The advertisement is occasional and most of it is relevant to keep within the theme of the interior design, towards the end of the magazine the relevant advertisement becomes less interior based and more frequent, this is a minor set back as it distracts the audience from the information within the magazine. An asset within this magazine that is beneficial to the audience is that from featuring individual items and their distributers it gives the audience ideas of what products they like but unfortunately Living etc does not include an alternative, cheaper distributer so the audience is left to find a cheaper version of the product or a similar product by themselves. This can be both a positive and a negative as the audience may not be able to find an alternative or, they might discover a similar product and like it more than the one featured in the magazine. Either way the audience has to do some research if the product is not within their budget.

The following information has been taken from Living etc’s online statistic website. 78% of Living etc’s audience is middle class, this is a fair audience but surprising as the designers mentioned are experts in their field and charge a lot of money for their service, also the products featured are expensive. You would expect that the majority of readers are female and they are, with 63% of the audience are female while 37% are males. 93% of readers keep their copies of Living etc, this is impressive and understandable as every issue is totally different but is timeless and includes both modern homes and revamped older homes. Living etc has a higher average household income than other interior design magazines do with theirs at £57,703. And finally, 74% of their audience are loyal subscribers.

Magazine description

Repetition of colour to grab attention

Appealing sentence due to use of words

Title

Large number to draw attention to the featured article

Colourful banner to attract attention

Faded to suit the photograph and appear ‘relaxed’

Italic font variation to emphasize the word to show relaxation

Repetition of vibrant colour

Colour difference attracts attention

Simple font. The word is larger because it shows how easy it can be

Subject

Elle Décor originated from Elle magazine which is a big fashion magazine. Both magazines are classy and informative both online and printed. Elle Décor is based in the United States and the United Kingdom which gives the magazine a wide variety of different styles with a wide range of different interior designers. The online magazine is set out similarly to a fashion and gossip magazine which is what ties it so closely to Elle Magazine giving them the connection.

To the left is a screenshot of the online sections, its easy but professional with no extra sections within each other to keep it elegant yet simple.

Elle Décor has very different designs and styles in each photograph to make every location utterly different. Some images show space to create a passive design while others are busy and close giving the room a warm, comforting feeling. What makes this particular magazine interesting is that there are multiple articles within each sections, these articles include advice on how to achieve a certain look which is inspirational and a good read. The website is also updated regularly which keeps people up to date, there is also loads of information and all for free online with the articles having a header to inform the audience exactly what they are looking at. The similarity this magazine has to Elle fashion magazine is the celebrity section, this is great fun as it gives the audience an opportunity to see celebrities houses and latest home purchases, it is also inspirational as it gives people ideas for their homes. Another interesting point to the celebrity section is that is informs readers on which celebrities are currently selling their homes and what they look like both inside and out which is rarely seen in casual magazines. The culture section is the most interesting as it is very bland but the articles are filled with specific ideas that can be very beneficial for the readers.

The following information has been taken from Elle Décor’s online media kit. The media kit states the audience is higher on the printed magazine than it is online. With their audience being upper class with a median age of 38. Due to Elle fashion magazine being advertised towards females, it is not surprising that 79% of Elle Décor’s being female with only 21% being male. Advertising in Elle Décor is actually cheaper than a lot of other interior design magazines. This is a benefit to smaller companies with a similar target audience. The highest selling rate of the magazine is here in the United Kingdom. (These statistics were based on the figures in 2014.) Each issue of the magazine is just £4 or a years subscription for the printed magazine at £25 which is very cheap considering their audience is upper class.

Repetition of colour to grab attention

Title Black border to frame the photograph

Places that interior design will be shown in the magazine

Large text to attract attention

Falls on the rule of thirds

The underlining separates the following subtitle while drawing attention the the ‘special issue’

Capital to make the point obvious

Negative space to crate room within the image

AudienceI have found out a lot about my desired target audience through my research, I am aware that my target audience should fall into middle

class and stretching into upper class. I can do this by having a reasonably priced magazine that can be purchased in stores and subscriptions, this will allow people to have it delivered to their home so they do not have to leave the house to access the magazine. By distributing the magazine in stores this will encourage new readers to purchase the magazine as it may catch their attention, this could lead to even more subscriptions. From all of the magazines I have researched, a significant number of the audience members are female which clearer indicates to me that I should use a layout and font that would appeal to females and males but be aware that it is mostly appealing to females with a higher number of males viewing the magazine online.

My personal audience is slightly younger than all the interior design magazines I have researched and this is because it will appeal to people with a lower budget to make the dream home more affordable and within the boundaries of someone who is not a home owner but is renting etc. By having a younger audience my magazine will appeal more to university or graduate students as the featured products will be affordable. Because my audience are in a younger generation they are more electronic based so assets of the magazine will be featured online but only to a certain extent as this should influence the audience to purchase the magazine to find out more information. By featuring articles that are smaller and quicker such as tips, it will appeal more to my audience as there is less to read but it gets the point across, I will also add extra information and detail on the online magazine as it is more appropriate to display a great deal of text.

I have decided to price the magazine at £4 an issue in stores, if the audience were to purchase the magazine for a year in store they would spend a total of £48 as there will be an issue released every month. I have decided to price the subscription at £30 a year for twelve issues including access to the online website that can be viewed on mobile devices. By pricing the yearly subscription at £30 it means the reader pays £2.50 per issue. From my research I learnt that these prices are suitable and affordable for my target audience. By making a subscription available it helps busy people keep within the loop of the goings on within the magazine. Elle Décor is also £4 and the subscription is significantly cheaper which has made me rethink my subscription at £30 a year as £25 seems more appealing to my audience.

I am aiming for a median age of 25, this is significantly lower than the magazines I have researched but I believe it has potential to work because some people at this age are home owners while others are renting so it is appropriate for both people in their home situation. To appeal to this audience I will use classy yet classic fonts with believable front covers that are simple yet effective. I will also follow a similar website layout as Elle Décor as this particular magazine is elegant and includes loads of different articles on tips and advice which relates closely to a fashion and gossip magazine which are the most popular sellers amongst my desired target audience. There will of course be assets that appeal to older people, such as the age of 38 which is Elle Décor’s median age audience, but my older audience members will be different to those who purchase Elle Décor because my audience will have a lower budget but similar tastes.

ProductionUnlike the majority of interior design magazines I do not intend on using a lot of double spread pages, this means I will have to have a lot

more ideas, things to write about and photographs because double page spreads take up a lot of room in a magazine but what I dislike about it is that the audience struggles to see the entire image as it is so large and has the split down the centre.

The images that will be featured in my magazine will be entirely created by me. Instead of featuring naturalistic images they will all be made up in a sort of collage style. There are numerous reasons as to why I will use this visual technique and one is because it is a lot more creative and out there, it also allows me to create an image of a room using a variety of different different assets from other rooms instead of worrying that I can not find the perfect room that I wish to photograph and feature in my magazine. By following this method I can attract an audience that thinks outside of the box with a more creative mind so they can appreciate the image made up of different ones. This method will also draw the audiences attention to assets of the image such as a chair or wardrobe simply because they are part of a collage and oddly placed with rough edges etc. The description of the photograph will include information on where assets of the image can be purchased and cheaper alternatives. I have not yet decided if my images will be entirely photoshop based of if I will physically print out my assets and create one image to be scanned into the computer. I need to use a method that wont take up a great deal of time but it will give me a good result and look suitable and professional enough to be presented in a magazine.

The style I wish to follow is very clean with some pages linking into one and other while other pages are completely different, this is because if some particular members of my audience do not find some assets interesting it will shortly lead onto another image or subject to keep their attention, another reason for this is because it gives my magazine a good variety. The individual pages will be similar to one I saw in Living Etc, the page was filled with different patterns, colours and textures that all work efficiently together, this was very inspiring and I would like to have this impact on my audience too.

Elle Décor uses very slick modern font with little colour but a variety of italic and bold assets to keep it classy but visually interesting. Like a fashion magazine, Living Etc uses the text to shape the photograph and the use of colour and font variations draws attention to different articles and assets of the image. On the front cover I have researched the font almost becomes the image because it matches assets within the photograph. The use of bright colours and capacity changes is eye catching while making a bold statement.

To stick to the glossy, formal magazine feeling I would like to use smart casual yet formal font, I will stick to one or two fonts but using different colours to make articles and assets stand out within following the colour scheme on that particular page to make the entire page aesthetically pleasing as an image not just a photograph alongside text. I will also use italic and bold font variations to create a less bland article or section to emphasize assets of the text.

MarketAll of the fashion magazines I researched have a similar layout to each other while the interior design magazines also have

a similar layout to each other. The more famous magazines feature a lot less text on the front cover as they’re name makes them known enough Vogue and Elle Décor are examples of this. From this I have learnt that the most popular magazines use photography and their well known name to advertise themselves to members of the public. This is something I am considering as I like the idea of the front cover being passive and photography based.

Because every magazine is so competitive it leads to competitive prices. Each magazine is a totally different price and it is common for magazines to adjust their prices, a popular one to do this is Ideal Home, it is regular for them to change the price to keep up with their competition. A negative to this is by increasing the price by a tiny amount can really put off members of the audience, especially if it continues to increase or if it massively increases. This is another reason why most magazines offer a subscription to the audience because it gives the audience an opportunity to pay less for their issues. Because of the extreme competition, magazines are including free gifts or extras to attempt to entice more people amongst their target audience to purchase the magazine, this began with children’s magazines as children want the small gifts that are included. This is now popular amongst a lot of women’s fashion magazines where they may receive free sunglasses, a purse or even a mascara. This is a marketing technique that is becoming increasingly popular but I personally feel like it is a cop out and the magazine is not popular enough so by tempting people with gifts they will purchase the magazine. Another thing that is becoming increasingly popular is by including the online subscription with the printed subscription.

Starting off a magazine is hard work as all these other magazines with the same target audience as you has the funding and has the reputation so is able to easily get famous celebrities to feature in the magazine while it is a lot harder for a smaller, unknown business to attract the attention of celebrities. This adds to the competition amongst fashion magazines as they all want the bigger, better, most famous celebrity to feature in their magazine. There is a similar situation with gossip magazines. Every magazine wants the best, most interesting story. Interior design magazines all want the best photograph and information on the best homes with the most famous interior designers to be featured in the magazine. What is helpful for me is that my target audience is not people classified in the AB audience section so my magazine doesn't’t have to include famous celebrities and amazing, expensive houses because my target audience is people with a lower budget so I am relieved that the competition is not a major problem for this project.