maharashtra 2018/release material/english... · 19.6 75.4 0.0 5.1 100 77.9 1.7 10.5 0.7 0.5 0.0 8.7...

ASER 2018 147

'Other' includes children going to Madarsa or EGS.'Not in school' includes children who never enrolled or have dropped out.

TotalAge group Govt Pvt Other Not inschool

Age 6-14: All

Age 7-16: All

Age 7-10: All

Age 7-10: Boys

Age 7-10: Girls

Age 11-14: All

Age 11-14: Boys

Age 11-14: Girls

Age 15-16: All

Age 15-16: Boys

Age 15-16: Girls

Chart 1: Trends over time% Children not enrolled in school by age group and gender2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018

Each line shows trends in the proportion of children not enrolled in school for aparticular subset of children. For example, the proportion of girls (age 15-16) notenrolled in school was 16.4% in 2006, 8.5% in 2012, and 5.1% in 2018.

Chart 2: Trends over time% Children enrolled in private schools in Std II, IV, VI and VIII2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018

Young children in pre-school and school

Table 1: % Children enrolled in different types of schools byage group and gender 2018

Table 3: % Children age 3-8 enrolled in different types ofpre-schools and schools 2018

OtherTotal

AnganwadiGovtLKG/UKG

PvtLKG/UKG

Govt

Age 3

Age 4

Age 5

Age 6

Age 7

Age 8

Age

Not inpre-

schoolor

school

SchoolPre-school

The proportion of children going to private school often varies by grade. There are alsochanges over time. For example, in 2018 private school enrollment in Std II is 22% ascompared to 70.9% in Std VIII.

Maharashtra RURALANALYSIS BASED ON DATA FROM HOUSEHOLDS. 33 OUT OF 33 DISTRICTSData is not presented where sample size is insufficient.

School enrollment

8.1 57.5 31.4 3.1

5.8 36.8 52.9 4.5

4.8 33.8 55.8 5.5

4.1 30.1 60.0 5.8

4.1 31.0 59.7 5.3

5.5 28.0 60.8 5.6

5.0 33.2 54.4 6.4 1.0

1.1 5.6 36.3 51.9 5.1

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 TotalStdAge

Table 2: Age-grade distribution% Children in each grade by age 2018

I

II

III

IV

V

VI

VII

VIII

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

<

This table shows the age distribution for each grade. For example, of all children inStd III, 33.8% children are 8 years old but there are also 4.8% who are 7 or younger,55.8% who are 9, and 5.5% who are 10 or older.

61.6 37.6 0.1 0.8 100

54.0 44.7 0.1 1.3 100

76.5 23.1 0.1 0.3 100

73.6 26.0 0.1 0.3 100

79.7 19.9 0.1 0.3 100

44.9 53.8 0.1 1.2 100

42.9 56.2 0.1 0.8 100

46.9 51.3 0.1 1.6 100

20.2 75.5 0.0 4.3 100

20.8 75.7 0.1 3.4 100

19.6 75.4 0.0 5.1 100

77.9 1.7 10.5 0.7 0.5 0.0 8.7 100

72.4 2.9 20.8 0.7 0.5 0.0 2.7 100

56.2 3.7 27.4 7.7 3.6 0.1 1.5 100

13.0 0.9 9.0 59.0 17.3 0.1 0.8 100

1.2 0.1 1.4 73.1 23.8 0.2 0.2 100

0.2 0.2 0.7 77.1 21.6 0.1 0.2 100

Pvt

148 ASER 2018

The reading tool is a progressive tool. Each row shows the variation in children’sreading levels within a given grade. For example, among children in Std III, 5.4%cannot even read letters, 13% can read letters but not words or higher, 16.3% canread words but not Std I level text or higher, 23.3% can read Std I level text but notStd II level text, and 42% can read Std II level text. For each grade, the total of theseexclusive categories is 100%.

Std Not evenletter

Std Ilevel text

Std IIlevel text

Total

I

II

III

IV

V

VI

VII

VIII

Letter Word

Data is not presented where sample size is insufficient.

Maharashtra RURAL

Reading

Table 4: % Children by grade and reading levelAll children 2018

Chart 3: Trends over time% Children who can read Std II level textCohorts of children in Std IV in 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014

This graph shows the progress of four cohorts from Std IV to Std VIII. For example, thefirst cohort was in Std IV in 2008, in Std VI in 2010, and in Std VIII in 2012. For thiscohort, % children who could read Std II level text in Std IV (in 2008) was 53% andin Std VI (in 2010) was 82.6%. When the cohort reached Std VIII in 2012, this figurewas 83.3%. The progress of each of these cohorts can be understood in the same way.

Reading Tool (Marathi)

ASER learning assessments are conducted in the household. Children in the age group 5-16 are assessed. Assessments are conducted in 19 languages acrossthe country. The type of school in which children are enrolled (government or private) is also recorded.

* This is the weighted average for children ingovernment and private schools only.

2012

2014

2016

2018

% Children in Std III whocan read Std II level textYear

Govt Pvt Govt &Pvt*

Table 5: Trends over timeReading in Std III by school type2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018

* This is the weighted average for children in government and private schools only.

2012

2014

2016

2018

% Children in Std V who canread Std II level text

% Children in Std VIII whocan read Std II level textYear

Govt Pvt Govt &Pvt*

Govt Pvt Govt &Pvt*

Table 6: Trends over timeReading in Std V and Std VIII by school type2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018

Letters Words

Std II level text Std I level text

The highest level in the

ASER reading assessment is

a Std II level text. Table 5

shows the proportion of

children in Std III who can

read Std II level text. This

figure is a proxy for “grade

level” reading for Std III.

Data for children enrolled

in government schools and

private schools is shown

separately.

29.5 45.4 17.0 5.7 2.6 100

11.8 23.6 21.4 22.1 21.2 100

5.4 13.0 16.3 23.3 42.0 100

2.8 7.1 11.7 19.8 58.6 100

2.7 5.6 7.0 18.4 66.4 100

2.1 3.6 5.6 14.5 74.3 100

1.5 3.7 4.5 12.1 78.3 100

1.8 2.7 4.3 11.0 80.2 100

34.9 37.6 35.3

33.1 37.0 33.8

41.1 38.5 40.6

44.2 33.6 42.1

55.3 62.2 58.3 81.4 83.7 83.3

51.7 56.2 53.5 71.6 78.3 76.5

63.1 62.6 62.9 75.2 76.1 75.9

66.0 67.1 66.5 79.4 80.4 80.1

ASER 2018 149

Arithmetic

The arithmetic tool is a progressive tool. Each row shows the variation in children’sarithmetic levels within a given grade. For example, among children in Std III, 5.2%cannot even recognize numbers 1-9, 21.6% can recognize numbers up to 9 but cannotrecognize numbers up to 99 or higher, 46.2% can recognize numbers up to 99 butcannot do subtraction, 23.7% can do subtraction but cannot do division, and 3.4%can do division. For each grade, the total of these exclusive categories is 100%.

Std Not even1-9

Subtract Divide Total

I

II

III

IV

V

VI

VII

VIII

Table 7: % Children by grade and arithmetic levelAll children 2018

Recognize numbers

Arithmetic Tool (Marathi)

Chart 4: Trends over time% Children who can do divisionCohorts of children in Std IV in 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014

This graph shows the progress of four cohorts from Std IV to Std VIII. For example, thefirst cohort was in Std IV in 2008, in Std VI in 2010, and in Std VIII in 2012. For thiscohort, % children who were at division level in Std IV (in 2008) was 27.5% and inStd VI (in 2010) was 55%. When the cohort reached Std VIII in 2012, this figure was44.3%. The progress of each of these cohorts can be understood in the same way.


ASER learning assessments are conducted in the household. Children in the age group 5-16 are assessed. Assessments are conducted in 19 languages acrossthe country. The type of school in which children are enrolled (government or private) is also recorded.

In most states, children areexpected to do 2-digit by2-digit subtraction withborrowing by Std II. Table 8shows the proportion ofchildren in Std III who cando subtraction. This figureis a proxy for “grade level”arithmetic for Std III. Datafor children enrolled ingovernment schools andprivate schools is shownseparately.

* This is the weighted average for children ingovernment and private schools only.

2012

2014

2016

2018

% Children in Std III whocan do at least subtractionYear

Govt Pvt Govt &Pvt*

Table 8: Trends over timeArithmetic in Std III by school type2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018

* This is the weighted average for children in government and private schools only.

2012

2014

2016

2018

% Children in Std V who cando division

% Children in Std VIII whocan do divisionYear

Govt Pvt Govt &Pvt*

Govt Pvt Govt &Pvt*

Table 9: Trends over timeArithmetic in Std V and Std VIII by school type2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018

Maharashtra RURAL

1-9 10-9928.8 51.1 18.9 0.8 0.4 100

10.1 39.1 44.4 5.9 0.4 100

5.2 21.6 46.2 23.7 3.4 100

2.8 11.7 36.5 31.6 17.6 100

1.8 9.5 29.7 28.8 30.2 100

1.8 7.3 29.6 25.0 36.3 100

1.8 6.2 30.4 23.5 38.2 100

1.6 5.3 32.0 20.5 40.5 100

22.5 34.1 24.0

17.9 22.6 18.7

22.4 29.0 23.8

28.1 23.3 27.1

20.2 25.8 22.6 45.1 44.2 44.4

16.6 22.2 18.9 30.8 33.6 32.9

19.7 21.7 20.5 32.4 31.0 31.4

31.7 28.0 30.2 41.4 40.4 40.7

150 ASER 2018

Beyond basics


Maharashtra RURAL

Age 8-10

Age 11-13

Age 14-16

Table 10: Basic reading by age group andgender 2018

% Children who can readStd ll level textAge group

Age 8-10

Age 11-13

Age 14-16

% Children who cando divisionAge group

Table 12: Of all children who can do subtraction but not division, % children whocan correctly answer by age and gender 2018

Age 14

Age 15

Age 16

Age 14-16

Calculating timeApplying unitary

methodFinancial decision

makingCalculating discount

Male Female All Male Female All Male Female All Male Female All

Table 13: Of all children who can do division, % children who can correctly answerby age and gender 2018

Age 14

Age 15

Age 16

Age 14-16

Calculating timeApplying unitary

methodFinancial decision

makingCalculating discount

Male Female All Male Female All Male Female All Male Female All

42.5 51.7 47.0

71.3 77.7 74.5

79.7 84.3 82.1

35.0 35.3 35.1 11.2 11.4 11.3

58.1 62.7 60.4 33.8 37.6 35.6

58.2 59.9 59.1 38.5 40.6 39.6

40.3 20.0 29.6 53.1 37.9 45.1 38.6 24.1 31.0 16.0 10.3 13.0

42.2 37.0 39.5 48.9 39.7 44.1 44.1 30.5 37.0 29.9 9.1 19.1

32.2 28.4 30.3 53.8 40.5 47.3 36.0 20.4 28.4 20.2 19.6 19.9

38.6 27.6 33.0 51.9 39.1 45.4 39.6 25.3 32.2 21.6 12.2 16.8

43.2 37.9 40.5 63.4 54.8 59.1 43.2 38.7 40.9 32.1 23.9 28.0

41.4 47.7 44.8 56.8 57.1 57.0 42.6 44.3 43.5 40.3 25.2 32.2

54.9 45.4 49.3 67.3 58.5 62.1 38.2 37.0 37.5 37.5 29.0 32.5

45.6 43.5 44.4 62.2 56.7 59.2 41.7 40.0 40.8 36.2 25.9 30.7

These questions were asked only to children in the age group 14-16. For each task, the surveyor showed the visual and read out the question to the child.The exact answer given by the child was recorded. The results are reported only for those children who were able to do at least subtraction correctly.

Male Female All Male Female All Male Female All

% Children who can do at leastsubtraction

Basic reading and arithmetic

Financial decision making Calculating discount

Calculating time Applying unitary method

Table 11: Basic arithmetic by age group and gender 2018

Age

Age

ASER 2018 151

In each sampled village, the largest government school with primary sections is visited on the day of the survey. Information about schools in this reportis based on these visits.

School facilities

ANALYSIS BASED ON DATA FROM GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS. 33 OUT OF 33 DISTRICTSData is not presented where sample size is insufficient.

Total schools visited

Table 14: Trends over timeNumber of schools visited2010, 2014, 2016 and 2018

Upper primary schools(Std I-VII/VIII)

Primary schools(Std I-IV/V)% Enrolled children present(Average)% Teachers present(Average)

Table 15: Trends over timeStudent and teacher attendance on the day of visit2010, 2014, 2016 and 2018

% Enrolled children present(Average)

20182010 2014 2016

% Schools where Std II children wereobserved sitting with one or more otherclasses

Table 16: Trends over timeMultigrade classes2010, 2014, 2016 and 2018

% Schools where Std II children wereobserved sitting with one or more otherclasses

% Schools where Std IV children wereobserved sitting with one or more otherclasses

% Schools where Std IV children wereobserved sitting with one or more otherclasses

20182010 2014 2016


Primary schools(Std I-IV/V)

20182010 2014 2016

20182010 2014 2016

20182010 2014 2016

% Teachers present(Average)

Maharashtra RURAL

2010 2014 2016% Schools with 2018Kitchen shed for cooking mid-day mealMid-day meal served in school on day of visitNo facility for drinking waterFacility but no drinking water availableDrinking water availableTotalNo toilet facilityFacility but toilet not useableToilet useableTotalNo separate provision for girls’ toiletSeparate provision but lockedSeparate provision, unlocked but not useableSeparate provision, unlocked and useableTotalNo libraryLibrary but no books being used by children on day of visitLibrary books being used by children on day of visitTotalElectricity connectionOf schools with electricity connection, % schools with electricityavailable on day of visitNo computer available for children to useAvailable but not being used by children on day of visitComputer being used by children on day of visitTotal

Table 17: Trends over time% Schools with selected facilities2010, 2014, 2016 and 2018

Drinkingwater

Girls’toilet

Library

Mid-daymeal

Toilet

Electricity

Computer

47.5 53.2 55.6 56.9

46.8 49.4 51.9 52.7

34.3 38.9 45.5 44.0

26.9 32.1 40.9 37.9

435 409 354 419

467 466 427 508

902 875 781 927

91.5 85.1 85.1 86.5

93.8 90.8 91.8 88.3

92.4 86.9 86.9 86.2

91.7 91.8 91.5 90.3

78.2 92.0 95.6 94.990.7 94.8 94.5 94.718.7 15.9 14.6 15.712.3 13.7 18.4 13.469.0 70.5 67.1 70.9100 100 100 1002.9 2.9 3.1 1.7

44.1 30.9 29.0 28.253.0 66.3 67.9 70.1100 100 100 100

13.7 9.8 7.8 6.632.3 18.2 12.1 14.610.8 13.0 17.7 14.943.2 59.1 62.4 63.9100 100 100 100

14.0 17.4 16.3 11.619.6 46.2 37.8 51.566.5 36.4 45.9 36.9100 100 100 100

92.0 91.8

66.7 53.7 44.9 35.413.5 31.6 37.2 45.519.8 14.7 17.8 19.0100 100 100 100

78.3 78.9

School observations



152 ASER 2018


Other school indicatorsIn each sampled village, the largest government school with primary sections is visited on the day of the survey. Information about schools in this report isbased on these visits.

Maharashtra RURAL

% Schools which reported having an SMC

Of all schools that have an SMC, % schools that had the last SMC meeting

Before July

Between July and September

After September

2014 2016 2018

Table 19: Physical education and sports in schools 2018

20182010 2014 2016


Table 18: Trends over time% Schools with total enrollment of 60 or less2010, 2014, 2016 and 2018

Dedicatedtime forphysicaleducation

Physicaleducationteacher

Playground

Availability of any sports equipment

Supervised physical education activity observed on dayof visit

Std I-IV/V

Std I-VII/VIII

Allschools

Physical education period in the timetable

Total

Separate physical education teacher

Other physical education teacher

No physical education teacher

Total

Playground inside the school premises

Playground outside the school premises

No accessible playground

Total

No physical education period butdedicated time allotted

No physical education period andno dedicated time allotted

5.1 4.9 2.9

85.9 71.9 77.2

9.1 23.2 19.9

33.0 39.5 44.0 45.4

1.3 5.0 10.6 10.7

91.0 94.4 92.9

7.5 4.0 5.6

1.5 1.6 1.5

100 100 100

6.2 16.4 11.8

88.8 77.9 82.8

5.0 5.7 5.4

100 100 100

83.6 89.9 87.0

8.0 5.8 6.8

8.5 4.4 6.2

100 100 100

68.8 78.7 74.2

24.2 30.2 27.5

98.7 98.8 98.9

% Schools with

Table 20: School Management Committee (SMC) in schools2014, 2016 and 2018


maharashtra 2018/release material/english... · 19.6 75.4 0.0 5.1 100 77.9 1.7 10.5 0.7 0.5 0.0 8.7...

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