mainframe brief discussion

MainframeAdministrationMaterial

ConsoleMonitoring:Wereplytooutstandingmessage.

Therearetwotypesofthemessagecomesinconsole.1) WTO:WriteToOperatorWhichwillinformstooperatortoperformsome

operationaftersometime.IEF125ILoggedonIEF126ILoggedoffIEF403IJob/subsystemisstarted.IEF404IJob/subsystemiscancelled.IEE360INewSMFmandatasetisstartedIEF649IDDstatementexceedsthelimit.2) WTOR:WriteToOperatorReplyWhichneedsimmediateattentionbyoperator.IEE362AOneSMFmandatasetisfilledIEA231ABuffershortage.

Therearethreedifferenttypesofmode,RollDelete(RD)Mode:ExpectWTORmessagerestofthemessagewillbeautomaticallyrolledanddelete.Roll(R)Mode:Allthemessagerolledanddeletedautomatically.None(N)Mode:Ifthefirsttenmessagegenerate,wecannotseethefurtherhappeningmessage,thenithangssystemtotally,thenBuffershortagewillhappen,toclearthebuffershortageproblemwecanusethiscommands.

KTocleartheallWTOmessage.KE,particularlineToclearWTORmessageofaparticularline.KSToshowthecurrentmode.KS,DEL=R,RD,NTochangeonemodetoanothermode.KQTocleartheWTOandWTORmessage.KE,DErasebottomdisplayareaanconsole.

Displaycommandusedinconsole:

/DR,LDisplayoutstandingrequest


/DC,LDisplayConsole/DC.BItsdisplaytheconsolebuffer/DC,KDisplaylistofControlcommandoperands

SPOOLMonitoring:Itcontainsstatusandhistoryofthejob.

IfthejobisgoinginloopwefindthroughTGNUM(TrackGroupNumber),ifitexceedsmorethanthree,foreg:TGNUM=4,thenjobisgoinginloop,immediatelyineedtocancelorpurgethejob.ThenuserwillgetS222abendcodeforthatjob.IfthejobcanbenotcancelledwecancancelorpurgethejobwithhelpofASID.Assoonasspoolcrosses80%wewillgetaWTORmessageintheconsole.$hasp050ShortageofJESResourceImmediatelyIwillcheckthejobwhichisusingmorethan5%ofspoolareausingcommand/$Djobq,spl=(%>=5)itwilldisplaythejobwhichisusingmorethan5%ofspoolarea.Iwillcancelallthedevelopmentandtestingjobwhichisusingmorespoolvolume.IfitisaproductionjobIwillinformtojobowner,inmeantime,Iwillalsoopenaticketusingservicecenterandcloselyfollowtillthejobgetsover.Still,theproductionjobcontinuouslyusethemorespoolarea,Iwillcancelthejobandinformtheuser.

TheotherwayofMonitoringspool:InSDSF*wehaveanoptionH.InoptionH,wecanseealltheoutputandprintedjob.Iwillpurgethejobwhichisolderthannnumberofdays./$Pojobq,ready,all,a=n


IPLPROCESS

InitialprogramloadisloadingofOSfromAuxiliarystoragetocentralstorageexecutingit.

IPLInternalProcess:

IPLablediskscontainabootstrapmoduleatcylinder0track0.AtIPL,thisbootstrapisloadedintostorageatrealaddresszeroandcontrolispassedtoit.

ThebootstrapthenreadstheIPLcontrolprogramIEAIPL00 (alsoknownasIPLtext)andpassescontroltoit.

IEAIPL00 first It clears central storage to 0 before storage areas for the masterscheduler.

ItlocatestheSYS1.NUCLEUSdatasetontheSYSRESvolumeandloadsaseriesofprogramsfromitknownasIPLResourceInitializationModules(IRIMs).

IRIMSReadtheLOADPARMinformationenteredonthehardwareconsoleatthetimetheIPLcommandwasexecuted.

IRIMwillsfirstattempttolocateLOADxxinSYS0.IPLPARM.Ifthisisunsuccessful,itwilllookforSYS1.IPLPARM.

LoadMVSnucleus.

ThelastoftheIRIMsthenloadsthefirstpartofthe NucleusInitializationProgram(NIP),whichinvokestheResourceInitializationModules(RIMs),

Itthencommunicatewithconsole initialvirtualstorageinmasterscheduleraddressspace allotherroutines. createaddressspaceforprimaryandsecondarysubsystem.

ThreetypesofIPLstart:


ColdStart:LoadPLPAbutdoesnotpreserveviodatasets.QuickStart:DoesnotreloadPLPAandnotpreserveviodatasets.WarmStart:DoesnotpreservePLPA,butpreserveviodatasets.

IPLStartupProcess:

LogontoHMCpanel. Gotoconsoleactionandclickstart3270emulator. InHMCpanel,selectthegroup,itwilldisplaytwoicon.CPCandImage. FirstgotoCPCandclickCPCnameandselectthePORindailyactivitypanel. GototoHMCpanelandselecttheimageandclicktheimage. SelecttheparticularLPARandclickactivateindailyactivitypanel. Startthesubsystem

SETSMF=00(toactivatemandatasetitwillrecordtheallsysteminmainframe)

02,WARM,NOREQ

SVTAM(communicationbetweenserverandterminal)

STSO(tosharetheoperatingsystemfromterminal)

STCPIP(connectionbetweenserverandterminal)

#STARTDB2

SCICSC001

ShutdowntheIPLProcess:BeforeperformingIPLshutdown.IwillsendamessagetotheTSOusertocanceltheTSOsession.


Byusing/DTS,Lor/DA,Litwilldisplaycurrentlyloggedonuser.IfitzeroIwillstarttobringsubsystemdown

CCICSCC001TOSTOPCICS

#STOPDB2TOSTOPDB2

PTCPIPTOSTOPTCPIP

PTSOTOSTOPTSO

PRMFTOSTOPRMF

ZNET,QUICKTOSTOPVTAM

CSYSLOGD1TOSTOPSYSLOGD1

$PITOCANCELINITIATORS

FBPXOINIT,SHUTDOWN=FORKINITTOSTOPOMVS

$PJES2,TERMTOSTOPJES

SETSMF=01

ZEOD(storestheinternalip/opdeviceerror)

LogontoHMCpanelo InHMCpanel,selectthegroup,itwilldisplaytwoicon.CPCandImage.o FirstgotoimageandselecttheparticularLPARandclickdeactivateinDaily

ActivityPanelo InHMCpanelselecttheCPCandclicktheCPCrecoveryindailyactivity

panelandclickshutdownindailyactivitypanel.


LPARcanbecreatedthroughHMCpanelandalsoinPR/SM.

LPAR:Logicalpartitionwecanpartitiontheprocessoraccordingtoourrequirement.

CPC:CentralProcessorcomplex.Itconsiststhesetupofcentralprocessorandchannelsubsystemandstorageandhardware.

POR:PowerOnReset.Itwillchecktheallhardwareconfigurationofmainframewhetherworkingproperlyornot.

JES:JobEntrysubsystemAftersubmissionofjob,jeswillbetakecareofthejob.

ThereareSixdifferentphases:

Input:Aftersubmissionofjob,jobwillbeplacedinjesinputqueue. Conversion:Itwillconverttomachinereadablelanguagebyusinginterpreter. Execution:Dependsontheprtyofthejob,itwillexecutethejob. Output:Aftertheexecutionofjob,itwillplacejobinjesoutputqueue. Hardcopy:Aftertheexecutionofjob,itwilldirectlysenttoprinter,whichwillbe

specifiedinmsgclass. Purge:Wecandeletethejobforthespoolmaintenances.

Diffb/wJES2andJES3:Jes2:Jes3DecentralizedCentralizedPrty=15Prty=14MonoplexSysplexOnlycertainoperationcanbeperformedAlloperationcanbeperformed

Singlejes3cancontrolthennumberofjes2.

Displaycommand:

/DT displaytimeanddateofserver.


/DTS,L displaylistofactiveuseronsystem,/DJ,L displayvarioussubsysteminasystem./DA,L displayactiveuserandactivesubsystem./DIPLINFO displayinformationaboutIPL/DSMF displayMANdataset/DDCLEAR,DSN=ALL clearalldumps/DD,T Showdumpdatasets/DR,L Displayoutstandingrequest/Du,TAPE DisplaystatusofTape/Du,DASD DisplayvariousDASDactive/DXCF Displaysysplexname/DM=CPU DisplayinformationrelatedtoCPU./DM=CHP Displaychannelpath/DC,L DisplayConsole/DPFK Displaykeyconfiguration/CU=USERID CancelTSOsession./DOPDATA Itdisplaysubsystemprefixes./DSSI Itdisplayallsubsystem/DM=DEV Itsdisplayallpathtodevices.

JESCommand

$DINITDisplayallinitiators$AReleaseallheldjobs$A'jobname'Releasespecificjob.Quotesrequired.$C'jobname'Canceljoboruser$DA,ALLStatusofallJES2functions$D'jobname'DisplayJESstatusofjoboruser$E'jobname'Restartjobafteritcompletes$DsplDisplayspoolultizationandspoolvolume.$DjobqDisplaythejobqueue.$DIdisplaythestatusinitiator.$HAor$H'jobname'Holdjobs$P'jobname'Purgeajob(includingspooledoutput)$TI3,C=ABAssignjobclassesforaninitiator$DNDisplayinputqueues


$DQDisplayqueues

SystemManagementFacility(SMF)

SMFismainlyusedforbillingpurpose.Itrecordstheallthesystemhappening.Itconsistssystemrelateinformationandjobrelateinformation.

SystemrelatedSMFrecordsincludeinformationabouttheconfiguration,pagingactivity,andworkload.

JobrelatedrecordsincludeinformationontheCPUtime,SYSOUTactivity,anddatasetactivityofeachjobstep,job,APPC/MVStransactionprogram,andTSO/Esession.

SMFReportGeneration:Step1:TransfercontentsofSMFdatasetstoanotherdataset(PS)usingIFASMPDPutility.Step2:WeneedtosorttherecordaccordingtoourorganizationneedbyusingICETOOLutility.Step3:UsingLoadutilityweneedtoinsertdatafromdatasettotable.Step4:UsingFTP,wecanconvertTableintoMSExcel.

SMS:NonSMSManagedvolume:Whilecreatingthedatasetifwementionthevolumewherethedatasetshouldresides.

SMSManagedvolume:Whilecreatingthedatasetifwenotmentionthevolume,itwillautomaticallyallocateinavailablevolumebyusingACSRoutine.ACSRoutinewhichcontainstheDataClass:SpecifyDatasetallocationparameter.StorageClass:AvailabilityandPerformance.ManagementClass:SpecifyDatasetBackupandMigrationcriteria.StorageGroup:AGroupofoneormoreDASDVolumesthanSMSusesfordatasetallocation.


CONTROLDATASETS:SourceControlDataset.ActiveControlDatasetCommunicationsDatasetSourceControlDataset.(SCDS)TheSCDScontainsasetofSMSclassesandgroupsanttranslatedroutinesthatimplementsspecificsetofstoragemanagementpolicies.ActiveControlDataset.(ACDS)TheACDSisthethesystemactivecopyofthecurrentSCDS.Whenyouactivateaconfiguration,SMScopiestheexistingconfigurationfromthespecifiedSCDSintoACDS.CommunicationsDataset(COMMDS)TheCOMMDSdatasetcontainsthenameoftheACDSandstoragegroupvolumesstatistics.ItsenablescommunicationbetweenSMSsysteminaMultiplessystemEnvironment.

Backup:PhysicalBackup:Ifwewanttotakebackupforentirevolume.LogicalBackup:Ifwewanttotakebackupforparticularuseridwhichmayresideindifferentvolume.Restoring:CopyingadatasetfromtapetoDASD.Compress:Itisusedtocompresstheallunusedspaceindataset.Defrag:Itisusedtocompresstheallunusedspaceinonesideandusedspaceinotherside.Release:Oncescompressutilityisexecuted,itwillreleasethealltheunusedspace.

Utility:ADRDSSU:Compress,Physicalbackup,Defragmentation,Logicalbackup,RestorageIEHINITT:ForTapeinitialization.ICKDSF:ForDASDinitialization.

CustomizationofParmlib:

1)HandlingSpoolShortage:

Permanent:


cpac.parmlibinjes2parm

SPOOLNUM=32(weneedtoincreaseinvalue)

Note:Ifthemaximumof253spoolvolumesisexceededduringacoldstart,JES2issuesamessageinformingtheoperatorthatmorespoolvolumeswerefoundthanexpectedfromtheSPOOLNUMparameterontheSPOOLDEFinitializationstatement.

Temporary:Wecandobythreeways:

1) startingthenewvolume:$SSPL(DSRED1)

2) HoldingorHaltingthevolume:$ZSPL,V=(DSRED9)

3) PurgingorDrain:$PSPL(DSRED9)

2)ChangingtheTSOTimeout:Afteraperiodofinactivity,TSOwillautomaticallylogauseroff.

cpac.parmlibinSMFPRM00

JWT(0030)/*After30minsitwillautomaticallylogoffthesessionifininactive.

3)ChangingtheTSOMaxuser:Maximumusercanbeusemainframesessioninsametime.

Permanently:MaxuservalueshouldbechangedinallthebelowParmlibmember.

Sys1.parmlibIEASYS00Cpac.parmlibTSOKEY00Tcpivp.tcpparmPROFILERCpac.vtamlstA0600

Temporarily:


FVTAM,TSO,USERMAX=600

SMP/EProductinstallation:Omegamon:JobMonitoringTool.

1) DownloadtheomegamonPackage.2) CreatetheHFSfileandinOMVSdirectory.3) TransferthefileusingFTP,availableforthehost.4) Updatethesamplejobandinstallthepackage5) Unpaxusingutility(IKJEFT01)meansdecompressit.6) Gimunzip(transferringwisetomainframe07) CreateSMP/EdatasetusingutilityIEFBR148) CreateCSIdatasetusingIDCAMS9) Initializezpoolwhichispresentinsys1.maclibusingreprocommandutilityusedin

Gimzpool10)Createzonesglobal,target,distributionusingutilityGimsmp11)DDDEFwehaveusingGimsmp12)SMP/Ereceivecommand.13)Creationoftarget&distributionlibrariesIEFBR14utility.14)CheckwithapplycommandusingGimsmp.15)ThenapplyCommand.

SMP/ESMP/Eisatooldesignedtomanagetheinstallationofsoftwareproductsonyourz/OSSystemandtotrackthemodificationsyoumaketothoseproducts

Therearetwotypesoflibraries:

a.Targetlibraries

Targetlibrariescontaintheexecutablecodeneededtorunyoursystem(forexample,thelibrariesfromwhichyourunyourproductionsystemoryourtestsystem).

b.Distributionlibraries

Distributionlibraries(DLIBs)containthemastercopyofeachelementforasystem.


TypesofSymonds.1.FunctionSymonds.Theseintroduceanewproduct,anewversionorreleaseofaproduct,orupdatedfunctionsforanexistingproductintothesystem.

2.PTFsWhenaproblemwithsoftwareisdiscovered.IBMsuppliescustomerwithtestedfixforthatproblem.Thiswillcomeinformofprogramtemporaryfix.

3.APARSymondsAstimesyouillfinditnecessarytocorrectaseriousproblemthatoccuronyoursystembeforePTFisreadyfordistribution.ThereforeinthiscircumstanceIBMsuppliedwithyouauthorizedprogramanalysisreport.

4.USERMODSYSMODThisSysmodcanbeusedtoreplaceorupdateanelementortointroduceatotallynewwritteneventtoyoursystem.TheUSERMODiscreatedbyyoutoeithertomodifyIBMcodeortoaddyourowncodetosystem.

SYSMODsarecomposedoftwoparts:

1.Modificationcontrolstatements(MCS):Itcontainstheinformationabouttheproduct.

2.Modificationtext,whichistheobjectmodules,macros,andotherelementssuppliedbytheSYSMOD.

SYSMODpackages.1.CBPDO2.Serverpac3.Systempac.4.EnteryServerOffering.5.SoftwareExcel.

TARGETZONE:Itisusedtorecordinformationaboutstatusandstructureofoperatingsystemortargetlibraries.


GLOBALZONE:EntriesneededtoidentifyanddescribeeachtargetanddistributionzonetoSMP/E.InformationaboutSMP/Eprocessings.

CSIDATASETSItcontainsallinformationaboutSMP/Eneedtotrackdistributionandtargetlibraries.CSIcontainentryforeachelementinitssystemwhichdescribeselementname,type,history,howtheelementwasintroducedinsystem.

Receive:Itwillplacesysmodtoglobalzone. Reject:Itwillclearfromtheglobalzoneplaceitbacktosysmod. Apply:Thecontentofproductinglobalzoneitwillplaceintargetzone. Accept:ifwearestatisfiedwithproductsothatwecangiveacceptcommandandit

willplaceindistributionzone. Restore:Itwillclearthetargetzoneanditwilltaketheproductfromglobalzone

placeintotargetzone.

PageDataset:Pagedatasetisusedtotransferthepagefromauxiliarystoragetomainstorage.ItisanvirtualstorageinothertermswecansayitisusedtoauxillarystorageandmanagedbyAuxiliaryStorageManager(ASM).


Asyourworkloadincreases,theremaybeashortageofauxiliarystorage.Whenthesystemdetects70percentofspacearealreadyinuse,itissuesthefollowingmessage:

IRA200EAUXILIARYSTORAGESHORTAGE

ThesystemrejectsLOGON,MOUNT,andSTARTcommandsuntiltheshortageisrelieved.Ifnoactionistaken,thesystemissuesthefollowingmessagewhen90percentofallavailableauxiliarystorageisinuse:

IRA201ECRITICALAUXILIARYSTORAGESHORTAGE

ThesolutiontothisproblemistoincreasetheauxiliarystoragebyDefiningnewpagedatasetanddefineinIEASYSxx.

Syntaxtocreatepagedataset:DEFINEPAGESPACE(FILE(PAGELOC)NAME(PAGE.CPAC.LOCAL3)CYLINDERS(200)VOLUME(DSRED6))

Torelateanewlycreatedpagedatasettogivethefollowingcommand

PAGEADDPAGE=PAGE.CPAC.LOCAL3

Toviewthestatusofthesepagedatasetissuethefollowingcommand;

/DASMIEE200I02.28.37DISPLAYASM539TYPEFULLSTATDEVDATASETNAMEPLPA67%OK0802 PAGE.CPAC.PLPACOMMON13%OK0802 PAGE.CPAC.COMMONLOCAL25%OK0802 PAGE.CPAC.LOCAL1LOCAL23%OK0802 PAGE.CPAC.LOCAL2LOCAL3%OK0802 PAGE.CPAC.LOCAL3NOSWAPDATASETSAREINUSEPROD.LOCAL3AGEADDCOMMAND531


LOGREC:LOGRECwillcontaininformationaboutmachinefailuressuchusprocessorfailures,I/Oerrorsandprogramerrorrecordingetc.TheseinfowillbestoredinLogrecdataset,thisdatasetisspecifiedinIEASYSxxParmlibmember,Parameteris

LOGREC=SYS1.CPAC.LOGRECToinitializealogrecdatasetweareusingutilitypgm=IFCDIP00

Ifweareworkinginmultisystemenvironmenteachsystem(LPAR0shouldhaveuniqueLOGRECdataset.IfLOGRECDatasetreaches90%thenitwillthroughthefollowingmessagetoconsole.IFB080ELOGRECDATASETNEWFULL,DSN=SYS1.LOGREC

IfLOGRECiscompletelyfullthenitwilldisplaytimewithmessage.

IFB081ILOGRECDATASETISFULL,hh.mm.ss,DSN=SYS1.LOGREC

TocleartheLOGRECDatasetweareusingutilityprogram=IFCEREP1

RMF:ResourceMeasurementFacilityismainlyusedforperformance.Wecanconfigureandtunetheproductaccordingtoourorganisationneed.

RMFhasthreedatagatherers/reportersknownasmonitors: MonitorILongtermdatacollection MonitorIIOnlinesnapshotmonitoring MonitorIIIOnlineshorttermandlongtermdatagathering.

ItsparameterdefinedinERBRMFxxmemberlocatedinSYS1.IBM.PARMLIB.DefaultisERBRMF00.Defaultvaluefordatagatheringisonesecondandfordatarecording30minutes.


RACF:ResourceAccessControlFacilityisz/OSsecurityserver,itismainlyusedforsecuritypurpose.Andalsogivetheaccesstoprotectedresource.Majorrolesfunctionaregivetheaccesstoprotectedresource,recordingandreportingtheaccessattempts.

Profile:RACFstoresalltheinformationabouttheuser,groupandresourcesinprofile.

User:AnindividualmembercanbeidentifiedbyhisuniqueidandpasswordGroup:AGroupiscollectionofRACFUserwhosharecommonaccessrequirementstoprotectedresourceorwhohassimilarattributewithinthesystem.Resource:Anyinformationstoredoncomputersystemsuchasdataset,terminalandvolume.Dataset:Datasetcanbeprotectedusingdiscreteorgenericdatasetprofile.Discrete:oneprofileusedtoprotectoneresources,Genericoneprofileusedtoprotectmorethanoneresource.

RACFDatabase:ARACFDatabasecontaininformationaboutalltheprofileandotherresourcesdefinedtoRACF.

RACFMODEL:Modelisaparameterthatspecifiesthenameofthedatasetprofiletobeusedasamodelforthenewdatasetprofile.

RACFCommand:Tocreateuserid:ADDUSERmani001name(Mani)OWNER(ARICH01)SUPGROUP(manigrp)

Tolistuserid:Lumani001

ToDeletetheuserid:DUmani001

Alteruserid:


ALUmani001name(manivannan)ALUmani001owner(newowner)ALUmani001revokeALUmani001resumeALUmani001password(thusali)resume

ProfileGroup:TocreateGroup:AGmanigrpsupgroup(aricgrp)owner(arich01)ToalterGroup:ALGmanigrpowner(newowner)

TolistGroup:Lgmanigrp

TodeleteGroup:Dgmanigrp

Profileconnect:COnnectmani001group(newgrp)Alumani001Dfltgrp(newgrp)Removemani001group(oldgrp0

ProfileDataset:ToProtectthedataset:TodefinedatasettoracfwithuniversalaccessnoneADDSDmani001.**UACC(NONE)TOpermitdatasettootherwithaccessreadorupdatePERMITmani001.**ACC(READ/UPDATE)ID(babu001)

Alterdatasetprotection:ALTDSDmani001.**acc(read)id(babu001)

Listdatasetprotection:LISTDSDmani001.**


Todeletedatasetprotection:DELDSDmani001.**notify(arich01)

ProfileGeneralDatabase;TolistRacfdatabase:RVARY

ToswitchRacfDatabase:RVARYSWITCH

TolistallclassesSETRLIST

TolistoneparticularclassanditsprofilenamesRLISTclassname*

TolistaparticularprofilenamesRLISTclassnameprofilename

Todefineaclasstoracfi.echangeitfromGenerictoactiveclassToprotecttheclassbygivinguniversalaccessnoneRDEFINEclassnameprofilenameuacc(none)TopermittheclassbygivingaccessreadPERMITprofilenameCL(classname)id(userid)access(read)

ToactivatetheclassandnotactivatingtheclassSetrclassactclassnameSetrnoclassactclassname

TorefreshtheclassaftermakingchangesSetrraclist(classname)refresh

Todeleteclassprotection:Rdeleteclassnameprofilename


Torevokeuseridsafter4attemptsofwrongpasswordandupdatingthestatisticsaboutitSetrpassword(revoke(4))Setrinitstats

Torevokeuseridsafter60daysofnologon&uupdatingthestatisticsaboutitSetrpassword(interval(60))Setrinitstats

TologonevensfterunlimitedwrongpasswordentrySetrpassword(norevoke)

Catalogs:

Acatalogisaz/OSdatasetthatdescribesotherdatasetattributesandrecordsthelocationofadatasetsothatthedatasetcanberetrievedwithoutrequiringtheusertospecifyitsvolumelocation

Alldatasetsmanagedbythestoragemanagementsubsystem(SMS)mustbecatalogedinanICFcatalog.

TypesofCatalog:1. IntegratedCatalogFacilitycatalogs.2. VsamCatalogs.3. OSCVOL(controlvolume)catalogs.

Advantages.1. ICFcatalogscanbeupdatedfasterthanVSAMcatalogsorOSCVOLS.2. AnICFcatalogscanhavedatasetscatalogsonanynumberofvolumes.3. Thecataloginformationthatrequiresmostfrequentupdateisphysicallylocatedin

VVDSonsamevolumeasdatasetsallowingfasteraccess.4. Maintainabilityisimprovedbysimplerbackupandrecoveryprocedures.


Theintegratedcatalogfacility(ICF)catalogAnICFconsistsoftwodifferentcomponents,onebasiccatalogstructure(BCS)andoneormoreVSAMvolumedatasets(VVDS).

TheVVDScanbeconsideredanextensionofthevolumetableofcontents(VTOC).

Basiccatalogstructure(BCS)ThebasiccatalogstructureisaVSAMkeysequenceddataset(KSDS).Itusesthedatasetnameasakeytostoreandretrievedatasetinformation.

.ForVSAMdatasets,theBCScontainsvolume,security,ownership,andassociationinformation.

FornonVSAMdatasets,theBCScontainsvolume,ownership,andassociationinformation.

FornonVSAMdatasetsthatarenotSMSmanaged,allcataloginformationiscontainedwithintheBCS.Forothertypesofdatasets,thereisotherinformationavailableintheVVDS.

ThreetypesofentriesinaVVDSOneVSAMvolumecontrolrecord(VVCR)ContainscontrolinformationaboutBCSswhichhavedatasetsonthisvolumeFirstlogicalrecordinaVVDSMultipleVSAMvolumerecords(VVR)ContaininformationabouttheVSAMdatasetsonthatvolumeContaininformationaboutaVSAMdatasetresidingonthevolumeNumberofVVRsvariesaccordingtothetypeofdatasetandtheoptionsspecifiedforthedatasetAlsoincludedaredatasetcharacteristics,SMSdata,extentinformation.ThereisoneVVRdescribingtheVVDsitself

MultiplenonVSAMvolumerecords(NVR)


ContaininformationaboutthenonVSAMdatasetonthatvolumeContainsSMSrelatedinformationVVDSisaVSAMentrysequenceddataset(ESDS)Datasetname:SYS1.VVDS.VvolserCanbedefinedexplicitlyorimplicitlyCatalogsbyfunctionByfunction,thecatalogs(BCSs)canbeclassifiedasmastercatalogandusercatalog

ThemastercatalogEachsystemhasoneactivemastercatalog.OnemastercatalogcanbesharedbetweendifferentMVSimages.Itdoesnothavetoresideonthesystemresidencevolume(theonethatisIPLed).Themastercatalogforasystemmustcontainentriesforallusercatalogsandtheiraliasesthatthesystemuses.Also,allSYS1datasetsmustbecatalogedinthemastercatalogforpropersysteminitialization.

IdentifyingthemastercatalogforIPLAtIPL,youmustindicatethelocation(volseranddatasetname)ofthemastercatalog.Thisinformationcanbespecifiedinoneoftwoplaces:SYS1.NUCLEUSmemberSYSCATxx(defaultisSYSCATLG)SYS1.PARMLIB/SYSn.IPLPARMmemberLOADxx.Thismethodisrecommended.

UsingaliasesAliasesareusedtotellcatalogmanagementwhichusercatalogyourdatasetiscatalogedin.First,youplaceapointertoanusercataloginthemastercatalogthroughtheIDCAMSDEFINEUCATcommandTodefineanalias,usetheIDCAMScommandDEFINEALIAS.

ListallALIASentriesinthemastercatalog:LISTCATALIASCAT(master.catalog.name)

Listausercatalogconnectorinthemastercatalog:LISTCATENT(user.catalog.name)ALL


Listthecatalogsselfdescribingrecord:LISTCATENT(user.catalog.name)CAT(user.catalog.name)ALL

ListingaVSAMornonVSAMdataset:LISTCATENT(data.set.name)ALL

ChangingthesizeofBCSorAttribute:1.LOCKTHECATALOG//sysindd**ALTERICFCAT.USER.CHEO8LOCK

//2.EXPORTBCSWITHEXPORTCOMMAND//SYSINDD*EXPORTICFCAT.USER.CHE08OUTFILE(DD1)TEMPORARY/*

3.DELETEBCSWITHRECOVERYOPTION//SYSINDD*DELETEICFCAT.USER.CHE08RECOVERYUSERCATALOG/*4.RedefineBCSwithdesiredspaceandperformanceattribute

5.IMPORTBCSusingimportcommand


SpecifyINTOEMPTYONIMPORTCOMMANDandalsospecifiesALIASsothataliaseseportingwithcatalogareredefined.

6.AlsoALTERUNLOCKcommand.

DefiningacatalogYoucanusetheIDCAMStodefineandmaintaincatalogs.Accessmethodservices(IDCAMS).Definingamastercatalogorusercatalogisbasicallythesame.//DEFCATJOB.//DEFCATEXECPGM=IDCAMS//SYSPRINTDDSYSOUT=A//SYSINDD*DEFINEUSERCATALOG(NAME(OTTO.CATALOG.TEST)MEGABYTES(1515)VOLUME(VSF6S4)ICFCATALOGFREESPACE(1010)STRNO(3))DATA(CONTROLINTERVALSIZE(4096)BUFND(4))INDEX(BUFNI(4))/*

DefiningaBCSwithamodelWhenyoudefineaBCSorVVDS,youcanuseanexistingBCSorVVDSasamodelforthenewone.Theattributesoftheexistingdatasetarecopiedtothenewlydefineddatasetunlessyouexplicitlyspecifyadifferentvalueforanattribute.Youcanoverrideanyofamodel'sattributes.

PARMLIB ItisrequiredPDSthatcontainIBMsuppliedandinstallationcreatedmemberswhich

containlistofsystemparametervalue. Purposeofparmlibisprovidemanyinitializationsparameterinprespecifiedformatin

asingledatasetandminimizetheneedforoperatortoenterparameter.


LOADxx[SYS1.IPLPARM]: Containinformationabout IODFdataset MasterCatalog SYS1.NUCLEUS(SYSCATxx) IEASYMxx ConcatenatedPARMLIB SYS1.PARMLIB SYS1.CPAC.PARMLIB SYS1.IBM.PARMLIB OthersSMP/E

IEAFIXxx:ItcontainthenameofmodulesthatarefixedincentralstorageofIPL.PROGxx[CPAC.PARMLIB]:Completesthenameofoneormoreparmlibmembers(PROGxx)thatspecifytheformatandcontentsoftheAPFauthorizedlibrarylist.PROGxxcanspecifyeitherastaticordynamicAPFlist.AdynamicformatallowsuserstoupdatetheAPFlistatanytimeduringnormalprocessingoratIPL.YoucanspecifyasmanyAPFauthorizedlibrariesasyouneedinadynamicAPFlist;thereisnosystemimposedmaximumnumber.PROGxxalsocontainsstatementsthatcontroltheuseofinstallationexitsandinstallationexitroutines.YoucanalsousePROGxxinsteadofLNKLSTxxtodefinetheLNKLSTconcatenationandactivateitatIPL.

AuthorizedProgramFacilitydatasets DynamicLNKLST DynamicExits

o Exitchaining

APFFORMAT(DYNAMIC)LNKLSTADDNAME(S2838)DSN(SYS1.CSSLIB)EXITADDEXITNAME(SYS.IEFACTRT)MODNAME(IEFACTRT)


IFAPRDXX[CPAC.PARMLIB]:Parametersthatdefineaproductenablementpolicy.Productfeaturesthatsupportproductenablement.Thepolicylisttheproductandfeaturesaswellassystemenvironmentinwhichtheyabletorun.

IGDSMSXX[SYS1.PARMLIB]:InitializetheStorageManagementSubsystem(SMS)andspecifythenamesoftheactivecontroldataset(ACDS)andthecommunicationsdataset(COMMDS).Initializationroutinetoactivatesmssubsystem(IGDSSIIN).

IKJTSOXX[CPAC.PARMLIB]:ForTSO/E,specifiesauthorizedcommandsandauthorizedprograms,programsthatareauthorizedwhencalledthroughtheTSOservicefacility,commandsthatmaynotbeissuedinthebackground,anddefaultsforSENDandLISTBCprocessing.

IEFSSNXX[CPAC.PARMLIB]:Parametersthatidentifywhatsubsystemsaretobeinitialized.DefinestaticsubsystemsACF2,RACF,orothersecuritypackageJES2DB2CICSSubsystemrecognitioncharacters

NUCLSTXX[SYS1.PARMLIB]:SpecifiesmembersofSYS1.NUCLEUStobeincludedin,orexcludedfrom,thenucleusregionatIPLtime.Eg.EXCLUDEoldmodINCLUDEnewmod


CLOCKXX[SYS1.PARMLIB]:ParametersthatcontroloperatorpromptingtosettheTODclock,specifyingthedifferencebetweenthelocaltimeandGMT,andETRusage.

MSTJCLXX[CPAC.PARMLIB]:Containsthemasterschedulerjobcontrollanguage(JCL)thatcontrolssysteminitializationand processing. You can place the master scheduler jcl in MSTJCLxx module inSYS1.LINLKIB

//JOB//STEPEXEC=IEEMB860,DPRTY=(15,15)//STCIRDRDDSYSOUT=(A,INTRDR)//TSOINRDRDDSYSOUT=(A,INTRDR)//IEFDSIDDDSN=SYS1.PROCLIB,DISP=SHRDDDSN=CPAC.PROCLIB,DISP=SHRDDDSN=SYS1.IBM.PROCLIB,DISP=SHR//SYSUADSDDDSNSYS1.UADS,DISP=SHR

IEASYSXX[SYS1.PARMLIB]:SystemparametersthatarevalidresponsestotheSPECIFYSYSTEMPARAMETERSmessage.Multiplesystemparameterlistsarevalid.ThelistischosenbytheoperatorSYSPparameterorthroughtheSYSPARMstatementoftheLOADxxparmlibmember.SystemAttributesCSA,SQA,PAGEdatasetsPointerstoothermembersCONSOLxxPROGxxLPALSTxxOMVS

TSOKEYXX[CPAC.PARMLIB]:VTIOCparametersthatareusedbyTSO/VTAMtimesharing.StartingTSO/VTAMtimesharingactivatestheterminalcontroladdressspace(TCAS).


ThefunctionofTCASistoaccepttheTSO/VTAMlogonrequestanttocreateanaddressspaceforeachTSOuser.TCASbuildTCAStableandinsertaparametervalueinit.TheVTAMterminalI/Ocoordinator(VTIOC)INTERFACEbetweenTSOandVTAM.EG. USERMAX=600 DEFAULT=60 MAX NO OF ADDRESS SPACE IN SYSTEMDEFAULTIS40.

COFVLFXX[SYS1.IBM.PARMLIB]:AllowsanauthorizedprogramtostorenamedobjectsinvirtualstoragemanagedbyVLFandtoretrievetheseobjectbynameonbehalfofusersinmultipleaddressspaces.VLFisdesigned primarily to improve performance by retrieving frequently used objects fromvirtualstorageratherperformingrepetitiveI/ooperationsfromDASD.TOSTARTVLFSTARTVLF,SUB=MSTR,NN=XX

COFDLFXX[SYS1.IBM.PARMLIB]:AllowsaprogramtostoreDLFobjectsthatcanbesharedbymanyjobsinvirtualstoragemanagedbyHiperbatch.TOSTARTDLFSTARTDLF,SUB=MSTR,NN=XX[SYS1.IBM.PARMLIB]:AllowsaninstallationtolisttheentrypointnameorLNKLSTlibrariesthatcanberefreshedbythe MODIFYLLA,UPDATE=xx command. TOSTARTLLALLA=XXcommandidentifiestheCSVLLAxxPARMLIBmembertobeusedtobuildLLAdirectory. This command is issued by the IBMsupplied IEACMD00parmlib memberduringsysteminitialization.

SMFPRMxx[SYS1.IBM.PARMLIB]:ParametersthatdefineSMFoptions.SystemmeasurementTuningCapacityplanningProblemdiagnosisExitsTimeoutforMVStasks


LPALSTxx[SYS.LPALIB]:ListofdatasetstobeconcatenatedtoSYS1.LPALIBfromwhichthesystembuildsthepageableLPA(PLPA).

CONSOLxx[SYS1.PARMLIB]:Parameterstodefineaninstallationsconsoleconfiguration,initializationvaluesforcommunicationstasks,thedefaultroutingcodesforallWTO/WTORmessagesthathavenone assigned, and the characteristics of the hardcopy message set. CONSOLxx alsocontainsparametersthatdefinethehardcopymediumanddesignatethealternateconsolegroupforhardcopyrecovery.

LNKLSTxx[SYS1.LINKLIB]:ListofdatasetstobeconcatenatedtoformtheLNKLSTconcatenation.

PFKTABxx[SYS1.PARMLIB]:Parameterscontainthedefinitionsforprogramfunctionkeytables(PFKtables).

COMMANDxx[CPAC.PARMLIB]:Commandstobeissuedbythecontrolprogramimmediatelyafterinitialization.JEScommandsmaynotbeincluded.Eg.COM=SETMPF=00 COM=SVLF,SUB=MSTRCOM=SDLF,SUB=MSTRCOM=SVTAMCOM=SSYSLOGD

BPXPRMxx[CPAC.PARMLIB]:UNIXSystemServicesNomemberstartsOMVSinminimalmodeMostparameterscanbechangeddynamicallyOthersrequireIPLMountHFSdatasetsatstartupSpecifyinitializationscrip

DB2:


Itiscollectionofdata.Itismainlyusedtomanagelargevolumeofdata.

DB2hasfiveaddressspace:1) DSNMSTR(SystemServices):Supportsystemoperationcommunication&

shutdown.2) DSNDBM01(DatabaseServices):Supportdefinition,updationandretrievedofDB2

data.3) IRLMPROC(LockingServices):Internalresourcelockmanagerusedforlocking

duringretrivalofconcurrentdata.4) DSNDIST(DistributedDBservice)Takecareofremoteaccessdatabaselocatedat

differentplace.5) DSNSPAS:Itprovidesanisolatedenvironmentinwhichtoexecutestored

procedure.

DB2catalogItcontaininformationaboutalloftheDB2objects(table,indexes,views,tablespace,

databaseandstorage).

DB2Directory: Adirectoryconsistsofsetofdb2tablestoredin5tablespacenamely1)SkeltonPackageTablespace2)SkeltonPackageTablespace3)SystemlograngeTablespace4)Systemutilities5)DatabaseDescriptor.

PCTFREE:Percentageofeachpagetobeleftfree

FREEPAGE:Numberofpagestobeloadedwithdatabetweeneachfreepage

BSDS:Itcontainstheallactiveandarchievelogdatasets.Duringinstallationofdb2,two

BSDScreatedandkeptindifferentvolume.

ActiveLogDataset:Itrecordsallthehappeningindb2.


ArchieveLogdataset:Copiesthecontentofactivelogtodasd.

Bufferpool:Itisanvirtualstoragearea.Ifthedataispresentinbufferpoolwecanretrieveitfastly.

Types:BP0,BP1,BP2,BP32

StorageGroup:Itisasetofvolumesondasdthesevolumesholddataset.

Database:Asetofdb2objecti.e.table,index,tablespaceandview.

ThreetypesofTablespace:

SimpleTablespace:Apagecontaininfoaboutmorethanonetable.

SegmentedTablespace: Cancontainoneormoretables.Tablespaceisdividedintosegmentsof4to64pages in incrementsof 4 pages.Eachsegment is dedicated tosingle table. A tablecanoccupymultiplesegments

PartitionedTablespace:CancontainonetableTablespaceisdividedintopartsandeachpartisputinaseparate

VSAMdataset.

ReferentialIntegrity:Mechanismthatensuresthatdataintegritybetweentablesrelatedbyprimarykeyand

foreignkey.

Primarykey:Itshouldbeanuniquekey,usingthiswecanretrieverecordsofatable.


Foreignkey:Aprimarykeyofparenttableshouldbenormalkeyofchildtable.

COMMIT: Signaltodb2subsystemthatthetransactionhascompletedsuccessfullyandanychangestothedatabasecanbecompleted.

SPUFI:Thissupportonlineexecutionofsqlstatementfromatsoterminal.

Modeoflock:S(SHARE):Thelockownerandanyconcurrentprocessescanreadbutcannotchangethelockedpage.U(UPDATE):ThelockownercanreadbutnotchangethelockedpageX(EXCLUSIVE):Thelockownercanreadorchangethelockedpage.

Isolationlevels:CSreleasesthelockonpageafteruseRRretainsalllockacquiredtillendoftransactions

MigrateDB2fromonereleasetootherversion.DUMPCATutility.

Thread:Itisaconnectionbetweenonesubsystemtoanothersubsystem.

DynamicSQL:Duringexecutionofsqlstatementwecanchangethevalue.

StaticSQL:Duringexecutionofsqlstatementwecannotchangethevalue.

Plan


Itisdb2object(producedduringthebindprocess)thatassociatesoneormoredatabaserequestmoduleswithaplanname.

DB2bindItisaprocessthatbuildaaccesspathtoDB2tables

PACKAGES:TheycontainexecutablecodeforSQLstatementsforoneDBRM

CursorACursorisanamedstructureusedtomakeasetofrowsavailabletoaprogram.Selectstatement ASELECTstatementisanSQLstatementthatretrievesdatafromaTABLEorVIEW.

EXPLAIN:EXPLAINisusedtodisplaytheaccesspathasdeterminedbytheoptimizerfora

SQLstatement

COPYPENDINGAstateinwhich,animagecopyonatableneedstobetaken,Inthisstatus,thetable

is available only for queries. You cannot update this table. To remove the COPYPENDINGstatus,youtakeanimagecopyoruseREPAIRutility.

CHECKPENDING:WhenatableisLOADedwithENFORCENOoption,thenthetableisleftin

CHECKPENDINGstatus.ItmeansthattheLOADutilitydidnotperformconstraintchecking

DB2onlineutility:Load:Itloadthesetofdatatothetable.

Copy:itisusedtotakebackupofthetablespace.

Mergecopy:Itmergesthefullcopyandincrementalcopy.

Reorg:


Itisusedtoreleasethefreespaceofthetablespace.

Modify:Deleterecordofspecificagespecifiedinthecontrolcard.

Quiesce:UsingRBA,wecanrecoverthetablewhichislostintablespace.

Runstat:Itisusedtogeneratereportforthetablespace.

Unlaod:Unloadbulkofrecordsfromtable.

CICS:

CICS:Customerinformationcontrolsystem.Itisusedtoconvertbatchprogramtoonline

processing.

Map:RepresentationofonescreenformatiscalledMap(Screenpanel)

TypesofMap:PhysicalMap:Mapisusedforcreationofcicsregion.

SymbolicMap:Mapisusedbycicsapplicationprogram

TransientDataQueueTemporaryStorageQueue1)Datacanbereadsequentially1)Datacanbereadrandomly2)Whilefetchingthedataitwill2)Whilefetchingthedataitwillaffectthealldata.affecttheonlytheparticulardata.

CICSresourceentriescreation:Itcanbecreatebytwoways:

1) CEDAOnlineProgram2) DFHCSDUPutilityBatchProgram

Weneedtocreate:


1)Programid(8character)2)Transactionid(4character)3)Mapid(7character)4)Fileid(8character)5)DB2entry(8character)6)Queueid(4character).

ForcingLoopingTask:InCEMTItaskoptionpanel,wehaveoptionHtype,wecanidentifyifthejobisgoinginloopornot.ICWAITorZCIOWAITjobisexecutedwaitingforuserinputandoutput.TSAUXJobisgoinginloop,wecanforclydeletethejobwithoptionF.

VSAM:VirtualstorageAccessMethod.

VSAMactsasinterfacebetweenOperatingSystemandApplicationProgram.ItactsasdatabaseforapplicationProgram.

EntrySequenceDataSets(ESDS)AnESDSisasequentialfile,inwhichrecordsareretrievedintheorderinwhichtheywerewrittentothedatasetandadditionsarealwaysmadeattheendofthefile.RecordcanbeidentifiedbyarelativebyteaddressorRBARecordsinanESDSmaybeofvariablelength.

RelativeRecordDataSets(RRDS)RRDSmaybeinserted,retrieved, updated, anddeletedbothsequentiallyandrandomly.RRDScanbeidentifiedbyRelativeRecordNumber.RRDShasonlydatacomponent.KeySequencedDataSets(KSDS)AKSDScanbeprocessedsequentiallyorrandomly.AKSDSconsistsoftwocomponents,adatacomponentandanindexcomponent.Thedatacomponentcontainstherecordandtheindexcomponentcontainstheindexesnecessarytoaccesstherecords.TheindexcomponentofaKSDShastwoparts:asequencesetandanindexset.VSAMClustersInVSAMterms,afileisoftencalledacluster.Aclusterisasetofcatalogentriesthatrepresentsafilecatalog.

Itconsistsoftwocomponents:


adatacomponent,whichrepresentstheactualrecordsofafile anindexcomponentwhichrepresentstheindexesforKSDSControlIntervalThefundamentalbuildingblockofeverycomponentofaVSAMdatasetistheControlInterval(CI).ItistheunitofdataVSAMtransfersbetweenvirtualanddiskstorage.ThesizeofaCImustbebetween512and32,768bytesCIcontainsRecords,Freespace,ControlIntervalDefinitionField(CIDF),RecordDefinitionfield(RDF)

RDFandCIDF RDF 3byteslong Indicateslengthofrecords

CIDF 4byteslong OneperCI IndicatesFreespace

ControlArea(CA) CIsaregroupedintoCA CanhavemorethanoneCAinaVSAMdataset SmallestisaTRACK,andthelargestisaCYLINDER

JOBCONTROLLANGUAGE

JobControlLanguage(JCL) isacontrollanguage usedtoidentifyajobtoanoperatingsystem andtodescribethejobsrequirements

ThethreemaintypesofJCLstatementsare: JOBItmarksthebeginningofajobandidentifiesthejobname EXECItmarksthebeginningofajobstepandspecifiesthenameoftheprogramtobe

executed DDItdescribesdatasetstobeusedwithinindividualsteps

SyntaxofJOBStatement:


Therearetwotypesofparameters: Positionalparameters Keywordparameters

Positionalparameters:Positionalparametersareparametersthatarecharacterizedbytheirlocation.

ThetwopositionalparametersforaJOBstatementare: Jobaccountinginformation:

UsedtobillonanyJobthatrunonmainframe IdentifiesaccountnowhichwillbebilledforCPUtime

Programmername: Identifiestheauthorsname

KeywordParameters:

Consistingofakeywordandequalsignandvariableinformation.


CLASSSomejobscanbeshortrunning,somejobsmaytakemoretimeother may use having resources. CLASS keyword parameter is used to tell to OSaboutthenatureofjobwearesubmitting.Syntax>CLASS=jobclass

PRTYItisrelatedtoCLASSparameter.Itassignsprioritytojobswhichbelongtothesameclass.Highernumbertakesprecedenceoverthejobwithlowernumber.Ajobwithpriorityof12willrunbeforeajobwithpriority5.

Syntax>PRTY=priority

MSGCLASS TheMSGCLASSparameter determines theoutput device to whichsystemmessages and JCL messages are written. (or) MSGCLASS specifies the jobschedulermessageoutputclass.Syntax>MSGCLASS=outputclassname

MSGLEVEL isusedtotellJCL,whichmessagestobeprintedinthedevicespecifiedinMSGCLASSparameter.

Syntax>MSGLEVEL=(statements,messages)

STATEMENT0Relatedtojobstatementsonlyprinted1jclwillbeprinted(whichincludesallcataloged/symbolicparameters)2onlytheinputjclstatementsbeingprinted

MESSAGES0Allocation/terminationmessageswillbeprintedIfjobterminatesabnormally1Allocation/terminationmessageswillbeprintedregardlessofwhetherthejobterminatesnormallyorabnormally.

TYPRUNTheTYPRUNparameterisusedtospecifywhetherjobistobehelduntilfurthernoticeorforsyntaxchecking.

Syntax>TYPRUN=HOLDJobhelduntilfurthernoticeTYPRUN=SCANCheckJclforsyntaxchecking


CHAPTER2:Abendcode:

S013:Membernotfound

S222Abend:Thejobwascancelledbecauseitviolatedsomerestriction.Nodumpwasrequested.

S322Abend:ThejobusedmoreCPUtimethanitshouldhave.Eithertheestimateiswrongortheprogramisinanuncontrollableloop.

S413Abend:Avolumewasneededthatcouldnotbemounted.

S422Abend:Toomanyjobsteps.

S522Abend:Jobwaswaitingtoolong.

S722Abend:Toomanylinesofprint.

SB37Abend:Insufficientsecondaryspace.

SD37Abend:Insufficientprimaryspace.

SE37Abend:Insufficientdiskspace.themaximumnumberofextentswouldbeexceeded.Forinstance,whenexceeding16extentsofaPDS.AnE37ontapedatasetsismostoftencausedwhenthenumberofrequestedvolumesisexceeded.Thedefaultis5,thereforearequestforthesixthvolumewillfailwithaE37.

mainframe brief discussion

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