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Mainstream Disaster Prevention and Reduction into Economic and Social Development Plan
Enhance National Comprehensive Capacity of Disaster Prevention and Reduction
Mr. Zhang LeiNational Disaster Reduction Center of China
18 Feb 2015, Bankok
China is one of the countries hit hardest by natural disasters in the world,with a wide variety of disasters, a wide area of distribution, highfrequency and heavy losses caused by disasters. Based on many years ofexperience and lessons, the Chinese government has tried to promotethe establishment of the comprehensive disaster prevention andreduction system, enhanced the capabilities of comprehensive naturaldisaster prevention and relief, and vigorously promoted the economic andsocial comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development.
Guided by the 12th Five-year Plan for the national economic and social
development, the Chinese government has drawn upon the relevant
concepts from Hyogo Framework of Action and the China National
Commission for Disaster Reduction (NCDR) has coordinated over 30
member units.
With the active participation of nearly 100 experts from the Expert
Committee of NCDR, the Committee has widely solicited opinions from all
walks and life and formulated the Comprehensive National Disaster
Prevention and Reduction Plan (2011-2015), which is issued and
implemented with the approval of the State Council.
This plan put forward the development goal, the fundamental
principle, major tasks and important measures of the
comprehensive disaster prevention and reduction work in China
from 2011 to 2015.
NCDR coordinated, made
best use of various
disaster prevention and
reduction resources and
promoted the
implementation of the
plan. Member units of
NCDR conscientiously
implemented
responsibilities of various
departments, and local
governments at all levels
formulated
comprehensive disaster
prevention and reduction
plans for the local areas
in accordance with the
reality, and gradually put
in place the work
objectives and tasks.
The National Development and Reform Commission has set up a special
investment fund in the central budget to support the construction of
major projects for disaster prevention and reduction.
The Ministry of Education has organized and implemented the
construction of safe buildings for schools.
The Ministry of Science and Technology has introduced the national
scientific plan for disaster prevention and reduction and deployed the
scientific researches, technological development and result
application for disaster prevention and reduction.
The Ministry of Finance has stepped up monetary input in disaster
prevention, reduction and relief and has cumulatively allocated over
460 billion RMB of fund for disaster prevention, reduction and relief
by the central government
……
I. To improve laws, regulations and systems of disaster
prevention and reduction
The government has formulated or revised some important
laws and regulations in the field of disaster prevention and
reduction, such as the Emergency Handling Law, the Law
on the Precautions against Earthquakes and Relief of
Disasters, the Flood Control Law, Regulations on Prevention
of and Preparedness for Meteorological Disasters, and
Regulations on Natural Disaster Rescue.
Ministry of Public Security, Ministry of Civil Affairs, Ministry of
Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Ministry of Water
Resources and other departments of the State Council
formulated and released a series of national standards or
industrial standards and normative documents in the field of
disaster prevention and reduction, and formed a complete
technical standard system of disaster prevention, reduction
and relief.
II. To prioritize the construction of projects for disaster
prevention and reduction
III. To strengthen the comprehensive natural disaster
prevention capabilities
IV. To improve the capabilities of natural disaster emergency
rescue, recovery and reconstruction
The State Council issued
Regulations on Natural
Disaster Rescue and the
National Emergency Plan for
Natural Disaster Rescue, set
up the management system
for disaster prevention,
reduction and relief featuring
the unified command,
comprehensive coordination,
level-to-level responsibility
and territorial management,
and established the disaster
relief emergency command
system at the central,
provincial, municipal and
county levels.
Rescue team, medical team and first-aid work team are dispatched to disaster-hit areas
at the first time of post-disaster, carry out emergent rescue and relief operations.
Spatial Pattern of National Disaster Relief Materials Warehouses
We strengthened the disaster relief emergency response support capabilities,
made use of the national strategic reserves, the national defense transportation
material reserves, the corporate reserves and the disaster relief material reserves
of the central and local governments at all levels to establish the disaster relief
emergency response support mechanism.
We have established natural disaster relief system, and improved the standard for
the natural disaster relief subsidies.
We have established the assessment indicators system of natural disaster loss.
Disaster-related ministries and experts are deeply involved in assessment on
disaster losses including rural - urban infrastructure, public facilities, dwelling
houses, industry and agriculture.
V. To coordinate the use of social forces and the
market mechanism
The government has identified the “Day for Disaster Prevention and Reduction”
and the central government and local governments carry out various publicity
and education activities annually. We make use of various media to carry out in-
depth popularization of science on the disaster prevention and reduction,
publicize knowledge on this in “rural areas, communities, companies and
schools”, and improve the awareness of the whole society on disaster
prevention and reduction and the technique of self and mutual medical aid.
Donation and charity activities for
disaster relief have become
further standardized and orderly
while disaster reduction and relief
volunteer teams have witnessed
rapid development.
We have explored the possibility of leveraging the role of the market
mechanism in disaster reduction and relief and kicked off the pilot projects for
disaster insurance that center upon policy-based agricultural insurance and
agricultural house insurance. Altogether 28 provinces have carried out pilot
projects for policy-based agricultural insurances. In 2013, the insurance has
covered 56.88 million households. Some provinces and municipalities have
initiated major disaster insurance pilot projects.
Death and missing cased by
3 major earthquake disaster
In order to achieve the set goal of disaster reduction, the Chinese government has
further strengthened the system building of disaster prevention and reduction,
given equal weight to project measures and non-project measures, coordinated
the adoption of government, market and financial means, constantly improved
the comprehensive capabilities for disaster prevention and reduction, and
minimized the losses and impact of disasters with significant results.
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Yushu Lushan Yutian
In the recent three years, the proportion of direct economic losses
caused by natural disasters in China in GDP has been controlled
within 1.5%, being 0.65% in 2011, 0.8% in 2012 and 1% in 2013, all
of which has reached the expected target of disaster reduction.
2013
2012
2011 0.65%
12-5 plan 1.50%
0.80%
1.00%
THANKS
www.jianzai.gov.cn