mainstreaming drr and cca across sectors and actors

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

Mohammad Abdul Qayyum (Additional Secretary) National Project Director, CDMP II Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief February, 2015

MAINSTREAMING DRR AND CCA ACROSS SECTORS AND ACTORS

Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief, Bangladesh

CAPACITY BUILDING

RISK ASSESSMENT

PREPAREDNESS

AGRICULTURAL ADAPTATION



DROUGHT - Affecting 8.3 million Ha of land.

FLASH FLOOD –Unpredictable, recurring, uncertain.

FLOOD - Inundates more areas, increases river erosion, breaches embankments, damage infrastructures.

CYCLONE - Remain to be the deadliest and most destructive hazard. It is recurring, with lingering aftermath, complex recovery.

First rank climate change vulnerable nations.

Fifth rank in the world risk index 2012

SALINITY INTRUSION - Spreading from 1.5 to 2.5 Mha (2007).

AND CLIMATE CHANGE HAZARDS, EARTHQUAKES, FIRE BREAKOUT, INFRASTRUCTURE COLLAPSE ETC.

Number of people exposed yearly

45 Million

20 Million

5 Million

Bangladesh incurred an average annual loss equal to 1.8% of GDP due to natural disasters in the past two decades (source: Sixth Five-Year Plan)

BANGLADESH CONTEXT



BANGLADESH CONTEXT

Bangladesh is among the most resilient least developing countries, and will continue to be exposed to disaster risks

The climate change exacerbates the disaster impacts The vulnerability remains high despite the community-based risk reduction

programmes

Issues Centralised development planning paradigm Standing Orders on Disaster (SOD), with clear roles and mandates DRR & CCA as new, peripheral, and crosscutting items

Solution To ensure that DRR & CCA are in agreement To ensure that sectors are receptive to DRR & CCA Deploy CDMP pilot projects to stimulate sectoral integration Use Top-down and bottom up approach



MAINSTREAMING: BD PERSPECTIVES

Mainstreaming is an integration of DRR into development for ensuring that development is protected from disasters ensuring that development does not increase vulnerability

Mainstreaming DRR&CCA – to the extent possible the two must be in convergence

Objectives • to Promote understanding of disaster-development linkages • to Reduce underlying risk factors and vulnerability • to Emphasize an all hazards and all sectors approach • to Achieve sustainable development



SECTORAL MAINSTREAMING APPROACH



STRATEGY

Expert inputs to the public policies

• Draft DM Act • Draft national DM Policies • Technical Guidelines

Incorporating DRR in Dev. Planning System

• At the planning commission • At the department planning • At the local planning cycles

Implementation with Line Ministries/Departments

Policy Coordination At the cabinet, committees and task Forces

CDMP Pilot Projects



MAINSTREAMING: BD PERSPECTIVES

Mainstreaming is an integration of DRR into development for ensuring that development is protected from disasters ensuring that development does not increase vulnerability

Mainstreaming DRR&CCA – to the extent possible the two must be in convergence

Objectives • to Promote understanding of disaster-development linkages • to Reduce underlying risk factors and vulnerability • to Emphasize an all hazards and all sectors approach • to Achieve sustainable development



SECTORAL MAINSTREAMING PARTNERS

1. DMB, DoRR and CPP 2. Ministry of Planning 3. NCTB, Ministry of Education 4. DPHE, Ministry of Local

Government, Rural Development & Cooperatives

5. DAE, Ministry of Agriculture 6. DoF and DLS, Ministry of Fisheries

and Livestock 7. DoE, Ministry of Environment and

Forests 8. FS&CD, Ministry of Home Affairs 9. BMD, Ministry of Defence,

10. Ministry of Land 11. DWA, Ministry of Women and

Children Affairs 12. DGHS, Ministry of Health and

Family Welfare 13. FFWC, Ministry of Water

Resources 14. GSB, Ministry of power Energy and

Mineral resources 15. Institutes and Universities

outlined in National Disaster Management Education Research and Training Networks



PILOT PROJECT FLOW Creation of enabling policy environment

and institutional capacity

Assessing sectoral risks and vulnerabilities and develop sectoral risk reduction plan

Undertaking sectoral action research to identify best practices

Building institutional capacity

Promoting best practice options through field demonstrations

Adoption of new risk-informed sectoral programme Changes in sectoral institution and procedures

Institutionalisation through sectoral policy and regulations

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SECTORAL MAINSTREAMING MODALITY

Ministries/departments as implementing partners Collaborative agreements through MOUs or LoA Be governed by Tec. Advisory Group, periodical coordination

meeting, regular review Purpose

o To develop basic capacities to initiate changes o To initiate sectoral policies and good practices o To promote catalytic/innovative pilot activities o To trigger downward effects to their local offices



PILOT PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

Assessment of current and potential risk

Identification of reduction, adaptation & mitigation activities

Support implementation of activities

Persuasion and advocacy to incorporate in dev. process

Deployment of Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund (LDRRF)



SAMPLES OF DRR SECTORAL MAINSTREAMING

Source: http://www.irinnews.org/report/99488/bangladesh-teaches-disaster-preparedness-to-reduce-risk



DRR & CC IN EDUCATION The CDMP Approach

Actions to the adoption of academic programs/educational process Follow an all hazards approach Consider academic program revision of all educational, research areas

Tertiary level

Elementary level

Grade 3-8

Secondary level

Grade 9-12

Curriculum Development (Text book) & Extra curricular activities, through National Curriculum and Text book Board and Ministry of Primary and Mass Education, Primary Training Institute, DPE

Curriculum Development (Text book) & Extra curricular activities, through National Curriculum and Text book board and Ministry of Education, Teachers Training colleges and National University, EED, Secondary and Higher Secondary Boards, Technical Education Department

• Revision and inclusion of DRR and CC in the existing curricula/courses • Introduction of Under-graduate and Masters on DM • E-learning Centre, Reference books and reading materials • Diploma, Certificate, Masters and PhD thesis on DM



DRR & CC IN AGRICULTURE The CDMP Approach

Strengthen Farmers’

Institution

Provision of Funding

Capacity Building

Strengthened technical capacity of DAE for effective assessment and management of climate change risks

Strengthen ICT centre at DAE HQs and the control room of DAE and linked

with its allied institutes

Strengthen Farmers/Climate Field Schools at grass roots level

Implementation of best practices on disaster and agriculture risk

through DAE projects and advocacy at national and local level on

disaster and climate risks in agriculture sector

Continue and expand best practices to cover diverse hazard and risk conditions

Adaptation Test/Trial of

Resilient Crop Varieties



DRR & CC IN WOMEN DEVELOPMENT The CDMP Approach

Capacity Building

Provision of Funding

Risk Reduction Action Plan Produced for the Department of Women

Development. For the medium term, the plan envisages a 5-year

programme (2013-2018) to build the capacity and resilience of the DWA

and its beneficiaries to meet the challenges posed by different disasters.

The programme is structured around four pillars viz, institutionalisation,

knowledge management and capacity building, increasing resilience,

advocacy and awareness building.

DRR is integrated in the programmes and activities of the Department of Women Development - It has prepared a “Gender Toolkit” for disaster issues to incorporate gender sensitivity in its policies, projects, programmes and documents. Some IEC materials i.e. posters and leaflets have been developed as well to raise awareness on the need for gender sensitivity in disaster response.

DRR integrated Programs



DRR & CC IN METEOROLOGY The CDMP Approach

Forecast Products Available

Location and time specific

forecasts

The dynamic BMD’s Website (www.bmd.gov.bd), redesigned and upgraded

under CDMP, provides people with all types of weather information along

with a weather bulletin and seven days weather forecast.

Weather information from the BMD can now be accessed from any cell

phone by dialling the number “10941”

The process of information sharing from the observatories has been entirely

digitized. As a result, weather information can be accessed anywhere in the

country and around the world from the BMD website. High speed

bandwidth is allowing information to be sent quickly to the media and the

ministry.

Previously, all data were collected and entered manually. Now, using the

climate database management system, data generated from the

observatories are archived automatically and can be easily accessed for any

year, date and area.

Database for Climate Data

Enhanced Staff Capacity



DRR & CC IN FIRE FIGHTING The CDMP Approach

Better Prepared

Urban Volunteers

The volunteers are capable of providing valuable assistance during fire

hazards, floods and other major disasters. The initiative to train women

volunteers is significant particularly because women do not traditionally

participate in disaster relief activities, which can be a problem especially when

providing assistance to female victims.

People from different walks of life show interest and are brought under the

training programme. The volunteers, although mostly high school students,

also include doctors, engineers and high level government officers. In some

cases, entire families step up to take part in the programme inspired or

influenced by some event.

They volunteers are taking on a leading role in community response to

disasters. They proved their value in the search and rescue operations during

the Rana Plaza collapsed in April, 2013. As many as 920 volunteers worked

shifts for 19 days. At the time of the collapse, 3,122 workers were estimated to

be inside the building risking their own lives to save others.

Equipped Fire Service

Workers

Enhanced Search and

Rescue Operation



DRR & CC IN ENVIRONMENT The CDMP Approach

Capacity Enhanced in Negotiation

The operation of Cell has indirectly caused incorporation of the climate change

issue in the amended National Environment Policy, 2013. The policy will help to

enforce integration of adaptation and mitigation issues into all development

projects to tackle the adverse impacts of climate change across the country.

Everyday researchers, practitioners, academia, NGO professionals and others

visit the Cell for information and knowledge documents.

In pursuit of climate change advocacy and diplomacy initiatives both at home

and abroad, two documentaries have been produced by the Cell. The

documentaries, one on the impacts of climate change and the other on

tracking climate-induced displaced people, serve as supportive doc. to prove

Bangladesh’s vulnerabilities to cc.

Data and information services are accessed by stakeholders and organisations

from the web-enabled database on climate change, which is the first of its kind

in the country developed by the Cell. The database facilitates research and

necessary and relevant policy and programme development.

Enhanced Project

Screening Capacity

Climate Data Base Updated



DRR & CC IN HEALTH & SANITATION The CDMP Approach

Enhanced Post earthquake

Health Service

National Health Crisis Management and Archive Centre for disaster records and

early warning is now operational. Through this centre, the DGHS maintains,

collects and analyses data from all sources such as local health authorities, the

BMD, and different government and non-government sources. The DGHS also

updates its Emergency Management Databank using information from that centre.

Two disaster related guidelines have been developed – a health related

comprehensive post-earthquake action plan/guideline for urban cities (developed

in accordance with the National Strategy on Disaster Management), which

provides an action plan on response and short-term recovery operations related

to earthquakes. A non-structural vulnerability assessment and guideline has also

been developed for hospitals at central, district and upazila levels.

Rainwater harvesting units installed at household and community levels are

benefiting the people of those areas where deep tube wells cannot be installed

due to lowering of the water table. The rainwater harvesting units ensure safe

drinking water for the community round the year.

National Health Crisis Management

Upazila/ Local

Health-Sanitation Facilities



DM TRAINING AND EDUCATION The Achievements

Identified 41 institutions as potential partners

MOUs with 16 universities and 8 training institutes

E-learning Centres with 10 institutions

DRR and CCA reference materials to 24 institutions • Various DRR and CCA programme offerings and events:

• 4-years Bachelor degree on DM by 2 public universities PSTU and BRUR) • 1-year Masters degree programme by 2 dept. of Dhaka University, 1 private

university (BRAC University) • Disaster and Human Security Management’ Master degree programme in

2012 by Bangladesh University of Professional (BUP)

156 Farmers’/Climate Field School Established in 52 Upazilas/26 Districts

ICT Center at DAE Head Quarters Operation and share climate forecast information, data across district and upazilas

More than 1000 farmers and 300 officers have been oriented with DRR & CCA



MAINSTREAMING DRR&CCA Overall Achievements

Achieved strong commitments – Comprehensive Disaster Management is considered as one of the 6 pillars of the BCCSAP, SFYP

DRR&CCA issues considered/being incorporated in the sectoral policies and guidelines (Health, Education, Women, Environment, Agriculture……………….)

DRR&CCA sensitive DPP Format

Integrated urban planning – Mymensingh Detailed Area Plan

Mainstreaming DRR&CCA in local level planning through introduction of CRA and RRAP



LESSONS LEARNED

DRR&CCA an emerging concept

Mainstreaming DRR&CCA – requires conceptual clarity

Inadequate knowledge and information on the differential impacts of disasters and climate change

Institutionalizing DRR & CCA concept within the business plan of action of all actors and sectors requires substantive push and the policy directions from the top as well as building horizontal linkages among different players.

Constant persuasion is required to keep them on board.



CDMP IN BRIEF

CDMP is a collaborative initiative of the GoB and Development Partners

CDMP is the strategic arm of DMRD,MoFDM to achieve the GoB Vision and Mission on Disaster Management

CDMP follows and first introduced the all hazard, all risk, all sectors and all stakeholder approach in disaster management

CDMP was formulated in 2000 and launched in 2004 – long before the World Conference on Disaster Reduction held in January 2005 at Kobe, Japan

CDMP I (2004-2009), CDMP II (2010-14)

CDMP is a platform for different actors for bridging the gaps

CDMP is a window of opportunities for Development Partners to support and contribute in achieving the GOB vision on DM



OUTCOME AREAS

Professionalising DM System

Rural Risk Reduction

Urban Risk Reduction

Preparedness and Response

Mainstreaming DRR and CCA

Community level Climate Change

Adaptation

MODMR

DDM

PARTNER DEPTS / MINS

DMCs

LOC. ADMINS

MSU UNDP

UNIVERSITIES

TRG INSTS.

NGOS

CIVIL SOCIETY

PRIVATE SECTORS

DELIVERY MECHANISMS



Thank You All

For more information contact:


United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Disaster Management & Relief Bhaban (6th Floor)

92-93 Mohakhali C/A, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh, Tel: (+88 02) 989 0937, 882 1255 Website: www.cdmp.org.bd Ph

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mainstreaming drr and cca across sectors and actors

Documents

disaster sod

understanding of disaster

development planning

integration of drr

mandates drr cca

development linkages

department planning

planning commission