majalah integritas november 2013

7/22/2019 Majalah Integritas November 2013

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/majalah-integritas-november-2013 1/98



8IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

MBVHN SBNH\IGH] ; Srod MQ Sriyhtnh Hamurrhsyim, \G, Sg.M, DLAHra Srod MQ KB. \hgbthpy, \G, JH Srod MQ Bjhn \uphrjhn Srod MQ Qojì Htjhshsjith, \G. @@J Srod MQ \ughrmijhn, \B Srod MQ J Mhum \i`h`hgi, \G, JG

Srod MQ Hmnhn Auyunf Nhsution, \G Srod MQ M. Egujhrfh \G, JG Srod MQ Lghnmrh Vikhyh, J\i, JJ Srod MQ Jhrmkono Qbesomiputro, \G, JH Srod Ghreristuti Ghrerisnowo, \G, JH, SgM Srod MQ Aojbr Shshriau Srod MQ Koni Bjirson, \G, JG

MBVHN SBNFHQHG ; G. Obtoyo Rsjhn, \G MQ Drhns Gbnmrh Vinhrth, \G, JG MQ GJ.Khdhr \imie, \G, JG, J.En, Hra Kumgi \unhrmi, JAH Yoghnbs Yhgyh Jughjjhm J. Ahnhpon, \Sm, J\i

SBJIJSIN SBQR\HGHHN ; MQ Kijjy Aumi Ghriyhnto, \G, JG, JAH, MAH

VHEI@ SBJIJSIN SBQR\HGHHN ; \whri Hrizonh, \G

SBJIJSIN QBMHE\I ; Gbnmrie Hryhnto, \G

\BEQB]HQI\ QBMHE\I ; Oethvihnus HJ\, \G, JG

QBMHE]RQ SB@HE\HNH ; Hnmrbhs \L Guthfhùnf, \]

QBMHE]RQ ; Tiltor Qhquh`, \B

Qoy K\, \.\i Kuson Jhùmmin [hinh` \imhauthr \unffu` ]ujhnffbr @h Omb Hamu`, \G, \B

QBMHE]RQ \BNIOQ ; Rsjhn Fujhnti

EBRHNFHN ; Jufi Ghstuti, \G, JEn

HMJINI]QH\I & IE@HN ; Qbstbty Nurlhgyh, \G.

\BEQB]HQIH] ; Tbrhwhty Novith

SBNBQAI] ; S]. Jbmih Eojuniths Srijh

AHNE ; Ahne Vinmu Ebntkhnh Intbrnhsionh` ]ae. Lhahnf Liainonf. Hl. 8338<=<877 hn. S]. Jbmih Eojuniths Srijh

H@HJH] QBMHE\I ;EOJS@BE QREO QHMBN IN]BN NO.7H @].1

K`. Qhmin Intbn II, Murbn \hwit Khehrth ]ijur

]b`p ; 318-744 8=83< Dhx ; 318- 744 31<84

GS. 3767 624 679 82

Bjhi` ; jbmih.intbfrithsCfjhi .loj

rbmhesiC jbmihintbfriths.loj

www.jbmihintbfriths.loj

\RHQH QBMHE\I IN]BFQI]H

Gheij yhnf aish miabì rupihg

Jhkh`hg bmisi eb-37 mi au`hn Novbjabr ini jbnfhnfeht ‐Sbrsoh`hn Gheij‚sbtb`hg Mr Hei` Jolgthr sb`heu Ebtuh Jhgehjhg Eonstitusi (JE)tbrthnfehp thnfhn jbnbrijh sbkuj`hg uhnf mhri phrh pighe yhnf abrpbrehrhmi JE mh`hj sbnfebth pbjiùehmh, sunffug ironi jbjhnf thpi itu hmh`hgdheth yhnf eith ghrus tbrijh mijhnh gheij hmh`hg prodbsi juìh ahgehnmhpht miehthehn whei` ]ughn mi munih.

Gheij hmh`hg prodbsi hfunf mijhnh untue jbnkhmi gheij timhe`hg jumhg,hehn tbthpi mbnfhn whkhg gueuj mi Inmonbsih sbpbrti ini, jhsigehghmh ebahnffhhn phrh shrkhnh gueuj mi Inmonbsih jhu turun `hnfsunf

jbjabnhgi timhe ghnyh khnki.

Rntue jbnfbthgu `baig mh`hj Intbfriths tb`hg jbwhwhnlhrhi, SrodJhgdum JM jhthn ebtuh jhgehjhg eontitusi, Mr Ijhj \obablgi EbtuhIehgi, Srod. Giejhghnto “ RI, Mr Drhns Gbnmrh Vinhrth “ Ebtuj MSSSbrhmin, Bvh \unmhri “ Hnffoth MSQ-QI Eojisi < mhn ahnyhe `hin untuejbjabriehn phnmhnfhn mhn jbjabriehn jhsuehn yhnf eontruetid mh`hjjbjahnfun gueuj mi inmonbsih.

Rntue ruarie Otonoji Mhbrhg Intbfriths jbnhjpièhn sosoe toeogdbnojbnh` Ir Koeo Vimomo sb`heu fuabrnur MEI yhnf shht ini timhe pbmuìsurvbi lhprbs yhnf sb`hù kuhrh ` miahnminfehn mbnfhn phrh lhprbs yhnf tb`hgjbjproe`hjirehn miri sbahfhi lhprbs yhnf jbwheiì phrthinyh hthu mbnfhnehth `hin jbnkhmi prbsimbn phrthi.

Shmh ruarie Srodbsor, eith jbnfhnfeht jhnthn Ebtuh Eojisi Yumisih` SrodMr. Bjhn \uphrjhn jbnkhmiehn `bjahfh eojisi yumisih` sbahfhi `bjahfhgueuj yhnf shnfht misbfhni.

\bahfhi jhkh`hg ahlhhnnyh phrh pijpinhn tbntunyh jhsig ahnyhe`hfi nhrhsujabr yhnf shnfht jbnhrie untue eith ieuti pbrkuhnfhn mhnphnmhnfhnnyh sbpbrti MQ Ijhj \obablgi (Gheij Hfunf / Ebtuh RjujIehgi) Mr Ybnti Fhrnhsig (Shehr Jonby @hunmry), Miyhg Sithòeh hìhs siOnbnf (MSQ QI) mhn jhsig ahnyhe `hfi.

Ehji tbntunyh abrghrhp shrhn mhn eritiehn mhri pbjahlh sbtih ehji. Hfhrsbjhein `baig ahie mhri whetu eb whetu.

]brijhehsig

\b`hjht Jbjahlh



1 IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

\RQH] SBJAHLH

Qbmhesi jbnbrijh shrhn, opini, hthu

ebùghn mhri pbjahlh. Eirij eb bjhi` ;

jbmih.intbfrithsCfjhi`.loj

Brh Qbdorjhsi timhe `baigmhri Bdorih Ab`heh

82 thgun sumhg `hjhnyh brh

rbdorjhsi abr`hù. ]untuthn hehn

suprbjhsi gueuj mhn rbdorjhsi

airoerhsi sbpbrtinyh abòj

jbnmhphtehn suhtu tbjpht auht

hfbnmh pbjbrinthg untue misbriusi.

Jiris jbìght, jbnkb`hnf

abrhegirnyh pbriombishsi

pbjbrinthghn \AY, sbpbrti ghnyh

misiaueehn mbnfhn urushn phrthi mhn

phrthi.

Gueuj jbnkhmi phnfìjh jhsig

abùj sbpbnugnyh mikh`hnehn, timhe

hmh suhtu pbrinthg tbfhs untue

jbjbrinthgehn khkhrhnnyh mh`hj

jbjabrhnths eorupsi. Qbdorjhsi

airoerhsi abùj abrkh`hn sbpbnugnyh

mi sbtihp insthnsi pbjbrinthg.

Jbnkb`hnf pbjiù 138=, phrthipoìtie yhnf sbghrusnyh jbnkhmi

rujhg hspirhsi jhsyhrheht sbo`hg-

o`hg ghnyh khrfon sbjhth untue

jbnhrie sijphti mhri jhsyhrheht.

Vhetu yhnf tbrsish auehn miphehi

untue jbrb`bhìshsiehn khnki mhn

ghrhphn yhnf jhsig abùj tbrlhphi.

Brh Qbdorjhsi ghnyh jbruphehn

suhtu bdorih ab`heh yhnf jbùhp

ehrbnh `bphs ebmiethtorhnpbjbrinthg \obghrto, abùj

pbjumh khjhn sbehrhnf.

Sbjumh sbehrhnf sbpbrtinyh timhe

jhu abrtbrijhehsig mhn timhe

jhu jbjhndhhtehn pbnforahnhn

phrh pbjumh phmh shht pbrkuhnfhn

ebjbrmbehhn.

Muù, pbjumh/i Inmonbsih jhti mi

jbmhn pbrhnf, sbehrhnf pbjumh

Inmonbsih jhti mi jbmhn thwurhn.

Eorahn ahnyhe abrkhtughn ehrbnhghrus jbjpbrthghn suhtu mhbrhg

mhri pbnkhkhghn, sbehrhnf ahnyhe

eorahn yhnf abrkhtughn ehrbnh jirhs

opòshn mhn nhreoah.

Eh`hu`hg phrh pbjumh Inmonbsih

muù jbnfbthgui hthu jbìght

pbri`heu pbjumh sbehrhnf ini

junfein jbrbeh hehn jbnhnfis

mhrhg, ehrbnh hph yhnf jbrbeh

pbrkuhnfehn muù shnfht khug mhrisbauhg pbnlhphihn lith untue

jbnkhmi nbfhrh yhnf jbrmbeh,

abrmhu`ht, sbkhgtbrh, hmi` mhn

jhejur.

Koghnbs Hfus, Virhswhsth

Mbnphshr

jbnybntug suasthnsi mhri hph yhnf

mipbrkuhnfhn phmh shht hwh`-hwh`

rbdorjhsi abrfuìr.

Junir, hmvoeht

\urhahyh,

Sbjumh yhnf timhe thgu

abrtbrijhehsig mhn timhethgu jbjhndhhtehnebjbrmhehhn

\obehrno abrehth, abri heu sbpuùg

pbjumh, jheh hehn eufunlhnf

munih. Aojahstis iyh, thpi phìnf

timhe hph yhnf miehthehn \obehrno

jbnffhjahrehn kiwh mhn sbjhnfht

ebpbjumhhn itu jbjhnf ùhr aihsh.

]hnffh` 17 Oetoabr hù jbruphehnghri sujphg pbjumh yhnf rutin

mipbrinfhti sbtihp thgunnyh. \bo`hg-

o`hg pbrinfhthn itu ghnyh sbahfhi

suhtu sbrbjonih` untue jbnfbnhnf

pbrhnhn pbjumh jhsh pbrkuhnfhn

pbrbauthn ebjbrmbehhn QI.

Disie, tbnhfh, pieirhn mhn sbjhnfht

pbjumh mipbrfunhehn untue

jbjpbrkuhnfhn ebjbrmbehhn QI.

Ebhmhhn yhnf shnfht abrahnminf

tbrahìe ebtieh eith jbìght pbri`heu

Sbrjogonhn Jhhd

\bguaunfhn mbnfhn hmhnyh ebsh`hghn mhri rbmhesi mh`hj nhrhsi hths

ruariehsi Ahneinf, Mr Mihn Bmihnh Qhb, tb`hg ehji eorbesi sbahfhijhnh

jbsnyh mi bmisi onìnb, au`hn Oetoabr.

Mbjieihn ehji shjphiehn.

Qbmhesi



= IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

41SO@I]I\I

Qibeb Mihg Sithòeh, Hnffoth Eojisi IW MSQ QI ;

]hnffhpi ]untuthn Aurug \oh` Ebnhiehn Rphg

‚Sbjbrinthg Khnfhn Khmi F`hmihtor Rphg‚

46BE\BER]ID

\uìstyo Vijao Ghrmkito, Mirbetur Eojbrsih` S] EHI ;

]brnyhth, Jbnhieehn Fhki Ehryhwhn

Jh`hg Jbjauht EHI Jbrhig @hah

61SQODB\OQ

Srod. Mr. Bjhn \uphrjhn, \G. JG.

Ebtuh Aimhnf Sbnfhwhshn Gheij mhn Invbstifhsi Eojisi Yumisih` ;

Sbrkh`hnhn Ehribr \hnf Furu Abshr

\OQO]HN 16

▣ Mhdthr Sbjiìg ]bthp Abùj Jhnthp

▣ Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Sbjiù Hegirnyh Mifufht

Kufh ...

AHNEINF 28

Ir Qhghrko Hmisushnto, JJ, Mirbetur Rthjh

S] \hrhnh Ju`tifriyh Dinhsih` (Sbrsbro) ;

Ebghmirhn S] \hrhnh Ju`tifriyh Dinhnsih`

(Sbrsbro) Jbjhnf Miautugehn Jhsyhrheht

Inmonbsih

TI\IONBQ 22

\btih Rntunf Hriju`hmi, Ebph`h SushtSbnbrhnfhn mhn Gueuj (Ehpuspbneuj)

Ebkheshhn Hfunf ; Intbfriths Miri, Eojitjbn

untue Ebkheshhn yhnf @baig Ahie @hfi

ANN 63

BTBN] 64

Sbrinfhthn Ghri \ujphg Sbjumh Eb-72

EON\R@]H\I AHNI 67

SBNBFHE GRERJ 73

EON\R@]H\I GRERJ 7<

\BSHE ]BQKHNF 7=

Mr. Ijhj \obablgi, Ebtuh Rjuj MSS Iehthn

Gheij Inmonbsih (IEHGI) ; Iehgi \ihp Abrpbrhn

mh`hj Sb`heshnhhn Sbrhmi`hn Jombrn

EHJSR\ 76

Srod Mr Ir Ghrkhnto Srhaowo JJ, Qbetor

Rnivbrsiths Ainh Nushnthrh ; ‚Ijpihn \hyh,

Ehjpus Abreuhìths, Aihyh Euìhgnyh

]brkhnfehu‚

\BNYRJ \BKBNHE 93

\B@H 91




@HSOQHN R]HJH

H mh yhnf jbnferitie Kij`y.Jish`nyh, sborhnf phehrgueuj pimhnh jbni`hirbhesi Kij`y abr`baighn.

Ehthnyh, orhnf sbeb`hs Kij`y timhe

phnths jbnfbùhrehn pbrnyhthhnsbpbrti itu. Jbnfhph? \baha, gueujhnjhti timhe mhpht miebnhehn tbrghmhppb`heu suhp. Ehth shnf phehr gueujpimhnh, sbahienyh Kij`y hthu sihphpun yhnf jbnfheu phehr gueuj, khnfhn jbnfbùhrehn pbrnyhthhnmh`hj ebhmhhn jhrhg. ‚@baig ahiemihj.‚

Ehsus \uhp Hei` Jolgthr (\hnf Soìtisi)

Nurhni Sbnkhfh Eonstitusi Jhti,Sbnyb`hjhthn JE Mipbrsohèhn

Jhgehjhg Eonstitusi hìhs JE hmh`hg pbnkhfh

eonstitusi Inmonbsih. Sutushnnyh abrsidht nh` mhn

jbnfieht. Jheh, ebtieh Hei` Jolgthr tbrthnfehp

thnfhn jbnbrijh suhp tbrehit sbnfebth pbjiìghn

ebph`h mhbrhg yhnf mithnfhni JE, Srod Mr Kij`y

Hssgimmiqib pun abrhnf. Ebtuh pbrthjh JE ini

abrbhesi ebrhs, ‚Gueuj jhti shkh.‚ Hehn tbthpi,

pbnyb`hjhthn JE yhnf mi`heuehn Srbsimbn

mipbrsohèhn.




@HSOQHN R]HJH

Hehn tbthpi, `baig ahnyhe yhnfabrmiri mi ab`hehnf Kij`y Hssgimmiqib.Ebjhrhghn orhnf sumhg timhetbrabnmunf `hfi. \ujphg sbrhphgpun abrtbahrhn, tbrjhsue mi kbkhrinfjbmih sosih`.

Yhnf kb`hs, mithnfehp thnfhnnyhEbtuh JE Hei` Jolgthr jbjauhtSrbsimbn \obsiò Ahjahnf Yumgoyonojbnfbùhrehn Sbrhturhn SbnffhntiRnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor 8 tbnthnfJhgehjhg Eonstitusi (Sbrpu JE).Abfitu pbrpu tbrsbaut ebùhr, ebùhrpu`h abrahfhi eojbnthr. Ebahnyhehn,timhe sbtuku.

Igwh` Fbntinf \htu mi hnthrh yhnf timhe sbtukuitu hmh`hg Srod Giejhghnto Kuwhnh,\G, @@J, Sg.M. Furu abshr I`juGueuj Rnivbrsiths Inmonbsih yhnf kufh jbnkhaht hnffoth MbwhnEomb Btie JE ini jbjpbrsohèhnigwh` pbnfbrtihn ‗fbntinf’. Ehthnyh,pbnbraithn pbrpu itu jb`hgirehnahnyhe pbnhdsirhn ahru tbnthnf hphyhnf mijhesum mbnfhn ‗fbntinf’.

‚Gh` ini jbjhnf jbnkhmiprbsbmbn, khmi ghrus eith siehpi mbnfhnlbrjht,‚ ehthnyh mh`hj whwhnlhrhjb`hùi tb`bpon mbnfhn Jhkh`hgIN]BFQI]H\ .

Jbnurut mih, situhsi ini jbjauhtmih abrthnyh, eh`hu jbjhnf SbrpuJE miebùhrehn mbnfhn h`hshn igwh`fbntinf, hphehg sumhg hmh khjinhnpbrpu itu hehn jbnyb`hjhtehnJE? Hthu, hphehg shtu orhnf yhnftbrthnfehp eorupsi mi suhtu `bjahfhnbfhrh, jbnfghrusehn Srbsimbnjbnfbùhrehn pbrpu?

‚Hphehg pbrpu itu miebùhrehnjbnfinfht sb`hjh ini sumhg ahnyhepijpinhn `bjahfh nbfhrh jbrhshfbrhg hths ebabrhmhhn mhri JEehrbnh ahnyhe unmhnf-unmhnfyhnf miahthèhn? Fbrhg ehrbnh JEjbruphehn pbnbntu ghsi` hegir mhri

pbjiùehmh, ahgehn pi`prbs?‚ mihjbnhjahgehn.

Nhjun, mih sbfbrh jb`hnkutehnahgwh gh` itu jbruphehneblurifhhnnyh shkh mhn junfeineblurifhhn yhnf timhe jbjiìei mhshr.‚Intinyh, jbìght pbrebjahnfhn yhnfhmh, shyh abùj jbìght ebbdbetidhnmhri pbrpu tbrsbaut.‚

Giejhghnto jbnfinfhtehn,mi Inmonbsih pbnfhjai` ebaikhehnghrus ahnyhe ab`hkhr hfhr phnmhijbnfimbntiehsi jhsh`hg yhnf tbrkhmimhn jbjabriehn soùsi yhnf tbrahie.Shmh 1334 JE pbrnhg jbjahthèhnebwbnhnfhn EY mh`hj jb`heuehnpbnfhwhshn tbrghmhp gheij JE.

EY phmh shht itu jbjhnf jbnfhluebphmh hjhnmbjbn Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Mhshr 89=2, yheni suphyhtbrlipthnyh lgble hnm ah`hnlbs.Mhn jbjhnf, EY jbjahthèhnebwbnhnfhn pbnfhwhshn tbrghmhpgheij JE ehrbnh JE jbni`hi tbrkhmipbnfhnfehnfhn tbrghmhp lgble hnmah`hnlbs . Nhg, mh`hj pbrsoh`hn itushyh pieir ebputushn JE jbjhnfsumhg tbpht.

‚Jbnurut shyh, sistbj lgble hnmah`hnlbs abr`heu ebtieh mi`heuehnpbnfhwhshn hnthr`bjahfh.Lontognyh, mi Inmonbsih `bjahfhyhnf mi ahwhg wbwbnhnf prbsimbnjbjhnf mihwhsi MSQ. ]hpi jhri eithabrthnyh, sihph yhnf jbnfhwhsi MSQshjphi shht ini? ]imhe hmh.‚

]he khug abmh pu`h mbnfhnebwbnhnfhn Jhgehjhg Hfunf, kufh the hmh yhnf jbnfhwhsi jbrbeh.

Jbrbeh aish mihwhsi thpi auehnjb`hùi `bjahfh nbfhrh, jb`hinehno`bg jbmih mhn `bjahfh swhmhyhjhsyhrheht.

Jbnfbnhi jhsh`hg Hei` Jolgthr,mih abrpbnmhpht, pbrsoh`hn iniauehn jbnyhnfeut pbnfhwhshn hths`bjahfh, jb`hinehn pbnfhwhshntbrghmhp orhnf yhnf jbnmumuei khahthn gheij. Jbnurut shyh,

Srbsimbn eurhnf heurht mh`hjjbìght pbnfhwhshn. Sbnfhwhshntbrghmhp inmivimu yhnf jbnmumuei khahthn gheij mitijphehn jbnkhmipbnfhwhshn tbrghmhp JE.

‚Rntue orhnf yhnf jbnmumuei khahthn gheij jbjhnf ghrus hmhpbnfhwhshnnnyh. Ini auehn gh` yhnfhnbg. Soìsi jbjpunyhi sistbj intbrnhùntue jbnfhwhsi phrh hnffotnyh,sbpbrti Srophj hthu Mbwhn BtieEbpoìsihn. @hù pbnfhlhrh jbjiìeijbehnisjb pbnfhwhshn yhnfmi`heuehn o`bg Mbwhn Ebgorjhthn.Mbjieihn pu`h nothris, hmhjbehnisjb pbnfhwhshnnyh, yhituJhkbìs Sbnfhwhs Nothris. Kufh khesh,

pbfhwhi nbfbri sipi`, moetbr, mhnsbtbrusnyh,‚ phphrnyh.

Mih jbnkb`hsehn, ebwbnhnfhnJE untue jbnyb`bshiehn sbnfebthpbjiùehmh timhe mimhshrehn ebphmhRRM 89=2 thpi mimhshrehn phmhunmhnf-unmhnf. Ebwbnhnfhnmiabriehn ebtieh itu ehrbnh pbnfukihntbrghmhp unmhnf-unmhnf mi JEjhsig sbmieit, sbjbnthrh pbnyb`bshihnpbjiùehmh mi pbnfhmi`hn tinffiahnyhe jbnijauèhn pbrjhsh`hghn,sbpbrti mufhhn suhp ginffh eonfiiegorizonth` mi mhbrhg. Jheh, shht itupbnfhjai` ebaikhehn jbnfhjai`putushn untue jbìjphgehnebwbnhnfhn mhri JH (yhnf mikh`hnehno`bg pbnfhmi`hn tinffi) eb JE.

Ghrus miheui ahgwh unmhnf-unmhnf jbjhnf jbruphehn promuepoìtie. Eith timhe mhpht abrprbtbnsiahgwh unmhnf-unmhnf hmh`hg sbsuhtuyhnf nbtrh`. \blhrh betrij mhpht

miehthehn whrnh unmhnf-unmhnfhehn abrfhntunf phmh sihph yhnfshht itu jbnfuhshi phr`bjbn. Ai`hmieuhshi o`bg Shrthi Mbjoerht jhehunmhnf-unmhnf hehn abrwhrnh airu.Ai`h mieuhshi o`bg SMIS hthu Foèhrhehn abrwhrnh jbrhg hthu euninf.Ini tbrkhmi ehrbnh suhrh jhyorithshehn jbjbnhnfehn p`htdorj poìtiesihph yhnf ghrus misuhrhehn.




\uhtu unmhnf-unmhnf miahthèhnhthu timhe auehn ehrbnh piìghnebaikhehn, jb`hinehn ghrus abnhr-abnhr jbìght hphehg ghe-ghe mhshrmhri jhsyhrheht hmh yhnf mi`hnffhrhthu timhe mbnfhn unmhnf-unmhnftbrsbaut.

‚\hyh abrpieir mbjieihn ehrbnhshyh jbnbjphtehn RRM sbahfhieontrhe sosih` hnthrh rheyht mhn

pbnfuhsh. Sbnfuhsh aish mh`hjabntue MSQ mhn prbsimbn yhnf mhphtjbnfbùhrehn unmhnf-unmhnf,‚thjahgnyh.

Aish shkh MSQ mhn prbsimbnjbjauht hturhn mh`hj unmhnf-unmhnf yhnf sbabnhrnyh abrtbnthnfhnmbnfhn eontrhe sosih` hnthrh rheyhtmhn pbnfuhsh sbahfhijhnh tbrtuhnfmh`hj RRM. Mi sini`hg tufhs mhnpbrhn JE, yheni jbjhstiehn hfhr

ghe-ghe mhshr rheyht timhe hmh yhnfmi`hnffhr o`bg prbsimbn mhn MSQebtieh jb`hgirehn unmhnf-unmhnf.Mh`hj eontbes mbjieihn jheh timhesbjuh phsh` mh`hj unmhnf-unmhnfyhnf mishjphiehn ebphmh JE mhphtmi`heuehn uki jhtbri. JE timhesbghrusnyh jbnkhmi `bjahfh `bfis`htidsbtb`hg MSQ mhn prbsimbn!

Ebtuh JE tbrpiìg jb`hùi t

hnm propbr tbst , `bwht MSQ. Nhjunhph mhyh ebtieh ahru ababrhph au`hnjbnkh`hnehn dunfsinyh sbahfhiEbtuh JE, Hei` Jolgthr tbrthnfehpahshg o`bg ESE mh`hj ehsus suhppbjiùehmh.

Dit hnm propbr tbst junlu` mi jhshpbjbrinthghn \obghrto. Sbnunkuehnpbkhaht mi`heuehn sblhrh suakbetid o`bgSrbsimbn. Mh`hj prosbs tbrsbaut timhe

hmh pbìahthn jhsyhrheht. Sbìahthnini`hg yhnf ebjumihn miheojomhsijb`hùi MSQ. Imb yhnf juìh.

‚\hyhnfnyh, mi `hphnfhn tbrkhmipbnyijphnfhn ehrbnh hnffoth Mbwhnautug abrahfhi aihyh. Mi sini`hgebjumihn hmh ebshn ebwbnhnfhnmieojbrsihèhn hiahtnyh jbrbeh yhnftbrpiìg jbnkhmi pbkhaht auehn`hnjbrbeh yhnf jbjiìei eojpbtbnsi,jb`hinehn jbrbeh yhnf jhjpu

abrtrhnshesi,‚ ukhr Giejhghnto.

\b`besi @bjhg

Bvh \unmhri, hnffoth MSQ EojisiIII mhri Drhesi SMI Sbrkuhnfhn,jbnfhthehn,tbrthnfehpnyh Hei`jbnhjphr whkhg pbnbfhehn gueujeith.

‚\hyh pieir, ebtieh einbrkhpbnbfhehn gueuj ghnyh abrkh`hn mitbjpht, jheh sumhg aish shyh prbmiesijbnfghjaht mbjoerhsi yhnf sbmhnfabrkh`hn mhn the aish jhsue phmhgh` yhnf suathnsih`,‚ ehthnyh ebphmh

Jhkh`hg IN]BFQI]H\ mi Khehrth.

Jbnurut mih, sb`hjh ini intbfrithsphrh pbnbfhe gueuj jbruphehnpbnybaha mhn gh` ini mieonrjhsio`bg stumi pbrsbpsi soh` intbfriths,ahgwh `bjahfh pbnbfhe gueujjbnbjphti posisi tbrbnmhg (abrshjhMSQ).

‚Jbjhnf ironis, ebtieh ahnyhepbkhaht `bjahfh pbnbfhe gueujabrehjphnyb hntieorupsi, sbaha

eorupsi itu sujabr ebjiseinhn,nyhthnyh jbrbeh sbnmiri eorup.Jirisnyh, prhetie pbjabrhnthshneorupsi pun hfhe suìt mi`heuehnehrbnh aumhyh eorupsi sumhg shnfhtjbnfhehr shjphi eb guù. Jhsiginfht ebtieh Ahmhn SbjbrieshEbuhnfhn jbnfbùhrehn pbrnyhthhnahgwh prhetie eorupsi yhnf jhrhetbrkhmi miairoerhsi pbjbrinthghnehrbnh eontro` mh`hj intbrnh` shnfht`bjhg, hrtinyh jbjhnf misbnfhkh?‚ulhp Bvh.

@hnths, ahfhijhnh phnmhnfhnnyhsoh` sistbj rberutjbn lhòn gheij miInmonbsih, Bvh abrpbnmhpht, prosbspbrberuthn gheij itu jbjhnf tbr`bthephmh phrh pijpinhnnyh. ‚Kieh prosbspbrberuthn itu mikh`hnehn mbnfhnahie mhn trhnsphrhn, shyh yheinjbnfghsièhn gheij yhnf ahie pu`h.Eh`hupun hmh sborhnf lhòn gheijyhnf ebjhjpuhn hehmbjisinyh

sbmhnf-sbmhnf shkh, tbthpi sbtb`hgmimimie mh`hj aumhyh pbnmimiehngheij mhn eu`tur yhnf ahie, shyhyhein mih hehn jbnkhmi gheij yhnfahie. \bahìenyh, eh`hu hmh sborhnflhòn gheij yhnf phnmhi thpi mihjhsue mh`hj pbnmimiehn gheij mhneu`tur yhnf the ahie, jheh miphstiehnmih hehn jbnkhmi gheij yhnf khght.‚




Abfitu kufh sistbj mi Jhgehjhg Hfunf (JH), eh`hu tbrkhmi eorupsi,eoùsi, mhn nbpotisjb hìhs EEN hehnjbjbnfhrugi rberutjbn sbginffhabrmhjphe the hmhnyh ebhmi`hn.

]brthnfehpnyh Hei` auehn ehrbnhMSQ jbòòsehn Hei` `bwht t hnm propbr tbst mi MSQ. \b`hjh ini MSQahnyhe jbnmhpht eblhjhn mhneritiehn ahgwh MSQ timhe jbjiìglhòn pbjijpin `bjahfh nbfhrhsblhrh prodbsionh`, oribnthsinyh ghnyhphmh òai-òai poìtie trhnshesionh`shkh.

]he Jhu Rrusi Sbrpu JE

Jbnfbnhi Sbrhturhn SbnffhntiRnmhnf-Rnmhnf JE, Kij`yjbnbfhsehn mih timhe jhu ieutlhjpur. Mih `baig sueh jbjpbreuhtmhn jbjabriehn jotivhsi ebphmhorhnf-orhnf yhnf eini jhsig abrhmhmi JE untue tbthp tbfhr mhnabrkuhnf tbrus jbnbfheehn gueujmhn ebhmi`hn mi nbfbri ini.

‚\hyh sumhg ai`hnf ahgwh itutimhe ahie mhn shyh sumhg ehsig

thgu, ahfhijhnh abrkuhnfnyh. \hyhehn timhe ao`bg ieut lhjpur, wonfshyh sumhg timhe mi situ. \hyh phìnftb`bpon gheij-gheij, surug jbrbehshahr ehrbnh sbahfihn abshr ehryhwhnjhsig hnhe-hnhe yhnf shyh rberutmuù,‚ phphrnyh.

Ahgehn, mbnfhn tbrkhminyhpbristiwh itu, Kij`y jbrhsh ahgwhputushn-putushn yhnf mihjai`gheij JE yhnf mipijpin Hei`pbrù mipbrthnyhehn ebhashghnnyh.]hpi, timhe jbsti miahthèhn sbjuh.‚]brjhsue putushn yhnf abrebnhhnmbnfhn MESS, itu bnffhe abnbr isinyh,nfhwur isinyh itu. Yh, thpi bnffheaish eith u`hnf, lhrhnyh yh eith ghrusjbnbjphtehn orhnf yhnf abnbr ,jhehnyh sistbj rberutjbn yhnf hehnmhthnf ghrus mipbrahiei.‚

Kij`y timhe sbpbnmhpht tbnthnf

pbnybrhghn pbnfhwhshn gheijJE ebphmh Eojisi Yumisih` (EY).Jbnurut mih, kustru pbrhn ESE-`hgyhnf `baig bdbetid untue jbnkhmipbnfhwhs gheij JE, mbnfhn lhrhjbjaonfehr ehsus-ehsus eorupsi

yhnf ai`h jbjhnf hmh jhsig tbrkhmimi JE.

‚Itu (EY) auehn pbnfhwhshn,thpi eomb btie. Eh`hu pbnfhwhshnehn `baig bdbetid o`bg ESE. ESE shkhyhnf hwhsi itu baig bdbetid. Khmi eh`huESE itu aish `hnfsunf abrtinmheehyhe sbehrhnf. Khmi khnfhn jbnthnf-jbnthnf Ebtuh JE khmi ebah` gueuj,yh bnffhe aish. Eh`hu jbjhnf sh`hgyh thnfehp `hnfsunf. Khmi ESE shkh

yhnf jbnfhwhsi, khnfhn EY eh`hu EYtbr`hù bjhg. Khmi ESE shkh, itu sumhgahfus. Khmi sihph yhnf jb`hnffhr`hnfsunf misieht,‚ ukhrnyh.

Sbrigh` posisi JE sbahfhi`bjahfh yhnf kufh jbnhnfhni mhnjbnyb`bshiehn sbnfebth pbjiìghnebph`h mhbrhg (pièhmh), Kij`y sbtuku kieh dunfsi itu mibvhùhsi ebjahì.‚]hpi eh`hu jish`nyh ebph`h mhbrhgmipiìg o`bg MSQM, otojhtis ituauehn pbjiù `hfi. Khmi timhe pbrùmithnfhni o`bg JE. Khmi isunyhitu auehn soh` JE hthu auehn,pièhmhnyh khnfhn `hfi `hnfsunf,otojhtis the hmh `hfi pbrsbìsighnghsi` pbjiù.‚

Kij`y jbnfinfhtehn, mh`hjsimhnf btie gheij JE pun timhepbrù miauht abrtb`b-tb`b. \bahienyhsimhnf itu mi`heuehn sblhrh tbraueh.‚Ini ehn auehn pbrhmi`hn gueujthpi pbnfhmi`hn btieh. Jish`nyh eh`hu

sumhg ebmhphthn, hmh aueti-auetigueuj yh sumhg bnffhe ushg phehisimhnf `hjh-`hjh. Eh`hu tbr`hù `hjhnhnti jh`hg ghnyh khmi tontonhnshkh.‚

Jbnfbnhi tuminfhn-tuminfhnjirinf yhnf mih`hjhtehn eb JE sbkhemih jbjijpin JE, mih jbnfhthehn,tuminfhn itu timhe tbpht sbaha ahnyhe

pbrabmhhn yhnf tbrkhmi mi jhshebpbjijpinnnyh mbnfhn JE shhtini.

‚Yh aish shkh, lujh untunfnyh eithehn bnffhe hmh pièhmh. Sièhmh ehnahru sbehrhnf, ju`hi mi zhjhnnyhJhgdum. [hjhn shyh bnffhe hmh,ghnyh kumilih` rbvibw shkh sbginffhpbrmbahthnnyh itu tbrehit imb mhnjbnfbnhi phsh`-phsh`. Nhg, eh`hujbnfbnhi pièhmhnyh itu ahru thgun1339. Ini ehn nhjhnyh nforbe-nforbe ,yhnf `hin kufh aish mieorbe-eorbe.Nhg, eh`hu milhri-lhri ebsh`hghnnyh,sbjuh orhnf hmh ebsh`hghn,‚ehthnyh.

Ofhg Eojbnthr

Shslhmiebùhrehnnyh Sbrpu Nojor8 ]hgun 138< tbnthnf JE, yhnfjbnfhtur jbnfbnhi pbjabntuehnJhkbìs Ebgorjhthn GheijEonstitusi (JEGE), pijpinhnJE `hnfsunf jbnyhjphiehnthnffhphn mhn shrhn-shrhnnyh untueebabr`hnkuthn institusi itu.

Srod Mr Ghjmhn [ob`vh yhnf

shht itu jhsig jbnkhaht Vhei` EbtuhJE jbni`hi, sbabnhrnyh jhsh`hgtbrsbaut auehn`hg sbsuhtu yhnfjbnmbshe untue mi`heuehn ehrbnhJEGE yhnf hmh shht ini jhsigmiheui ebabrhmhhnnyh mhn tbthpmhpht abebrkh sbsuhi ebwbnhnfhnyhnf hmh. \behìpun abfitu, JE hehnjbnmiseusiehn jhsh`hg pbnfhwhshnyhnf mihtur mh`hj pbrppu itu mbnfhnEY.

‚Nhnti phìnf jbehnisjb JEGEyhnf hehn mimiseusiehn mbnfhn EY.]hpi itu ehn timhe shnfht jbnmbshe, khmi mh`hj whetu yhnf hfhe `hjhehrbnh JEGE miheui tbthp abrkh`hnsbsuhi wbwbnhnf sb`hjh ini,‚ ehthGhjmhn [ob`vh yhnf mimhjpinfigheij-gheij JE shht jbjabriehnebtbrhnfhn pbrs tbrehit pbrpu itu miFbmunf JE,Khehrth, 87 Oetoabr

@HSOQHN R]HJH




`hù.

Jbnurut Ghjmhn, mih mhnsbkuj`hg gheij JE `hin timhe aishjbnfojbnthri jhtbri mhri pbnbraithnpbrpu baig khug ehrbnh phmh mhshrnyhshnfht jbnfgorjhti mhn thht phmhhshs pbrunmhnf-unmhnfhn.

‚\hyh auehn sbtuku hthu timhesbtuku mbnfhn mitbraitehnnyh pbrputhpi `baig ehrbnh pbrpu potbnsih` mi- kumilih` rbvibw. Jhehnyh shyh timheaish jbjabri pbnmhpht `baig muù.Orhnf hehn rhjhi-rhjhi jbnffufhtehrbnh gheij eonstitusi sumhgjbjabri pbnmhpht, sbo`hg-o`hgputushn aish miprbmiesi. \hyh timhejhu itu tbrkhmi,‚ ehthnyh.

Sbrpu itu pun auehn rhnhg JEuntue jbnfojbnthrinyh. \baha,ebputushn jbnfbùhrehn pbrpusbpbnugnyh ebwbnhnfhn prbsimbn,sbahfhijhnh mihtur mh`hj Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Mhshr89=2, Shsh` 11, ahgwhpbrpu kufh ju`hi abr`heu sbkhemitbthpehn.

H`hshn `hin, jbnurut Ghjmhn,pbrpu kufh shnfht potbnsih` hehn mi- kumilih` rbvibw eb JE. O`bg ehrbnh

itu, JE tbthp hehn jbnunffuginffh prosbs sb`hnkutnyh abrkh`hn.‚\bahfhi gheij eonstitusi, timhebtis jbnfojbnthri suhtu gh` yhnfpotbnsih` untue mi- kumilih` rbvibw mi JE. O`bg ehrbnh itu, ehji timheinfin jbjabri pbnmhpht `baig muù,shjphi prosbs ini abrkh`hn tbrus.‚

Jbnurut Ghjmhn, ijpìehsi mhriabr`heunyh hturhn-hturhn yhnf hmhmh`hj pbrpu, shjphi shht ini kufh

timhe hmh yhnf jbnmbshe untuemi`heuehn JE. Hph`hfi mh`hj pbrputb`hg shnfht kb`hs minyhthehn, JhkbìsEbgorjhthn yhnf sbehrhnf abrtufhs,tbthp jbnkh`hnehn tufhs sbpbrti aihshmbnfhn ebwbnhnfhn yhnf hmh.

Abfitu kufh jhtbri `hin mh`hjpbrpu, yheni hturhn tbnthnfrberutjbn gheij eonstitusi, jbnurut

Ghjmhn, kufh auehn aimhnf yhnfpbrù untue mieojbnthri JE. ‚Khmiaihrehn hkh prosbs itu abrkh`hn shjphieb MSQ nhnti. ]brsbrhg MSQ hphehgjbnbrijh hthu jbno`he, ehrbnhabfitu`hg ebtbntuhn eonstitusi

jbnfhtur jbnfbnhi pbrpu.‚

\btb`hg Sbrpu JE ebùhr, JEpun jbnfhmhehn pbjiìghn ebtuh. Yhnf tbrpiìg jb`hùi pbjunfuthnsuhrh phrh gheij eonstitusi hmh`hgGhjmhn [ob`vh.

Auehn ]bjhn

Jhnthn Ebtuh JE Kij`y Hssgimmiqib abrhnf. Mih jbrhsh

miegihnhti Hei` Jolgthr.

‚\hyh ehfbt sbehì, `bjhs, eblbwh.Mhn abfitu thgu mi ruhnfhnnyh hmhnhreoah, whmug, jh`hg nhnfis shyh.Moab` khminyh,‚ ukhr Kij`y hwh` au`hn`hù, sbtb`hg miehahrehn ahgwh EbtuhJE Hei` Jolgthr mithnfehp ESE.

\bkhe JE abrmiri, Kij`y hmh`hgsh`hg shtu toeog uthjh yhnfjbnmiriehn mhn jbnhegomhi bjahfhitu untue pbrthjh sbehì. Mih pun

abreojitjbn untue abebrkh mbnfhnprodbsionh`, hntisuhp mhn hntieorupsi.Mih abruphyh jbnbfheehn ebhmi`hngueuj sbhmi`-hmi`nyh.

Kij`y jbnbehnehn pbrùnyhgheij JE yhnf jbnkunkunf tinffigueuj, ebhmi`hn, mhn btieh prodbsigheij. \behìpun sbahfhi rbehnebrkhnyh mi JE muù, Kij`y jbnfheutimhe abfitu thgu pbrsis sbphe-tbrkhnfpoìtisi Shrthi Foèhr itu sblhrh

priahmi. ‚\hyh bnffhe mbeht (mbnfhn Hei`).\hyh ehn pbnmiri JE mi thgun 133<, Hei` itu (jhsue JE) thgun 1339, khmi bnffhe hmh guaunfhnnyh,‚ ukhr Kij`y.

Mih shjh sbehì timhe pbrnhgjbnyhnfeh ahgwh Hei` hehnabrtinmhe jb`hnffhr gueuj, hph`hfi

mh`hj posisinyh sbahfhi Ebtuh JE. Kij`y jbnfheu timhe jbnfbthguipbrsis ebpriahmihn gheij eonstitusihsh` Ehìjhnthn itu. ‚\bjuh thgumih hnffoth MSQ. Eh`hu jhu nhnyh tbnthnf mih, khnfhn nhnyh shyh. Mih

ehn auehn tbjhn shyh.‚

Kij`y abrlbrith, ebtieh pbristiwhpbnhnfehphn Hei` tbrkhmi, mihsbmhnf abrhmh mi Jhthrhj, Nush]bnffhrh Ahrht. ‚Ghais lbrhjhg khjsbpuùg jh`hj mhn shyh bnffhe ìghtghnmpgonb . Nhg, eirh-eirh khj sbab`hsjh`hj, phs jhu timur mhn sbtb`hgsh`ht, shyh aueh ghpb mhn sumhgahnyhe \J\ mhn tb`bpon yhnf jhsuenfhahrin itu. \hyh ehfbt sbehì. @bjhs

shyh. \bmig sbehì mhn shnfht eblbwhtbrghmhp mih (Hei`).‚

Mih pun fb`bnf-fb`bnf ebph`hebtieh jbnmbnfhr indorjhsi yhnfjbnybautehn ahgwh mi ruhnfhnEbtuh JE Hei` mitbjuehn nhreoah.Mih the ghais pieir, pbri`heu (jbjhehinhreoah) itu kufh tb`hg jbrhsue ebinstitusi yhnf mishyhnfinyh itu.

‚Aish shkh mih bnffhe phehi hthuabùj phehi hthu kufh sumhg `hjh

jhebnyh sbginffh sumhg gi`hnf. \hyhgbrhn kufh, eoe aish mitbjuehn eh`humih timhe phehi?‚ ukhrnyh.

Jbnurut mih, mbnfhn hmhnyhehahr nbfhtid itu, junlu` hnhìsisjhlhj-jhlhj. Hmh yhnf jbnmufh Hei` miebrkhin. ‚]hpi eh`hu jbnfbnhinhreoah, eh`hu jbjhnf hmh ahrhnfghrhj itu, jbseipun eith timhe phehi,hthu sbmhnf timhe miphehi, hmhnyhahrhnf itu shkh sumhg sh`hg. Itu sumhg

tbrjhsue tinmhe pimhnh mhn aishmiprosbs.‚

\b`hjh ini, Kij`y ahnyhe jbnmhphtindorjhsi yhnf mihnffhpnyh ghnyhisu mhn ishphn kbjpo` ab`heh tbrehit Hei` Jolgthr. Kustru ehahr sbpbrtiitu thminyh mihnffhp ghnyh uphyhjbnkb`be-kb`beehn JE mhn jbnloahjbnfghnlurehn `bjahfh itu.




@HSOQHN R]HJH

Gheij Jbstinyh \ig

]imhe Eorup @hfi

Mr Ijhj \obablgi, \G, JGGheij Hfunf Ebtuh Rjuj MSS Iehthn GheijInmonbsih (IEHGI)

Gheij yhnf jb`hnffhr eomb btie mhn pbmojhn

pbri`heu gheij hehn miabri shnesi abrmhshrehn tinfeht

pb`hnffhrhnnyh.

jbnkhfh eomb btie mhn SSG mh`hjjbnkh`hnehn tufhs mhn thnffunf

khwhanyh sbginffh aish jbnkhfh mirimhri pbri`heu jbnyijphnf.

Mithjahg `hfi, ehth Ijhj,nbfhrh jb`hùi pbjbrinthg sumhgjbnfbùhrehn SS No. 9= ]hgun1381 untue jbnhieehn fhki mhntunkhnfhn gheij yhnf otojhtisjbninfehtehn ebsbkhgtbrhhn gheijsbginffh timhe hmh `hfi h`hshn auhtgheij mi Inmonbsih untue jb`heuehnprhetie suhp.

Mh`hj gh` pbnfhwhshn pbri`heugheij, JH mhn EY sumhg jb`heuehnjbjorhnmuj od unmbrsthnminf untueaish shìnf abrsinbrfi jbnfhwhsipbri`heu jbnyijphnf mhri gheij-gheij yhnf hmh mi Inmonbsih, sb`hingheij JE.

\inbrfi ini eb`he jhjpu jbninfehtehnghreht mhn jhrthaht phrh gheij miInmonbsih ginffh tbrwukumnyh gheijyhnf kukur mhn abrsig.

‐Ehji abreojitjbn hehn tbrusjbninmhe`hnkuti `hporhn yhnfabrhsh` mhri EY mhn jhsyhrheht, mhnhphai`h tbraueti jb`hnffhr eomb btiemhn SSG, jheh hehn miabri shnesiabrmhshrehn tinfeht pb`hnffhrhn yhnfmi`heuehn,‚ shjaunf Ijhj.

Gbnmrie/Oethvihnus

‐Ebnyhthhnnyh jbjhnf timhe aishmitutup-tutupi, hmh shkh pbri`heu

gheij yhnf jbnyijphnf sbpbrti yhnfmiabrithehn mi jbmih jhssh. Khmi,eh`hu hmh pbri`heu sborhnf gheijyhnf jbnbrijh suhp, itu jbruphehnoenuj,‚ ukhr Ebtuh Iehthn GheijInmonbsih (IEHGI) Ijhn \obablgiebphmh Jhkh`hg IN]BFQI]H\ miruhnf ebrkhnyh, <3 Oetoabr `hù.

Ijhj \obablgi jbruphehn EbtuhIEHGI yhnf ahru shkh tbrpiìguntue pbriomb 138<-1384 mh`hj

Jusyhwhrhg Nhsionh` IEHGI eb-86yhnf mi`heshnhehn 16-19 Oetoabr138< mi Ahì.

\babtu`nyh, hnkut Ijhj, pbjabeh`hntb`hg miabriehn sbkhe lhòn gheijminyhthehn ùùs. Kufh, sosihìshsiEomb Btie mhn Sbmojhn Sbri`heuGheij (SSG) untue sbùrug gheijyhnf abrhmh mi khkhrhn JH tb`hgmi`heuehn.

‐Nhjun, shyhnfnyh, jhsig hmhshkh ’oenuj’ gheij abrpbri`heujbnyijphnf yhnf timhe jbnkhmiehnSSG sbahfhi pbmojhn mh`hjjbnkh`hnehn tufhs mhn abntbnftbrhegir pbnbfhehn gueuj,‚ tbfhsIjhj.

Shmhgh`, sbahfhi ukunf tojaheebhmi`hn, gheij mituntut abnhr-abnhr

Srosbs rberutjbn gheij mhnpbnfhwhshn, sb`hjh ini,hlhpehì jbnmhpht eritiehnmhri abrahfhi b`bjbn

jhsyhrheht, jhnheh`h jhsyhrhehtjbnmbnfhr gheij tbrthnfehp thnfhnjbnbrijh suhp hthu pbri`heu-pbri`heu jbnyijphnf yhnf mi`heuehn

‐oenuj‚ gheij mi Inmonbsih.Abrmhshrehn pbnbùsurhn Jhkh`hgIN]BFQI]H\ , shjphi mbnfhn\bptbjabr 138<, Eojisi Yumisih`sumhg jbnbrijh 8.44= `hporhn,mbnfhn ìjh mhbrhg tbrahnyhe, yheniMEI Khehrth (<4<), Khwh ]ijur (869),\ujhtbrh Rthrh (821), Khwh Ahrht(81<), mhn Khwh ]bnfhg (9<).

Ginffh eini, yhnf tb`hg mipbrieshEY sbahnyhe 87< gheij, 94 mihnthrhnyh tb`hg mirbeojbnmhsiehneb Jhgehjhg Hfunf untue miabrishnesi. \bahfhi pbrahnminfhn, phmheurun whetu \bptbjabr 1388-\bptbjabr 1381, EY jbnbrijh 8.213`hporhn mhn jbjbriesh 848 gheijsbrth jbjabriehn rbeojbnmhsi shnesiuntue 16 gheij. ]hjphe kb`hs tbrkhmipbninfehthn yhnf lueup sifniehn.




Vhthe, Vhthe`hg yhnf JbnbntuehnGheij-gheij ]brsbrbt Ehsus \uhp

Srod Mr Bjhn \uphrjhnEbtuh Aimhnf Sbnfhwhshn Gheij mhn Invbstifhsi

Eojisi Yumisih`

E ojisi Yumisih` (EY) jbìghttinfeht ebsbkhgtbrhhn gheijmi Inmonbsih abrpotbnsi

jbnijauèhn prhetie suhp. O`bgehrbnh itu, EY jbnmoronf pbnhiehnfhki gheij hfhr jbrbeh timhe tbrfomh`hfi untue jbnbrijh suhp.

‚\hyh jbjpbrkuhnfehn ebnhiehn

Jbnfhph gheij tbrìaht ehsus suhp? \baha, jbrbeh

abùj sbkhgtbrh. \bahfhi fhjahrhn, gheij mitunmh

ebnhiehn fhkinyh sb`hjh abrthgun-thgun mhn ghnyh

miabriehn nujbrhsi sbabshr 63 pbrsbn.




@HSOQHN R]HJH

fhki gheij, mbnfhn ghrhphn gheij-gheij mi Inmonbsih timhe `hfi tbrfomhprhetie suhp, ehrbnh sumhg mipbnugiebautughnnyh,‚ ehth Bjhn \uphrjhnphmh shht jbnbrijh eunkunfhn whwhnlhrh Jhkh`hg IN]BFQI]H\,

86 Oetoabr 138<.

‚]brnyhth, sbtb`hg fhki minhieehn,gheij jhsig shkh jb`heuehn prhetiesuhp ehrbnh jbjhnf sumhg whthe.‚

Gheij hegirnyh jbnmhphtehnhnfin sbfhr mbnfhn miebùhrehnnyhSbrhturhn Sbjbrinthg Nojor 9=]hgun 1381 tbnthnf Ghe Ebuhnfhnmhn Dhsiìths Gheij yhnf AbrhmhMi Ahwhg Jhgehjhg Hfunf.

Abrmhshrehn SS ini, fhki poeoe gheijmishjhehn mbnfhn fhki poeoe pbfhwhinbfbri sipi` (SN\) mithjahg ebnhiehntunkhnfhn gheij.

Jbnurut Bjhn, sbkhe muù gheijmi Inmonbsih sumhg tbrpo`hrishsi ebmh`hj tifh ebòjpoe sbginffh gheij-gheij yhnf tbrjhsue eb mh`hj tifhebòjpoe itu timhe `hfi mipbnfhrugiabshrhn kuj`hg fhki jhsinf-jhsinf.

Jbjhnf, hmh gheij yhnf jbjhnfahie, hmh gheij sbtbnfhg ahie, mhnhmh gheij yhnf timhe ahie.

‚Ebnhph shyh ehtbforiehn itu? \b`hjhjbnkhmi Ebtuh Eojisi Yumisih` (EY),tb`hg shyh pb`hkhri jbnfhph hmh gheijyhnf aish misuhp mhn hmh yhnf timheaish misuhp.‚

Bjhn jbnbfhsehn, timhe sbjuhgheij aish misuhp, hmh kufh gheij

yhnf kukur, sbehìpun kuj`hgnyh timheahnyhe. Gheij yhnf kukur tbrsbauttimhe aish abrauht hph-hph ehrbnhgheij itu abebrkh abrshjh-shjhmbnfhn gheij yhnf hin mh`hj sistbjjhkbìs.

‚Ebtieh jbjutus pbrehrh, gheij kukur tbrsbaut `baig jbjiìg untuetimhe sbpbnmhpht hthu yhnf sbrinf

eith mbnfhr missbntinf opinion sbginffh shyh ehtbforiehn hmh gheijyhnf kukur, timhe jhu jbnbrijhsuhp hph`hfi jbjinth. Kuj`hg yhnf kukur itu ghnyh sbeithr 83 pbrsbn mhri kuj`hg gheij yhnf hmh mi Inmonbsih,‚

ehthnyh.

\b`baignyh, eurhnf `baig 12 pbrsbn,tbrfoònf gheij yhnf tbrfhntunfsituhsi. Gheij ehtbfori sbpbrtiini, eh`hu situhsi jbjunfeinehnhehn jbjhinehn pbrehrh yhnfmithnfhninyh, tbthpi kieh jbjhnfsituhsinyh timhe jbjunfeinehnhehn jbjutus sbahfhijhnh hmhnyh.Ini aish tbrkhmi mi mhbrhg-mhbrhg hthuehauphtbn hthu eoth abshr.

‚Eh`hu hmh pbrehrh abshr gheijtbrsbaut hehn jhinehn pbrehrh, kiehtimhe hmh pbrehrh abshr hehn miputussbahfhijhnh gueuj hlhrh yhnfabr`heu,‚ thjahgnyh.

Hmh kufh gheij yhnf jbjahai auth,abshr ebli` pbrehrh, jbrbeh lipthehnebsbjphthn.

‚Khnfhnehn mithwhri, timhe mithwhrishkh jbrbeh jinth. Itu tbrkhmi miInmonbsih, mhn kuj`hgnyh timhethnffunf-thnffunf eirh-eirhjbnlhphi 42 pbrsbn mhri gheij yhnfhmh mi Inmonbsih,‚ phphr Bjhn.

\btihp ghri EY jbnbrijh `hporhnsbjhlhj itu. Mi shjpinf jbnbrijhsuhp, gheij ehtbfori sbpbrti itu kufhtbrnyhth jbjiìei pbri`heu yhnf sbrinfjbnyijphnf. Iahrht pbjhaue phsti

erijinh`, tbthpi erijinh` abùj tbntupbjhaue. Ehrbnh mbnfhn jhaue,sbsborhnf sumhg abrhni jb`heuehntinmhehn erijinh`.

Mbjieihn kufh mbnfhn gheij.\borhnf gheij yhnf jbjahai authjbnlhri ebsbjphthn timhe sbfhn-sbfhn sbìnfeug.

‚Auehn ghnyh sbìnfeug, gheijtbrsbaut kufh abrhni lo`he-lo`begheij pbrbjpuhn, hthu abrjhin-jhin mbnfhn sthd pbnfhmi`hn nbfbri,‚`hnkut Bjhn

Gheij yhnf abrpbri`heu jbnyijphnfsumhg aish miimbntiehsi. Ebtiehjbjutus pbrehrh jbrbeh sbo`hg-o`hgtimhe jbìght hmh gh`hnfhn mh`hjeomb btie mhn pbri`heu.

Sbri`heu suhp sbpbrti itu timheabrmiri sbnmiri. Eh`hu gheij tbrsbautjbnbrijh suhp, mi hspbe-hspbe `hinpun phsti abrauht yhnf timhe ahie.]bthpi eh`hu gheij yhnf ahie, shjhsbehì timhe jb`heuehn hphpun, timhe

jbnbrijh suhp, timhe jbjinth uhnf,timhe sbìnfeug.

Bjhn jbnmufh, pbri`heu suhp yhnfmi`heuehn gheij ehrbnh ebautughnmi ùhr ebwhkhrhn, jish`nyhebautughn untue sbìnfeug mhnjhaue. \baha, aihshnyh fhki yhnfmipbro`bg untue ebautughn ebùhrfhsbginffh untue jhaue mhn sbìnfeugjbjautugehn pbnfghsi`hn `baig

yhnf mimhphtehnnyh mhri jb`heuehnprhetie suhp hthu jbjinth ebphmhpighe yhnf abrebpbntinfhn mbnfhnsbauhg ehsus yhnf mithnfhninyh.

Hrtinyh, ini jbnyhnfeut whthe.Gheij mi Inmonbsih yhnf jbjiìeipbri`heu aurue, ahie mh`hj jbjutuspbrehrh jhupun mh`hj ebsbghrihnnyh(btieh mh`hj pbrfhu`hn sbghri-ghri)sumhg jbnkhmi whthe, jheh fhkisbabshr hph pun timhe sifniehn

jbnfuahg pbri`heu jbnyijphnfmhri gheij.

Bjhn shnfht jbnybshèhn ehsusyhnf jbìahtehn Hei` Jolgthr.Mbnfhn fhki yhnf sbmbjieihn ahnyhe,ghrusnyh ebautughn untue ebùhrfhsumhg jbnlueupi.

‚Kieh tbraueti jbnbrijh suhp mi



8<IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

pbnfhmi`hn nhntinyh, untue hph Hei`jb`heuehn prhetie suhp `hfi? Eh`hueith pieir mhri sisi ebautughn jhnusih,sbabnhrnyh ebautughn jhnusih itutbrahths, yhnf timhe tbrahths hmh`hgebjhuhn mhn ebinfinhn. Khmi, fhki

gheij timhe hehn abrpbnfhrugtbrghmhp pbri`heu gheij kieh whthenyh sbpbrti itu. O`bg ehrbnh itu,EY jbnfhkhe phrh gheij mi Inmonbsihjbnfuahg whthe,‚ thnmhs Bjhn.

]brehit mbnfhn mufhhn suhp yhnftbrkhmi mi Jhgehjhg Eonstitusi,Bjhn jbnfhthehn, gheij-gheijJE yhnf hmh sbehrhnf ini ghrusmisb`besi u`hnf. Sbjiìghn gheij JEmiebjahìehn ebphmh phnith sb`besi,sbpbrti pbjiìghn gheij Jhgehjhg Hfunf.

‚Khnfhn mipiìg o`bg Srbsimbn, MSQ,mhn JH. Inmbpbnmbn shkh, yhnfpbntinf jbjiìei ahle frounm gueujyhnf jhthnf, jbjiìei intbfrithsyhnf ahie mhn abahs mhri lhjpurthnfhn Srbsimbn mhn MSQ.‚

\behrhnf, pbjiìghn gheij JH

timhe `hfi mi`heuehn o`bg MSQehrbnh kieh mi`heuehn o`bg MSQ shrhtmbnfhn ebpbntinfhn poìtie mi MSQ.Sbjiìghn phnitih sb`besi gheij JH kufh misbrhgehn ebphmh EY sbahfhiphnitih sb`besi tbthp.

‚EY auehn `bjahfh pbnbfhe gueujthpi kufh auehn `bjahfh poìtiesbginffh EY timhe jbjpunyhiebpbntinfhn poìtie, ebluhìebpbntinfhnnyh ghnyh infin

jbnfghsièhn gheij-gheij miInmonbsih yhnf abrsig, abreuhìthsmhn abrintbfriths,‚ tbfhs Bjhn.

Eh`hu jbjhnf EY timhe miabriehnebpbrlhyhhn untue jbnkhmi phnitihsb`besi tbthp, abntue shkh phnitihsb`besi yhnf inmbpbnmbn untuejbnyb`besi gheij-gheij JE.

‚Ahnyhe orhnf ahie mhn pinthr miInmonbsih thpi timhe miabri ebsbjphthnehrbnh tbrnyhth `baig mojinhnebpbntinfhn poìtienyh mi mh`hjpbnfisihn khahthn mi bjahfh-`bjahfhnbfhrh, tbruthjh `bjahfh pbnbfhehngueuj. Ini ahghyh, `baig-`baig JEitu `bjahfh tinffi nbfhrh yhnf timhehmh ahwhghnnyh tbthpi timhe hmh kufhhthshnnyh, abrmiri sbnmiri, mhn timhehmh pbnfhwhshnnyh,‚ phphrnyh.

Bjhn abrpbnmhpht, timhe hmhsh`hgnyh sborhnf gheij hfunf hthugheij eonstitusi abrhsh` mhri phrthihshèhn abreuhìths mhn abrintbfriths. Hehn tbthpi, aihshnyh orhnf yhnfabrhsh` mhri phrthi sbehìpun timhe hfi

jbnkhmi hnffoth phrthi, sidht lonmonfebphmh phrthi hsh`nyh hehn junlu`.

‚Eb mbphn sumhg ghrus jbnkhmipb`hkhrhn abrghrfh, sihph pun mhn mhrijhnh pun hsh`nyh, aish shkh abrauhtebìru kieh hthr ab`hehnf intbfrithsnyheurhnf ahie.‚

Jbnhnffhpi rbnlhnh pbjbrinthg

jbnfbùhrehn pbrhturhn pbjbrinthgsbahfhi pbnffhnti unmhnf-unmhnfuntue jbnyb`hjhtehn JE, Bjhnabrpbnmhpht, eh`hu pbrpu abrisi hturhntbnthnf pbjabrihn ebwbnhnfhnebphmh EY untue jbnfhwhsi gheij

JE, mhn misbtukui o`bg MSQ, hrtinyhpbrppu itu hehn jbnkhmi `hnmhshnabrpikhe ahfi EY untue jbnfhwhsigheij JE. Itu pun eh`hu pbrpu itutimhe miahthèhn o`bg JE.

‚Sbùhnf untue miahthèhn o`bg JEshnfht tbraueh kieh hmh pighe-pigheyhnf jbnfhkuehnnyh eb JE. Hph`hfiJE jbnfhthehn ahgwh pbrputbrsbaut ineonstitusionh`,‚ unfehpBjhn, ababrhph khj sbabùjSrbsimbn \usiò Ahjahnf Yumgoyonojbnfbùhrehn Sbrpu tbnthnf JE(Ehjis sihnf, 86 Oetoabr `hù).

Mih jbnbfhsehn, eh`hu jbjhnfpbrpu itu jbjabriehn EYebwbnhnfhn jbnfhwhsi JE, EYsihp jb`heshnhehnnyh. ]imhe hmhthwhr-jbnhwhr. EY timhe junfeinjbno`he. Instrujbn mi EY kufh sumhgsihp ehrbnh sb`hjh ini pun EY sumhg

jbnfhwhsi gheij JH.

‚Hph abmhnyh gheij JH mbnfhngheij JE? \hjh-shjh pbkhahttinffi nbfhrh. Ehji sihp `baigabrintbfriths mhri gheij yhnf hehnmihwhsi. Ahfhijhnh junfein EYaish jbnfhwhsi gheij, kieh EYsbnmiri timhe jbjpunyhi intbfriths.O`bg ehrbnh itu timhe hmh ehth `hin,EY ghrus `baig abrintbfriths untuejbnkhmi tb`hmhn,‚ ehthnyh.

Sosisi EY mi mh`hj Sbrpu JE hmh`hg,pbrthjh, sbahfhi phnb` hgì mh`hjjbnyb`besi gheij JE, mhn ebmuh,abrshjh-shjh mbnfhn JE jbnyusunEojitb Btie.

Hnmrbhs/Tiltor/Ihn

‚Ebtieh jbjutus

pbrehrh, gheij kukur

tbrsbaut `baig jbjiìg

untue timhe sbpbnmhpht

hthu yhnf sbrinf eithmbnfhr missbntinf

opinion sbginffh shyh

ehtbforiehn hmh gheij

yhnf kukur, timhe jhu

jbnbrijh suhp hph`hfi

jbjinth. Kuj`hg yhnf

kukur itu ghnyh sbeithr 83

pbrsbn mhri kuj`hg gheij

yhnf hmh mi Inmonbsih,‚

ehthnyh.



8= IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

@HSOQHN R]HJH

Hei` Itu Auehn ]bjhn \hyh(\hyh Monfeo` Miegihnhti)

Srod Mr Kij`y HssgimmiqibJhnthn Ebtuh JE

Jhnthn Ebtuh JE Kij`y

Hssgimmiqib abrhnf.

Srodbsor yhnf turut

jbnfhwh` mhn jbnfhami

mi JE hfhr tbthp

eonsistbn mhn abrsig

mh`hj pbnbfhehn gueuj

mi JE itu jbùhpehn

sbkuj`hg monfeo` mhn

tbrùeh miegihnhti

Hei` Jolgthr.

‚\hyh ehfbt sbehì, `bjhs,eblbwh. Mhn abfitu thgu miruhnfhnnyh hmh nhreoah,

whmug, jh`hg nhnfis shyh. Moab`

khminyh,‚ ukhr Kij`y hwh` au`hn `hù,sbtb`hg miehahrehn ahgwh Ebtuh JE Hei` Jolgthr mithnfehp ESE.

\bkhe JE abrmiri, Kij`y hmh`hg sh`hgshtu toeog uthjh yhnf jbnmiriehnmhn jbnhegomhi `bjahfh ituuntue pbrthjh sbehì. Mih punabreojitjbn untue abebrkh mbnfhnprodbsionh`, hntisuhp mhn hntieorupsi.

Mih abruphyh jbnbfheehn ebhmi`hngueuj sbhmi`-hmi`nyh.

Kij`y jbnbehnehn pbrùnyh gheij

JE yhnf jbnkunkunf tinffi gueuj,ebhmi`hn, mhn btieh prodbsi gheij.\behìpun sbahfhi rbehn ebrkhnyh miJE muù, Kij`y jbnfheu timhe abfituthgu pbrsis sbphe-tbrkhnf poìtisiShrthi Foèhr itu sblhrh priahmi.

‚\hyh bnffhe mbeht (mbnfhn Hei`).\hyh ehn pbnmiri JE mi thgun 133<, Hei` itu (jhsue JE) thgun 1339,




khmi bnffhe hmh guaunfhnnyh,‚ ukhr Kij`y.

Kij`y the pbrnhg jbnyhnfeh ahgwh Hei` hehn abrtinmhe jb`hnffhrgueuj, hph`hfi mh`hj posisinyh

sbahfhi Ebtuh JE. Kij`y jbnfb`hejbnfbthgui pbrsis ebpriahmihnGheij yhnf abrhsh` mhri Ehìjhnthnitu. ‚\bjuh thgu mih hnffoth MSQ.Eh`hu jhu nhnyh tbnthnf mih, khnfhnnhnyh shyh. Mih ehn auehn tbjhnshyh.‚

Ebtieh pbristiwh pbnhnfehphn Hei`, Kij`y sbmhnf abrhmh mi ùhr eoth.Mih sbnmiri shnfht ehfbt jbnfbthgui

ebkhmihn itu.

‚\hyh whetu itu `hfi mi Jhthrhj,ghais lbrhjhg khj sbpuùg jh`hjmhn shyh bnffhe ìght ghnmpgonb .Nhg, eirh-eirh khj sbab`hs jh`hj,phs jhu timur mhn sbtb`hg sh`ht, shyhaueh ghpb mhn sumhg ahnyhe \J\mhn tb`bpon yhnf jhsue nfhahrin itu.\hyh ehfbt sbehì. @bjhs shyh. \bmigsbehì mhn shnfht eblbwh tbrghmhp mih(Hei`),‚ lbrith Kij`y.

Indorjhsi yhnf jbnybautehn ahgwhmi ruhnfhn Ebtuh JE Hei` mitbjuehnnhreoah pun jbjauht Kij`y fb`bnf-fb`bnf ebph`h. Mih the ghais pieir,pbri`heu (jbjhehi nhreoah) itu kufh tb`hg jbrhsue eb institusi yhnfmishyhnfinyh itu. ‚Nhg shyh mhpht ehahr itu nbfhtid. Khmiaish shkh mih bnffhe phehi hthu abùjphehi hthu kufh sumhg `hjh jhebnyhsbginffh sumhg gi`hnf. \hyh gbrhn kufh, eoe aish mitbjuehn eh`hu mihtimhe phehi. Hrtinyh, mbnfhn hmhnyhnbfhtid itu, jhlhj-jhlhj hnhìsisorhnf, sbpbrti mufhhn Hei` miebrkhinmhn jhlbj-jhlbj. ]hpi eh`hujbnfbnhi nhreoah ini, eh`hu jbjhnfhmh ahrhnf ghrhj itu, jbseipun eithtimhe phehi, hthu sbmhnf timhe miphehi,

hmhnyh ahrhnf itu shkh sumhg sh`hg.Itu sumhg tbrjhsue tinmhe pimhnhmhn aish miprosbs,‚ ukhrnyh.

\b`hjh ini, Kij`y ahnyhe jbnmhphtindorjhsi yhnf mihnffhpnyh ghnyh

isu mhn ishphn kbjpo` ab`heh tbrehit Hei` Jolgthr. Kustru ehahr sbpbrtiitu thminyh mihnffhp ghnyh uphyhjbnkb`be-kb`beehn JE mhn jbnloahjbnfghnlurehn `bjahfh itu.

‚Muù ehn sumhg ahnyhe lbrith-lbrith abfini, thpi eith ehn timhepbrlhyh. \btb`hg ebkhmihn ini, yh H``hg... tbrnyhth jbjhnf orhnf inisbrinf abrjhin ab`hehnf. Hph`hfi

sbtb`hg tbreujpu` ini ahnyhe ehsus-ehsus yhnf `hin, tbrnyhth abnhr.]brjhsue mih pbnlulihn uhnf, mihaiein pbrushghhn. untue tbjphtjbnhjpunf, fhwht itu,‚ ukhr Kij`y.

\behìpun Hei` yhnf Ebtuh JEtbrsbrbt ehsus eorupsi, Kij`y timheabrhni jbnyhjphiehn ahgwhgheij-gheij JE `hinnyh pun aishabrpbri`heu shjh. ‚Eith bnffhe ao`bgsbjahrhnfhn tumug. Eh`hu jbnfieuti

niht orhnf yhnf hfi jhrhg, sbjuhnyhjhu misurug junmur. ]brjhsueJhgdum, kufh mieorbe-eorbe mhneh`hu milhri-lhri hmh shkh sh`hgnyh.]hpi eith bnffhe ao`bg pueu` rhthsbjuh gheij sh`hg hthu tbrìaht.‚\heinf ebsh`nyh ebphmh Hei` yhnfmihnffhp tb`hg jbnfegihnhti JE, Kij`y pun timhe sumi sbehmhr abrtbjuhthu jbjabsuenyh mi mi pbnkhrh.‚Nfhphin? Jhù shyh nfbìht orhnfehyh abfitu.. Jbnfghnlurehn ehryheith, shyh phìnf eblbwh. Muù nhjhJE eith ainh mbnfhn ahfus sbehrhnfsumhg ghnlur.‚

Sbristiwh itu, jbnurut Kij`y, sbkhehwh` pbjiìghn Hei` sbahfhi EbtuhJE, sumhg hmh `hnfehg yhnf sh`hg.O`bg ehrbnh itu, Kij`y abrghrhp mhnjbnfinfhtehn hfhr eb mbphn orhnf-

orhnf yhnf jbnkhmi gheij JE ghrusabnhr-abnhr abrsig mhn abrintbfriths.‚Yh, khmi jbjhnf sh`hg piìg. Vhmug,ebnhph eith aish ebloònfhn. Jhehitu`hg sistbj rberutjbn itu jbjhnfghrus mipbrahiei.‚

Kij`y timhe jbìght hmhnyh urfbnsimiebùhrehnnyh Sbrpu JE ehrbnh Hei`tbrkbrht ehsus eorupsi itu. ‚Yh hph yhnfjhu mihtur? Ini bnffhe hmh ehithnnyhmbnfhn jhsh`hg ini. Ini pbnbfhehngueujnyh yhnf ghrus mitunthsehn. Khnfhn jbnlhjpurhmueehnjhsh`hg priahmi mbnfhn `bjahfh.@bjahfhnyh ghrus misb`hjhtehn muù

khnfhn miebairi. Ini auehn jhsh`hginstitusi, thpi jhsh`hg gheij yhnfabrjhsh`hg. Khmi shyh sbehrhnf timhejhu `hfi ailhrh soh` itu, shyh jhudoeus nfurus MESS shkh. Sbjbrinthgjhu ebùhrehn pbrppu tbrsbrhg, yhnfpbntinf shyh sumhg jbnyhjphiehnpbnmhpht shyh.‚

Kij`y jbnbfhsehn mih timhe jhujbnlhjpuri urushn pbnbraithn SbrpuJE. Mih baig sueh jbjpbreuht mhn

jbjabriehn jotivhsi ebphmh orhnf-orhnf yhnf eini jhsig abrhmh mi JEuntue tbthp tbfhr mhn abrkuhnf tbrusthnph jbnybrhg jbnbfheehn gueujmhn ebhmi`hn mi nbfbri ini.

‚\hyh sumhg ai`hnf ahgwh itu timheahie mhn shyh sumhg ehsig thgu,ahfhijhnh abrkuhnfnyh. \hyh ehntimhe ao`bg ieut lhjpur, wonf shyhsumhg timhe mi situ. \hyh phìnftb`bpon gheij-gheij, surug jbrbehshahr ehrbnh sbahfihn abshr ehryhwhnjhsig hnhe-hnhe yhnf shyh rberutmuù. Nhg, khmi shyh ehsig nhsightsuphyh jbrbeh shahr,‚ phphrnyh.

Ahgehn, mbnfhn tbrkhminyh pbristiwhitu, Kij`y jbrhsh ahgwh putushn-putushn yhnf mihjai` gheij JE yhnfmipijpin Hei` pbrù mipbrthnyhehn




@HSOQHN R]HJH

ebjahì ebhashghnnyh. ]hpi, timhejbsti miahthèhn sbjuh. ‚]brjhsueputushn yhnf abrebnhhn mbnfhnMESS, itu bnffhe abnbr isinyh,nfhwur isinyh itu. Yh, thpi bnffheaish eith u`hnf, lhrhnyh yh eith ghrus

jbnbjphtehn orhnf yhnf abnbr,jhehnyh sistbj rberutjbn yhnf hehnmhthnf ghrus mipbrahiei.‚

Kij`y timhe sbpbnmhpht tbnthnfpbnybrhghn pbnfhwhshn gheijJE ebphmh Eojisi Yumisih` (EY).Jbnurut mih, kustru pbrhn ESE-`hgyhnf `baig bdbetid untue jbnkhmipbnfhwhs gheij JE, mbnfhn lhrhjbjaonfehr ehsus-ehsus eorupsi

yhnf ai`h jbjhnf hmh jhsig tbrkhmimi JE.

‚Itu (EY) auehn pbnfhwhshn, thpieomb btie. Eh`hu pbnfhwhshn ehn`baig bdbetid o`bg ESE. ESE shkhyhnf hwhsi itu baig bdbetid. Khmi eh`huESE itu aish `hnfsunf abrtinmheehyhe sbehrhnf. Khmi khnfhn jbnthnf-jbnthnf Ebtuh JE khmi ebah` gueuj,yh bnffhe aish. Eh`hu jbjhnf sh`hgyh thnfehp `hnfsunf. Khmi ESE shkh

yhnf jbnfhwhsi, khnfhn EY eh`hu EYtbr`hù bjhg. Khmi ESE shkh, itu sumhgahfus. Khmi sihph yhnf jb`hnffhr`hnfsunf misieht,‚ ukhrnyh.

Sbrigh` posisi JE sbahfhi `bjahfhyhnf kufh jbnhnfhni mhnjbnyb`bshiehn sbnfebth pbjiìghnebph`h mhbrhg (pièhmh), Kij`y sbtuku kieh dunfsi itu mibvhùhsi ebjahì.‚Ahienyh mibvhùhsi. ]hpi eh`hujish`nyh ebph`h mhbrhg mipiìg o`bgMSQM, otojhtis itu auehn pbjiù`hfi. Khmi timhe pbrù mithnfhni o`bgJE. Khmi isunyh itu auehn soh`JE hthu auehn, pièhmhnyh khnfhn`hfi `hnfsunf, otojhtis the hmh `hfipbrsbìsighn ghsi` pbjiù.‚

Kij`y jbnfinfhtehn, mh`hj simhnfbtie gheij JE pun timhe pbrù

miauht abrtb`b-tb`b. \bahienyh simhnfitu mi`heuehn sblhrh tbraueh. ‚Iniehn auehn pbrhmi`hn gueuj thpipbnfhmi`hn btieh. Jish`nyh eh`husumhg ebmhphthn, hmh aueti-auetigueuj yh sumhg bnffhe ushg phehi

simhnf `hjh-`hjh. Eh`hu tbr`hù `hjhnhnti jh`hg ghnyh khmi tontonhnshkh. Eh`hu ini sumhg hmh aueti mhnthnfehp thnfhn abrhrti ini sumhg hmhaueti gueuj, eh`hu hmh aueti gueujehn tinffh` miputusehn mhn tinffh`miabrgbntiehn. Eh`hu jbnurut shyhabfitu.‚

Jbnfbnhi tuminfhn-tuminfhn jirinf yhnf mih`hjhtehneb JE sbkhe mih jbjijpin JE, mih

jbnfhthehn, tuminfhn itu timhe tbphtsbaha ahnyhe pbrabmhhn yhnf tbrkhmimi jhsh ebpbjijpinnnyh mbnfhnJE shht ini. ‚Yh aish shkh, lujhuntunfnyh eith ehn bnffhe hmhpièhmh. Sièhmh ehn ahru sbehrhnf,ju`hi mi zhjhnnyh Jhgdum. Khjhnshyh bnffhe hmh, ghnyh kumilih` rbvibw shkh sbginffh pbrmbahthnnyh itutbrehit imb mhn jbnfbnhi phsh`-phsh`.Nhg, eh`hu jbnfbnhi pièhmhnyh itu

ahru thgun 1339. Ini ehn nhjhnyhnforbe-nforbe , yhnf `hin kufh aishmieorbe-eorbe. Nhg, eh`hu milhri-lhri ebsh`hghnnyh, sbjuh orhnf hmhebsh`hghn,‚ ehthnyh. Qbhesi ebrhs jhsyhrhehttbrghmhp JE yhnf tijau` heiahttbrthnfehpnyh Hei` Jolgthr,jbnurut Kij`y khnfhn shjphiebaha`hshn. Jbnurut mih, pbrjinthhnJE miauahrehn hmh`hg rbhesi yhnftimhe tbpht. ‚Eh`hu hmh yhnf jinthauahrehn JE, yh bnffhe aish fitumonf. \hyh bnffhe rb`h. Hmh hfi ehyheAuyunf Nhsution, jinth 7 gheijghrus jbnfunmurehn miri, yh ehnbnffhe aish fitu kufh, ehrbnh whetueith itu bnffhe phnkhnf, eith ghrusjbnyb`hjhtehn JE. Au`hn Hpri` itusumhg jhsue pbjiù. Khmi eith ghrussb`hjhtehn JE nyh, thpi mbnfhn lhrh

abfini orhnf aish eorbe-eorbe sbjuhgheij, tbrjhsue Jhgdum milhri-lhriebsh`hghnnyh.‚

Kij`y jbjinth eb mbphnnyhrberutjbn mhn pbjiìghn Ebtuh JE

tbr`bphs mhri ebpbntinfhn priahmi mhnintbrbs-intbrbs poìtie yhnf jbrusheebhmi`hn. Ahfi Kij`y, sosoe yhnf aishjbjijpin JE hmh`hg yhnf sumhgtimhe rishu hehn ebautughn pbrut mhnhjaisi poìtie yhnf hmh.

‚\bahienyh jbjhnf ghrus orhnf-orhnf yhnf sbnior yhnf abtu`-abtuòrhnf yhnf sumhg sb`bshi mbnfhnmirinyh, timhe `hfi punyh lith-lith

poìtie, sbpbrti mh`hj thnmh pbtie yh,jhu nyhprbs`hg jhupun yhnf infinlhri muit`hg. Itu umhg kb`hs sbehì.Jheh sbahienyh orhnf-orhnf yhnfumhg sbnior, itu yhnf sumhg jhtbnf,yhnf gimupnyh sumhg suesbs. Ehrbnhini nbfhrhwhn. \htu-shtunyh khahthnnbfhrhwhn yh yhnf ghrus ehyh abfitu,‚phphrnyh.

Kij`y jbnybautehn, eritbrih yhnfaish mitbrhpehn mi JE, ahie untue

Gheij JE jhupun Ebtuh JE,auehn`hg orhnf jumh yhnf fhjphnftbrfiur mbnfhn sbkuth ijinf-ijinfghrth, thegth mhn pbjhnis `hinnyh. ‚Jbjhnf sbahienyh ghrus nbfhrhwhn. Khnfhn pbjumh yhnf bnffhe jhtbnf fitu i`ju gueujnyh. Sbnfh`hjhnnyh kufh ghrus jhtbnf muù. Khnfhn piìgyhnf trhle rblorm -nyh aurue mhn khnfhn piìg yhnf tbr`hù jumh untuejbnkhmi nbfhrhwhn. Eh`hu jumhjhsig ahnyhe lith-lith yhnf mhri sbfiebuhnfhn jhsig abùj sb`bshi mhrisbfi poìtie kufh abùj sb`bshi. Khminbfhrhwhn itu ghrus`hg orhnf yhnfjbjhnf sumhg sb`bshi mbnfhn mirinyhsbnmiri,‚ thjahgnyh.

Qoy K\




Shslh miebùhrehnnyh Sbrpu

Nojor 8 ]hgun 138< tbnthnfJE, yhnf jbnfhtur jbnfbnhi

pbjabntuehn Jhkbìs EbgorjhthnGheij Eonstitusi (JEGE)o`bg Srbsimbn, JE `hnfsunfjbnyhjphiehn thnffhphn mhnshrhn-shrhnnyh untue ebabr`hnkuthninstitusi itu eb mbphn.

Vhei` Ebtuh JE Ghjmhn [ob`vhjbni`hi, sbabnhrnyh jhsh`hg tbrsbaut

auehn`hg sbsuhtu yhnf jbnmbsheuntue mi`heuehn ehrbnh JEGEyhnf hmh shht ini jhsig miheuiebabrhmhhnnyh mhn tbthp mhphtabebrkh sbsuhi ebwbnhnfhn yhnfhmh. \behìpun abfitu, JE hehnjbnmiseusiehn jhsh`hg pbnfhwhshnyhnf mihtur mh`hj pbrppu itu mbnfhnEY. ‚Nhnti phìnf jbehnisjb JEGyhnf hehn mimiseusiehn mbnfhn EY.

]hpi itu ehn timhe shnfht jbnmbshe, khmi mh`hj whetu yhnf hfhe `hjhehrbnh JEG miheui tbthp abrkh`hnsbsuhi wbwbnhnf sb`hjh ini,‚ ehthGhjmhn [ob`vh yhnf mimhjpinfigheij-gheij JE shht jbjabriehnebtbrhnfhn pbrs tbrehit pbrppu itumi Fbmunf JE,Khehrth, 87 Oetoabr`hù.

Jbnurut Ghjmhn, mirinyh mhn

sbkuj`hg gheij JE `hin timhe aishjbnfojbnthri jhtbri mhri pbnbraithnpbrppu `baig khug ehrbnh phmhmhshrnyh shnfht jbnfgorjhti mhnthht phmh hshs pbrunmhnf-unmhnfhnyhnf abr`heu.

‚\hyh auehn sbtuku hthu timhe sbtukumbnfhn mitbraitehnnyh pbrppu thpi`baig ehrbnh pbrppu potbnsih` mi- kumilih` rbvibw. Jhehnyh shyh timhe

aish jbjabri pbnmhpht `baig muù.Orhnf hehn rhjhi-rhjhi jbnffufhtehrbnh gheij eonstitusi sumhgjbjabri pbnmhpht, sbo`hg-o`hgputushn aish miprbmiesi. \hyh timhejhu itu tbrkhmi,‚ ehthnyh. Sbrpu itu pun sbabnhrnyh auehnrhnhg JE untue jbnfojbnthrinyh.\baha, jbnurut Ghjmhn, ebputushnjbnfbùhrehn pbrppu sbpbnugnyhebwbnhnfhn prbsimbn, sbahfhijhnh

mihtur mh`hj Rnmhnf-RnmhnfMhshr89=2, Shsh` 11, ahgwh pbrppu kufh ju`hi abr`heu sbkhe mitbthpehn.

H`hshn `hin, jbnurut Ghjmhn,pbrppu kufh shnfht potbnsih` hehn mi- kumilih` rbvibw eb JE. O`bg ehrbnhitu, JE tbthp hehn jbnunffu ginffhprosbs sb`hnkutnyh abrkh`hn.

‚\bahfhi gheij Eonstitusi, timhe

btis jbnfojbnthri suhtu gh` yhnfpotbnsih` untue mi- kumilih` rbvibw mi JE. Ehrbnh itu ehji timhe infinjbjabri pbnmhpht baig muù, shjphiprosbs ini abrkh`hn tbrus,‚ ukhrnyh. Jbnurut Ghjmhn, ijpìehsi mhriabr`heunyh hturhn-hturhn yhnf hmhmh`hj Sbrpu, shjphi shht ini kufhtimhe hmh yhnf jbnmbshe untuemi`heuehn JE. Hph`hfi mh`hj Sbrpu

tb`hg shnfht kb`hs minyhthehn, JhkbìsEbgorjhthn yhnf sbehrhnf abrtufhs,tbthp jbnkh`hnehn tufhs sbpbrti aihshmbnfhn ebwbnhnfhn yhnf hmh. Mbjieihn kufh tbrehit jhtbri `hinmh`hj pbrppu yhnf jbnfhtur tbrehitrberutjbn Gheij Eonstitusi,jbnurut Ghjmhn, kufh auehnaimhnf yhnf pbrù untue mieojbnthripighe JE.

‚Khmi aihrehn hkh prosbs itu abrkh`hnshjphi eb MSQ nhnti. ]brsbrhg MSQhphehg jbnbrijh hthu jbno`he,ehrbnh abfitu`hg ebtbntuhn eonstitusijbnfhtur jbnfbnhi pbrppu.‚ ●

Qoy K\

Srod Mr Ghjmhn [ob`vhEbtuh Jhgehjhg Eonstitusi

\hyh Ofhg Jbnhnffhpi,\bo`hg-o`hg SutushnAish Miprbmiesi




@HSOQHN R]HJH

R ki jhtbri ( kumilih` rbvibw )tbrghmhp Sbrhturhn Sbnffhn-ti Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor

8 ]hgun 138< tbnthnf SbruahghnEbmuh Hths Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor1= ]hgun 133< tbnthnf JhgehjhgEonstitusi (Sbrpu JE) yhnf

mitbraitehn o`bg Srbsimbn \AY phmhEhjis (86/83), timhe aish mi`heuehn.Sbrpu tbrsbaut ghnyh mhpht mi- poìtilh`rbvibw hthu mi-`bfis`htivb rbvibw miMSQ. Ahgehn, isi pbrpu ini shnfhtrb`bvhn mikhmiehn unmhnf-unmhnf.

Sbrpu tbrsbaut, mi hnthrhnyh, jbnfhturpbnhjahghn pbrsyhrhthn jbnkhmigheij JE, jbjpbrkb`hs jbehnisjbprosbs sb`besi mhn pbnfhkuhn lhòngheij JE sbrth pbrahiehn sistbjpbnfhwhshn einbrkh gheij JE. Kufh,

mithjahgehn e`husu` pbrsyhrhthngheij JE mbnfhn ebtbntuhn timhejbnkhmi hnffoth phrthi poìtiesbmieitnyh mh`hj eurun whetu tukugthgun tbrhegir.

‐Kieh JE jbnfuki pbrpu tbrsbautjheh JE tb`hg jbrhjphs wbwbnhnfMSQ untue jb`heuehn `bfis`htivbrbvibw sbsuhi mbnfhn ebtbntuhnShsh` 11 RRM 89=2,‚ ehth jhnthnEbtuh JE, Jhgdum JM, mi Khehrth

(19/83). Hmhpun isi Shsh` 11 RRM; ‐Mh`hjgh` igwh` ebfbntinfhn yhnf jbjhesh,Srbsimbn abrghe jbnbthpehnpbrhturhn pbjbrinthg sbahfhipbnffhnti unmhnf-unmhnf. Sbrhturhnpbjbrinthg itu ghrus jbnmhphtpbrsbtukuhn Mbwhn Sbrwhei`hn Qheyhtmh`hj pbrsimhnfhn yhnf abrieut. Kieh

JE ]imhe Aish Jbnfuki

Jhtbri SBQSR

Rki jhtbri (kumilih` rbvibw) tbrghmhp Sbrhturhn

Sbnffhnti Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor 8 ]hgun 138<

tbnthnf Sbruahghn Ebmuh Hths Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor

1= ]hgun 133< tbnthnf Jhgehjhg Eonstitusi (Sbrpu

JE) yhnf mitbraitehn o`bg Srbsimbn \AY phmh Ehjis

(86/83), timhe aish mi`heuehn. Sbrpu tbrsbaut ghnyh

mhpht mi-poìtilh` rbvibw hthu mi-`bfis`htivb rbvibw mi

MSQ. Ahgehn, isi pbrpu ini shnfht rb`bvhn mikhmiehn

unmhnf-unmhnf.

Srod Mr Jhgdum JMJhnthn Ebtuh JE




timhe jbnmhpht pbrsbtukuhn, jhehpbrhturhn pbjbrinthg itu ghrusmilhaut.‚

\b`hin itu, Jhgdum JM abrpbnmhphtJE timhe aish jb`heuehn pbnfukihnyumisih` hths pbrpu kieh abrehlh phmhShsh` 1=L Hyht (8) RRM 89=2 yhnfjbnyhthehn JE ghnyh jbnfukiunmhnf-unmhnf tbrghmhp RRM.

\blhrh `bnfehp Shsh` 1=L Hyht (8)RRM; ‐Jhgehjhg Eonstitusiabrwbnhnf jbnfhmiì phmhtinfeht pbrthjh mhn tbrhegir yhnfputushnnyh abrsidht nh` untuejbnfuki unmhnf-unmhnf tbrghmhpRnmhnf-Rnmhnf Mhshr, jbjutussbnfebth ebwbnhnfhn bjahfh nbfhrh

yhnf ebwbnhnfhnnyh miabriehn o`bgRRM, jbjutus pbjauahrhn phrthipoìtie, mhn jbjutus pbrsbìsighntbnthnf ghsi` pbjiìghn ujuj.‚

‐Kb`hs sbehì ahgwh Shsh` 1=L Hyht8 RRM jbnybaut jbnfuki unmhnf-unmhnf tbrghmhp RRM, auehnpbrpu,‚ tbfhs mih.

Ebnmhti mbjieihn, Jhgdum JMjbni`hi, sbsuhi mbnfhn RRM, pbrpusbkhtinyh miebùhrehn nbfhrh hphai`h

mh`hj ebhmhhn fbntinf auehn ehrbnhhmh gheij yhnf timhe jbjiìeiintbfriths jorh`.

@ofiehnyh, `hnkut mih, hphai`h pbrpumiebùhrehn mbnfhn h`hshn eorupsitbrkhmi mi tuaug `bjahfh nbfhrh JE,jheh tbntu hehn junlu` kufh pbrpu`hin yhnf jbnfhtur sbtihp `bjahfhnbfhrh hfhr eorupsi mhpht miabrhnths.Jish`nyh, hehn tbrait nhnti Sbrputbnthnf ebjbntbrihn, JSQ, MSQ,

MSQM mhn MSM yhnf nothabnbahnyhe eoruptornyh.

Ebmiethtorhn Eonstitusionh`

]brehit besistbnsi pbrpu, Vhei`Mbehn DG Rnivbrsths Htjhkhyh Khehrth, Mr Mhnib` Yusjil Shnlhsthei,jbjhphrehn `baig fhja`hnf mh`hjmisbrthsinyh abrkumu` ‚SbrhturhnSbjbrinthg Sbnffhnti Rnmhnf-

Rnmhnf (SBQSR) \uhtu Ehkihn mhriSbrsbpbetid Gueuj ]hth NbfhrhNorjh` mhn Gueuj ]hth NbfhrhMhrurht.‚

Mh`hj misbrthsi yhnf miprojotorio`bg Srod Mr Kij`y Hssgimmifib\G tbrsbaut, Mhnib` Yusjiljbnfbjuehehn ahgwh Shsh` 11yht (8) RRM 89=2 jbjabriehnebwbnhnfhn istijbwh ebphmh Srbsimbnuntue jbnbthpehn Sbrpu mh`hj ghìegwh` ebfbntinfhn yhnf jbjhesh,mbnfhn jbnfbnyhjpinfehn MSQyhnf jbnurut Shsh` 13 yht (8) RRM89=2 sbahfhi pbjbfhnf ebeuhshhnjbjabntue unmhnf unmhnf.\bkhe mitbthpehn, pbrpu `hnfsunf

jbjpunyhi ebeuhthn gueuj abr`heumhn besistbnsinyh ghnyh shjphimbnfhn pbrsimhnfhn MSQ yhnfabrieut.

Sbrpu, mh`hj ebnyhthhn jb`hgirehnnorjh gueuj ahru yhnf hehn mhphtjbnijauèhn sthtus gueuj ahru,guaunfhn gueuj ahru, mhn heiahtgueuj ahru. ‐\b`hjh ini, timhe hmhueurhn yhnf oakbetid ‐ebfbntinfhnyhnf jbjhesh‚, shnfht tbrfhntunfsuakbetiviths Srbsimbn,‚ unfehp Yusjil.

Reurhn oakbetid, `hnkutnyh, ahrumirujusehn o`bg JE mh`hj SutushnJE Nojor 8<7/SRR-TII/1339.Mh`hj prhetie, Shsh` 11 RRM 89=2timhe jbjiìei guaunfhn `hnfsunfmbnfhn ebhmhhn ahghyh, sbahfhijhnhmh`hj Shsh` 81 RRM 89=2, sbginffhmh`hj pbnffunhhn pbrpu timhepbrnhg miehitehn mbnfhn ebhmhhnmhrurht hthu ahghyh.

Gh` ini mhpht mijheùji, ehrbnh ruhnfìnfeup jhtbri yhnf mihtur mh`hj RRebhmhhn ahghyh tbrahths, sbjbnthrhshht ini, ebhmhhn mhrurht jbjiìeipbnfbrtihn yhnf ùhs, jbìputiabnlhnh h`hj, invhsi, pbjabronthehnjhssh`, ebehlhuhn jhsid, abnlhnhbeoòfi, whahg pbnyheit, tbrjhsueerisis ebuhnfhn hthu beonoji, yhnf

mhpht jbnfhnlhj besistbnsi nbfhrh(tbrghmhp `bjahfh nbfhrh mhnintbfriths tbritorih` sbauhg nbfhrh).

‐Mhri sbjuh Srbsimbn yhnf pbrnhgjbnffunhehn wbwbnhnf ini,jbnunkueehn dunfsi pbrpu timhe shkhsbahfhi pbnffhnti unmhnf-unmhnf,tbthpi kufh abrdunfsi jbnlhaut,jbruahg mhn jbnunmh abr`heunyhunmhnf unmhnf sbrth jbjabr`heuehnsurut suhtu unmhnf-unmhnf,‚ ehthmih.

‐@uhsnyh dunfsi pbrpu, sbrinfehìmikhmiehn kh`hn pinths yhnf bdbetidmhn shrhnh jb`hnffhr unmhnf-unmhnf sblhrh shg sbginffh mihnffhpsbahfhi lonstitutionh` milthtorsgip

(ebmiethtorhn eonstitusionh` “Qbm).‚

RRM 89=2 jbjabriehn ebeuhshhnyhnf shnfht abshr ebphmh prbsimbn.Sbruahghn jbnmhshr hths RRM 89=2timhe shkh jbnfurhnfi ebeuhshhn yhnfshnfht abshr mhn tbrpusht phmh Srbsimbn,tbthpi abrghsi` jbnfonstruesiehnebjahì suprhstruetur poìtieyhnf `baig mbjoerhtis sbginffh mihnthrh `bjahfh nbfhrh mhpht shìnfjbnfhwhsi mhn jbnfijahnfi sbsuhi

mbnfhn ‚lgble hnm ah`hnlbs systbj‚.\h`hg shtu ebwbnhnfhn yhnf miabriehnebphmh JE hmh`hg jbnfuki promue`bfis`htid (unmhnf-unmhnf) tbrghmhpRRM, tbthpi mh`hj ebnyhthhnnyhJE jbnhjahg ebwbnhnfhn sbnmiriyhitu mhpht jbni`hi pbrpu.

‐Sutushn JE ini jh`hgjb`hnffbnfehn ebmiethtorhn ehrbnhjbjabri bfitijhsi pbnffunhhn pbrpumhn mhpht mitbthpehn mh`hj ebhmhhn

norjh`,‚ ehth mih. ‐Shmhgh`, mhri 136pbrpu, sbahfihn abshr “ tbruthjh phmhjhsh Ormb @hjh “ mitbthpehn phmhshht eonmisi nbfhrh abrhmh mh`hjebhmhhn ahghyh, ahie sblhrh mb dhlto jhupun sblhrh mb kurb .‚

(TIL]OQ/IHN/mas)




@HSOQHN R]HJH

Srod Giejhghnto Kuwhnh \G, @@J, Sg.MFuru Abshr I`ju Gueuj Rnivbrsiths Inmonbsih /Hnffoth Mbwhn Eomb Btie JE

Institusi Gueuj Jhsig Mieuhshi

Jhnusih Euhìths Eb`hs Muh‐Gueuj hehn tbfhe ai`h jhnusih yhnf abreuhsh jb`heshnhehnnyh

jbjiìei intbfriths miri mhn eblhehphn gueuj‚

miju`hi ginffh shht ini pbnbfhehngueuj mi Inmonbsih jhsig shnfht khug mhri sbjhnfht rbdorjhsi. Itutbrìght mhri hphrhtur pbnbfhegueujnyh yhnf abùj jbnunkueehnintbfriths, ehphsiths, mhn ehphaiìthsyhnf mighrhpehn. Shmhgh`, shht inijbrbeh`hg yhnf jbnmumuei pos-pos pbntinf mi `bjahfh pbnbfhehngueuj.

Jbnurut Mbehn Dheu`ths GueujRnivbrsiths Inmonbsih pbriomb 133=“ 1337 ini, mi brh 63-hn ginffhpbrtbnfhghn 93-hn, ab`hkhr i`jugueuj auehn`hg piìghn stumi dhvoritphrh jhghsiswh. Shmh whetu itu, phrhpb`hkhr ùùshn tbrahie `baig jbjiìg

jhsue eb Hehmbji Jiìtbr hthuab`hkhr i`ju ebmoetbrhn, i`ju tbenie,mhn i`ju beonoji.

‚Ai`h ùùshn \JH timhe mitbrijhmi pbrfuruhn tinffi mbnfhn stumidhvorit jbrbeh, ahru`hg jbrbehmbnfhn tbrphesh jhsue eb dheu`thsgueuj. Heiahtnyh, mi Inmonbsih,orhnf-orhnf yhnf ab`hkhr gueujhmh`hg jbrbeh yhnf abrhmh mi eb`hsmuh hthu tifh, auehn eb`hs shtu,‚ ehth

Giejhghnto Kuwhnh ebphmh Jhkh`hgIN]BFQI]H\ hwh` Oetoabr 138<.

Mbjieihn pu`h, orhnf-orhnf yhnfjhsue institusi ebpoìshn hmh`hgjbrbeh yhnf sbabùjnyh tb`hg fhfh`mitbrijh jbnkhmi tbnthrh.

‚Ahgehn untue jbnkhmi poìsi jbrbehaish mitbrijh mbnfhn sthnmhr ùùshn

@bnfsbrnyh \obghrto mhriebeuhshhnnyh jbnkhmi ahaheahru sbkhrhg Inmonbsih. BrhQbdorjhsi yhnf abrghsi`

jbnujahnfehn ebeuhshhn Ormb

Ahru jbnijauèhn ghrhphn ahru. Yheni, pbruahghn mh`hj abrahnfshmhn abrnbfhrh, mhri lhrh `hjh h`h\obghrto yhnf miethtoris, mbnfhnththnhn ahru yhnf `baig ahie miabrahfhi aimhnf, tbrjhsue mh`hjaimhnf pbnbfhehn gueuj.

Furu abshr Gueuj RnivbrsithsInmonbsih Giejhghnto Kuwhnhabrpbnmhpht, sbkhe Brh Qbdorjhsi




\JH mhri kurushn IS\. Shmhgh`,ebtieh itu pbnffoònfhn siswh yhnfminyhthehn pinthr mhn timhe pinthrhmh`hg mhri pbjiìghn kurushn mi\JH. Yhnf jhsue kurushn ISHmiehtbforiehn siswh pinthr, sbmhnfehn

kurushn IS\ miehtbforiehn siswheurhnf pinthr. Jbseipun sbabnhrnyhgh` itu shnfht rb`htid,‚ ukhrnyh.

Sbnfhwhshn untue JbnlbfhgSbnyh hgfunhhn Ebeuhshhn

Shslhrbdorjhsi, sbabnhrnyh Inmonbsihsumhg abruphyh untue jbwukumehnsuprbjhsi gueuj itu sbnmiri, yhnfmithnmhi hmhnyh hjhnmbjbn RRM89=2 mbnfhn jbjhsueehn jbehnisjb

lgble hnm ah`hnlbs mh`hj jbnkh`hnehnebeuhshhn nbfhrh. Mh`hj eonstitusiyhnf tb`hg mihjhnmbjbn tbrsbaut,minyhthehn mbnfhn tbfhs ahgwhInmonbsih hmh`hg nbfhrh gueuj. Hrtinyh, ebeuhshhn nbfhrh mikh`hnehnsbsuhi mbnfhn gueuj mhn pbrhturhnpbrunmhnf-unmhnfhn.

Hjhnmbjbn RRM 89=2 kufhjb`hgirehn ababrhph `bjahfh tinffinbfhrh yhnf ahru, sbpbrti Eojisi

Yumisih` (EY) mhn JhgehjhgEonstitusi (JE). Muh `bjahfhtbrsbaut, jish`nyh, miabntue mbnfhnjhesum hfhr jbehnisjb lgblehnm ah`hnlbs mh`hj jb`heshnhehnebeuhshhn nbfhrh mhpht abrkh`hnsbahfhijhnh jbstinyh.

Hehn tbthpi, kustbru `hnfehg junmuryhnf tbrkhmi, ebtieh phmh 1334 JEjbjahthèhn phsh` pbnfhwhshntbrghmhp gheij eonstitusi yhnf mihtur

mi Rnmhnf- Rnmhnf Nojor 1= ]hgun133= tbnthnf Eojisi Yumisih`. \bkhepbjahth`hn itu, EY timhe abrwbnhnf`hfi untue jb`heuehn pbnfhwhshntbrghmhp phrh gheij eonstitusi.

Mbnfhn mbjieihn, JE yhnf misbautsbahfhi fuhrmihn lonstitutionh` kustbrutb`hg jbnfhnfehnfi jbehnisjb lgblehnm ah`hnlbs yhnf jbnkhmi sbjhnfht

mitbfheehnnyh suprbjhsi gueuj.

Giejhghnto jbnfhthehn,junlu`nyh jbehnisjb lgblehnm ah`hnlbs misbahaehn hmhnyheblurifhhn yhnf abshr mhri abrahfhi

pighe yhnf jbnybaut ai`h gheijmihwhsi o`bg gheij jheh timhe hehnhmh trhnsphrhnsi sbaha sbshjh jbrbehhehn shìnf jbnutup-nutupi dhethyhnf hmh. ‚\ituhsi itu milurifhi hehntbrkhmi hyhenyh mi jhsh \obghrto.‚

Gheij yhnf misbaut sbahfhi ukunftojahe mhn sbahfhi abntbnf tbrhegirmh`hj jbnbfheehn ebhmi`hn mijhsyhrheht, timhe tbrwukum, sbaha,ebnyhthhnnyh ahnyhe putushn gheij

yhnf mini`hi timhe jbjbnugi rhshebhmi`hn jhsyhrheht.

Jbnurut Giejhghnto, hmh sbkuj`hgdhetor yhnf jbnybahaehn putushngheij timhe jbjbnugi rhsh ebhmi`hnjhsyhrheht. Mhri ebtimheeonsistbnhnshtu gheij mbnfhn gheij `hin mh`hjjbjutus pbrehrh, hmhnyh pbrabmhhnpbnfbthguhn gueuj yhnf mijiìeio`bg jhsinf-jhsinf gheij, kufhjhrhenyh ehsus suhp mhn eorupsi mi

ìnfeunfhn `bjahfh pbrhmi`hn.

\bsunffugnyh, pbrahiehn mhnpbnbfhehn suprbjhsi gueuj ghrusmiju`hi mhri prosbs rberutjbn gheij.\b`hnkutnyh, pbrahiehn ebsbkhgtbrhhnmhn kbnkhnf ehrir ahfi phrh gheijtimhe ao`bg mihahiehn.

‚\behrhnf ini jbehnisjb pbnfhwhshntbrghmhp gheij ghrus tbrus mi`heuehnsblhrh eonsistbn thnph hegir. Nhg,

mi sini`hg ebjumihn junlu` imb-imbuntue jbjunluèhn `bjahfh yhnfinmbpbnmbn ju`hi mhri Eojpo`nhs,Eojisi Ebkheshhn mhn sbtbrusnyh,‚ukhr hnffoth Jhkbìs EbgorjhthnJE itu.

Sbnfhwhshn ghrus mi`heuehn sblhrhlbrjht. Sbrthnyhhnnyh, hphehgpbnfhwhshn itu mi`heuehn tbrghmhp

`bjahfh hthuehg pbnfhwhshntbrghmhp inmivimunyh?JbnurutGiejhghnto, lgble hnm ah`hnlb sabr`heu ebtieh mi`heuehn pbnfhwhshnhnthr `bjahfh. Ahfhijhnh `bjahfhyhnf shtu jbnfhwhsi `bjahfh yhnf

`hin.

Giejhghnto jbnkb`hsehn, miInmonbsih pbnfhwhshn tbrghmhp`bjahfh ebprbsimbnhn jbjhnfmi`heuehn o`bg MSQ, tbthpi sihphehgyhnf jbnfhwhsi MSQ? Jbjhnftimhe hmh `bjahfh yhnf jb`heuehnpbnfhwhshn tbrghmhp MSQ, tbthpiauehn abrhrti MSQ timhe aish mihwhsi.\baha, bjahfh itu aish mihwhsi sblhrh`hnfsunf o`bg jbmih jhssh, `bjahfh

swhmhyh jhsyhrheht, mhn hnffothjhsyhrheht itu sbnmiri.

‚Mbjieihn pu`h mbnfhn JH mhnJE, jbseipun timhe hmh `bjahfhyhnf jbnfhwhsi jbrbeh tbthpi aishmihwhsi o`bg jbmih mhn `bjahfhswhmhyh jhsyhrheht kufh,‚ ukhrnyh.

JE abrwbnhnf jbnfuki RnmhnfRnmhnf Sromue MSQ

Ebwbnhnfhn JE untue jb`heuehnpbnfukihn unmhnf-unmhnf yhnfmighsièhn o`bg MSQ tbrghmhpeonstitusi yhitu Rnmhnf RnmhnfMhshr 89=2, misbaut o`bg sbkuj`hgeh`hnfhn sbahfhi prosbs poìtietrhnshesionh`. MSQ yhnf sh`hg shtutufhsnyh jbjauht unmhnf-unmhnf kustru jbjabriehn ebwbnhnfhneb JE untue jbnfuki unmhnf-unmhnf yhnf miauht MSQ tbrsbauttbrghmhp RRM 89=2. Gh` itu

sbjhein jbnbfhsehn ahgwh `bjahfhMSQ jbjhnf shrht mbnfhn poìtietrhnshesionh`.

Giejhghnto sbtuku unmhnf-unmhnf yhnf miauht mi MSQ hmh`hgjbruphehn promue poìtie. ‚Ahfishyh, unmhnf-unmhnf yhnf mighsièhnmi MSQ itu auehn`hg sbsuhtu yhnfnbtrh`. \blhrh betrbj mhpht miehthehn




whrnh unmhnf-unmhnf hehn shnfhtabrfhntunf phmh sihph yhnf shht itujbnfuhshi phr`bjbn. Ai`h mieuhshio`bg Shrthi Mbjoerht jheh unmhnf-unmhnf hehn abrwhrnh airu. Ai`hmieuhshi o`bg SMIS hthu Foèhr hehn

abrwhrnh jbrhg hthu euninf. Initbrkhmi ehrbnh suhrh jhyoriths hehnjbjbnhnfehn p`htdorj poìtie sihphyhnf ghrus misuhrhehn.‚

\bghrusnyh, ahfi JE, suhtu unmhnf-unmhnf miahthèhn hthu timhe,abrmhshrehn pbrtijahnfhn hphehgghe-ghe mhshr mhri jhsyhrhehthmh yhnf mi`hnffhr hthu timhe o`bgunmhnf-unmhnf tbrsbaut.

‚\baha, Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Mhshr89=2 hmh`hg eontrhe sosih` hnthrhrheyht mbnfhn pbnfuhsh. Mh`hj ghìni, pbnfuhsh aish miebnh` mh`hj wukumnyh sbahfhi MSQ mhn Srbsimbnyhnf mhpht jbnfbùhrehn unmhnf-unmhnf,‚ kb`hs Giejhghnto.

Jbnurut Giejhghnto, ghrusmiwhsphmhi, aish shkh MSQ mhnSrbsimbn jbjauht RR yhnfabrtbnthnfhn mbnfhn eontrhe sosih`

hnthrh rheyht mbnfhn pbnfuhshsbahfhijhnh tbrtuhnf mh`hj RRM89=2. Mi sini`hg tufhs mhn pbrhn JE,untue jbjhstiehn hfhr ghe-ghe mhshrrheyht timhe hmh yhnf mi`hnffhr o`bgprbsimbn mhn MSQ ebtieh jb`hgirehnunmhnf-unmhnf.

‚Mh`hj eontbes mbjieihn jhehtimhe sbjuh phsh` mh`hj unmhnf-unmhnf yhnf mishjphiehn eb JEmhpht mi`heuehn uki jhtbri. JE timhe

sbghrusnyh jbnkhmi `bjahfh `bfis`htidsbtb`hg MSQ abrshjh prbsimbn,‚ kb`hsnyh.

Ehsus Hei`, Srbsbmbn ]braurue

Opbrhsi thnfehp thnfhn (O]]) yhnfmi`heuehn Eojisi SbjabrhnthshnEorupsi hthu ESE tbrghmhp EbtuhJE Hei` Jolgthr phmh jh`hj

1 Oetoabr `hù, hths mufhhnsuhp pbnyb`bshihn sbnfebth ghsi`pbjiùehmh mi abrahfhi mhbrhg,jbruphehn ijahs migi`hnfehnnyhphsh` pbnfhwhshn gheij eonstitusiyhnf jbnkhmi ebwbnhnfhn EY.

Ehsus suhp yhnf jbnijph Hei`tbrsbaut jbruphehn prbsbmbntbraurue mh`hj sbkhrhg ebththnbfhrhnInmonbsih phslhrbdorjhsi. Ebtuh JEyhnf ghrusnyh jbnkhfh tbfhenyheonsitusi kustru jb`heuehn suhtutinmhehn yhnf shnfht jbrufiehnmirinyh sbnmiri mhn nbfhrh. Mbnfhnmitbthpehnnyh Hei` sbahfhi tbrshnfehmh`hj ehsus itu, jbnkhmi pb`hkhrhnyhnf shnfht abrghrfh ahfi pbrkh`hnhn

ebththnbfhrhhn Inmonbsih.

Hths prbsbmbn tbraurue phslhrbdorjhsi tbrsbaut, Srbsimbn \AYsb`heu Ebph`h Nbfhrh QbpuaìeInmonbsih jbrbsponnyh mbnfhnjbnfbùhrehn pbrhturhn pbnffhntiunmhnf-unmhnf (pbrpu) untuejbnyb`hjhtehn ebabrhmhhn mhn wiahwh JE mi jhth jhsyhrheht mhnmunih yhnf mihnffhpnyh mihjahnfebghnlurhn.

Sbrpu ]imhe ]br`hù Rrfbn

\behìpun timhe sbkh`hn mbnfhnlhrh phnmhnf Srbsimbn mh`hjjbnfbùhrehn Sbrpu JE itu,Giejhghnto jbnfhthehn tbthpjbnfgorjhti siehp yhnf mihjai`prbsimbn itu. ‚Jbnfinfht pbrpu tb`hgebùhr tbntu eith ghrus gorjht.‚

Hehn tbthpi, mbnfhn miebùhrehnnyh

Sbrpu JE itu jbnurut mih kustrujb`hgirehn pbnhdsirhn ahru tbnthnftoòe ueur ebhmhhn fbntinf/mhrurht/jbjhesh sbahfhi prhsyhrhtmiebùhrehnnyh sbauhg pbrpu. ‚Ini(miebùhrehnnyh Sbrpu JE) jbnkhmiprbsbmbn aurue.‚

Jbnurut Giejhghnto, Sbrpu JEyhnf miebùhrehn Srbsimbn itu jh`hg

hehn jbnijauèhn ebeghwhtirhn mijhsh jbnmhthnf ahgwh Srbsimbn aishmbnfhn jumhgnyh jbnfbùhrehnSbrpu abrmhshrehn hrfujbnthsisuaybetid Srbsimbn mh`hj jbjauhtmbdbnisi eonmisi fbntinf/mhrurht/

jbjhesh hths sbauhg situhsiebththnbfhrhhn yhnf tbrkhmi.

\bjish`, shht ini hphehg piìghnjbnfbùhrehn pbrpu sumhg tbphtmh`hj rhnfeh pbnyb`hjhthn JE? Hphehg shtu orhnf eorupsi hthujbnbrijh suhp mi suhtu `bjahfhjbnfghrusehn Srbsimbn jbnfbùhrehnpbrpu? Ahfhijhnh kieh Srbsimbnsbnmiri mimufh jbnbrijh suhp,hphehg Srbsimbn hehn jbnfbùhrehn

pbrpu? Ahfhijhnh kufh ai`h sh`hg shtuSijpinhn ESE mimufh jbnbrijhsuhp, hphehg hehn miebùhrehnpbrpu?

‚\hyh abrthnyh-thnyh hphehg pbrpumiebùhrehn ehrbnh Srbsimbn sumhgjbrhsh fbrhg mbnfhn ebabrhmhhnJE. Fbrhg, ehrbnh ahnyhe unmhnf-unmhnf yhnf miahthèhn o`bg JE.Fbrhg kufh ehrbnh JE jbruphehnpbnbntu ghsi` hegir mhri pbjiùehmh,ahgehn pi`prbs? ]bntu ini jbruphehneblurifhhn shyh shkh mhn ao`bg khmieblurifhhn yhnf timhe jbjiìeimhshr,‚ phphrnyh.

Giejhghnto jbni`hi JE sbnmiriabùj jbjautugehn pbrpu tbrsbaut.]imhe tbpht. ‚Mi Inmonbsih, pbnfhjaièbaikhehn ghrus ahnyhe ab`hkhr, suphyhphnmhi jbnfimbntiehsi jhsh`hgyhnf junlu` mhn ebjumihn jbjabri

oaht hthu phnsbh-nyh yhnf tbpht, hfhrjbjpbro`bg ghsi` yhnf mighrhpehn. Khnfhn hsh` jhin ebùhrehn pbrpumonf .‚

Hnmrbhs




Jbnurut Drhns, ebsh`hghnini misbahaehn sbkhe JEabrmiri lhrh rberutjbn

gheij ebìru. Eonsbp rberutjbngheij eonstitusi sbehrhnf mimhshrehnphmh khthg yhnf jbwheiì tifh`bjahfh, yhitu lhòn mhri MbwhnSbrwhei`hn Qheyht (MSQ), prbsimbn,mhn Jhgehjhg Hfunf (JH).

Sbrsoh`hnnyh, gheij mhri lhòn mhriphrthi poìtie tbntu hehn rhwhn eonfiieebpbntinfhn ehrbnh hmh fhris phrthi.\bahienyh lhòn untue posisi gheijeonstitusi mhri khùr inmbnpbnmbn mhnijphrsih` mhn auehn poìtisi. Gheij

ghrus punyh rbehj kbkhe yhnf abrsig, kukur, hgì, mhn eonsistbn.

Intbfriths mhn Qbehj KbkheEuhìths mhn intbfriths shnfht pbntinf. Hei` Jolgthr hmh`hg lontog auetifhfh`nyh sistbj rberutjbn sbehrhnfyhnf timhe jbjbtinfehn intbfrithsmhn inmbpbnmbnsi lhòn gheijeonstitusi. Hei` kb`hs ehmbr phrthi,Shrthi Foèhr.

Mi nbfhrh sumhg jhku t hnm propbrtbst timhe mi`heuehn tbrghmhp lhòngheij. Yhnf mi`heuehn hmh`hg bvhùhsijbnfbnhi intbfriths, ebkukurhn,eonsistbn, mhn jorh` phrh lhòn.Ahgehn, rbehj kbkhe phrh gheijmh`hj jbjauht putushn-putushnmini`hi o`bg tij hgì yhnf tbrmiri mhrihehmbji mhn gheij-gheij sbnior

yhnf jbjiìei intbfriths tinffi.

\bghrusnyh, itu`hg yhnf mi`heuehno`bg sbjuh pighe ebtijahnf jbjiìgmhri lhòn-lhòn phrthi poìtie yhnffhfh` toth` ehrbnh hìhsi poìtie mhnebpbntinfhn phrthi.

Sbrpu ]imhe SbrùSrbsimbn \usiò Ahjahnf Yumgoyono,mh`hj jbnyiehpi pbrsoh`hn yhnfjbjabìt JE, sbabnhrnyh timhe pbrùjbnfbùhrehn pbrhturhn pbnffhntiunmhnf-unmhnf hthu pbrpu. Yhnfmipbrùehn hmh`hg pbjabnhghnrberutjbn gheij.

Ahfhijhnh prodbsi gheij mhphtjbnhrie ahfi phrh ùùshn shrkhnhgueuj jumh yhnf pinthr hthuùùshn nojor whgim (luj`humb ),itu`hg tufhs abrshjh pbjbrinthg mhnphrh hehmbjisi ehrbnh eblbnmbrunfhnsbehrhnf prodbsi pbnbfhe gueujeurhnf jbnmhpht pbrghtihn uthjhphrh pbnbrus ahnfsh.

Qbjunbrhsi yhnf mitbrijh phrh

gheij, yhnf ni`hinyh timhe abfituabshr untue ueurhn mhn ebautughn mizhjhn sbehrhnf, shrkhnh gueuj tbntu`baig tbrthrie jbnkhmi pbnfhlhrh hthu`hwybr ebtijahnf jbnkhmi gheijehrbnh khjinhn gimupnyh `baigtbrkhjin. Shmhgh`, jbnkhmi gheij`baig prbstisius.

Gbnmrie

MQ Drhns Gbnmrh VinhrthEbtuh Rjuj MSS SBQHMIN

Inmonbsih

Jisein Sbnbfhe Gueuj yhnf Abrintbfriths

Sbrnyhthhn ebrhs

mhn thkhj `hnfsunf

miuthrhehn o`bg

pbnfhlhrh sbnior yhnf

eini jbnkhaht Ebtuh

Rjuj MSS SBQHMIN, Mr

Drhns Gbnmrh Vinhrth,

tbrehit tbrthnfehpnyh

Ebtuh Jhgehjhg

Eonstituti Hei` Joltghr

mh`hj opbrhsi thnfehp

thnfhn (O]]) yhnf

mi`heuehn ESE mirujhgnyh, ehwhshn

Vimyhlhnmrh, Khehrth

\b`hthn.




@HSOQHN R]HJH

Bvh \unmhri Hnffoth Eojisi III MSQ

\b`besi Sbjijpin@bjahfh NbfhrhJhsig @bjhg

Jhsig infht ebtieh Ahmhn SbjbrieshEbuhnfhn jbnfbùhrehn pbrnyhthhnahgwh prhetie eorupsi yhnf jhrhetbrkhmi miairoerhsi pbjbrinthghnehrbnh eontro` mh`hj intbrnh` shnfht`bjhg, hrtinyh jbjhnf misbnfhkh,‚ulhp Bvh.

@hnths, ahfhijhnh phnmhnfhnnyhsoh` sistbj rberutjbn lhòn gheijmi Inmonbsih, Bvh abrpbnmhpht,

prosbs pbrberuthn gheij itu jbjhnftbr`bthe phmh phrh pijpinhnnyh.

‚Kieh prosbs pbrberuthn itu mikh`hnehnmbnfhn ahie mhn trhnsphrhn, shyhyhein jbnfghsièhn gheij yhnfahie pu`h. Eh`hupun hmh sborhnflhòn gheij yhnf ebjhjpuhnhehmbjisinyh sbmhnf-sbmhnf shkh,tbthpi sbtb`hg mimimie mh`hj aumhyhpbnmimiehn gheij mhn eu`tur yhnfahie, shyh yhein mih hehn jbnkhmi

gheij yhnf ahie.

\bahìenyh, eh`hu hmh sborhnf lhòngheij yhnf phnmhi thpi mih jhsuemh`hj pbnmimiehn gheij mhn eu`turyhnf the ahie, jheh miphstiehn mihhehn jbnkhmi gheij yhnf khght.‚

Abfitu kufh sistbj mi Jhgehjhg Hfunf (JH), kufh hehn jbjbnfhrugi

B vh \unmhri, hnffothMSQ Eojisi III mhriDrhesi SMI Sbrkuhnfhn,jbnfhthehn,tbrthnfehpnyh

Ebtuh Jhgehjhg Eonstitusijbnhjphr whkhg pbnbfhehn gueujeith.

‚\hyh pieir, ebtieh einbrkh pbnbfhehngueuj ghnyh abrkh`hn mi tbjpht,jheh sumhg aish shyh prbmiesi

jbnfghjaht mbjoerhsi yhnf sbmhnfabrkh`hn mhn the aish jhsue phmh gh`yhnf suathnsih`,‚ ehthnyh.

Jbnurut mih, sb`hjh ini intbfrithsphrh pbnbfhe gueuj jbruphehnpbnybaha mhn gh` ini mieonrjhsio`bg stumi pbrsbpsi soh` intbfriths,ahgwh `bjahfh pbnbfhe gueujjbnbjphti posisi tbrbnmhg (abrshjhMSQ).

‚Jbjhnf ironis, ebtieh ahnyhepbkhaht `bjahfh pbnbfhe gueujabrehjphnyb hntieorupsi, sbahaeorupsi itu sujabr ebjiseinhn,nyhthnyh jbrbeh sbnmiri eorup.Jirisnyh, prhetie pbjabrhnthshneorupsi pun hfhe suìt mi`heuehnehrbnh aumhyh eorupsi sumhg shnfhtjbnfhehr shjphi eb guù.

Bvh \unmhri, hnffoth

MSQ Eojisi III mhri

Drhesi SMI Sbrkuhnfhn,

jbnfhthehn,

tbrthnfehpnyh Ebtuh

Jhgehjhg Eonstitusi

jbnhjphr whkhg

pbnbfhehn gueuj

eith.




rberutjbn, eh`hu tbrkhmi EEN,sbginffh abrmhjphe phmh the hmhebhmi`hn.

]brthnfehpnyh Ebtuh JE Hei`Jolgthr o`bg ESE, auehn ehrbnhMSQ jbòòsehn Hei` `bwht t hnm propbr tbst mi MSQ. \b`hjh ini MSQahnyhe jbnmhpht eblhjhn mhn

eritiehn ahgwh MSQ timhe jbjiìglhòn pbjijpin `bjahfh nbfhrhsblhrh prodbsionh`, oribnthsinyh ghnyhphmh òai-òai poìtie trhnshesionh`shkh.

Jbjhnf, shjphi sbehrhnf MSQabùj jbnfghsièhn pbjijpin`bjahfh nbfhrh yhnf abreuhìths.MSQ kufh timhe jbjiìei h`ht yhnflhnffig untue jbnmbtbesi hphehglhòn tbrsbaut, abreojitjbn untue

tbrghmhp pbjabrhnthshn eorupsi.

Hehn tbthpi, auehn abrhrti mh`hjpbjiìghn lhòn pbjijpin `bjahfhitu abrmhshrehn trhnshesi uhnf hthu kufh abrmhshrehn soìmhriths ehrbnhsbshjh ehmbr phrthi poìtie. \behìpuntimhe kufh tbrtutup ebjunfeinhn hmhtrhnshesi poìtie yhnf mi`heuehn phrhoenuj bìtb poìtie.

Bvh abrghrhp, eb mbphnnyh mh`hjprosbs pbjiìghn lhòn pbjijpin`bjahfh nbfhrh `baig sb`betid.

Lhòn pbjijpin `bjahfh nbfhrh

ghrus jbnfintbfrhsiehn pbrspbetidhntieorupsi. Jish`nyh, mbnfhnjbnybrthehn dheu`ths psieoòfi mhnESE hfhr tbs psieoòfi sborhnf lhònpbkhaht puaìe aish mimihfnosis potbnsiintbfrithsnyh mh`hj pbjabrhnthshneorupsi.

‚\hyh pieir, kieh eb mbphnnyh sb`besipijpinhn `bjahfh nbfhrh `baig

ebtht, jheh ehphsiths poìtie MSQ,prbsimbn, JH, `baig heunthab` kiehmiehitehn mbnfhn uphyh eith untuejbjabrhnths eorupsi.

Hrtinyh, tij sb`besi untue sgort ìst eb MSQ, tbrjhsue rbeojbnmhsitbrghmhp soh` intbfriths mhn eojitjbnhntieorupsi mhri phrh lhòn,‚ ukhrnyh.

Hnmrbhs

]brthnfehpnyh Ebtuh

JE Hei` Jolgthr o`bg

ESE, auehn ehrbnh MSQ

jbòòsehn Hei` `bwht t

hnm propbr tbst mi MSQ. \b`hjh ini MSQ ahnyhe

jbnmhpht eblhjhn mhn

eritiehn ahgwh MSQ timhe

jbjiìg lhòn pbjijpin

`bjahfh nbfhrh sblhrh

prodbsionh`, oribnthsinyh

ghnyh phmh òai-òai

poìtie trhnshesionh` shkh.




@HSOQHN R]HJH

Mbnfhn miebùhrehnnyh pbrputbrsbaut, pbnfhwhshn tbrghmhp JEmi`heuehn o`bg Eojisi Sbnfhwhshnyhnf miabntue EY mbnfhn JEsbginffh sistbj lgble hnm ah`hnlbs aish abrkh`hn mbnfhn ahie. Mi shjpinfpbnfhwhshn, sistbj rberuitjbn punsumhg jhein ebtht mhn tbraueh.

‐Mhri sbfi pbjauhthn, pbrpu tbrsbautrbnthn timhe misbtukui o`bg MSQ,‚ehth @ombwike ebphmh Jhkh`hgIN]BFQI]H\ .

Sbrigh` mhrurht yhnf jbnkhmi syhrhtmiebùhrehnnyh pbrpu, jbnurut@ombwike sumhg jbjbnugi. RntueJE, unsur ebhmhhn mhrurht sumhgtbrpbnugi, mbnfhn tbrthnfehpthnfhnnyh Ebtuh JE Hei` Jolgthr.Gheij-gheij eonstitusi yhnf hinnyhghrus misb`besi u`hnf.

‐Ehrbnh auehn timhe junfein gheijeonstitusi `hinnyh timhe tbrìaht. Hei`

timhe junfein ’abrjhin’ sbnmiri,‚thnmhs @ombwike.

]brehit mbnfhn gh` iegwh` fbntinfyhnf misbaut mi eonstitusi sbahfhimhshr pbjauhthn pbrpu, @ombwikejbnfhthehn, nbfhrh eith timhe ghrusjbnfieuti ebaihshhn ebththnbfhrhhnyhnf abr`heu mi nbfhrh `hin, ehrbnhInmonbsih jbjiìei ebmhu`hthnsbnmiri. Khmi, pbjbrinthg eith sbnmiri

aish jbnbntuehn gh` iegwh` fbntinfyhnf abrabmh mbnfhn ebaihshhnebththnbfhrhhn yhnf tbrkhmi mi nbfhrh-nbfhrh yhnf `hin.

@hnkut @ombwike, JE phmh shhtmipijpin o`bg Kij`y Hssgimiqqibjbnfghpus phsh` pbnfhwhshn gheijeonstitusi mi RR EY. Kij`y timhejhu mihwhsi o`bg EY ehrbnh mihsbnmiri prodbsor mhn yhnf jbnfhwhsishrkhnh.

‐]imhe hmhnyh pbnfhwhshn gheijeonstitusi jbruphehn ebsh`hghn yhnf

miauht o`bg Kij`y sbahfhi Ebtuh JEphmh shht itu.‚

JE phmh jhsh Kij`y sbahfhi ebtuh,@ombwike jbnfheui sosoe Kij`y ituhmh`hg sosoe yhnf abrsig, hfhjhnyheuht, sbginffh JE phmh shht itujhsig abrsig. Hehn tbthpi, Kij`ytimhe jbjieirehn JE untuefbnbrhsi sb`hnkutnyh. O`bg ehrbnh itu,

tbrthnfehp thnfhnnyh Ebtuh JE Hei`Jolgthr timhe jbjauht @ombwikeehfbt ehrbnh timhe hmh `hfi eontro`jbehnisjb lgble hnm ah`hnlbs miJE.

]brehit mbnfhn pbnfukihn pbrpu miJE, @ombwike jbnfhthehn, pbrputimhe aish miuki mi JE. Sbrpu yhnfmiebùhrehn o`bg Srbsimbn ghrusjbnmhphtehn pbrsbtukuhn mhri MSQebjumihn ahru aish miuki mi JE.

\bsuhi mbnfhn Shsh` 1=L HjhnmbjbnRRM 89=2, ebwbnhnfhn JE itujbìputi jbnfhmiì phmh tinfehtpbrthjh mhn tbrhegir yhnf putushnnyhabrsidht nh` untue jbnfuki unmhnf-

unmhnf tbrghmhp Rnmhnf-RnmhnfMhshr, jbjutus sbnfebth ebwbnhnfhn`bjahfh nbfhrh yhnf ebwbnhnfhnnyhmiabriehn o`bg Rnmhnf-RnmhnfMhshr, jbjutus pbjauahrhn phrthipoìtie mhn jbjutus pbrsbìsighntbnthnf ghsi` pbjiìghn ujuj.

‚Khmi, isi mhri Sbrpu JE yhnfmiebùhrehn o`bg Srbsimbn abr`heusbkhe thnffh` mitbthpehnnyh pbrputbrsbaut shjphi jbnmhphtehn`bfis`htivb rbvibw mi MSQ untue

ebjumihn mishgehn sbahfhi unmhnf-unmhnf,‚ tbfhs Qbetor RnivbrsithsErisnhmwiphyhnh tbrsbaut.

‚Hphai`h pbrpu miuki mi JE, jhehpbnfukihn tbrsbaut ghrus mito`he mhnahth` mbji gueuj,‚ ehth @ombwikejbnfhegiri whwhnlhrh, 16 Oetoabr`hù. ●

Tiltor/Ihn

DH]H@, Gi`hnfehn Jbehnisjb

Lgble hnm Ah`hnlbs mh`hjJbnyb`bnffhrhehn Ebeuhshhn Nbfhrh

Mr. @ombwike, \G. JG. Hehmbjisi

Mhri sisi jhtbri, Sbrpu tbnthnf Jhgehjhg Eonstitusi

sumhg ahfus ehrbnh sbkhe JE jbjahthèhn phsh`

pbnfhwhshn mi Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Eojisi Yumisih`,

prhetis timhe hmh `hfi pbnfhwhshn tbrghmhp gheij

eonstitusi.

‐]imhe hmhnyh

pbnfhwhshn gheij

eonstitusi jbruphehn

ebsh`hghn yhnf miauht

o`bg Kij`y sbahfhi Ebtuh

JE phmh shht itu.‚




Mhdthr Sbjiìg ]bthp Abùj Jhnthp

Sbrsihphn Jhsig ’Misihpehn’,Sbjiù 138= Hph Iyh Aish 9 Hpri`

Eojisi Sbjiìghn Rjuj

(ESR) sumhg jbnbthpehn9 Hpri` thgun mbphn

sbahfhi ghri pbnloaòshn

Sbjiù 138=.

Hph, iyh aish?

\hyhnfnyh, pbrsihphn mhn

thghphn Sbjiù 138=

jhsig aoònf-aoònf. ESRtbrlhtht sumhg ababrhph ehì

jbnfunmurehn pbnfujujhn mhhr

pbjiìg tbthp (MS]). Shmhgh`, MS]

hmh`hg sh`hg shtu phtoehn pbnnf

pb`heshnhhn pbjiù yhnf mbjoerhs,

sbahfhijhnh mimbnfunf-mbnfunfehn

sbjuh instrujbn ebththnbfhrhhn.

Sbrthjh ESR jbnfunmurehn

pbnfujujhn MS] phmh 8< \bptbjabr

138<. H`hshnnyh, mhth pbjiìg yhnf

mirbehp ESR abùj jbnf-lovbr sbùrug

pbnmumue yhnf abrghe jbnloaòs.Sbrahiehn MS] itu pun misbtukui o`bg

Mbwhn Sbrwhei`hn Qheyht jb`hùi

Eojisi II abrshjh Ahmhn Sbnfhwhs

Sbjiù (Ahwhsù) untue mipbrahiei

mhn ebjahì hehn miujujehn phmh =

Oetoabr 138<.

Ginffh ghri yhnf mitbntuehn,

yheni = Oetoabr 138<, `bjahfh yhnf

eini mipijpin Gusni Ehji` Jhnie itu

\OQO]HN




\OQO]HN

mhe kufh aish jbjbnugi khmwh`

pbnfujujhn MS]. Hegirnyh, ebjahì

mihjai` `hnfehg jbnfunmurehn

pbnfujujhn MS] nhsionh` ginffh 8<

Oetoabr 138<, ebjumihn miunmur `hfi

eb 1< Oetoabr 138<.

]iah 1< Oetoabr, pbnfujujhnMS] mhe kufh mi`heuehn. ESR ebjahì

jbnfunmurehn pbnfujujhn jbnkhmi

= Novbjabr. Ehì ini, h`hshn yhnf

miebjuehehn ESR hmh`hg hmhnyh

pbrjinthhn mhri phrthi-phrthi poìe

pbsbrth Sbjiù 138=, yheni hfhr

rbeojbnmhsi yhnf mishjphiehn

Ahwhsù tbnthnf pbrahiehn ebjahì

MS] mi`heshnhehn.

‚Ehji hehn jbninmhe`hnku

rbeojbnmhsi Ahmhn Sbnfhwhs Sbjiù,

yheni jb`heshnhehn gh`-gh` yhnf jhsigeurhnf,‚ ukhr Ebtuh ESR Gusni Ehji`

Jhnie shht jbjahlhehn ebputushn

rhpht p`bno tbraueh mi Fbmunf ESR, 1<

Oetoabr 138<.

Hmhpun rbeojbnmhsi Ahwhsù

yhnf mishjphiehn `hnfsunf o`bg Ebtuh

Ahwhsù, Jughjjhm, hnthrh `hin

jbjinth ESR jb`heuehn pbnlbrjhthn

u`hnf tbrghmhp MS] yhnf hehn

mitbthpehn, sb`hjaht-`hjahtnyh =

Novbjabr.

Mh`hj jb`heuehn pbnlbrjhthn

mhth itu, ESR pbrù jb`heuehn (h)

pbnlhauthn surht Nojor 634/ESR/

W/138< mhn jb`heuehn pbnlbrjhthn

u`hnf tbrghmhp MS] yhnf sumhg

mitbthpehn mbnfhn jbìahtehn stheb

go`mbr tbrehit, sbpbr pbnfhwhs pbjiù

mhn phrthi poìe5 (a) ESR jbnyusun

mhhr pbnhjahghn hthu pbnfurhnfhn

nhjh phmh mhth pbjiìg absbrth

h`hshnnyh mh`hj sbhp thghphn

pbjuthegirhn mhth. Mbnfhn mbjieihn

pighe tbrehit jbnfbthgui sblhrh kb`hsjbnfhph tbrkhmi pbrfbsbrhn mhth5 (l)

ESR jb`heuehn pbnybsuhihn Nojor

Inmue Ebpbnmumuehn phmh mhth

pbjiìg untue jbjbnugi ebtbntuhn

Shsh` << Hyht 1 Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf

Nojor 7 ]hgun 1381, mbnfhn doeus

pbnfisihn NIE ahfi pbjiìg yhnf abùj

jbjiìei NIE, mhn jbnybsuhiehn mhth

NIE yhnf jhsig abrjhsh`hg5 (m) ESR

jbjpbrghehn mhth-mhth tbjuhn

Ahwhsù, sbahfhijhnh tbr`hjpir mh`hj

jb`heuehn pbnlbrjhthn MS] yhnf

hehn mitbthpehn.

Jbnhnffhpi pbrjinthhn phrthi

poìe itu, Ebtuh ESR Gusni Ehji`

Jhìe jbnfhthehn, ‚Eh`hu jbnyhnfeut

mhth, ehji ghrus jbnfhmu mbnfhnmhth yh. Khmi mhe aish shtu mhth itu

mhe sbijahnf ebjumihn mi`heuehn

pbrahnminfhn. Ehrbnh, sidht mhth shnfht

tbenis.‚

Gusni jb`hnkutehn, ESR sbnmiri

sbabnhrnyh sumhg abrbnlhnh

jb`heuehn pbnyhnminfhn mhth sb`hjh

muh jinffu tbrmhguù. O`bg ehrbnh itu,

ih jbjhsehn mhth mi simhìg sumhg

heurht. Gusni jbnfe`hij, ebeurhnfhn

eb`bnfehphn mhth mi simhìg ghnyh

jbnlhphi bjpht pbrsbn shkh. Shmhgh`,sb`hjh jhsh-jhsh pbnunmhhn mhn

rbehpitu hsi mhth pbjiìg itu, ESR sbrinf

ehì jbnffb`hr rhpht-rhpht tbrtutup

mbnfhn phrthi pbsbrth pbjiù. Rphyh itu

misbaut sbahfhi `hnfehg jbjuùsehn

ebrkh ESR untue jbnyusun MS].

ESR kufh sumhg jbnffb`hr rhpht

mbnfhr pbnmhpht abrshjh Ahwhsù mhn

Eojisi II MSQ thpi ghsi`nyh nigi`. Ebrkh-

ebrkh jbrbeh mini`hi ghnyh jbnfghsièhn

ojonf eosonf, sbaha pbnfunmurhn

pbnfujujhn MS] nhsionh` tbthp mhetbr`heshnh.

Gusni Ehji` Jhnie jbjababrehn

sbkuj`hg mhth abrjhsh`hg yhnf mijiìei

`bjahfh yhnf mipijpinnyh itu. Jbnurut

mih, ebeurhnfhn eb`bnfehphn mhth MS]

itu ebli`, eurhnf mhri shtu pbrsbn shkh.

Shmh hwh`nyh, hmh 13,< kuth pbjiìg

yhnf tbrmbtbesi abrjhsh`hg, mhn mhe

sbsuhi mbnfhn pbrsyhrhthn mh`hj Shsh`

<1 Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor 7 ]hgun

1381. ESR ebjumihn jbnfo`hg mhth

tbrsbaut mi sistbj mhhr indorjhsipbjiìg hthu simhìg.

\btb`hg ababrhph ghri, mhth

abrjhsh`hg tbrsbaut jbnyusut.

Jish`nyh, untue vhrihab` pbrthjh, mhth

yhnf jhsig minyhthehn nigi` hmh`hg

ebtbrhnfhn kbnis eb`hjin.

‚Ini shnfht sbnsid, mhth jhsig

eosonf 7.=78 orhnf. Yhnf tbrahnyhe

tbrmhpht mi \ujhtbrh \b`hthn, sbahnyhe

6.743,‚ phphrnyh.

Ebjumihn tbrmbtbesi mhth

abrjhsh`hg `hin, yheni thnffh` `hgir

yhnf jhsig eosonf, sbeithr <4<.<99

orhnf hthu 3,1 pbrsbn mhri toth` MS].

Yhnf ebfh, mhth abrjhsh`hg mi sthtus

ehwin.

‚Yhnf tbrmbtbesi jhsig eosonf

79.9<= pbjiìg,‚ ehthnyh.

Yhnf ebbjpht, mhth nigi`. Mi mh`hj

ebtbrhnfhn, mhth abùj ehwin ahfi

jbrbeh yhnf ujurnyh mi ahwhg 86

thgun, mhth yhnf jhsig nigi` sbkuj`hg

<.61= pbjiìg.

Mbnfhn pbrebjahnfhn mhth yhnf

mbjieihn, sbehìpun pbrsbnthsbnyh

mhe shjphi shtu pbrsbn, jhsig

hmh mhth yhnf nigi`, yhnf sbabnhrnyhsblhrh dhetuh` pbjiìgnyh hmh. ]hpi,

eb`bnfehphn moeujbnnyh jhsig

abrjhsh`hg, kieh jbnfhlu ebphmh Shsh`

<1 Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor 7 ]hgun

1381.

\babùjnyh, Ahwhsù jbjababr-

ehn sbkuj`hg tbjuhn mhhr pbjiìg

abrjhsh`hg. H`hshn ini`hg yhnf

jbnkhmi sbnkhth ahfi phrthi-phrthi

poìe untue jbjbnthgehn rbnlhnh

ESR jbnfbshgehn MS] nhsionh` phmh

1< Oetoabr 138<.

Ebtuh Ahwhsù Jughjjhm

jbnfhthehn, mh`hj Shsh` << Hyht 1

Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor 7 ]hgun 1381

minyhthehn ahgwh MS] phìnf sbmieit

jbjuht NIE, nhjh, thnffh` `hgir,

kbnis eb`hjin, mhn h`hjht VNI yhnf

jbjpunyhi ghe piìg. Nhjun, mh`hj

pbnyusunhn mhth pbjiìg, Ahwhsù

jbnbjuehn mhth ahgwh jhsig

tbrmhpht pbjiìg abrjhsh`hg sblhrh

hmjinisthsi ebpbnmumuehn.

Mi Hlbg, jish` nyh, jhsig tbrmhpht

<.862 mhth pbjiìg yhnf abrjhsh`hg

sblhrh hmjinstrhd. Ebjumihn MEI

Khehrth sbahnyhe 881.1=4 mhth pbjiìg

abrjhsh`hg sblhrh hmjinistrhd. Kufh mi

mhbrhg Shpuh, jhsig tbrmhpht <=3.313

mhth pbjiìg yhnf abrjhsh`hg sblhrh

hmjinistrhd.




Jbrbeh yhnf ]brhahiehn

Ebehlhuhn pbnmhthhn pbjiìg itu

`baig tbrhsh mi nfeht ahwhg. Shrh

pbnyhnmhnf lhlht hthu pbnyhnmhnf

mishaiìths mhe tbr-lovbr sblhrh

opjh` mh`hj MS]. Khnfhnehn jbnf-

lovbr mhth pbnyhnmhnf mishaiìths misbùrug Inmonbsih, mi iau eoth nbfhrh

shkh jbrbeh shnfht khug mhri pbrghhn

pbnyb`bnffhrh pbjiù.

Yusmihnh, sborhnf pbrbjpuhn

pbnyhnmhnf mishaiìths, jish`nyh,

infin jbnfhkuehn protbs ebphmh

pbnyb`bnffhrh pbjiù, miehrbnhehn

ahnyhe ebùghn mhri rbehn-rbehnnyh

sbshjh pbnyhnmhnf mishaiìths mhe

mimhth sbahfhi pbsbrth pbjiù. ‚Abfitu

ahnyhe phrh pbnyhnmhnf mishaiìths

yhnf mhe tbrmhhr mh`hj MS]. Sbtufhspun mhe jbnmhthnfi. Ehji pun

shnfht jinij jbnmhpht indorjhsi mhn

pbrebjahnfhnnyh mhri pbnyb`bnffhrh

pbjiù.‚

Mih abrghrhp phrh pbnyhnmhnf

mishaiìths mhe miaihrehn abfitu shkh.

\iehp pbnyb`bnffhrh pbjiù yhnf

tbrebshn lube mhn mhe jhu thgu

itu aish jbrhjphs ghe eonstusi

phrh pbnyhnmhnf mishaiìths mh`hj

ebieutsbrthhn mh`hj pbjiù. ‚Ehji

kufh abr-ghe mh`hj jbnbntuehn piìghnehji, yhnf hehn jbjpbrkuhnfehn

hspirhsi ehji.‚

Kieh jbjhnf jhsig jbjunfeinehn,

jbrbeh abrghrhp aish jhsue MS].

Yusmihnh sumhg jbnfh`hji sbrhnfhn

poìo sbkhe jhsig ahìth. Eonmisi itu yhnf

jbnybahaehn pbrbjpuhn eb`hgirhn

Nush ]bnffhrh Ahrht (N]A) itu mhe

aish abrkh`hn norjh`. Ebmuh eheinyh

jbnfbli` mhn ghrus jbjpbrfunhehn

eursi romh.

‚\bkhe usih shtu thgun, shyh ebnh

poìo,‚ ukhr Yusmihnh 88 Oetoabr 138<.

Jbnurut Yusmihnh, mh`hj urushn

pbnmhthhn phrh pbnyhnmhnf mishaiìths

yhnf mhe tbr-lovbr mh`hj MS] shjphi

jbnkb`hnf ghri-G pbnfujujhn nh`

MS] o`bg ESR misbahaehn ebmuh ab`hg

pighe, yheni pbnyb`bnffhrh pbjiù

mh`hj gh` ini ESR mhn khkhrhnnyh sbrth

eonmisi phrh pbnyhnmhnf mishaiìths itu

sbnmiri.

Ebmuh ab`hg pighe itu shjh-

shjh mhe jbnfbr \OS (sthnmhr

opbrhsionh` prosbmur) mh`hj thghphn

pbjiù. Sbtufhs pbnmhhr, ehth mih,

ahnyhe yhnf mhe jbnfbr sihphshkh yhnf hehn mimhth mhn ahfhijhnh

prosbmurnyh. ‚Hmh kufh yhnf thgu thpi

jh`hg mhe jhu thgu, mhn abrahfhi

h`hshn `hinnyh.‚

Kbnfeb`

Hnffoth Ahwhsù Srovinsi MEI

Khehrth Hlgjhm Dhlgrumin mhe aish

jbnutupi ebkbnfeb`hnnyh jbìght

pbnyusunhn MS] yhnf mi`heuehn ESR

mi Khehrth yhnf jhsig hjaurhmu`.\behìpun po`h pbnyusunhn MS] auehn

gh` yhnf jumhg, nhjun mh`hj sbhp

pbrtbjuhn yhnf mi`heuehn ESR mhn

kufh Ahwhsù, Hlgjhm Dhlgrumin sb hù

abruphyh jbnyhjphiehn tbjuhn

jbrbeh hths sbkuj`hg pbnmhthhn yhnf

jhsig abrjhsh`hg.

‚Jish`nyh, untue phrh pbnfguni

rujhg susun mhn hphrtbjbn mi Khehrth.

Itu shnfht mhe jhesijh`. Mi Khehrth

sbnmiri, abrmhshrehn mhth phmh 1381

shkh hmh sbahnyhe 886.164 hphrtbjbnmi Khehrth. ]bntu ginffh sbehrhnf

kuj`hg hphrtbjbn tbrus abrthjahg,‚

ukhrnyh (\bnin, 8= Oetoabr 138<).

Rntue phrh pbnfguni hphrtbjbn

kieh sbhp unit rhth-rhth ehshr mikuj`hg

mbnfhn muh orhnf pbnfguni, hnkut mih,

sumhg jbnlhphi muh riau fh rhtushn

pbnfguni yhnf aish mi mhth.

\b`hin itu, kuj`hg pbnyhnmhnf

mishaiìths yhnf mishjphiehn ESR

Srovinsi MEI Khehrth yhnf jhsue sbahfhi

mhhr MS] phmh Sbjiù 138= shnfht

jinij.

‚Mhth tbrhegir phmh 83 Oetoabr

ebjhrin, ghnyh sbeithr ìjh riauhn

pbnyhnmhnf mishaiìths yhnf jhsue

mh`hj rbehpitu`hsi MS]. Ini tbntu shnfht

khug mhri eonmisi sbabnhrnyh,‚ kb`hs

mih.

Hlgjhm Dhlgrumin jbnyhjphiehn,

mhth yhnf mijiìei Ahwhsù ginffh 8=

Oetoabr 138< tbrehit kuj`hg MS] phrh

pbnyhnmhnf mishaiìths yhnf mipbro`bg

mhri ESR Srovinsi MEI Khehrth hmh`hg

lhlht jhth sbahnyhe 876 orhnf, lhlht

sie sbahnyhe 289 orhnf, lhlht wilhrh

sbahnyhe 88= orhnf, lhlht pbnmbnfhrhn

sbahnyhe 17 orhnf, lhlht jbnth` 188

orhnf, toth`nyh sbahnyhe 8379 orhnf.

‚Itu shnfht khug mhri kuj`hg yhnf

hmh. \baha, kieh ghnyh ìjh pbrsbn

shkh mhri ebsbùrughn pbnmumue MEI

Khehrth, tbntu ghrusnyh yhnf aish mimhth

jb`baigi kuj`hg itu,‚ shjaunfnyh.

Mbnfhn po`h ebrkh mhn pbnmhthhn

yhnf shnfht mhe jhesijh` itu,

Hlghjm jbnyhjphiehn ahgwh potbnsi

abrjhsh`hg mh`hj pbnbthphn MS] eihn

abshr. ‚Abùj `hfi mi frby hrbh yhnf theeunkunf aish mihthsi. Ebjumihn, ehji

jbnmhpht `hporhn, hmh sbahnyhe 233

riau mhth whrfh mi-mb`btb mi Khehrth

]ijur. Itu hmh hph? Ehji jbjinth

e`hriehsi eb ESR, mhn shjphi sbehrhnf

abùj hmh e`hriehsinyh.‚

Mhth kuj`hg pbjiìg yhnf mitbrijh

Ahwhsù Khehrth tbrehit MS] untue

138= jh`hg jbnurun. Kieh mh`hj

MS= Srovinsi MEI Khehrth sbabùjnyh,

sbsuhi Sbjiìghn Fuabrnur Khehrth

yhnf `hù jbnlhphi 6.3<=.348 mhnmhri mhth pbjiìg sbabùj pbnloloehn

mhn pbnbìhn H.3 abrmhshrehn simhìg

sbahnyhe 6.<9=.428 jheh mh`hj

Mhhr Sbjiìg \bjbnthrh (MS\) yhnf

mirbehpitu`hsi jbnkhmi MS] o`bg ESR

Khehrth jh`hg jbnkhmi 6.324.333.

‚Ini tbntu jbnkhmi pbrthnyhhn,

jbnfhph jh`hg jbnurun kuj`hgnyh.

\bmhnfehn kuj`hg pbnmumue pun

abrthjahg hp thgun. Hphehg hmh

ebsh`hghn input mhth hthu dhetor `hin?

Ini ghrus mikb`hsehn ESR,‚ kb`hsnyh.

\bkuj`hg pbrsoh`hn pbnmhthhn

pbjiìg itu pun mighrhpehn aish

misb`bshiehn mh`hj whetu mbeht ini.

‚Eh`hu mhe, yh hehn ahnyhe fu-

fhthn mhn mhn kufh sbnfebth yhnf khmi

jhsue eb rhnhg pimhnh,‚ ulhpnyh.

]ij Qbmhesi



<3 IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

\OQO]HN

Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Sbjiù

HegirnyhMifufht Kufh ...

‚Qbnlhnh hjbnmbjbn

jbnunffu 1389 ehrbnh

shht ini sumhg mhe aish,‚

ehth Muthjhrmin Rjhr, Ebtuh Khrinfhn

Mihsporh Inmonbsih mi Hjbrieh \brieht,

sbpbr mi`hnsir sbauhg jbmih nhsionh`1= \bptbjabr `hù.

Fufhthn eb JE, jbnurut

Muthjhrmin, mihkuehn ehrbnh sbahnyhe

bnhj kuth whrfh nbfhrh Inmonbsih

mi ùhr nbfbri sb`hjh ini mijhsueehn

mh`hj Mhbrhg Sbjiìghn Khehrth 1 hthu

Khehrth \b`hthn. Mh`hj prheenyh,

kuthhn VNI mi ùhr nbfbri itu jbrhsh

hspirhsinyh mhe tbrwheiì o`bg whei`-

whei` jbrbeh mhri Khehrth \b`hthn.

‚Ai`h jbjiìei mhpi` mhn lhòn

sbnmiri, ehji abrghrhp hspirhsiVNI mhpht mimbnfhr o`bg MSQ mhn

pbjbrinthg,‚ ukhr Muthjhrmin.

Mh`hj simhnf au`hn `h u, JE

jbno`he pbrjinthhn tbnthnf

pbjabntuehn mhbrhg pbjiìghn

egusus ùhr nbfbri mh`hj pbnfukihn

Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor 7 ]hgun 1381

tbnthnf Sbjiìghn Rjuj Hnffoth

MSQ, Mbwhn Sbrwhei`hn Mhbrhg, mhn

Mbwhn Sbrwhei`hn Qheyht Mhbrhg.

JE jbjhnf sbpbnmhpht mbnfhn<8 pbnffufht ahgwh wi`hyhg ùhr

nbfbri mbnfhn wi`hyhg mh`hj nbfbri

hmh`hg abrabmh. Hehn tbthpi, jbnurut

JE pbrabmhhn tbrsbaut auehn sbsuhtu

yhnf jut`he.

‚Hmh hthu mhe hmhnyh pbrabmhhn

hnthr wi`hyhg mijhesum tbrfhntunf mhri

pbrspbed yhnf mipbrfunhehn. Mh`hj

ababrhph gh`, pbrabmhhn hnthrwi`hyhg

jbjhnf kb`hs, hnthrh `hin pbrabmhhn

gueuj, eonmisi sosih` poìe, mhn

eu`turh`,‚ ukhr gheij eonstusi Hgjhm

Dhmi` \ujhmi shht jbjahlhehn

pbrjahnfhn gueujnyh.

\bhnmhinyh pun hspirhsi, jhsh`hg,hthu ebpbnnfhn phrh pbjogon

mhn/hthu VNI yhnf nffh` mi ùhr

nbfbri mhe tbrahghs hthu mhe

tbrsuhrhehn mi MSQ, jbnurut JE, gh`

tbrsbaut jbnunkueehn hmh ebauntuhn

eojuniehsi, mhn auehn sbjhth-jhth

miheiahtehn o`bg mhe hmhnyh mhbrhg

pbjiìghn uhr nbfbri.

‚Sbrahiehn tbrghmhp eojuniehsi

(poìe) mhpht mi`heuehn mbnfhn

jbjpbrahiei jbehnisjb eojuniehsi

hnthrh hnffoth MSQ mhn whrfh nbfhrhyhnf hmh mi ùhr nbfbri,‚ ehth Dhmì`.

Mih jbnfhthehn Shsh` 11 Hyht (8) mhn

Hyht (2) RR 7/1381 yhnf mijogonehn

pbnfukihn eonstusionhìthsnyh,

jbnurut JE auehn mh`hj eontbes

pbrahiehn eojuniehsi mhn/hthu

hreu`hsi ebpbnnfhn poìe

mijhesum.

Euhsh gueuj pbjogon, Tbri Kunhimi,

sumhg jbjprbmiesi hehn mito`henyh

pbrjogonhn ehrbnh JE sbabùjnyhsumhg jbno`he muh pbrjogonhn tbrehit

mhpi`. Nhjun, ehthnyh, pbjbrinthg

mhn MSQ kufh ghrus jbjpbrghehn

pbrjahnfhn-pbrjahnfhn gueuj

yhnf mishjphiehn JE ahgwh mhpi` mhe

tbrahths soh` wi`hyhg hmjinistrhsi.

Tbry jbnfhthehn hmh ebautughn

egusus pbjiìg ùhr nbfbri yhnf kufh

ghrus mipbrjahnfehn, mhn pighenyh

Sbno`hehn

Jhgehjhg Eonstitusi

hths pbrjogonhn

pbjabntuehn mhbrhg

pbjiìghn ùhr nbfbri

timhe jbnyurutehn

ebinfinhn whrfh

Mihsporh Inmonbsih

untue jbjpbro`bg

ghe eonstitusinyh. Eini,

whrfh Inmonbsih yhnf

tbrsbahr mi sbùrug

munih itu doeus untuejbnfhjhnmbjbn

Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Sbjiù,

tbruthjh tbnthnf

mhbrhg pbjiìghn.



<8IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

abrghrhp mh`hj pbjiù abrieutnyhpbjbrinthg aish jbjpbrjahnfehn

hmhnyh mhpi` egusus uhr nbfbri.

Ebehlhuhn MS] Sbjiù 138=

mieghwhrehn abrbdbe nbfhd

phmh pbnurunhn phrsiphsi

pbjiìg. Heiahtnyh, whrfh yhnf

mhe jbnffunhehn ghe piìgnyh

hthu foònfhn pug (fo`put) pun

jbninfeht.

‚Eh`hu mhe hmh pbruahghn (MS])

Sbjiù 138=, pbjiìg mhe funhehn

ghenyh shjphi <3 pbrsbn. ]rbnnyh,orhnf mhthnf eb aiìe suhrh nffh`

42 pbrsbn,‚ ukhr Mirbetur Besbeud

]gb Soìlh` @itbrhly Instutb, Fun

Fun Gbryhnto, mh`hj sbauhg miseusi

abrthkue ’Sbsth mbjoerhsi 138= untue

Inmonbsih @baig Ahie’ mi Khehrth Susht,

\hatu (14/83/138<).

Mih jbnfhthehn, pbrjhsh`hghn

hwh` yhnf junlu` mh`hj pbjiù

hmh`hg pbrsoh`hn mhhr pbjiìg yhnf

tbrlhntuj mh`hj MS]. Ebehlhuhn MS]

mhpht jbnybahaehn pbrsoh`hn phmhb`bjbn mhn thghphn hin pbjiù.

‚Sroa`bj hwh` pbjiù itu MS] `hù

hehn snowah`` eb proa`bj `hin. MS]

itu khmi ahfihn phìnf pbnnf. MS] itu

tbrehit ebpbrlhyhhn puaìe. Eh`hu mhri

hwh` tbrkhmi jhtbrih` mhshr yhnf aurue,

jheh ehrut jhrut pbjiù nffh`

tunffu whetu,‚ `hnkutnyh.

Fun Fun abrpbnmhpht, pbninfehthn

eberishn tbrghmhp pbnyb`bnffhrhhn

hmh`hg gh` yhnf whkhr. MS] ghrus

mibvhùhsi. ‚Sbnnf jbnkhmi lhththn

hphehg pbjiìg jhu jhsue eb aiìe

suhrh eh`hu hmh lhlht mi MS].‚

Mih jbni`hi, miahnminfehn Sbjiù8999, hmh pbnurunhn phrsiphsi

pbjiìg phmh Sbjiù 133= jhupun

Sbjiù 1339. ‚Shmh Sbjiù 133=, 76

pbrsbn, mhn ghnyh 68 pbrsbn mi Sbjiù

1339.‚

ESR jbjutusehn jbnunmh

pbnbthphn MS] jbnkhmi phmh Jinffu

(=/88/138<). Sbnunmhhn tbrsbaut

mi`heuehn hths rbeojbnmhsi Ahwhsù

mhn mbshehn phrthi poìe pbsbrth

Sbjiù 138= mhn Eojisi II MSQ.

Sbrsoh`hn abùj tbrsosihìshsinyh

indorjhsi Sbjiù, sbrth abùj

tbrmhhrnyh riauhn whrfh Inmonbsih

mh`hj MS] kufh mishjphiehn Mirbetur

Besbeud Jifrhnt Lhrb, Hnis Gimhyhg.

Orfhnishsi yhnf jbnfurusi

tbnhfh ebrkh Inmonbsih mi ùhr nbfbri

jbnyhjphiehn sbahnyhe 43 pbrsbn ]EI

tbrhnlhj mhe aish jbjpbrfunhehn

ghe piìgnyh ehrbnh abùj tbrmhhr

sbahfhi pbjiìg untue Sbjiù 138=.

ESR jb`hùi Shnih Sbjiìghn @uhrNbfbri (SS@N), jbnurut Hnis ghnyh

jbnlhtht 8,9 kuth ]EI, sbjbnthrh ]EI mi

ùhr nbfbri tbrlhtht sbahnyhe 4,2 kuth

yhnf tbrsbahr mi ahnyhe nbfhrh.

\b`hin itu, ghjpir =3 pbrsbn mhhr

pbjiìg sbjbnthrh ghsi` pbrahiehn

(MS\GS) yhnf jbnkhmi mhhr pbjiìg

tbthp uhr nbfbri (MS]@N) abrjhsh`hg.

‚\hyh eirh ghjpir =3 pbrsbn

mhth MSG\S yhnf hehn jbnkhmi MS]

abrjhsh`hg ahie mhri sisi vhìmithsnyh.Khmi, usih, ebjumihn nhjh nojor

phspor, ahnyhe yhnf abrjhsh`hg

tbrjhsue fhnmh mhn mhe vhìm.

Ebmuh, hmh`hg soh` ghjpir 43 pbrsbn

aurug jifrhn yhnf hmh mi ùhr nbfbri

tbrhnlhj mhe aish jbjiìg,‚ ehth Hnis

mi ESR, Khehrth, 11 Oetoabr `hù.

Hnis jbnfhthehn mhth 4,2 kuth

]EI tbrsbaut abrhsh` mhri ijifrhsi,

Ebjbntbrihn @uhr @bfbri, ANS1]EI,

Ebjbntbrihn ]bnhfh Ebrkh mhn

]rhnsjifrhsi, mhn mhth `hinnyh.

Jbìght mhth tbrsbaut, mih

abrpbnmhpht, tb`hg tbrkhmi pb`hnffhrhn

ghe poìe abshr-abshrhn yhnf hmh mi

ùhr nbfbri. Shmhgh`, ghe poìe whrfhnbfhrh mikhjin o`bg eonstusi.

Hnis kufh jbnyhyhnfehn gi`hnfnyh

ghe poìe aurug jifrhn ehrbnh thgun

`hù, Inmonbsih jbrhehsi pbrhturhn

aurug jifrhn yhnf sh`hg shtu phsh`nyh

hmh`hg jhwhkiaehn whrfh nbfhrh untue

jbnkhjin ghe poìe sbhp aurug

jinfrhn. ‚Ini hph junfein mh`hj

shtu ghri jbnfbkhr sbeihn kuth orhnf

yhnf abùj tbrmhhr yhnf nhn hehn

jbnkhmi MS].‚

Mi Ahwhg Rjur

\babùjnyh, Eojisionbr ESR Dbrry

Qizieyhnsyhg jbnfhthehn MS] @uhr

Nbfbri sbjbnthrh ini hmh`hg 1.33<.167

pbjiìg jinus mhth mhri Lopbnghfbn,

Mbnjhre.

Ahwhsù jbnfheu jhsig jbnbjuehn

6,6 kuth pbjiìg abrjhsh`hg, sbehìpun

ESR sumhg jbnbthpehn MS] nfeht

ehauphtbn hthu eoth phmh 8< Oetoabr.

Hnffoth Ahwhsù, Mhnib` [ulgron,

jbnfheu, mhri tbjuhn `bjahfhnyh,

ebahnyhehn mhth abrjhsh`hg mhri 6,6

kuth pbjiìg jhsig jbnyhnfeut orhnf

jbninffh` thpi tbrmhhr, hnffoth So`ri

mhn ]NI hed, pbjiìg mi ahwhg ujur

mhn NIE eosonf.

Ebeh Ahwhsù jb`heuehn

pbnfhwhshn phmh \bptbjabr, hmh

sbeithr 8,6 kuth pbjiìg abrjhsh`hg.

Sbnfhwhshn ini ebjumihn mi`heuehn

mhn shjphi 83 Oetoabr 138<, kuj`hgnyh

jbninfeht jbnkhmi 6,6 kuth pbjiìg

yhnf abrjhsh`hg.

‚Mhth ini pbr 83 Oetoabr yhnf

mitbthpehn pbrthjh, ebtbju hnfeh

6,6 kuth mhth nhjh yhnf eirh-eirh

proa`bjnyh jhsig hmh yhnf jbninffh`,

hnffoth ]NI/So`ri yhnf jhsig tbrmhth,

ebjumihn hmh yhnf mi ahwhg ujur, NIE

eosonf, mhn NIE `baig mhri 84 mifit,‚




\OQO]HN

ukhr Mhnib`.

Mhnib` jbnhjahgehn, mhth yhnf

mishjphiehnnyh ini jbruphehn mhth

yhnf tbrus abrfbrhe abrmhshrehn

tbjuhn mi `hphnfhn. ‚Khmi 6,6 kuth itu

mimhpht Shnwhsù jb`hùi MS] yhnf

sumhg mitbthpehn pbr 8< \bptbjabr`hù.‚

Ahwhsù sumhg jbnyhjphiehn

mhth abrjhsh`hg ini ebphmh ESR untue

sbfbrh mipbrahiei. Mhth itu, `hnkut

Mhnib`, eini sumhg minmhe`hnku o`bg

ESR ehauphtbn hthu eoth ehrbnh ESR

pusht ghnyh jbnfontro` pbjabrbshn

mhth yhnf mi`heshnhehn ESR mi nfeht

ehauphtbn hthu eoth.

\b`hin pbrsoh`hn MS], sbkuj`hg

pbebrkhhn ESR mhn Ahwhsù mh`hjjbwukumehn pbjiù yhnf mbjoerhs

mhn hmi`, kufh pbrù mierisi. Mirbetur

Besbeud Sbreujpu`hn untue Sbjiù

mhn Mbjoerhsi (Sbrùmbj) ]i

Hnffrhini jbni`hi, ahie ESR jhupun

Ahwhsù mhe sbrius jbnkh`hnehn

hturhn pbjiù.

Ini aish miebthgui mbnfhn jhsig

ahnyhenyh htriaut ehjphnyb phrh lhòn

hnffoth `bfis`hd (lh`bf) abrtbahrhn mi

abrahfhi sumut kh`hn. Shmhgh`, mh`hj

Sbrhturhn ESR Nojor 82 ]hgun 138< kb`hs misbautehn, lh`bf ghnyh ao`bg

jbjhshnf htriaut abruph sphnmue

sbahnyhe shtu unit mi shtu zonh yhnf

mitbntuehn pbjmh. \bjbnthrh ahìgo,

ahnnbr , ai`àohrm , hthu rbe`hjb ghnyh

mipbruntueehn untue phrpo`, itu pun

shtu unit pbr mbsh hthu ebùrhghn.

ESR sbjpht jbjabri ahths whetu

shjphi hegir \bptbjabr hfhr lh`bf hthu

phrpo` jbjabrsigehn sbnmiri htriaut

ehjphnybnyh. Kieh mhe, pbnbrahn

mi`heuehn o`bg Shnwhsù mi ehauphtbn/

eoth ebrkh shjh mbnfhn pbjmh.

Nhjun, dhethnyh htriaut ehjphnyb

kustru sbjhein ahnyhe.

‚\blhrh tbrhnf-tbrhnfhn phrthi mhn

lh`bf ahnyhe yhnf mhe thht. \hnfht

jumhg jbnyijpuèhn ESR mhn Ahwhsù

mhe opjh` mh`hj jbnbfheehn hturhn

jhin yhnf hmh,‚ ehth ]i Hnffrhini.

Jbsnyh, ESR mhn Ahwhsù

jbjaueehn ahgwh jbrbeh sbrius

jbnbrhpehn hturhn sblhrh hmi`, yheni

mbnfhn mhe `hfi jbjabri to`brhnsi

hths pb`hnffhrhn yhnf mi`heuehn phrthi

poìe mhn lh`bf tbrehit pbjhshnfhn

h`ht pbrhfh.

‚Eh`hu jbjhnf phrpo` mhn lh`bfahnmb` mhn jbjahnfehnf, ESR mhn

Ahwhsù ghrus ujujehn sbùhs-

ùhsnyh ebphmh puaìe,‚ tbfhsnyh.

Kieh mipbrùehn, ESR mi wbasitb-nyh

hthu mi tbjpht-tbjpht yhnf jumhg

mihesbs o`bg puaìe aish jbjauht

pbnfujujhn mhhr phrthi mhn

lh`bf yhnf jb`hnffhr absbrth e

pbjhshnfhn h`ht pbrhfh yhnf jbrbeh

`hnffhr.

‚Hfhr hmh bdbe kbrh, sb`hin kufh hfhrjhsyhrheht jbnmhphtehn indorjhsi

soh` lh`bf-lh`bf yhnf sbnhnf jb`hnffhr.

Nhn aish khmi rbdbrbnsi jbrbeh mh`hj

jbjpbrjahnfehn piìghnnyh mh`hj

pbjiù,‚ thjahgnyh.

]imhe Abrthnffunf Khwha

\behìpun abrehì-ehì tb`hg

miunmur pbnfujujhn MS], Ebtuh

ESR Gusni Ehji` Jhìe jbjhsehn

ahgwh junmurnyh MS] itu mhe

hehn jbnffhnffu pbnfhmhhn òfise

pbjiù. Jbnurut mih, mhhr pbjiìghehn mitbthpehn phmh hwh` Novbjabr

138<.

‚@ofise ahru milbthe tbnfhg

Khnuhri 138=,‚ ehth Gusni mi eojp`bes

phr`bjbn, \bnhyhn, Khehrth, 1= Oetoabr

138<.

Abrmhshrehn mhth sbjbnthrh ESR,

kuj`hg pbjiìg yhnf sumhg miunffhg eb

mh`hj simhìg sbabshr 874 kuth orhnf.

Mhth tbrsbaut abùj tbrjhsue shtu

ehauphtbn mi Srovinsi Shpuh, yhituNmufh, mhn 88 ehauphtbn/eoth mi Shpuh

Ahrht. Kuj`hg ini abrabmh mbnfhn mhth

pbnmumue potbnsih` pbjiìg pbjiù

jiìe Ebjbntbrihn Mh`hj Nbfbri

sbabshr 893 kuth pbjiìg.

Ahgehn, sbabùjnyh untue

jbjhsehn mhth pbjiìg yhnf vhìm,

ESR mhn Ebjbnmhfri tb`hg mumue

abrshjh untue jbnyisir u`hnf MS]

mhn mhth pbnmumue potbnsih` pbjiìg

pbjiù (MS=). Shmhgh`, sbabùjnyh

ESR jbnfe`hij MS] yhnf mighsièhnnyh

sumhg abrsig, vhìm, mhn heurht.

‚Sbnyhnminfhn mhth miu`hnf `hfi,

nhn hehn tbrìght mhth ahru,‚ ukhr

Ebtuh ESR Gusni Ehji` Jhnie mi FbmunfEbjbnmhfri, Khehrth, 12 Oetoabr 138<.

Ih jbnfhthehn, pbrtbjuhn mbnfhn

Ebjbnmhfri abrtukuhn jbjahghs gh`-

gh` tbenis yhnf ghrus mi`heuehn tbrehit

sineronishsi yhnf pbrù mi`heuehn

phslhpbnunmhhn pbnbthphn MS].

Mituturehnnyh, mhri pbnyhnminfhn mhth

ebjahì itu, ESR infin jbnmhphtehn

nojor inmue ebpbnmumuehn (NIE) hths

MS] yhnf abùj abr-NIE.

Jbnurutnyh, sineronishsi mhthmi`heuehn mbnfhn jbnyhnminfehn

sbhp mhth jbnffunhehn jhsinf-

jhsinf sistbj jiìe ESR mhn

Ebjbnmhfri. Miehthehnnyh, jhsinf-

jhsinf sistbj mhpht shìnf jbjahlh

mhth mhri pighe hin. ‚Muh sistbj itu aish

shìnf jbjahlh. Kieh hmh pbrfbrhehn

mhth mhri ehauphtbn/eoth, jheh

mhe `hnfsunf eb mhth Ebjbnmhfri,

jb`hinehn eb mhthahsb ESR, ahru nhn

mishnminfehn hnthr-mhthahsb.‚

Gusni opjiss sineronishsi mhthtbrsbaut mhpht. Khmi, ehthnyh, sbabùj

tbnffht whetu pbnbthphn MS], mhth

pbjiìg Sbjiù 138= sumhg miyheini

heurhsinyh. Mi sisi `hin, Jbnmhfri

Fhjhwhn Dhuzi jbnfhthehn,

Ebjbnmhfri hehn jbjahntu ESR

untue jbjabrsigehn mhth pbjiìg.

‚]benis pbnyb`bshihn jhsig eurhnf,

jheh ehji jbnfintbfrhsiehn j

tbenis. Ehji tbrus jbjabrsigehn mhth,

tbruthjh yhnf 13,< kuth itu,‚ ehth

Fhjhwhn.

ESR sbabùjnyh jbnyhthehn

mhe `hfi jbnyisir ebeurhnfhn mhth

sbahnyhe 13,< kuth pbjiìg itu. Nhjun,

Jbnmhfri ebjumihn jbnbfhsehn

ahgwh junmurnyh pbnbthphn mhhr

pbjiìg tbthp Sbjiù 138= mhe

abrguaunfhn mbnfhn `bjahfhnyh. Mih

sbnmiri mhe jhu misbrbt-sbrbt mbnfhn

ehrut-jhrut prosbs pbnyusunhn MS]



<<IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

o`bg ESR itu. H`hshnnyh, Ebjbnmhfri

tb`hg jbnybrhgehn MS= eb ESR.

‚Ebjbnmhfri miunmhnf ghnyh

jbnybrhgehn MS=. Itu shkh,‚ kb`hs

Fhjhwhn.

Ehmbr Shrthi Mbjoerht itujbnfhthehn, instusinyh tb`hg

jbnybrhgehn MS= sbkhe Dbaruhri

138< `hù. Mih jbnfheu gbrhn kieh

Ebjbnmhfri miehit-ehitehn sbahfhi

pbnybaha junmurnyh MS]. Jhnthn

Fuabrnur \ujahr ini pun bnffhn

jbnfojbnthri einbrkh ESR yhnf tb`hg

muh ehì jbnunmh pbnbthphn MS].

‚MS] itu ehn tufhs ESR. \hyh mhe

jhu jbni`hi. \hyh ghnyh jbjahntu,‚

ehthnyh.

Eojphe Abrbhesi

\btb`hg ababrhph ehì jbnfh`hji

pbnunmhhn pbnfujujhn MS] o`bg

ESR, rbhesi mhri sbkuj`hg phrthi poìe

pun ju`hi abrjunlu`hn. \behìpun

Sbjiù 138= hmh`hg hkhnf phrthi poìe

jbrhup suhrh, siehp hphs mhn the jhu

thgu jhsig shkh mitunkueehn sbkuj`hg

bìtb phrpo` itu sbabùj pbnunmhhn-

pbnunmhhn pbnfujujhn MS] itu eihn

sbrinf mi`heuehn ESR.

Sro-eontrh soh` pbnunmhhnpbnfujunhn MS] o`bg ESR itu tbrkhmi mi

eh`hnfhn poìsi phrthi. SMI Sbrkuhnfhn

abrtbrihe ahgwh jbrbeh jbnbjuehn

puùghn kuth mhhr pbjiìg abrjhsh`hg

mi sbùrug wi`hyhg Inmonbsih egususnyh

mhbrhg yhnf phmht pbnmumue mhn

pbjiìg. O`bg ehrbnh itu, jbrbeh

jbjinth ESR hfhr mhe auru-auru

jbnbthpehn MS].

‚Hmh 13,< kuth yhnf jhsig

abrjhsh`hg vbrsi ehji, sbùrug

Inmonbsih, sbginffh baig ahie jbjhnfsbjuh pighe mumue abrshjh,‚ ehth

Vhei` \berbthris Kbnmbrh` SMIS, Ghsto

Eristhnto, mi Fbmunf ESR, 1< Oetoabr

138<.

Ghsto jbnfunfehpehn phrthinyh

sumhg jbjabntue j egusus untue

jbnfehki pbrsoh`hn MS] yhnf mipijpin

Hrid Viaowo yhnf kufh jbnkhmi Vhei`

Ebtuh Eojisi II MSQ. Mih jbnyhthehn

SMIS mhe infin MS] mikhmiehn h`ht

pbjbnhnfhn pbjiù o`bg pighe-

pighe yhnf infin jbjpbrthghnehn

ebeuhshhn.

‚Ehji punyh mhth `bnfehp,

mhri ehkihn She Hrid Viaowo. Ini

mhth-mhth yhnf ehji ahwh eb ESRghri ini. Abfitu ahnyhe pbrsoh`hn-

pbrsoh`hn MS] yhnf jbjhnf shnfht

jbnlbjhsehn,‚ kb`hsnyh.

Ghsto jbnhjahgehn, pbriomb

eb mbphn hmh`hg pbriomb trhnsisi

ebpbjijpinhn yhnf shnfht

jbnbntuehn. Mih abrghrhp prosbs

pbrfhnhn ebpbjijpinhn ahie mh`hj

pbjiù `bfis`hd mhn pbjiù prbsimbn

138= aish mikhjin mbnfhn hmhnyh MS]

yhnf abnhr-abnhr jbnkhmi dunmhjbn

pbjiù kukur mhn hmi`.

‚Khmi jhsig mijunfeinehn

(mipbrahiei) sbeirhnyh eith shjh-shjh

punyh niht ahie untue jbnkhfh euhìths

mbjoerhsi,‚ ehthnyh.

\uhrh the eh`hg ebrhs mishjphiehn

o`bg Ebtuh Mbwhn Sbjainh Fbrinmrh

Srhaowo \uaihnto. Jbnurut mih, rbvisi

MS] tbrsbaut ghrus mi`heuehn hfhr

pbjiù thgun mbphn the lhlht gueuj.

‚ESR ghrus abrsigehn sbjuh (mhth

fhnmh). ]imhe hmh pbjiìghn yhnf shgmhn yhnf abrsig eh`hu MS]-nyh mhe

abnhr, pbnug mbnfhn nhjh-nhjh yhnf

mhe abnhr. Ini sbsuhtu yhnf shnfht

abrahghyh ahfi ahnfsh eith,‚ tbfhs

Srhaowo, 12 Oetoabr `hù.

Srhaowo jbnbfhsehn, MS] Sbjiù

138= jhsig abrjhsh`hg. \bmhenyh,

ih jbnfunfehp hmh 8<4 riau pbjiìg

fhnmh mh`hj rbehpitu`hsi tbrhegir MS]

pbr 1< Oetoabr 138<.

O`bg ehrbnh itu, Srhaowo abrghrhpESR jbnunthsehn sbjuh jhsh`hg

mh`hj MS] sb`hjh pbnunmhhn

pbnbthphn ini. Shrthi Fbrinmrh, ehth mih,

hehn tbrus jbjhnthu pbrebjahnfhn

pbjuthegirhn MS]. ‚Ghrhphn rheyht

Inmonbsih hmh`hg ESR jbjabrsigehn

(mhth fhnmh) mhn jbjabri MS] yhnf

abrsig, yhnf abnhr, mhn yhnf shg. Ehji

sbmhnf tbrus jbnfgitunf.‚

Ebtuh Ahmhn Sbjbnhnfhn SSS,

Dbrnith Mhrwis, mi sb`h rhpht tbrtutup

soh` pbrsihphn pbnbthphn MS] hnthrh

ESR mhn phrthi poìe, 18 Oetoabr

138<, tbnfhg jh`hj jbnyhjphiehn,

pbrahiehn hfhr ESR tbthp jbjaueh

ruhnf pbrahiehn MS] untue jbnhjpunf

pbjiìg yhnf abùj kufh tbrlhntuj

mh`hj MS].

‚Ehji (phrpo`) infin tbthp miaueh

ruhnf pbrahiehn hfhr jbnfghsièhn

MS] yhnf `baig ahie,‚ ehthnyh.

Dbrnith abrghrhp ESR kufh

jbnffb`hr eonsu`thsi mbnfhn phrpo`

khug ghri sbabùj MS] thjahghn

mitbthpehn. Mih jbnfhthehn rhpht

eonsu`thsi itu ghrus mifb`hr tbraueh.

‚Eh`hu tbrtutup, ebshnnyh MS] auehn

indorjhsi puaìe.‚

\bekbn SHN ]hue Eurnihwhn

jbnybautnyh sbahfhi suhtu pbrsoh`hn

ebpbrlhyhhn abrshjh (jutuh` trust )

sbùrug pbjhnfeu ebpbnnfhn untue

jbnfghsièhn pbjiù yhnf mbjoerhs

kukur mhn hmi`. Sbnbthphn MS]

jbruphehn abntue prodbsionhìsjb

pbnyb`bnffhrh pbjiù mh`hj abntue

ebshgighn mhth hthu auehn mhth ed.

Vhei` \bekbn Fbrinmrh,

Hryo S\ Mkokoghmieusujojbnhjahgehn,Sbjiù 138= jb-

ruphehn trhnsisi ebeuhshhn un-

tue jbnbntuehn whei` rheyht. Kieh MS]

shkh abrjhsh`hg, ahfhijhnh rheyht,

ahfhijhnh mbnfhn hnffoth `bfis`hd

yhnf tbrpiìg?

‚\behì `hfi, eh`hu pbjiìghn

jbnfghsièhn pbjiìg yhnf mhe

sbsuhi, ini khmi ebeghwhrhn ehji. Eith

ghrhp 138= hmh pbrahiehn.‚

@baig mhri Qp 82 ]riìun

Mh`hj pbnyb`bnffhrhhn Sbjiù

138=, ESR jbnmhpht hnffhrhn yhnf

shnfht abshr. ]he eurhnf mhri Qp 82,=

triìun rupihg ghnyh untue pb`heshnhhn

pbjiù yhnf shht ini mini`hi jhsig

jbnyishehn ahnyhe pbrsoh`hn.

Hnffhrhn itu misbtukui mh`hj rhpht

mbnfhr pbnmhpht mbnfhn Eojisi II MSQ,

ESR mhn Ahwhsù, 11 Oetoabr 138<.



<= IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

\OQO]HN

Misbautehn ababrhph pbnkb`hshn.

Sbrthjh, untue jbnutupi ebeurhnfhn

pbjahyhrhn uhnf ebgorjhthn ebtuh

mhn hnffoth ESR, ESR provinsi, mhn

ESR ehauphtbn/eoth sbabshr Qp 23

jiìhr.

Ebmuh, pbnfhmhhn ebnmhrhhn

opbrhsionh` mi ESR, ESR provinsi,

mhn ESR ehauphtbn/eoth sbabshr

Qp 19=,=77 jiìhr. ]brghmhp usu`hn

thjahghn hnffhrhn ESR thgun138= sbabshr Qp 8.162.27<.38<.333,

Eojisi II jbnybtukui mhn jbnufhsehn

Ahmhn Hnffhrhn Eojisi II untue

jbjpbrkuhnfehn mh`hj pbjahghshn

mi Ahnffhr MSQ.

\b`hin itu, Eojisi II MSQ

kufh jbnybtukui phfu hnffhrhn

Ahwhsù thgun 138= sbabshr Qp

<.148.726.833.333, untue mitbthpehn

sbahfhi hòehsi hnffhrhn Ahwhsù

thgun 138=.

]brghmhp usu`hn thjahghn

hnffhrhn Ahwhsù thgun 138= sbabshr

Qp 8.419.842.788.333, Eojisi II kufh

jbnybtukuinyh. Hnffhrhn tbrsbaut hehn

mihòehsiehn untue (h) jbjbnugi jhsh

tufhs Shnih Sbnfhwhs @hphnfhn (SS@)

mbnfhn jhsh tufhs = au`hn sbabshr Qp

626.229.=33.333, mhn (a) pbjabntuehn

jitrh SS@ sbahnyhe 1 orhnf pbr ]bjpht

Sbjunfuthn \uhrh mi 241.367 ]S\

sbabshr Qp 768.434.=88.333.

\b`hin itu, Eojisi II jbnybtukui

pbrjinthhn ESR untue profrhj

pbnfhmhhn ebnmhrhhn opbrhsionh`

untue ESR nfeht pusht, provinsi, mhn

ehauphtbn/eoth. Hòehsi hnffhrhn

untue pbnfhmhhn ebnmhrhhn ini

jbnlhphi Qp 19=,=77 jiìhr sbrth

usu`hn pbnhjahghn hnffhrhn ESR

sbabshr Qp 8.162.27<.38<.333. Eojisi II

jbjinth Ahmhn Hnffhrhn Eojisi II MSQjbjpbrkuhnfehn thjahghn tbrsbaut.

Ai`h misbtukui, ESR hehn jbnmhphtehn

hòehsi hnffhrhn Qp 84,4 triìun phmh

138=.

\berbthris Kbnmrh` ESR Hribd Qhgjhn

Gheij jbjhphrehn, hnffhrhn Qp

82,= jiìhr mie`hsiehsiehn mh`hj fh

profrhj. Sbrthjh untue mueunfhn

jhnhkbjbn mhn pb`heshnhhn tufhs

tbenis ESR sbni`hi Qp =.=66.966.<47.333.

Ebmuh untue jbjaihyhi profrhj

pbninfehthn shrhnh mhn shrhnh hphrhturESR. Ebfh, profrhj pbnfuhthn

eb`bjahfhhn mbjoerhsi mhn pbrahiehn

prosbs poìe.

Ahth` Qhnfeu` @bjshnbf

\brhnfhn abrtuai-tuai kufh

mi`hnlhrehn eb ESR hths `hnfehgnyh

jbnffhnmbnf @bjahfh \hnmi Nbfhrh

(@bjshnbf) mh`hj pbnfhjhnhn

indorjhsi mhn mhth ESR. MSQ jbjinth

ESR jbninkhu u`hnf hnfehg ebrkh shjh

ESR mbnfhn @bjshnbf yhnf tbrtuhnf

mh`hj jbjorhnmuj od unmbrsthnminf

ebmuh `bjahfh ini.

MSQ hegirnyh jbjutusehn

siehpnyh tbrehit ebrkh shjh ESR mbnfhn

@bjshnbf)mh`hj pbnyb`bnffhrhhnpbjiìghn ujuj 138=. Ebputushn itu

mihjai` mh`hj rhpht fhaunfhn hnthrh

Eojisi I mhn Eojisi II MSQ, ESR,

Ahwhsù, mhn @bjshnbf, mi Fbmunf

MSQ, Khehrth, 1= Oetoabr `hù.

Vhei` Ebtuh MSQ Sriyo Aumi

\hntoso jbnyhjphiehn, ghsi` rhpht

jbjutusehn ahgwh MSQ jbjabri

ebwbnhnfhn phmh ESR untue jbninkhu

u`hnf ebrkh shjh mbnfhn @bjshnbf. Gh`

itu sbsuhi mbnfhn Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf mhn

ESR mipbrao`bgehn jbnffhbt pighe`hin mbnfhn pbnfhwhshn j humit hfhr

pbnyb`bnffhrhhn pbjiù abr`hnfsunf

mbnfhn ahie mhn mhe jbnijauèhn

eblurifhhn.

‚Ebsijpu`hnnyh hmh`hg jbjabri

ebwbnhnfhn phmh ESR untue

mhpht jbninkhu u`hnf ebrkh shjh

tbrsbaut,‚ ehth Sriyo sbushi jbjijpin

rhpht fhaunfhn tbrsbaut.

Jbnhnffhpi itu, Ebtuh ESR Gusni

Ehji` Jhìe jbnbrijh jhsuehn mhriMSQ. Ih sihp jbjpbrahiei ababrhph

ahfihn mh`hj JOR. ‚ESR mijinth

jbjhsehn ebtbrìahthn yhnf `baig

ùhs mhri jhsyhrheht mhn phehr `hinnyh.

Qhpht ini jbnlhtht @bjshnbf punyh

eojpbtbnsi mhn mhth pbjiù.‚

Mi tbjpht yhnf shjh, Ebph`h

@bjshnbf Jhykbn ]NI Mkoeo \bhmi

`bfowo mbnfhn sbjuh ebputushn rhpht.

\behìpun abfitu, Mkoeo jbnyhthehn

pighenyh sihp jbjabriehn ahntuhn

ai`h mijinth ieut mh`hj jbnfhjhnehn

mhth pbjiù.

‚Kieh @bjshnbf mikhmiehn ehjainf

githj, jheh ehji sbtuku (untue mhe

abebrkh shjh). ]hpi kieh miautugehn,

ehphn pun ehji sihp,‚ thnmhs Mkoeo.

QOY Ks

SHQ]HI SB\BQ]H SBJI@R 138=




O]ONOJI

‚\urvbi Lhprbs ItuRrushn Iau Ebtuh Rjuj‚(Rrushn \hyh ; Khehrth)

Koeo VimomoFuabrnur MEI Khehrth

Khnfhn ghrhp mih tbrphnlinf. Koeo Vimomo tbthp timhe jhu sbrius

jbnhnffhpi soh` nhjhnyh yhnf eihn jb`bkit khug jbnfunffu`i

sbmbrbt nhjh toeog nhsionh` mh`hj phnffunf po`itie eiwhri.





O]ONOJI

Jhnthn Vhìeoth \oò yhnf

herha mishph Koeowi itu

shjphi eini jhsig `baig

jbnlinthi nbfhrhnyh mh`hj posisi

sbahfhi fuabrnur iau eoth Qbpuaìe

Inmonbsih.

\behìpun sbkuj`hg `bjahfh survbisb`hù jbnbjphtehn Koeowi mi uruthn

tbrhths sbahfhi lhprbs 138=, suhji Ny

Gk Irihnh Koeo Vimomo itu mhe fbmb

rujonfso hìhs fbmb rhsh, kufh mhe

ghnyut tbrahwh hrus mbrhs mueunfhn

jhsyhrheht.

‐ H`hhg….\hyh nmhe nfurusi survhi-

survbi, nmhe nfurusi b`bethaiìths,

nmhe nfurusi loprhs-lhprbs. Rrushn

shyh, yh jbnfurusi Khehrth, shyh ebrkh

untue Khehrth,‚ ehth Koeowi ebphmh eru

Jhkh`hg IN]BFQI]H\ mh`hj whwhnlhrh

egusus mi ruhnf ebrkhnyh, 1 Oetoabr

`hù.

Mbnfhn fhyh ailhrhnyh yhnf eghs,

shnthi, Koeowi jbnybrhgehn urushn

poìe pbnlhprbshn ebphmh Ebtuh

Rjuj Shrthi Mbjoerhsi InmonbsihSbrkuhnfhn (SMI-S) Jbfhwh

\obehrnoputri. \baha, sbahfhi ehmbr

Shrthi Ahntbnf itu, Koeowi tunmue

ebphmh ebtuh ujuj.

‚Rrushn pi`prbs itu urushn phrthi, yh

urushn phrthi poìe. Itu auehn urushn

shyh, itu urushn ebtuh ujuj,‚ ukhrnyh

shnthi.

Koeowi, fuabrnur Khehrth eb-84,

`hfi-`hfi jbnbfhsehn, shjphi shht ini

mih tbthp ghrus jb`heshnhehn tufhs

mhn thnffunf khwha yhnf mibjahnnyh

sbahfhi fuabrnur.

‚Khmi, yh shyh nmhe nfurusi loprhs-

lhprbs, nmhe nfurusi survhi-survbi. Eith

doeus urus Khehrth,‚ ukhrnyh.

Mih tbrebebg.

Shfi ghri, tbpht mi Ghri Ahe

Intbrnhsionh`, Koeowi siaue jbnbrijh

tbthjunyh yhnf siìg abrfhn

mitbjuinyh mi ehntornyh yhnf tbr`bthe

mi Fbmunf Ah`hi Eoth Khehrth mi Kh`hn

Jbmhn Jbrmbeh \b`hthn Nojor 7-9,

Khehrth Susht.

Mbnfhn jbnfbnhehn ahe loeb`ht,

prih kbao`hn Rnivbrsiths Fhkhg Jhmh

(RFJ) Yofyhehrth itu jbjiìei

sbkuj`hg hfbnmh pbnnf phmh ghri itu,




tbrjhsue hfbnmh pbnhnmhthnfhnhn

jbjorhnmuj od unmbrsthnminf (JOR)

mbnfhn Jbntbri Ahmhn Rshgh Jiìe

Nbfhrh (ARJN) Mhg`hn Isehn tbrehit

pbjahnfunhn whmue mi wi`hyhg

Khehrth.

Sbjahnfunhn whmue itu sbahfhi`hnfehg jbnfurhnfi voùjb hir mi

Ehì Liìwunf. Abnmunfhn itu nhnnyh

mhpht jbnhjpunf sbeithr fh riau

jbtbr euaie hir. Sbnhnmhthnfhnhn ebrkh

shjh ini jbnfieutsbrthehn ARJM,

egususnyh SHJ Khyh. Gh` itu mi`heuehn

hfhr nhnnyh hir yhnf mithjpunf mhpht

mijhndhhtehn untue jbnlipthehn hir

abrsig ahfi jhsyhrheht Khehrth.

Mi mh`hj ruhnf ebrkhnyh, mih

mihjpinfi muh sthdnyh. Mbnfhn òfht

Khwh yhnf eghs, Koeowi kb`hs abtu`jbnfuhshi pbrsoh`hn yhnf sbmhnf

mighmhpinyh. \bsbehì, fhyh lbp`hs-

lbpòs jbùnlur mhri prih abrtuaug

khnfeunf ini. Khrhnf pbkhaht sbeb`hs

mirinyh abrfhyh sbpbr itu.

Mhriphmh siaue ailhrhehn whlhnh

pi`rbs, Koeowi jbjiìg doeus shkh

jbjahghs mhn jbjpbrsihpehn

pb`heshnhhn profrhj-profrhj abshr

yhnf sbmhnf mhn hehn mifhrhpnyh mi

Khehrth.

\h`hg shtu profrhj yhnf sbmhnf

mikh`hnehnnyh hmh`hg jbnfuphyhehn

rbvithsìshsi whmue mhn jbnfhnfeht

jhsyhrheht eujug yhnf abrjueij mi

sbphnkhnf ahnthrhn ehì hthu sunfhi

yhnf abrhmh mi wi`hyhg provinsi ini hfhr

jbjpbro`bg tbjpht nffh` yhnf `hyhe

mhn sbght.

‚Mi Khehrth ini, sbehrhnf hmh

sbahnyhe 8< sunfhi abshr mhn hmh

sbahnyhe <3-hn whmue. \babùjnyh

hmh rhtushn, nhjun eini sbeithr <3-hn shkh, sbrth sunfhi-sunfhi ebli`.

Eonmisinyh shnfht jbjprighnehn,

shnfht mhe hyhe, mbnfhn pbrjueijhn

pbnmumue mi ahnthrhn eiri-ehnhnnyh,‚

phphr Koeowi.

Jbnurut ùùshn Kurushn

Ebguthnhn, Dheu`ths Ebguthnhn RFJ

itu, eb-8< sunfhi abshr yhnf jbìnthsi

wi`hyhg Khehrth itu sbabnhrnyh jhsue

mh`hj urushn thnffunf khwha mhn

ebwbnhnfhn pbjbrinthg pusht.

‚]brjhsue hir abshr yhnf mhthnf

mhri ‗hths’ (ahnkir eirijhn mhri Aofor),

mhe junfein Sbjbrinthg MEI Khehrth

shkh yhnf jbnhnfhni, sbaha itu mhthnf

mhri mhbrhg `hin. Nhg, pbjbrinthgpusht jbjiìei tufhs mhn ebwbnhnfhn

mi situ,‚ ukhrnyh.

Rntue jbnfhthsi ahnkir mhn

pbrjueijhn eujug mi ahnthrhn ehì,

prosbs norjhìshsi ehì mhn whmue pun

mbnfhn fbnlhr mi`heuehn Sbjprov MEI

Khehrth. Sbrsoh`hn mbji pbrsoh`hn jhsig

jbnujpue sbginffh jbjautugehn

whetu untue pbnyb`bshihnnyh sblhrh

abrthghp.

Koeowi jbnfheui prosbs

pbjinmhghn whrfh mhri ahnthrh ehì

shkh jbnfh`hji ebrujithn. Rntue

jb`heuehn norjhìshsi ehì mhn whmue,

sbrth jbrbvithìshsi ebjahì shùrhn-

shùrhn mhn pbnhjpunfhn hir itu

mi`heuehn pbnfuruehn abshr-abshrhn.

‚Norjhìshsi ju`hi abrkh`hn. ]hpi, sbrinf

tbrkhmi proa`bj mhn abnturhn mbnfhn

whrfh eith yhnf abrhmh mi ahnthrhn.‚

Rntue jbjinmhgehn whrfh

eb pbrjueijhn yhnf `hyhe yhnf

misbmihehn o`bg pbjbrinthg pun mhe

jumhg. Jbjhnf, Sbjprov MEI Khehrth

jbnybmihehn rujhg susun (rusun).

‚Jbrbeh jbjhnf jhu pinmhg eb

rusun, tbthpi jbrbeh jbjinth hfhr

rusun itu abrhmh mbeht mbnfhn tbjpht

nffh`nyh. @gh, eith ehn mhe punyh

rusun yhnf hmh mbeht-mbeht situ,‚

thjahgnyh.

Jish`nyh, mi sbphnkhnf ahnthrhn

Ehì Liìwunf tbrmhpht sbeithr <= riau

ebùhrfh yhnf ghrus mipinmhgehn.

Sbjinmhghn tbntu ghrus mi`heuehn

sblhrh abrthghp, mbnfhn tbr`baigmhguù jbnybmihehn rusun yhnf

jbjhmhi, sbjbnthrh ebtbrsbmihhn

rusun shjphi shht ini jhsig tbrahths.

Ababrhph rbnlhnh pbjahnfunhn

rusun ahru ahfi whrfh ghrus jb`hùi

prosbs yhnf mhe jumhg. Mhri pbjabìhn

`hghn untue rusun, pbjabahshn hghn,

pbrsihphn pbjahnfunhn ginffh

pbjahnfunhnnyh sb`bshi untue

ebjumihn sihp guni.

‚Sroa`bj-proa`bj sbpbr ituyhnf ghrus misb`bshiehn. Mhn shyh

yhein, eh`hu hmh prosbs mhn thghphn

whetu pb`heshnhhn, prosb itu sbjuh

aish mi`heshnhehn. Jbjhnf autug

whetu untue jbjahnfun rusunnyh

mhn jbrhjpunfehnnyh. Itu sbjuh

mhe fhjphnf. ]bthpi eith ghrus yhein

ahgwh itu jbjhnf aish mi`heshnhehn,‚

kb`hsnyh.

Sbrsoh`hn rbvithìshsi mhn

norjhìshsi whmue kufh the eh`hg

pbìenyh. \behìpun mh`hj profrhjpbjbrinthghn sbabùj-sbabùjnyh

sumhg mirbnlhnhehn jb`heuehn

pbnfuruehn whmue, tbthpi gh` itu mhe

pbrnhg kh`hn mbnfhn ahie.

‚Ahyhnfehn, whmue mhe miebrue

sb`hjh <3 thgun, mhe pbrnhg

mipbìghrh, `gh ahfhijhnh aish

jbnhjpunf hir? ]brkhmi pbnmhnfeh`hn

tbrus jbnbrus,‚ ukhr Koeowi.

\bkuj`hg profrhj pbnfuruehn

whmue pun eini mifh`heehn Koeowi.

\baut shkh Vhmue Sùit, Qih Qio, Sonmoe

@hau, mhn Vhmue Shmbjhnfhn. Mi

sbeithr whmue pun tb`hg abrjueij

jhsyhrheht. Mi Vhmue Sùit shkh hmh

6.333 ebùhrfh yhnf ghrus mirbòehsi

mhn mi Vhmue Qih Qio 433 ebùhrfh kufh

mirbòehsi.

‚Mbnfhn prosbs mihòf, mhn

jbjabriehn soùsi, tbntu gh` itu sblhrh

‐H`hhg….\hyh

nmhe nfurusi survhi-

survbi, nmhe nfurusi

b`bethaiìths, nmhe

nfurusi loprhs-lhprbs.

Rrushn shyh, yh

jbnfurusi Khehrth, shyh

ebrkh untue Khehrth.‚




O]ONOJI

abrshjh-shjh aish misb`bshiehn. Rntue

Sùit shkh jbjautugehn whetu muh

thgun hfhr aish tbrkhmi pbnorjh`hn

whmuenyh,‚ ehth mih.

Koeowi jbjinth pbjbrinthg pusht

sbfbrh turun thnfhn mhn jb`heuehn

uphyh norjhìshsi, jbjbìghrh,mhn jbjauht thnffu`-thnffu` mi 8<

sunfhi mhn sbkuj`hg whmue mi Lihwi,

Aofor, Khwh Ahrht. ‐Itu ehn jbnkhmi

ebwbnhnfhn pbjbrinthg pusht, mhn

pbjbrinthg pusht`hg yhnf ghrusnyh

jbn-mrivb prosbsnyh hfhr abrkh`hn

`hnlhr.‚

Jbjhnf, pbjbrinthg pusht tb`hg

jbnkhìn eojuniehsi yhnf ahie untue

jb`heuehn sbjuh rbnlhnh itu. Mi

hnthrh sbabfitu ahnyhenyh thnfffunf

khwha pbjbrinthg pusht eb sbùrugInmonbsih, Koeowi abrghrhp hmh kufh

uphyh yhnf doeus untue pbjabnhghn

mi sunfhi mhn whmue yhnf mijhesum.

‚Hsh` khnfhn mikhmiehn sbebmhr

runiths shkh. Kieh ghnyh runiths,

phs mhe hehn aish jbnyb`bshiehn

pbrsoh`hn. Eith yhein, sbjuh aish

mihthsi hsh` doeus,‚ ukhrnyh.

Srofrhj Mhshr Sbjprov MEI Khehrth

Muh profrhj unffu`hn pbjbrin-

thghn Koeowi-Hgoe hmh`hg aimhnf

pbnmimiehn mhn ebsbghthn yhnf

miwukumehn mh`hj abntue Ehrtu

Khehrth \bght (EK\) mhn Ehrtu Khehrth

Sinthr (EKS) ahfi whrfh jisein mhn the

jhjpu.

Srofrhj ini jbnurut Koeowi hmh`hggh` phìnf mhshr yhnf sbjbsnyh sumhg

mipbro`bg jhsyhrheht sbkhe `hjh.

‐Itu shnfht jbnmhshr, ebsbghthn mhn

pbnmimiehn itu shnfht jbnmhshr. Qheyht

eith ini sumhg sheit sb`hjh abrthgun-

thgun mhn miaihrehn tbrfb`bthe abfitu

shkh mi rujhg.‚

\bkhe miùnlurehn, EK\ sumhg

mijhndhhtehn 283 riau pbnmumue

Khehrth untue abroaht. Ahgehn, hntrbhn

phnkhnf tbrkhmi mi ghjpir sbjuh rujhg

sheit mi Khehrth sbrth mi eìnie-eìnie.

‚]hpi sbehrhnf sumhg ju`hi norjh`

`hfi, mhe abraonmonf-aonmonf sbpbr

phmh hwh` itu. Jbjhnf itu hmh`hg

ebautughn mhshr, shjh kufh mbnfhn

pbnmimiehn. Nhg, profrhj-profrhj

ini kufh ghrus mirhjpunfehn,‚ kb`hs

Koeowi.

\b`hin jbjabriehn EK\, Koeowi

jbnbehnehn pbrùnyh pbrahiehn

ìnfeunfhn mhn shnithsi yhnf sbght.

\baha, ghnyh mbnfhn ìnfeunfhnyhnf abrsig mhn sbght ebsbghthn hehn

tbrkhfh.

Mih jbnyhmhri abtu`, EK\ auehn`hg

sbfh`h-fh`hnyh untue jbjauht

jhnusih sbght, ai`h the mimueunf

mbnfhn ebshmhrhn untue jbnkhfh

ebsbghthn itu sbnmiri.

‐Jbjhnf sumhg ju`hi miabriehn

EK\, tbthpi yhnf phìnf pbnnf hmh`hguphyh prbvbndnyh, hnthrh `hin

jbjauht ìnfeunfhn yhnf sbght,

jhehnhn yhnf sbght, pbnffunhhn

sbpl thne , pbnfgikhuhn, yh eith kufh

jbjahnfun ehjponf mbrbt untue

tukuhn itu. @gh, fijhnh jhu sbght ai`h

sbòehn shkh. Sbrghehn sbnmiri`hg,

sbjuh isi hmh mi mh`hjnyh. Itu ehn

jbnmhshr sbehì. Jheh ìnfeunfhn yhnf

sbght ghrus miuphyhehn,‚ phphrnyh.

Jbjhnf, abùj sbjuh whrfh

Khehrth yhnf sumhg aish jbnfhesbsEK\ mhn EKS. Vhrfh yhnf abnhr-abnhr

jbjautugehn sblhrh abrthghp jhsig

tbrus mimhth mhn miabnhgi.

Rntue aimhnf pbnmimiehn, Koeowi

jbnkb`hsehn, pbnmimiehn frhs auht

rheyht ghrus mipbrkb`hs ehrbnh sb`hjh

ini hmh hnffhphn ahgwh mbnfhn

jbjabahsehn uhnf sujahnfhn

pbnfbjahnfhn pbnmimiehn (\SS) hthu

uhnf sbeo`hg sumhg mihnffhp sbahfhi

profrhj pbnmimiehn frhs.

‚Eh`hu ghnyh \SS yhnf frhs, `hù

hphnyh yhnf frhs? Ahku sbeo`hg,




aueu, `bs mhn sbtbrusnyh fijhnh?

Hmh 8< eojponbn pbnmimiehn, auehn

ghnyh \SS shkh. @ight shkh, mi ehjpunf-

ehjpunf mi Khehrth shkh jhsig ahnyhe

hnhe-hnhe yhnf mhe sbeo`hg, yh

ehrbnh yhnf frhs ghnyh \SS shkh.

Sbnmimiehn frhs ehthnyh, yhnf frhs

hphnyh? Jbs miauht sisj sbpbr

hph pbnmimiehn frhs itu, mhn kufh

ahfhijhnh jbnfontro`nyh,‚ ukhr

Koeowi.

Mbnfhn profrhj yhnf jbnfurhs

mhn jbjpbrfunhehn ahnyhe hnffhrhn

itu, Koeowi opjiss ahgwh sbjuhnyh

aish tbrlhphi. ‐Eith jbjhehi hnffhrhn

HSAM. Jhshe mhri ehntonf shyh! Yh, mhri

HSAM-`hg. Yhnf pbnnf, pbnffunhhn

HSAM itu tbpht shshrhn mhn ebnh

shshrhn, kufh ebìghthn ghsi`nyh.‚

Koeowi mhe rishu mbnfhn sujabr

pbnfghsi`hn mhn pbnmhphthn mhbrhg

hehn jbnipis, sbaha jhsig ahnyhe

sujabr-sujabr HSAM. ‐\hyh jhsue

(khmi Fuabrnur MEI Khehrth) \SAM

itu =3 triìun rupihg, shyh eirh nhn

sumhg nhie jbnkhmi 47 triìun, khmi hmh

ebnhiehn mhn ònkhehn sbahnyhe 17

triìun. \baha, sh`hg shtunyh, phkhe eith

bdbehn, phreir, kufh rbstorhn, mhn

`hin-`hinnyh.‚

Koeowi jbnbfhsehn, profrhj-profrhj itu jbjhnf mipbruntueehn

untue whrfh Khehrth yhnf jbjautugehn

mhn jbjiìei ehrtu thnmh pbnmumue

(E]S) Khehrth. \behìpun abfitu, ahnyhe

òehsi mi Khehrth yhnf abùj jbjiìei

E]S, jbsei jbrbeh hmh`hg pbnmumue

Khehrth yhnf sumhg puùghn thgun

nffh` mhn gimup mi Khehrth.

Rntue jbnfginmhri sh`hg shshrhn

mh`hj pb`heshnhhn profrhj-profrhj

Sbjprov MEI Khehrth, Koeowi jb`heuehn

pbjabnhghn ebpbnmumuehn. Jbjhnf,

jbnkhmi whrfh yhnf jbjiìei E]S

Khehrth suìt. ‚@gh, eh`hu jumhg nhn

sbjuh orhnf hehn abraonmonf-

aonmonf eb Khehrth monf.‚

Mi Khehrth hmh <2 e òehsi yhnf

ahnyhe pbnmumuenyh mhe jbjiìei

E]S Khehrth.

‚Jbrbeh hmh`hg whrfh MEI Khehrth.

Mhn itu ahnyhe sbehì, hmh yhnf sumhg

13 thgun nffh` mi Khehrth, sbpbr yhnf

tbrkhmi mi ]hnhg Jbrhg mhn kufh Ebaon

\hyur. E]S itu hmh`hg ghe whrfh, mhn

itu hehn eith urus. Itu ghrus miabriehn.

\bjuh hehn mirhjpunfehn ginffh

Mbsbjabr jbnmhthnf,‚ kb`hs Koeowi.

]rhnsporthsi

\h`hg shtu pbrsoh`hn yhnf abùj

tbrpblhgehn mi Eoth Khehrth hmh`hg

ebphmhthn ebnmhrhhn abrjotor

mhn ebjhlbthn yhnf eihn ghri eihn

jbnffi`h.

Koeowi sbnmiri jbnfheui, uphyh

yhnf ahru aish mi`heuehn Sbjrov

MEI Khehrth shjphi shht ini untue

jbnfurhnfi ebjhlbthn abùj`hgsbjpurnh. Ebjhlbthn, jbnurut mih,

theehn pbrnhg tbrpblhgehn ai`h jomb`

trhnsporthsi jhssh` yhnf jbjhmhi mhn

ahie mhe tbrsbmih tbr`baig mhguù.

‚\b`hjh trhsporthsi jhssh` untue

jhsyhrheht sbpbr JQ] (jhss

rhpim trhnsporthon), jonorb`, mhn

]rhnskhehrth, mhe misihpehn, khnfhn

ghrhp ebjhlbthn ini hehn aish tbrhthsi.

]he junfein pbrsoh`hn ebjhlbthn

hehn sb`bshi ai`h trhnsporthsi jhssh`

mhe ahie,‚ ukhrnyh.

Jbnurut mih rhnlhnfhn

pbjahnfunhn jonorb` sumhg hmh

sbkhe 13 thgun `hù, tbthpi ginffh eini

abùj tbrbhìshsi. ‐Ini eith ahru ju`hi

sbehrhnf. Loah eh`hu sbeirhnyh sumhg

miju`hi sbkhe 13 thgun `hù, junfein

mhe sbpbr sbehrhnf ebjhlbthn yhnf

tbrkhmi.‚

\bkuj`hg uphyh yhnf loah

mi`heuehn Sbjprov MEI Khehrth untue

jbnfurhnfi ebjhlbthn, hnthrh `hinhmh`hg pbnbrahn ahmhn-ahmhn kh`hn

mhri pbmhfhnf hsonfhn mhn pbmhfhnf



=3 IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

O]ONOJI

ehei ìjh yhnf jbjauht eonmisi kh`hn

eihn sbjpit. \b`hin itu, ebaikhehn

jb`bphs pbn` ebnmhrhhn yhnf phreir

sbjahrhnfhn hthu jbnffbjaosi

ebnmhrhhn yhnf phreir sbjahrhnfhn mi

ahmhn kh`hn, kufh mi`heuehn.

‚]bthpi itu sbjuh ghnyh jbnfurhnfishkh, auehn soùsi,‚ ukhr Koeowi.

Sbjprov MEI Khehrth kufh sbmhnf

jbjpbrsihpehn \istbj b`bltronil rohm

prilinf (BQS) hthu sistbj kh`hn abrahyhr

b`betronie. ]hrid sistbj BQS mitbntuehn

mhri ebphmhthn `hù ìnths. Khmi, sbjhein

jhlbt eonmisi hrus `hù ìnths abshrhn

thridnyh sbjhein jhgh`.

Nhnnyh, phmh sbhp khùr yhnf

tb`hg mitbntuehn sbahfhi òehsi sistbj

BQS nhnnyh miphshnf h`ht sbjhlhjpbjinmhi sbginffh joai` yhnf jb`bwh

kh`hn itu hehn miebnhehn thrid sblhrh

otojhs. Mi mh`hj joai` nhn mithnhj

lgip yhnf hmh sh`monyh sbginffh

eh`hu `bwht kh`hn BQS otojhs hehn

tbrpotonf. ]imhe pbrù abrgbn sbpbr

mi to`. Eh`hu ghais aish miisi u`hnf.

\istbj BQS rbnlhnhnyh mitbrhpehn

mi khùr \umirjhn-]ghjrin ehrbnh

ehwhshn itu jbruphehn kh`hn yhnf

phìnf phmht ebnmhrhhn. Abrmhshrehn

mhth Minhs Sbrguaunfhn, sbhp ghri khùr ini miìnthsi sbeirh 133 riau unit

ebnmhrhhn. ]hrid BQS phìnf jhgh` Qp

18 riau. ]hrid turun ebeh hrus `hù

ìnths sbpi.

Sbnbrhphn thrid phreir yhnf nffi

kufh jbnkhmi sh`hg shtu uphyh yhnf

aish mi`heuehn untue jbnfurhnfi

ebjhlbthn. \b`hin itu, ebaikhehn

jbnffunhehn ebnmhrhhn mbnfhn

nojor fhnki`-fbnhp kufh mijhesumehn

untue jbnfurhnfi ebjhlbthn itu kufh.

‐]brjhsue jbnbrhpehn phkhe

yhnf nffi ebphmh ebnmhrhhn

abrjotor, mighrhpehn aish jbnfurhnfi

ebjhlbthn,‚ ukhr Koeowi.

Ahru-ahru ini Koeowi jbno`he

profrhj joai` jurhg h`h pbjbrinthg

pusht. Mh`hj eonmisi trhnsporthsi

Khehrth yhnf eihn sbshe, ebaikhehn joai`

jurhg mhe bdbed mi Khehrth. ‚Itu hmh`hg

ebaikhehn pbjbrinthg pusht. Ehji

kufh mhe mihkhe ailhrh. Mh`hj situhsi

jhlbtnyh kh`hnhn Khehrth sbpbr ini,

eurhnf phs. \bahienyh, yh trhnsporthsi

jhssh` yhnf jurhg, jbjhmhi mhn ahie

yhnf ghrus miuphyhehn.‚

Mbnfhn situhsi sbjuh hnfeuthn

ujuj pun abrkbkh`hn sbhp ghrinyh,

jbnurut Koeowi, ebaikhehn pbjbrinthg

pusht tbrehit joai` jurhg itu mhe

tbpht. ‚\bjuh kbnis trhnsporthsi

jhssh` abùj tbrsbmih mbnfhn ahie.

Kieh sumhg tbrsbmih, tbntu joai` jurhg

sbpbr itu nhnnyh kufh aish junlu`.]hpi phsehn trhnsporthsi jhssh` yhnf

jurhg, tbrkhnfehu, mhn nyhjhn, sumhg

hmh muù.‚

\hht ini shkh Sbjprov MEI Khehrth

sbmhnf jbnhjahg hrjhmh hnfeuthn

ujuj, sbpbr Jbtro Jini mhn Eophkh,

<333 unit hfi.

Airoerhsi

@b`hnf khahthn ùrhg mhn lhjht

jbruphehn sh`hg shtu tbroaoshn

yhnf mi`heuehn Koeowi-Hgoe mh`hj

uphyh pbjabnhghn pb`hyhnhn

jhsyhrheht. Mimhphtehnnyh ùrhg

mhn lhjht abreuhìths mhn sihp

jb`hyhni jhsyhrheht mighrhpehn aish

jbnyb`bshiehn pbrsoh`hn.

Sbjabnhghn airoerhsi ginffh eb

nfeht tbrbnmhg, jbnurut Koeowi

hmh`hg sbauhg ebghrushn mh`hj uphyh

jbnlipthehn pbnyb`bshihn abrahfhi

proa`bjh yhnf hmh. \behìpun hmh

shkh pbno`hehn yhnf miloah mi`heuehn

o`bg sbfbìnr jhsyhrheht tbrtbntu

hths ebghmirhn ùrhg yhnf ùùs `b`hnf

khahthn, Koeowi jbyheinehn ahgwh gh`

itu hehn mighmhpi mbnfhn `hphnf mhmh.

Sbno`hehn ùrhg ghsi` `b`hnf khahthn

sbpbr yhnf tbrkhmi mi @bntbnf Hfunf,

Khehrth \b`hthn, mhe pbrù tbrkhmi.

‚Ini ehn sb`besi mhn projosinyh

tbraueh mbnfhn `b`hnf khahthn. Ini ehn

foom fovbrnhnlb. Eh`hu muù shyh mhe

pbrfunhehn sistbj ini, orhnf @bntbnf

Hfunf aish abrpieir urhg itu jiìe shyh,‚

ehthnyh.

Mih jbnbfhsehn, mh`hj sistbj

ini ùrhg mipiìg ehrbnh prbsthsi,

ebjhjpuhn jhnhkbrih`, ebjhjpuhn

jbnfhnhìsis jhsh`hg, ebjhjpuhnjbnyb`bshiehn jhsh`hg. ‚Auehn ehrbnh

btnisnyh hph, auehn ehrbnh sueunyh

hph, auehn ehrbnh hfhjhnyh hph, tbthpi

euhìths, ebjhjpuhn jbnfhnhìsis

jhsh`hg, ebjhjpuhn jbnyb`bshiehn

jhsh`hg, mhn eojpbtbnsi.‚

Koeowi sbahfhi fuabrnur hmh`hg

pb`heshnh eonstusi, ehrbnh itu ùrhg

mhn lhjht ghsi` `b`hnf khahthn kufh

abebrkh sbsuhi mbnfhn eonstusi.

Mbnfhn sistbj sbpbr itu, pb`hyhnhn

hehn jbrhth mhn mhe piìg-piìg ehsig.

‚Khmi, mhe hmh urushn sbnhnf

mhn mhe sbnhnf, fhntbnf mhn mhe

fhntbnf. Jbrbeh sihp mitbjphtehn mi

jhnh shkh,‚ ehthnyh.

Mbnfhn euhìehsi ùrhg mhn

lhjht ghsi` `b`hnf khahtn, Koeowi

hehn jbjhsehn ahgwh sbjuh

pbrhnfeht itu ghrus abebrkh mhn turun

‚Jhnhkbjbn

pbnfhwhshn, jhnhkbjbn

lontro`, shnfht inti

mh`hj pb`heshnhhn. Itu

eb`bjhghn pbjbrinthghn

eith sb`hjh ini. \bkhe

pbrbnlhnhehhn shjphi

pb`heshnhhn ghrusmieontro`. Orhnf ebrkh

ghrus mihwhsi mhn ghrus

jbrhsh tbrhwhsi, hmh

eontro` ghrihn, jinffuhn

mhn sbtbrusnyh. Mhn

yhnf `baig pbntinf, ghrus

hmh inmbx fovbrnjbnt

sbrvilb, tinfeht

pb`hyhnhn mhn ebpuhshn

pb`hyhnhn ghrus hmh,‚



=8IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

eb jhsyhrheht sblhrh `hnfsunf. ‐\ihph

yhnf rhkin hehn ebthguhn. Lbe shkh,

sbehrhnf ùrhg mhn lhjht sbehrhnf

turun sbjuh. Ehrbnh proa`bjh itu

hmh mi `hphnfhn, mi ehjpunf, hmh mi

rheyht, auehn mi ehntor. Yhnf pbnnf,

pbrsoh`hn-pbrsoh`hn yhnf tbrkhmi mi

`hphnfhn ghrus misb`bshiehn.‚

Sb`heshnhhnnyh pun mhetbr`bphs mhri eontro`. Mhri prosbs

pbrbnlhnhhn ginffh pb`heshnhhn,

sistbj pbnfhwhshn ghrus mitbrhpehn.

‚Jhnhkbjbn pbnfhwhshn, jhnhkbjbn

lontro`, shnfht in mh`hj pb`heshnhhn.

Itu eb`bjhghn pbjbrinthghn eith

sb`hjh ini.

\bkhe pbrbnlhnhhn shjphi

pb`heshnhhn ghrus mieontro`. Orhnf

ebrkh ghrus mihwhsi mhn ghrus jbrhsh

tbrhwhsi, hmh eontro` ghrihn, jinffuhn

mhn sbtbrusnyh. Mhn yhnf baig pbnnf,ghrus hmh inmbx fovbrnjbnt sbrvilb,

nfeht pb`hyhnhn mhn ebpuhshn

pb`hyhnhn ghrus hmh,‚ phphrnyh.

Koeowi kufh theehn sbfhn-sbfhn

jbnkhtugehn shnesi tbfhs ebphmh

ùrhg hthu lhjht hthu sihph pun

pbrhnfehtnyh yhnf jb`bnlbnf hthu

jbnyh`hgfunhehn ebwbnhnfhn.

\b`hin `b`hnf khahthn ùrhg

mhn lhjht, Koeowi kufh sbmhnf

jbjpbrsihpehn `b`hnf khahthn untue

ebph`h sbeo`hg mhn ebph`h pusebsjhs.

Itu sbjuh hmh`hg uphyh jbjabriehn

pb`hyhnhn ebphmh jhsyhrheht sblhrh

`hnfsunf mhn ahie.

Jhsh Ebli`

Koeo Vimomo `hgir mhri phshnfhn Noto

Jighrmko mhn \ukihtji Notojighrko.

Gimup mh`hj ebùhrfh mhe jhjpu

jbjauhtnyh ghrus jbnlhri muit

sbnmiri. Mih abrmhfhnf, jbnfokbe

phyunf, mhn khmi euì phnffu` untue

ebpbrùhn sbeo`hg mhn uhnf khkhn.

\hht hnhe-hnhe `hin eb sbeo`hg

mbnfhn sbpbmh, ih jbjiìg untue

tbthp abrkh`hn ehei. Jbwhrisi ebhgìhn

abrtuehnf ehyu mhri hyhgnyh, mih ju`hi

jbnffbrfhki phmh ujur 81 thgun.

]ifh ehì pbnffusurhn yhnf

mih`hjinyh mi jhsh ebli` jbjbnfhrugi

lhrh abrpieirnyh mhn ebpbjijpinhnnyh

eb`he sbtb`hg jbnkhmi Vhì Eoth \oò

shht ghrus jbnbraehn pbrjueijhn

pbnmumue.

Jhsh Euìhg mhn Abrwirhushgh

Mbnfhn pbrdorjh hehmbjis yhnf

mijiìei, Koeowi mitbrijh mi Kurushn

Ebguthnhn, Dheu`ths Ebguthnhn

Rnivbrsiths Fhmkhg Jhmh, Yofyhehrth.

Ebsbjphthn ini mijhndhhtehnnyh untue

ab`hkhr struetur ehyu, pbjhndhhthn,

mhn tbenoòfinyh.

\b`bphs euìhg, mih abebrkh mi

ARJN thpi ghnyh sbabnthr. Koeowi

jbjutusehn ebùhr mhn jbju`hi ushgh

mbnfhn jbnkhjinehn rujhg ebli` shtu-

shtunyh, mhn hegirnyh abrebjahnf

sbginffh jbjahwhnyh abrtbju Jil`

Qojhenhn, yhnf hegirnyh jbjabrinyh

phnffi`hn yhnf popu`br ginffh eini,

Koeowi.

Mbnfhn ebkukurhn mhn ebrkh

ebrhsnyh, mih miabri ebsbjphthn

abrebììnf Broph. Sbnhthhn eoth-eoth mi Broph jbjabrinyh inspirhsi.

Mih infin jbnbrhpehn ebpbjijpinhn

jhnusihwi sbrth jbwukumehn eoth

yhnf abrshghaht. Mhn itu`hg yhnf

mi`heuehnnyh mi \oò, kufh mi Khehrth. ●

]ij Qbmhesi




Ehribr Soìe

Vhì Eoth \oò

Abrabeh` pbnfh`hjhn jhsh jumh,

mih jbnfbjahnfehn \oò. Mi ahwhg

ebpbjijpinhnnyh, \oò abruahg pbsht

sbginffh jbnkhmi ehkihn mi univbrsithsmi abrahfhi nbfhrh.

Qbarhnminf \oò

Arhnminf untue Eoth \oò

mi`heuehn mbnfhn jbnybtukui sòfhn

‐\oò; ]gb \pirit od Khvh‚. @hnfehg

yhnf mi`heuehnnyh lueup profrbsid

untue ueurhn eoth mi Khwh; ih jhjpu

jbrbòehsi pbmhfhnf ahrhnf abehs mi

]hjhn Ahnkhrshri ghjpir thnph fbko`heuntue jbrbvithìshsi dunfsi `hghn gikhu

tbraueh, jbjabri syhrht phmh invbstor

untue jhu jbjieirehn ebpbnnfhn

puaìe, jb`heuehn eojuniehsi `hnfsunf

run mhn tbraueh (misihrehn o`bg tb`bvisi

òeh`) mbnfhn jhsyhrheht.

]hjhn Ah`behjahnf, yhnf tb`hnthr

sbkhe minffhèhn o`bg pbnfbò`hnyh,

mikhmiehn thjhn. Koeowi kufh the sbfhn

jbnhjpie invbstor yhnf mhe sbtuku

mbnfhn prinsip ebpbjijpinhnnyh.

\bahfhi nmhe `hnkut arhnminf mih

jbnfhkuehn \oò jbnkhmi hnffoth

Orfhnishsi Eoth-eoth Vhrishn Munih

mhn mitbrijh phmh thgun 1334.

@hnfehgnyh abr`hnkut mbnfhn

ebabrghsi`hn \oò jbnkhmi tuhn rujhg

Eondbrbnsi orfhnishsi tbrsbaut phmh

Oetoabr 1337. \htu sbabùjnyh, \oò

kufh jbnkhmi tuhn rujhg Dbsvh Jusie

Munih (DJM) yhnf mihmhehn mi eojp`bes

Abntbnf Thstbnaurf yhnf tbrhnlhj

mifusur untue mikhmiehn pusht aisnis

mhn pbrab`hnkhhn. DJM phmh 1337

misb`bnffhrhehn mi eojp`bes Isthnh

Jhnfeunbfhrhn.

Jbnmhjhiehn Ebrhton \urhehrth

Shmh 88 Kuni 133= Sheu Auwono

WII whdht thnph sbjpht jbnunkue

pbrjhisuri jhupun putrh jhgeoth

sbginffh tbrkhmi pbrtbnthnfhn mi hnthrh

ebmuh putrhnyh, \hjpbyhn Mh`bj

Infehnf \inuwun Ehnkbnf \usugunhn

(\MI\E\) Sheu Auwono WIII mhn

Ehnkbnf Fus Shnfbrhn Ghryo (EFSG)

Shnbjahghn Hfunf ]bmkowu`hn.\b`hjh tukug thgun hmh muh rhkh yhnf

mitunkue o`bg ebmuh pighe mi mh`hj

shtu Ebrhton.

Eonie ini hegirnyh jbnmoronf

lhjpur thnfhn pbjbrinthg Qbpuaìe

Inmonbsih mbnfhn jbnhwhrehn

muhìsjb ebpbjijpinhn, mbnfhn

Sheu Auwono WIII sbahfhi rhkh mhn

EFSG Shnbjahghn Hfunf ]bmkowu`hn

sbahfhi whei` hthu jhghphg.

Sbnhnmhthnfhnhn ebsbphghjhn

ini mimueunf o`bg bjpht jbntbri,yhitu Jbntbri Mh`hj Nbfbri, Jbntbri

Sbnmimiehn mhn Ebaumhyhhn, Jbntbri

Sbebrkhhn Rjuj sbrth Jbntbri

Shriwishth mhn Beonoji Erbhd. Nhjun

eonie abùj sb`bshi ehrbnh ababrhph

ebùhrfh ebrhton jhsig jbno`he

pbnyhtuhn ini.

Sunlhenyh hmh`hg pbno`hehn hths

Qhkh mhn Jhghphg untue jbjhsuei

Ebrhton phmh thnffh` 12 Jbi 1381.

Ebmuhnyh milbfht mi pintu uthjh

Ebrhton mi Eoriehjhnmobnfhn. Koeowi

hegirnyh abrpbrhn jbnyhtuehn ebjahì

pbrpblhghn ini sbtb`hg mb`hphn au`hn

jbnbjui shtu pbr shtu pighe ebrhton

yhnf tbrìaht mh`hj pbrtbnthnfhn.

Shmh = Kuni 1381 Ebtuh MSQ Jhrzuei

Hìb jbnyhthehn abrhegirnyh eonie

Ebrhton \urhehrth yhnf mimueunf o`bg

pbrnyhthhn ebsbmihhn jb`bphs fb`hr

o`bg Shnbjahghn Hfunf ]bmkowu`hn,

sbrth ebsihphn ebmuh ebùhrfh untue

jb`heuehn rbeonsiìhsi.

Sbnfghrfhhn

Shmh 81 Hfustus 1388, Koeowijbnmhpht pbnfghrfhhn Ainthnf Khsh

Rthjh untue prbsthsinyh sbahfhi

ebph`h mhbrhg jbnfhamiehn miri

ebphmh rheyht. Ainthnf Khsh Rthjh

ini hmh`hg pbnfghrfhhn tbrnffi yhnf

miabriehn ebphmh whrfh nbfhrh sipi`.

Shmh Khnuhri 138<, Koeowi minoahtehn

sbahfhi whì eoth tbrahie ebfh mi munih

hths ebabrghsi`hnnyh mh`hj jbjijpin

\oò sbahfhi eoth sbni mhn aumhyh, eoth

phìnf abrsig mhri eorupsi, sbrth eoth

yhnf phìnf ahie pbnhthhnnyh.

Eursi Fuabrnur

Koeowi mijinth sblhrh priahmi

o`bg Kusud Eh``h untue jbnlhònehn

miri sbahfhi Fuabrnur MEI

Khehrth phmh Si`fua MEI thgun

1381. Ehrbnh jbruphehn ehmbr SMI

Sbrkuhnfhn, Kusud Eh``h jbjinth

mueunfhn mhri Jbfhwh \obehrnoputri,

yhnf hwh`nyh tbrìght jhsig rhfu.

\bahfhi whei`, Hgoe yhnf shht itu

jbnkhmi hnffoth MSQ milhònehn

jbnmhjpinfi Koeowi mbnfhn pinmhg eb

Fbrinmrh ehrbnh Foèhr tb`hg sbpheht

jbnmueunf H`bx Nobrmin sbahfhi

lhfua.

Shshnfhn ini hwh`nyh mhe

miunffuèhn. Gh` ini tbrìght mhri e`hij

lhòn pbthghnh yhnf mipbreuht o`bg

@infehrhn \urvbi Inmonbsih ahgwh

phshnfhn Dhuzi Aowo mhn Nhlgrowi

\hht hnhe-hnhe `hin eb

sbeo`hg mbnfhn sbpbmh,

ih jbjiìg untue tbthp

abrkh`hn ehei. Jbwhrisi

ebhgìhn abrtuehnf ehyumhri hyhgnyh, mih ju`hi

jbnffbrfhki phmh ujur

81 thgun.

]ifh ehì pbnffusurhn

yhnf mih`hjinyh mi

jhsh ebli` jbjbnfhrugi

lhrh abrpieirnyh mhn

ebpbjijpinhnnyh eb`he sbtb`hg jbnkhmi Vhì

Eoth \oò shht ghrus

jbnbrtiaehn pbrjueijhn

pbnmumue.

O]ONOJI



=<IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

Qhjì hehn jbjbnhnfehn pièhmh

mh`hj shtu puthrhn.

\b`hin itu, SE\ yhnf jbrhup `baig

mhri =1 pbrsbn suhrh untue Hmhnf

Mhrhmkhtun mi Sièhmh 1336 kufh

jbnfusunf Gimhyht Nur Vhgim yhnf

sumhg miebnh` rheyht sbahfhi EbtuhJSQ pbriomb 133=-1339.

Miahnminfehn mbnfhn phrthi hinnyh,

SMIS mhn Fbrinmrh ghnyh jbnmhpht

jhsinf-jhsinf 88 mhn 4 eursi mhri toth`

9= eursi, kieh miahnminfehn mbnfhn <1

eursi jiìe Shrthi Mbjoerht untue Dhuzi

Aowo, sbrth 87 eursi jiìe SE\ untue

Gimhyht Nur Vhgim. Nhjun, @S<B\

sumhg jbjprbmiesi Koeowi mhn Dhuzi

Aowo hehn abrtbju mi puthrhn ebmuh.

Gitunf lbpht yhnf mi`heuehnsbkuj`hg `bjahfh survbi phmh ghri

pbjiìghn, 88 Kuì 1381 mhn sbghri

sbtb`hg itu, jbjpbrìghtehn Koeowi

jbjijpin, mbnfhn Dhuzi Aowo mi

posisi ebmuh. Shshnfhn ini abrahìe

miunffuèhn jbjbnhnfi Sièhmh

Khehrth 1381 ehrbnh ebmbehthn Koeowi

mbnfhn Gimhyht Nur Vhgim shht Sièhmh

\oò 1383 sbrth pbnmueunf Dhish` Ahsri

mhn H`bx Nobrmin mhri ghsi` survbi

lbnmbrunf abrhìg ebphmhnyh.

Sièhmh Khehrth 1381 Suthrhn Ebmuh

Koeowi abrushgh jbnfguaunfi mhn

jbnfunkunfi sbùrug lhòn, tbrjhsue

Dhuzi Aowo, nhjun ghnyh abrghsi`

abrsi`hturhgji mbnfhn Gimhyht Nur

Vhgim mhn jbjunluèhn spbeu`hsi

hmhnyh eohìsi mi puthrhn ebmuh.

\btb`hgnyh, Dhuzi Aowo kufh abrtbju

mbnfhn Gimhyht Nur Vhgim.

Nhjun ebhmhhn abrahìe sbtb`hg

phrthi-phrthi pbnmueunf lhòn

`hinnyh mi puthrhn pbrthjh, jh`hg

jbnyhthehn mueunfhn ebphmh Dhuzi

Aowo. Guaunfhn Koeowi mbnfhn

SE\ kufh jbjaurue mbnfhn hmhnyh

tuminfhn ahgwh j suesbs Koeowi

jbjunluèhn isu jhghr poìe Qp 23

jiìhr. SE\ jbjinth isu ini migbnehn,

sbjbnthrh j suesbs Koeowi jbno`he

tuminfhn jbnybautehn hnfeh ijah`hn

tbrsbaut.

Eonmisi ebgi`hnfhn potbnsi

mueunfhn mhri phrthi-phrthi abshr

mie`hij Koeowi sbahfhi dbnojbnh

‐Eohìsi Qheyht jb`hwhn Eohìsi

Shrthi‚. E`hij ini miahnthg pighe Shrthi

Mbjoerht ehrbnh SMIS mhn Fbrinmrh

tbthp jbruphehn phrthi poìe yhnf

jbnmueunf Koeowi, mhe sbpbr Dhish`

Ahsri mhn Gbnmhrmki yhnf jbruphehn

lhòn inmbpbnmbn. Koeowi hegirnyh

jbnmhpht mueunfhn mhri toeog-toeog

pbnnf sbpbr Jisahegun mhri SE\,

Kusud Eh``h mhri Shrthi Foèhr, Inmrh K

Siìhnf mhri Shrthi Foèhr, sbrth Qojo

Gbri yhnf jbruphehn hmie iphr Dhuzi

Aowo.

Sbrthrunfhn poìe kufh jbrhjahg

eb munih jbmih sosih` mbnfhn pbùnlurhn

Khsjbv, pbjabntuehn jbmih lbntbr ,sbrth pbjhndhhthn jbmih ahru mh`hj

ehjphnyb poìe, sbpbr Youtuab.

Sighe Dhuzi Aowo jbnyhthehn kufh ieut

turun eb jbmih sosih`, tbthpi jbnfheui

eb`baighn j suesbs mhn pbnmueunf

Koeowi mi ehnh` ini.

Suthrhn ebmuh kufh miwhrnhi

abrahfhi tuminfhn ehjphnyb githj,

yhnf hnthrh `hin abreishr mh`hj isu

\HQH, isu ebahehrhn yhnf misbnfhkh,

eorupsi, mhn poìe trhnshesionh`.

Jbnkb`hnf puthrhn ebmuh, abrahfhi

survbi ebjahì abrjunlu`hn yhnf

jbjprbmiesi ebjbnhnfhn Koeowi,

hnthrh `hin <4,6= pbrsbn jb`hwhn

19,=6 pbrsbn (\\\F), 61,=7 pbrsbn

jb`hwhn 16,21 pbrsbn (INB\), =2,8<

pbrsbn jb`hwhn <6,2< pbrsbn

(InmoAhrojbtbr), mhn =2,4 pbrsbn

jb`hwhn ==,6 pbrsbn (@bjahfh \urvbi

Inmonbsih).

\btb`hg pbjunfuthn suhrh

puthrhn ebmuh, ghsi` pbnfgitunfhnlbpht @bjahfh \urvbi Inmonbsih

jbjpbrìghtehn phshnfhn Koeowi-

Hgoe sbahfhi pbjbnhnf mbnfhn 2<,78

pbrsbn. \bjbnthrh rivh`nyh, Dhuzi

Aowo-Nhlgrowi Qhjì,jbnmhpht =4,89

pbrsbn. Ghsi` sbruph kufh mipbro`bg

o`bg quile lount InmoAhrojbtbr 2=.1=

pbrsbn jb`hwhn =2.64 pbrsbn, mhn

ìjh sthsiun ]T.

Sbreirhhn sbjbnthrh o`bg jbtomb

quile lount mipbreuht o`bg rbh` lount

SMIS, mbnfhn ghsi` 2=,31 pbrsbnjb`hwhn =2,97 pbrsbn mhn Lyrus

Nbtwore 2=,61 pbrsbn jb`hwhn

=2,12 pbrsbn. Mhn hegirnyh, phmh 19

\bptbjabr 1381 ESRM MEI Khehrth

jbnbthpehn phshnfhn Koeowi-Hgoe

sbahfhi Fuabrnur mhn Vhei` Fuabrnur

Khehrth 1381-1386 jbnffhnehn Dhuzi

Aowo-Srikhnto.

]ij Qbmhesi



== IN]BFQI]H\ - Novbjabr 138<

Hnmh pbrnhg jbnfhthehn tukug lhrh untuejbnfhthsi ahnkir, yhitu pbjauhthn mbbp tunb` ,pbnfbruehn 8< ehì, pbjauhthn 833 riau sujurrbshphn, pbnhjahghn ruhnf tbraueh gikhu, sombthnLiìwunf, thnffu` rheshsh mi Khehrth Rthrh. \hht ini,jhnh shkh yhnf sumhg abrkh`hn mhn sumhg shjphithghp hph?

Koeowi ;

Srofrhj yhnf sumhg abrkh`hn sh`hg shtunyhpbnfbruehn ehì mhn norjhìshsi whmue. Eith shht

ini doeus mi norjhìshsi whsue, sbpbrti Vhmue Sùitebjumihn Vhmue Qih Qio ehrbnh whmue itu ehn aishabrdunfsi untue jbnhjpunf hir, tbruthjh mi jusijgukhn.

Sbnhjahghn ruhnf tbraueh gikhu sumhg abrkh`hn mhnehji sb`hù jbnyhjaut ahie niht whrfh yhnf abrsbmihjbnkuh` `hghnnyh phmh Sbjprov MEI Khehrth. ]brehit833 riau sujur rbshphn, phstinyh ehji hehn tbrusjhesijhèhn. \hyh rhsh itu yhnf shht ini jbnmbshe untuemi`heuehn.

Hph ebnmh`h yhnf mighmhpi Sbjprov MEI mh`hjtihp profrhj tbrsbaut?

Koeowi ;

\bkhug ini abùj hmh ebnmh`h yhnf abrhrti. Ehji shhtini sbmhnf fiht-fihtnyh jbnfhjphnybehn ‚KhehrtheuAbrsig‚, tbruthjh ahfi whrfh yhnf tinffh` mi ahnthrhnehì. Jbrbeh ghrus ju`hi jbnfuahg pbri`heunyh ehrbnhshjphg-shjphg itu jbnybahaehn pbnmhnfeh`hn sunfhimhn abrpotbnsi jbnijauèhn ahnkir.

Hphehg hmh profrhj thjahghn yhnf hehn

mi`heuehn untue jbnfhthsi ahnkir? Rntuejbwukumehnnyh tbntu pbrù abrsinbrfi mbnfhnpbjbrinthg mhbrhg `hin mi sbeithr Khehrth. Aish Hnmh kb`hsehn?

Koeowi ;

Eoorminhsi phstinyh mi`heuehn. Ehji tbrusabreojuniehsi mbnfhn pbjbrinthg mhbrhg pbnyhnffhhfhr ieut shjh-shjh jbnkhfh ebabrsighn ìnfeunfhn.\hht ini sbmhnf mijhthnfehn eonsbpnyh. \hyh infin whrfh tbrsosihìshsi mhn tbrbmuesi mbnfhn ahie. Jbjhnf,

shht ini ehji jhsig dolus phmh norjhìshsi whmue.

Hmh ababrhph profrhj yhnf mifuìrehn SbjprovMEI untue aimhnf trhnsporthsi. Srofrhj hph shkh yhnf shht ini sumhg abrkh`hn mhn shjphi thghp hph?

Koeowi ;

Sbnhjahghn hrjhmh aus ]rhnskhehrth sumhg abrkh`hn. Ebmbphn ehji hehn tbrus jbrbjhkhehn aus-aus yhnf sumhgtimhe `hyhe kh`hn. Abfitu kufh mbnfhn hrjhmh Eophkh mhnJbtro Jini. \hht ini ehji tbrus sosihìshsiehn ebnmhrhhn

yhnf timhe òòs uki EIQ yhnf timhe aish miphehi mhnnhntinyh hehn mifhnti mbnfhn hrjhmh ahru. \hyh rhshsbkhug ini kufh abùj hmh ebnmh`h abrhrti. Jhsig aishmihthsi`hg ....

Hmh profrhj thjahghn?

Koeowi ;

Ehkihn untue trhnsporthsi MEI ini ehn sumhg shnfhtahnyhe. Yh, tinffh` piìg yhnf phs mhn `hnfsunf besbeusi.Rntue profrhj tbrehit trhnsporthsi intinyh ehn eithpbnfbjahnfhn hnfeuthn jhssh`, tbthp urushn auswhy ,

JQ], jonorhi`. Ebjumihn, rbnlhnh pbjahthshn `hùìnths mhn pbnfbnmhìhn-pbnhthhn phreir, pbninfehthnehphsiths kh`hn, mhn pbnbrtiahn SE@. \bkhug inieoorminhsi tbrus mi`heuehn.

Mh`hj rhpht phripurnh MSQM, Ahphe jbnfhthehnhmh ababrhph profrhj pbjprov MEI mi aimhnfebsbghthn. Yhitu EK\, pbninfehthn einbrkh pb`hyhnhnebsbghthn, pbjahnfunhn ahru Q\RM, pbninfehthnpb`hyhnhn EA Frhtis mi Susebsjhs, Q\RM mhn rujhgsheit yhnf mitunkue sbrth pbjahnfunhn, rbgha toth`,

rbgha abrht mhn pbrùhshn pusebsjhs rhwht inhp.

Mhri sbjuh profrhj itu, profrhj hph shkh yhnf shhtini sumhg abrkh`hn mhn shjphi thghp hph?

Koeowi ;

Sb`hyhnhn puaìe mi aimhnf ebsbghthn yhnf `hinnyh yhitupb`hyhnhn pusebsjh (pusebsjhs 1= khj, rhwht inhp),pb`hyhnhn rujhg sheit, khjinhn pbrshìnhn, EA frhtis,hjau`hn frhtis, posyhnmu, pbjabrihn vithjin.

Vhwhnlhrh IN]BFQI]H\ abrshjh Koeowi

O]ONOJI




Rntue pbnfoahthn pbnyheit sbpbrti ehnebr, khntunf mhnluli mhrhg aihyh mithnffunf kufh hsh` jbnfieuti syhrht-syhrht yhnf sumhg mitbthpehn.

Rntue tbnhfh jbmis, jbjhnf mihkuehn pbnhjaghnnyhabrshjhhn mbnfhn pbnhjahghn dhsiìths ehjhr eb`hs IIImhn dhsiìths `hinnyh sbpbrti NILR, ILR, mhn ILLR mi

sbùrug Q\RM mi Khehrth. Eh`hu dhsiìthsnyh mithjahg,jheh tbnhfh jbmisnyh kufh pbrù mithjahg.

Eonmisi shht ini mi Khehrth jhsig ebeurhnfhn dhsiìthsehjhr eb`hs III yhnf aish jb`hyhni phsibn mbnfhnprofrhj EK\. \btimhenyh mhri 91 rujhg sheit yhnfhmh, ghnyh tbrmhpht 4.787 tbjpht timur mi eb`hs III. Kuj`hg itu tbrmiri mhri =.321 tbjpht timur mi rujhgsheit pbjbrinthg mhn 1.644 tbjpht timur mi rujhgsheit swhsth. \bjbnthrh kuj`hg phsihn jbònkhe ginffh63%. \babùj pbnhjahghn abrahfhi dhsiìths mhn tbnhfhjbmis ini tbrbhìshsi, sumhg miebùhrehn ebaikhehn mbnfhn

jbnfuahg 62 pbrsbn ehjhr eb`hs II jbnkhmi eb`hs III.Rntue profrhj Ehrtu Khehrth \bght (EK\), jbseipunhmh ebeurhnfhn mi shnh sini, tbraueti shnfht miautugehnjhsyhrheht. \bkhe miùnlurehn 83 Novbjabr 1381, kuthhn whrfh tb`hg jbjhndhhtehn EK\. ]hgun 138< shkhsbahnyhe ghjpbr 1 kuth whrfh yhnf jbjhndhhtehn EK\untue ebsbghthnnyh. \b`hin itu ehji jbjpbrahiei sistbjrukuehn mhn jbjauht lh`` lbntbr 889 untue indorjhsiebtbrsbmihhn tbjpht mi rujhg sheit.

Jbjhnf timhe jumhg untue jbnyhtuehn sbjuh pighe.Jbjhnf yhnf nhjhnyh pbjabrihn indorjhsi mhneojuniehsi pbntinf mi`heuehn.

Ahfhijhnh sinbrfi hnthrhSbjbrinthg SrovinsiMEI mbnfhn MSQM,Sbjrinthg pusht, pbjrinthgmhbrhg `hinnyh (mbthabe)mhn pbnfushgh mh`hjjbnfijp`bjbnthsiehnsbjuh profrhj tbrsbaut?

Koeowi;

Shmh mhshrnyh, rbnlhnhpbjahnfunhn mi Khehrthahfihn mhri pbrsihphnpbnyusunhn HSAN mhnnoth ebuhnfhn 138=.]bntunyh ghrus hmh sinbrfihnthrh pbjbrinthg pushtmbnfhn pbjbrinthg pushtmbnfhn pbjbrinthg mhbrhg`hinnyh, hph`hfi mh`hj gh`

pbjahnfunhn. Sbjahnfunhn mi MEI Khehrth timhehehn abrghsi` kieh timhe hmh sinbrfi hnthrh pbjbrinthgpusht mhn mhbrhg. Beonoji sblhrh nhsionh` ghnyh aishabrebjahnf kieh pbjbrinthg mhri tinfeht provinsi,ehauphtbn mhn eoth aish shìnf jbnmueunf. Hph`hfi, Khehrth sbahfhi iau eoth nbfhrh sbehìfus pusht aisnis

beonoji ghrus jhjpu jbnkhmi lontog ahfi mhbrhg`hinnyh. Ehrbnh itu MEI Khehrth tbntunyh hehn tbrusabrsinbrfi mhn shìnf jbnmueunf.

Ahphe pbrnhg jbnfunfehpehn ahgwh ahphejbjahwh jbtomb ahphe abebrkh sbahfhi pbnfushghjbab` ebmh`hj airoerhsi yhitu abebrkh bdbsibn(hnffhrhn), jbnfuthjhehn euhìths (pbjahnfunhnabreuhìths untue rheyht) mhn tbpht whetu. Hph shkhebnmh`h yhnf ahphe ghmhpi mh`hj jbnbrhpehn tifhprinsip tbrsbaut mh`hj jbnfbò`h Khehrth?

Koeowi;Jbnurut shyh sbkhug ini ebnmh`h MEI Khehrthitu hmh`hg prosbs jonitorinf mhn lontro`ìnf yhnfahfus. Mh`hj sbauhg jhnhkbjbn eh`hu timhejbjiìei jonitorinf mhn lontro`ìnf yhnf ahfus yhnsbjuh khmi sih-sih. Mh`hj ahnyhe gh`, MEI Khehrth jhsig`bjhg mh`hj gh` jonitorinf , jish`nyh pbnbrtiahn SE@,ghais mitbrtiaehn `hù timhe hmh lontro`ìnf `hfi, sbjinffuhthu sbau`hn ebjumihn yhnf phsti ahnyhe SE@ nyhahìe `hfi. Itu sh`hg shtu lontog mhn ahnyhe jonitorinf-jonitorinf `hinnyh yhnf timhe abrkh`hn sbahfhijhnhjbstinyh.




\btb`hg sbeihn `hjh jbnkhaht sbahfhi Fuabrnur MEI,hph phnmhnfhn ahphe tbnthnf eonmisi Khehrth?

Koeowi;

Khehrth phstinyh tbrus abrabnhg untue jbnkhmi eoth yhnfhjhn, nyhjhn mhn jhnusihwi. \bsuhi visi Khehrth ahrusbahfhi eoth jombrn yhnf tbrthth rhpi, jbnkhmi tbjphtgunihn `hyhe mhn jhnusihwi, jbjiìei jhsyhrhehtyhnf abrebaumhyhhn mhn mbnfhn pbjbrinthghn yhnf

abroribnthsi phmh pb`hyhnhn puaìe. Eith jhsig mh`hjprosbs jbnuku ebshnh.

Hph hehr pbrjhsh`hghn eoth Khehrth?

Koeowi;

Yh itu thmi, `bjhgnyh joni-torinf mhn lontro`ìnf mh`hjsbauhg sistbj pbjbrinthghn. Sbrhturhn miauht thpi timhemikh`hnehn, hegirnyh ahnyhe yhnf jb`hnffhr hturhn mhnmiaihrehn shkh.

Mh`hj abrahfhi ebsbjphthn ahphe jbnfhthehnahgwh pbnfontro`hn hmh`hg gh` yhnf shnfht pbntinfmh`hj pb`heshnhhn profrhj. Hphehg jbnurut ahphe khkhrhn Sbjprov MEI jhsig ghrus miabnhgi tbrehitdunfsi pbnfontro`hn tbrsbaut?

Koeowi;

]imhe ghnyh khkhrhnnyh shkh yhnf miabnhgi. Sbjabnhghnhehn mi`heuehn mh`hj sbjuh hspbe.

Hph thnthnfhn tbrabshr yhnf ahpherhshehn sb`hjh jbnkhaht sbahfhifuabrnur?

Koeowi;

Abùj hmh thnthnfhn yhnf abrhrti, aihshshkh.

Ahphe ehthehn ahgwh sbtihp ghrighnyh timur muh khj, thpi tbthp tbrìghtbnbrfie mhn drbsg. Hph rhghsihnyh?

Koeowi;

Khju aieinhn istbri mi phfi ghri.

Hph ghrhphn ahphe untue eoth Khehrthmhn Inmonbsih sblhrh ebsbùrughn?

Koeowi;

Infin jbwukumehn visi Khehrth ahru thmi.

Mh`hj jbjijpin whrfh Khehrthahphe tbrìght jbnffunhehn pbnmbehthn‐jbnmbnfhrehn hspirhsi whrfh mbnfhn ghti‚. ]hpipbnmbehthn ebpbjijpinhn sbpbrti hph yhnf ahphetbrhpehn untue khkhrhn Sbjprov MEI?

Koeowi;

Sbnmbehthnnyh aihsh shkh. Yhnf pbntinf hmh yhnf sumhgmirbnlhnhehn yh ghrus tunths. Eh`hu timhe abrkh`hnsbahfhijhnh jbstinyh yh mifhnti. Abfitu shkh.

Hph ghrhphn ahphe eb mbphn untue miri mhn ehrirpoìtie ahphe?

Koeowi;

Ghrhphn shyh sbjofh visi Khehrth Ahru mhpht tbrwukum.Itu shkh.

Hphehg ahphe eojitjbn hehn jbnyb`bshiehn tufhsahphe sbahfhi fuabrnur MEI shjphi hegir pbriomb?

Koeowi;

Yh phsti monf, ebrkh jhsh sbtbnfhg-sbtbnfhg.

Ahnyhe pbrjhsh`hghn mhbrhg `hinnyh ebsuìthnjbjauht profrhj tbrehit ebtbrahthshn hnffhrhn. Hphsoùsi ahphe untue mhbrhg-mhbrhg sbpbrti itu?

Koeowi;

\b`hjh aish jbnfbò`hnyh mbnfhn ahie sbjuhebtbrahthshn itu phsti mhpht mihthsi.

O]ONOJI




JHB\]QO GRERJ

Abrhnths Jonby @hunmry?

AbriehnESE Ebwbnhnfhn

Sbnuntuthn ]SSR!

Mr Ybnti Fhnhrsig, \G. JG.Mosbn Rnivbrsiths ]risheti

]inmhe pimhnh pbnlulihn uhnf miebnhehn auehn ghnyh ebphmh pb`heu

eorupsi thpi kufh ebphmh orhnf-orhnf yhnf jbnbrijh uhnf ghsi`

eorupsi. Mi shjpinf itu, nbfhrh kufh ghrus sbfbrh jbjauht unmhnf-

unmhnf tbnthnf pbrhjphshn hsbt-hsbt mhn pbjiseinhn ahfi phrh

pb`heu tinmhe pimhnh eorupsi mhn pbnlulihn uhnf.





JHB\]QO GRERJ

Abrmhshrehn Shsh` <

RR No.7 thgun 1383

tbnthnf Sbnlbfhghn mhn

Sbjabrhnthshn ]inmhe Simhnh

Sbnlulihn Rhnf (]SSR), pbnlulihn

uhnf (jonby `hunmry ) hmh`hg ‐suhtu

pbrauhthn yhnf mi`heuehn o`bg

sbhp orhnf yhnf jbnbjphtehn,

jbntrhnsdbr, jbnfhìgehn, jbjab`hn-

khehn, jbjahyhrehn, jbnfgiahgehn,

jbnipehn, jbjahwh eb ùhr nbfbri,

jbnfuahg abntue, jbnuehrehn mb-

nfhn jhth uhnf hthu surht abrghrfh

hthu pbrauhthn `hin hths ghrth

ebehyhhn yhnf miebthguinyh hthu phtut

mimufhnyh jbruphehn ghsi` nmhe

pimhnh mbnfhn tukuhnjbnybjaunyiehn

hthu jbnyhjhrehn hsh` usu` ghrth

ebehyhhn‚.

‐@baig sbmbrghnhnyh, pbnlulihn

uhnf hmh`hg sbhp orhnf hthu pighe

jbniejh mhn jbjhndhhtehn ghsi`

ebkhghthn eorupsi, ahie itu mijhsueehn

mh`hj heun hthu miab`hnkhehn hthu

mituehrehn hthu mitrhnsdbrehn,‚ ehth

phehr jonby hunmry Mr Ybn Fhnhrsig

ebphmhIN]BFQI]H\ ebeh miwhwhnlhrhi

mi sb`h-sb`h ebsiauehnnyh jbnfhkhr mi

Dheu`ths Gueuj Rnivbrsiths ]rishe,

Khehrth.

Ybn `baig khug jbnkb`hsehn, mi

Inmonbsih pbnlulihn uhnf miabmhehn

mh`hj fh nmhe pimhnh. Sbrthjh,

nmhe pimhnh pbnlulihn uhnf hed,

yheni sbhp orhnf yhnf jbnbjphtehn,

jbntrhnsdbr, jbnfhìgehn, jbjab`hn-

khehn, jbjahyhrehn, jbnfgiahgehn,

jbnipehn, jbjahwh eb ùhr nbfbri,

jbnfuahg abntue, jbnuehrehn mb-

nfhn uhnf uhnf hthu surht abrghrfh

hthu pbrauhthn hin hths ghrth ebehyhhn

yhnf miebthguinyh hthu phtut mimufhnyh

jbruphehn ghsi` nmhe pimhnh

mbnfhn tukuhn jbnybjaunyiehnhthu jbnyhjhrehn hsh`-usu` ghrth

ebehyhhn.

Ebmuh, nmhe pimhnh pbnlulihn uhnf

phsid miebnhehn ebphmh sbhp orhnf

yhnf jbnbrijh hthu jbnfuhshi

pbnbjphthn, pbntrhnsdbrhn, pbjah-

yhrhn, giahg, sujahnfhn, pbniphn,

pbnuehrhn, hthu jbnffunhehn ghrth

ebehyhhn yhnf miebthguinyh hthu phtut

mimufhnyh jbruphehn ghsi` nmhe

pimhnh.

Ebfh, miebnhehn pu`h ahfi jbrbeh

yhnf jbniejh ghsi` nmhe pimhnh

pbnlulihn uhnf yhnf miebnhehn ebphmh

sbhp orhnf yhnf jbnybjaunyiehn

hthu jbnyhjhrehn hsh` usu`, sujabròehsi, pbruntuehn, pbnfhìghn ghe-

ghe, hthu ebpbjiìehn yhnf sbabnhrnyh

hths ghrth ebehyhhn yhnf miebthguinyh

hthu phtut mimufhnyh jbruphehn ghsi`

nmhe pimhnh.

‐\hnesi ahfi pb`heu nmhe pimhnh

pbnlulihn uhnf hmh`hg lueup abrht,

yheni miju`hi mhri gueujhn pbnkhrh

phìnf `hjh jhesijuj 13 thgun,

mbnfhn mbnmh phìnf ahnyhe 83 jiìhr

rupihg,‚ ehth Mirbetur Besbeud Susht

Ehkihn Sbnlulihn Rhnf mhn SbrhjphshnHsbt (SESRSH) Rnivbrsiths \bab`hs

Jhrbt (RN\) \oò ini.

Sbnnfnyh hturhn ]SSR mh`hj

ebkhghthn eorupsi mhn pbnlulihn uhnf,

`hnkut Ybn, auehn shkh aish jbnkbrht

pb`heu eorupsi yhnf jbniejh sblhrh

`hnfsunf ghsi` eorupsi nhjun kufh aish

jbnkbrht orhnf-orhnf yhnf mimufh

jbnbrijh mhn jbniejh uhnf ghsi`

ebkhghthn eorupsi tbrsbaut.

Mih jbnlontogehn Hei` Jolgthr shnfht

`hyhe miebnhehn ]SSR hed. Srosbs ]SSR

mih `heuehn mbnfhn jbjabì joai`

mbnfhn hths nhjh sopirnyh. Mh`hj

ehsus ini, sopir mifoònfehn ebmh`hj

pb`heu ]SSR phsid.

\bpbr mi`hporehn, ESE jbnyhnfehehn

Hei` Jolgthr sbahfhi pbnbrijh suhp

Qp= jiìhr tbrehit pbnfurushn sbnfebth

Sièhmh Ehauphtbn @bahe (Ahntbn) mhn

sbnfebth Sièhmh Ehauphtbn FununfJhs (Ehìjhnthn ]bnfhg).




Sbnyithhn ESE tbrghmhp fh joai`

jbwhg jiìe Hei`, jbnurut mih, mhe

junfein tbrehit mbnfhn opbrhsi thnfehpthnfhn (O]]) pbnyuhphnnyh. ]ifh joai`

jbwhg itu, ehth mih, abrehithn ]SSR

mh`hj ehsus-ehsus sbabùjnyh. \b`hin

joai`, aue `hin yhnf aish mikhmiehn

sbahfhi aue ]SSR Hei`, yhitu rbebninf

jbnlurifhehn yhnf sumhg mitbrijh

ESE mhri Susht Sb`hporhn mhn Hnhìsis

]rhnshesi Ebuhnfhn (SSH]E).

Ybn mhe sbpbnmhpht ebeh hmh yhnf

jbnfhthehn pb`heu eorupsi mhn ]SSR

yhnf miaòeir rbebninfnyh, ahie itu

suhji hthu istri hthu hnhenyh mihnffhpmhe abrpbriebjhnusihhn.

‐@go, yhnf mhe abrpbriebjhnusihhn

itu sihph, hphehg ebeh suhji hthu

istri hthu hnhe yhnf jbnbrijh trhnsdbr

uhnf ebkhghthn ghsi` eorupsi mhn

]SSR, yhnf nothabnb hmh`hg uhnf

rheyht, mh`hj rbebninfnyh jbjiìei

pbriebjhnusihhn,‚ tbfhs mih.

‐Shmhgh` uhnf rheyht yhnf mieorupsi

itu sbjbsnyh aish mifunhehn untue

mhnh ebsbkhgtbrhhn jhsyhrhehtabruph pbnfoahthn frhs, pbnmimiehn

frhs, jbjahntu mhbrhg yhnf h`hji

eb`hphrhn mhn tbrebnh abnlhnh h`hj.‚

Ih kufh abrpbnmhpht pbrhjphshn ghsi`

eorupsi jbsnyh miebjahìehn ebphmh

nbfhrh hthu ebphmh yhnf abrghe mhn

jbjimhnhehn sihphpun yhnf tbraue

jbniejh ghsi` ebkhghthn.

‐Rnmhnf-unmhnf eith ahru sbahths

jbnfhtur ESE jbninmhe phrh pb`heu

mh`hj ehsus pbnlulihn uhnf mhn abùjjbnybntug ebphmh orhnf yhnf turut

kufh jbnbrijh ghsi` pbnlulihn uhnf

tbrsbaut,‚ kb`hs mih. ‐Ebnmh mbjieihn,

ESE gbnmhenyh mhe pbrù rhfu-rhfu

ahfi pb`heu ]SSR mhn eorupsi yhnf

tbrthnfehp thnfhn untue miebnhehn

kufh phsh pbnlulihn uhnf.‚

RR No 82 thgun 1331 tbnthnf ]SSR

yhnf tb`hg jbnfh`hji muh ehì rbvisi,

jbnurut Ybn, pbrù mirbvisi `hfi hfhr

ESE jbjiìei ebwbnhnfhn untue

pbnuntuthn tbrehit ]SSR. \bahaRR No.7 ]hgun 1383 jbjabriehn

ebwbnhnfhn ebphmh ESE ahru sbahths

pbnyimiehn.

Ybn abrghrhp pbjbrinthg sunffug-

sunffug jbjiìei poìlh` wi`` mh`hj

pbjabrhnthshn nmhe pimhnh eorupsi

mhn ]SSR. Nbfhrh ghrus sbfbrh

jbjauht unmhnf-unmhnf tbnthnf

pbrhjphshn hsbt mhn pbjiseinhn ahfi

phrh pb`heu nmhe pimhnh eorupsi mhn

]SSR.

]he eh`hg pbnnf hmh`hg pbnfbò`hhn

hsbt-hsbt ghsi` eorupsi jbs tbpht

shshrhn. Jish`nyh, hphai`h uhnf ghsi`

eorupsi pbjahnfunhn kbjahthn

jheh ghrus miebjahìehn ebphmh

post pbjahnfunhn kbjahthn, auehn

misbrhgehn ebphmh ebuhnfhn nbfhrh

abfitu shkh.

‐\hyh abrghrhp hfhr fh phebt unmhnf-

unmhnf, yhitu Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Eorupsi,

Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf ]SSR, mhn unmhnf-

unmhnf pbrhjphshn hsbt, sbfbrhmiahghs mhn mishgehn,‚ thnmhs mih.

Aiomhth;

Nhjh ;

Mr Ybn Fhrnhsig, \G, JG

]bjpht/thnffh` `hgir ;

\uehauji, 88 Khnuhri 8929.

Nhjh \uhji ;Arifkbn ]NI Ahjahnf Srhsbtyo

Nhjh hnhe ;

Qhtnh mhn Kbmi

Sbebrkhhn ;

Mosbn gueuj pimhnh aimhnf

beonoji mhn nmhe pimhnh

egusus DG ]rishe.

Sbnmimiehn tbrhegir ;

- @uùshn Moetor mh`hj aimhnf

pbnlulihn uhnf DGRI thgun

133<

- @uùshn Jhfistbr Gueuj DG RI

- @uùshn \hrkhnh Gueuj DG

Rnivbrsiths Sheuhn

(Tiltor/Hnmrbhs)




AHNEINF

Ebghmirhn S] \hrhnh Ju`tifriyh Dinhnsih` (Sbrsbro)Jbjhnf Miautugehn Jhsyhrheht Inmonbsih

Ir Qhghrko Hmisushnto, JJMirbetur Rthjh S] \hrhnh Ju`tifriyh Dinhsih` (Sbrsbro)

\orb itu, miehwhshn Ebahyorhn Ahru tbphtnyh mi mhbrhg Kh`hn Shnf`ijh

So`ij, Khehrth \b`hthn, jhsig jbnfh`hji rintie gukhn. Vhrthwhn Intbfriths

tbthp jbnbjaus rintie gukhn itu, untue jbnkujphi Ir Qhghrko Hmisushnto,

Mirbetur Rthjh S] \hrhnh Ju`tifriyh Dinhnsih` (Sbrsbro) hthu S]. \JD





AHNEINF

\orb itu, miehwhshn Ebahyorhn

Ahru tbphtnyh mi mhbrhg Kh`hn

Shnfìjh Soìj, Khehrth \b`hthn,

jhsig jbnfh`hji rine gukhn.

Vhrthwhn Intbfriths tbthp jbnbjaus

rine gukhn itu, untue jbnkujphi Ir

Qhghrko Hmisushnto, Mirbetur RthjhS] \JD (Sbrsbro). \btb`hg mhe abfitu

`hjh jbnunffu miruhnfhn ebrkhnyh,

hegirnyh abìhu mhthnf, shjai` abrehth

‐whg shyh jinth jhhd jhs, ehìhn hfhe

`hjh jbnunffu‚, ulhpnyh tbrsbnyuj

rhjhg.

\btb`hg pbrainlhnfhn yhnf the abfitu

`hjh, whrthwhn Intbfriths `hnfsunf

jbwhwhnlhrhi abìhu, jbnfbnhi sbphe

tbrkhnf S] \JD (Sbrsbro) yhnf mi miriehn

phmh brh Jbntbri Ebuhnfhn Kusud Hnwhr.

Qhghrko jbnfhthehn, ahgwh tukuhn S]

\JD (Sbrsbro) abrmiri sbkhe thgun 1332

jbjiìei Tisi jbnkhmi bnths jhnmiri

yhnf jbnmueunf ebpbjiìehn rujhg

yhnf `hyhe mhn tbrkhnfehu ahfi sbhp

ebùhrfh Inmonbsih.

S] \JD (Sbrsbro) ghmir jbnkhmi

pbrushghhn shtu-shtunyh mi

Inmonbsih ini yhnf abrfbrhe miaimhnf

pbjaihyhhn sbeunmbr pbrujhghn yhnf

jbjdoeusehn ebfihthn opbrhsionh`nyh

jbnmueunf pbjaihyhhn prijbr

pbrujhghn jb`hùi pbnyhùrhn

pinkhjhn ebphmh pbnyhùr ESQ,

mihnthrhnyh ahne eonvbnsionh`, Ahne

\yhrihg, tbrjhsue ahne pb`heshnh

profrhj Dhsiìths @ieuimiths Sbjaihyhhn

Sbrujhghn (D@SS) yhnf miùnlurehn

o`bg Ebjbnpbrh.

Innyh ebfihthn uthjh S] \JD

(Sbrsbro) abrfbrhe mh`hj aimhnf

sbeurishsi yhnf jbntrhnsdorjhsiehn

thfighn ESQ jbnkhmi surht abrghrfh(bdbe), yhnf ebjumihn mikuh` eb phshr

jomh`. ]hfighn ESQ mikuh` putus.

Hrnyh, thfighn ESQ yhnf hmh mi aueu

Ahne jbnkhmi ebùhr mhri aueu Ahne,

ebjumihn mitrhnsdorjhsi jbnkhmi

surht abrghrfh untue mipbrkuhàbìehn

ebphmh phrh invbstor yhnf hmh mi phshr

jomh` yhnf miebnh` mbnfhn sbauthn

Bdbe Abrhfun Hsbt (BAH).

Mbnfhn mbjieihn ebuntunfhnnyh ahfi

pighe Sbrahnehn, phmh hegirnyh ahne

hehn jbnmhphtehn mhnhnyh ebjahì.

Jhesumnyh, sb`hjh ini ehn pighe

pbrahnehn itu hwh`nyh jbnyhùrehn

mhnh ESQ itu mhnhnyh mhri jhsyhrhehththu pighe ebfh yhnf abrsidht khnfeh

phnkhnf aish jbnlhphi mhri 2 shjphi

13 thgun, yhnf baig phnkhnf mhri erbmit

invbsthsi, struetur kh`hn to` jish`nyh.

Eith thgu, mh`hj pbjaihyhhn ESQ itu

hmh ebsbnkhnfhn khtug tbjpo (jhturity

jisjhtlg) mijhnh sujabr mhnh khnfeh

pbnmbe mifunhehn untue pbnyhùrhn

pinkhjhn khnfeh phnkhnf yhnf shnfht

abrbsieo, sbginffh aish abrmhjphe

phmh ìeuimiths. Ebnhph abrmhjphe

phmh ieuimiths? Ehrbnh hmh dhetor rbsieo

ìeuimiths, hphai`h mhnh pighe ebfh

yhnf misijphn mhpht ah-ah mithrie

o`bg nhshahg. Ginffh mhjphenyh mhpht

sbpbr erisis beonoji thgun 8997, yhnf

jbnfheiahtehn ahnyhe ahne hjarue,

unfehpnyh

\b`hin itu, hmh kufh rbsieo ‐pbruahghnnfeht sueu aunfh‚. Hrnyh, sb`hjh

ini aunfh Mhnh Sighe Ebfh (MSE)

abrkhnfeh pbnmbe, khmi mi rbvibw

mh`hj sbhp khnfeh pbnmbe kufh.

\bmhnfehn, ESQ yhnf ahie itu ehn ghrus

jbnffunhehn sueu aunfh yhnf tbthp.

]hpi ehrbnh Sbrahnehn sb`hjh ini

jbnffunhehn aunfh khnfeh pbnmbe,

jbrbeh mhe abrhni jbnffunhehn

aunfh tbthp khnfeh phnkhnf, sbaha

shnfht jbjpunyhi rbsieo yhnf abshr.

Rntue itu`hg, pbjbrinthg sbmhnf

jbnffh`heehn profrhj ESQ ahfi

jhsyhrheht eh`hnfhn jbnbnfhg

ahwhg.

Nhjun profrhj itu mbnfhn hturhn yhnf

ebtht. @hù, ebnhph, shht ini pbjbrinthg

jbnffunhehn pbrhturhn yhnf ebtht?

\baha, sb`hjh ini ahnyhe jhsyhrheht

yhnf jbjiìei rujhg ESQ shjphi <-2

auhg, yhnf tukuhnnyh ghnyh untue

abrinvbsthsi shkh, ulhpnyh.

S] \JD (Sbrsbro) mimiriehn pbjbrinthg

miahwhg nhunfhn Ebjbntbrihn

Ebuhnfhn sbahfhi `bjahfh

pbjaihyhhn egusus. \blhrh egusus,

\JD abrfbrhe mh`hj jbjahnfun mhn

jbnfbjahnfehn phshr pbjaihyhhn

sbeunmbr pbrujhghn. Ebnhph ehji

mitufhsehn mh`hj pbjaihyhhn

sbeunmbr pbrujhghn? ehrbnh ehji

mhe `hnfsunf abrsbntughn mbnfhn

mbaitor ESQ.

]bthpi tufhs S] \JD (Sbrsbro) hmh`hg

jbjabriehn mhnh abrkhnfeh whetu

jbnbnfhg hthu phnkhnf ebphmh

pbnyhùr ESQ. Gh` ini jbjahntu

pbrahnehn untue jbnfginmhri

ebsbnkhnfhn khtug tbjpo. \hht ini

sumhg Qp. 83,12 triìun mhnh yhnf

ehji shùrehn ebphmh Sbrahnehn

mhn pbnyhùr ESQ `hinnyh jb`hùi

\JD ghmir jbnkhmi

pbrushghhn shtu-

shtunnyh mi Inmonbsih

ini yhnf abrfbrhemiaimhnf pbjaihyhhn

sbeunmbr pbrujhghn

yhnf jbjdoeusehn

ebfihthn opbrhsionh`nyh

jbnmueunf pbjaihyhhn

prijbr pbrujhghn

jb`hùi pbnyhùrhn

pinkhjhn ebphmh

pbnyhùr ESQ, mihnthrhnyh

ahne eonvbnsionh`, Ahne

\yhrihg, tbrjhsue ahne

pb`heshnh profrhj

Dhsiìths @ieuimiths

Sbjaihyhhn Sbrujhghn

(D@SS) yhnf miùnlurehn

o`bg Ebjbnpbrh.




sbeurishsi mhn pbnyhùrhn pinkhjhn.

Qhghrmko jbnfheui, untue prosbs

sbeurishsi, jbjhnf ahru abebrkh

shjh mbnfhn Ahne ]haunfhn Nbfhrh

(A]N), sbkhe thgun 1339 shjphi

sbehrhnf. Nhjun untue pbnyhùrhn

mhnh pinkhjhn ehji sumhg abebrkhshjh

mbnfhn 81 pbrushghhn pbnyhùr

ESQ sbpbr A]N, ahne Juhjh`ht,

Jhnmiri \yhrihg, A]N \yhrihg, mhn

kufh AHNE Sbjahnfunhn Mhbrhg

yhnf hmh miabrahfhi mhbrhg, sbrth

ababrhph pbrushghhn pbjaihyhhn

(ju`nhnlb).

Nhg, ebjahì ebnhph ghnyh ahne A]N

shkh yhnf abebrkhshjh mbnfhn S] \JD

(Sbrsbro) mh`hj prosbs sbeurishsi?

khwhahnnyh jbjhnf ahne jhsig

bnffhn jbnkuh` thfighn ESQ nyh,

ehrbnh jhsig infin jbjpbrabshr

portodoìo erbmit jbrbeh.

\b`hin itu, promue ESQ yhnf jbrbeh

kuh` hmh`hg yhnf shnfht ahfus. S] \JD

(Sbrsbro) jbjhnf tbpht abrjitrhmbnfhn AHNE A]N, ehrbnh jbjhnf

doeus phmh pbrujhghn. Innyh,

tukuhn S] \JD (Sbrsbro) hmh`hg

untue jbjpbrlbpht ebtbrkhnfehuhn

jhsyhrheht eb`hs jbnbnfhg ebahwhg

hfhr aish jbjiìei rujhg mbnfhn sueu

aunfh yhnf tbrkhnfehu mhn tbthp.

Hrnyh, sueu aunfh the pbrnhg

abruahg ebeh ghrfh sueu aunfh nhie

mh`hj sbhp whetu. Nhjun tukuhn

itu aish tbrlhphi, eh`hu hmh mueunfhn

mhri sbjuh pighe sbpbr mhri eh`hnfhn

mbvbòpbr, Qbh` Bsthtb Inmonbsih (QBI)

Ebjbntbrihn Sbrujhghn (Ebjbnpbrh),

Otoriths Khsh Ebunfhn (OKE), mhn `hin-

nyh, ahie mh`hj profrhj ESQ abrsuasimi

jhupun eojbrsih`, thnmhsnyh.

Qhghrmko kufh jbnfhthehn thrfbt yhnf

milhphi \JD toth` Qp <,2 triìun untue

thgun ini. ]brmiri mhri 1,2 triìun ehji

shùrehn pinkhjhn ebphmh ahne, mhn

Qp 8 triùn mh`hj profrhj sbeurishsi.

Ebeh mithnyh, ahfhijhnh jbnlhphi

thrfbt Qp <,2 triìun, mih jbnfhthehn

dhethnyh, shjphi au`hn \bptbjabr

ini ehji sumhg jb`heuehn pbnyhùrhn

pinkhjhn ebphmh ahne sbabshr Qp

8,6=3 jiìhr. \hyh opjis, phmh

hegir thgun thrfbt itu hehn tbrlhphi,

wh`hupun ahnyhegh` yhnf mighmhpi,

sbpbr ebnhiehn sueu aunfh, mhjphe

ghrfh AAJ nhie, ulhpnyh yhein.

Abrmhshrehn lhththn Ahmhn Susht\thse (AS\), pbrthgunnyh kuj`hg

pbnmumue tujaug sbeithr 8,=9%.

Khmi aish mipbreirhehn, ebautughn

pbrujhghn untue jhsyhrheht Inmonbsih

jhsig shnfht nffi. Nhg, ghsi` hnhìsh

pbrgitunfhn ehji, jheh hp thgunnyh

pbnmumue Inmonbsih jbjautugehn

rujhg sbeithr 933 riau unit rujhg.

Eh`hu mhe sh`hg, hmh `hfi lhththn mhri

AS\, ahgwh jhsig ahnyhe jhsyhrheht

Inmonbsih yhnf jbnfh`hji ebsbnkhnfhn

rujhg hthu abùj jbjiìei rujhg

(ahleòf), yhnf mipbreirhehn jbnlhphi

82 kuth rujhg. Jheh sbjuh ebautughn

rujhg itu ghrus mipbnugi mh`hj hp

thgunnyh.

Eunlinyh, ]bthp Opjis

Qhghrko Hmisushnto hmh`hg sborhnf

\hrkhnh ]benie \ipi`, hùjni mhri

Rnivbrsiths ]benoòfi Ahnmunf (I]A).

\btb`hg ùùs mih `hnfsunf abebrkh

misbauhg pbrushghhn, sbsuhi aimhnf

kurushnnyh sbahfhi eonsu`thn aimhnf

eontruesi sb`hjh 1 thgun. Shmh hegir

thgun 8979, mirinyh ju`hi tbrkun mh`hj

munih pbrahnehn shjphi sbehrhnf, mhn

mipbrlhyh jbnfisi khahthn yhn strhtbfis

miabrahfhi pbrushghhn.

Ebeh mithnyh, hphehg munih ebrkhnyh

mhe jbnyijphnf mhri kurushn

euìhgnyh, Qhghrko jbnfhthehn ‐shyh

pieir mhe. \baha, sbjuhnyh itujbnfhìr mhn hmh guaunfhnnyh kufh

mbnfhn jhth pb`hkhrhn phmh jhsh

euìhg shyh muù.

\hyh ini ehn sbnhnf mbnfhn jhth

pb`hkhrhn jhtbjheh, khmi ebeh

shyh tbrkun mh`hj munih pbrahnehn

shyh ebjahnfehn `hfi aheht pb`hkhrhn

yhnf shyh sbnhnfi itu. Nhg, hegirnyh




AHNEINF

sbjuhnyh itu aish abrkh`hn ahie mhn

shyh jbniejh pbebrkhhn yhnf shyh

shyh tbeuni sbehrhnf ini‚, shjai`

tbrthwh `bphs.

Mh`hj jbnhphei ehrir ebsuesbsnyh

mh`hj munih ebrkh, Qhghrko jbjabriehnps, hfhr suesbs mh`hj munih ebrkh.

Innyh, eith ghrus abrsiehp opjis,

hrnyh the hmh yhnf the junfein

mh`hj gimup eh`hu eith infin suesbs

mh`hj munih ebrkh. \hyh yhein, sbfh`h

pbrsoh`hn mh`hj munih ebrkh itu phs

hmh soùsinyh, sb`hjh eith tbthp

opjis, phnthnf jbnybrhg, abrpieir

posid mhn khnfhn ùph sb`hù jbjinth

pbrtoònfhn shjh ]ughn, ulhpnyh

yhein.

Mirinyh kufh the pbrnhg pbìt untue

abrahfi i`ju mhn pbnfh`hjhn ahfi

sbshjh tbjhn ebrkhnyh. Ahfinyh,

sbauhg pbebrkhhn yhnf miabriehn

ebphmh eith itu ehn hjhnhg mhri ]ughn,

khmi eith the ushg pbìt abrahfi i`ju mhn

pbnfh`hjhn, sbaha shyh yhein, sihph

yhnf jhu abrahfi ebahiehn, phs hehn

miabriehn rbkbei yhnf abrìjphg mhri

Yhnf Jhgh Euhsh.

]he ùph kufh, Qhghrko jbnlbrithehn

pbnfh`hjhnnyh, shht pbrthjh ehì

jbjijpin S] \JD (Sbrsbro). Shmh

hwh` shyh mipbrlhyh sbahfhi Mirbetur

Rthjh, ebpbjijpinhn jhnhkbjbn

pbrushghhn yhnf `hjh sbkhe abrmiri

phmh thgun 1332 jbjhnf sumhg ahfus.

Khmi, tufhs shyh ghnyh jb`hnkutehn visi

mhn jisi pbrushghhn untue jb`hnkutehn

pbrtujaughn pbrushghhn yhnf `baig

pbsht.

\hyh yhein, ebeh jbjhesijhèhn

potbnsi sbhp ehryhwhn mi S] \JD(Sbrsbro), pbrushghhn ini hehn jhku

mhn ahnyhe jbrhig prbsthsi. Eh`hu

mitothèhn, shjphi shht ini kuj`hg

ehryhwhn mi S] \JD (Sbrsbro) itu ghnyh

jbnlhphi 23-43 orhnf shkh, eh`hu pun

nhn abrthjahg hehn shyh ahthsi

shjphi 63 orhnf shkh.

\hht ini ehji sumhg jhjpu jbnfbò`h

Aiomhth

Nhjh ; Qhghrko Hmisushnto

]bjpht/thnffh` `hgir ; ]bùe Abtunf, 8 Mbsbjabr 8941

\thtus ; Jbniehg, jbjpunyhi 1 hnhe

Sbnmimiehn ; \hrkhnh ]benie \ipi` 8976 (Jhnhkbjbn Eontruesi)- Instut

]benoòfi Ahnmunf (I]A), thgun 1334 Jbnfhjai` Jhfistbr

Jhnhkbjbn (Fbnbrh` Jhnhfbjbnt ) mi Instut Sbnfbjahn-

fhn Jhnhkbjbn Inmonbsih (ISJI).

Ehribr

8976-8979 ; Srokblt Olbr S] Mhlrbh Bnffinbrinf Lonsu`thnt

8979-8993 ; Jhnhfbjbnt ]rhinbb S] Rnitbm ]rhltor

8993-8992 ; Jhnhfbr S] Ahne Nihfh ]ae-Invbsjbnt Ahneinf Mivision

8992-8999 ; Tilb Srbsimbnt S] Ahne Mhnhjon Inmonbsih ]ae-

Lorporhtb Dinhnlb Mivision

8999-1338 ; Hssolihtb Mirbltor HHK Lonsu`nf-Dinhnlih`

Hmvisory & Lhpith` Jhrebt Frup

1338-1336 ; Mirbetur S] Mbìoib Eonsu`thn Inmonbsih (Jbjabr rj od

Mbìob ]ogjhtsu)- Dinhnsih` Hmvisory & Lhpith` Jhrebt

Frup

1336-1388 ; \bnior Tilb Srbsimbnt S] Ahne Jbfh ]ae-

Ebph`h Mivisi Eorporhsi

1388-sbehrhnf ; Mirbetur Rthjh S] \hrhnh Ju`friyh Dinhsih` (S] \JD)

\bjinhr/Londbrbnlb

Intbrnhonh` Lonfrbss ‐\ounm Gousinf Dinhnlb Hrounm ]gb Vor`m‚ ay Intbnhonh`8.

Rnion dor Gousinf Dinhnlb, Tibnh, Hustrih in Kunb 138<

Sbjailhrh miseusi phnb` ‐Sbrlbphthn Ebtbrsbmihhn Sbrujhghn Rntue SN\ Mbnfhn1.

Mueunfhn Srofrhj D@SS‚ Gotb` @b Jbrimibn, Khehrth, Jbi 138<.

Intbrnhonh` Londbrbnlb on ‐Gousinf; dor Inlùsivb Frowtg‚,<. Nbw Mb`gi, Inmih, hpri`

138<.

Voresgop @bhminf Orfhnizhonh` Lghnfb Srofrhj ht =. Vghrton \lgoo`, Sgi`hmb`pgih,

R\H, in Mbsbjabr 1381.

H spbhebr in tgb intbrnhonh` sbjinhr on gousinf nhnlb, gb`m ay2. S] Ahne ]haunfhn

Nbfhrh (Sbrsbro) in Oltoabr 1381, ht Mbnphshr, Ahì.

Intbrnhonh` Gousinf Dinhnlb Srofrhj ht Vghrton \lgoo` 4. , Sgi`hmb`pgih, R\H, in

Kunb 1381.

H \pbhebr Jhrebts ‐ Gb`m ay Nhonh` Gousinf Ahne, in6. Dbaruhry 1381, ht Nbw Mb`gi,

Inmih.

Voresgop on Gousinf Dinhnlb Jhnhfbjbnt gb`m ay Gousinf Mbvbòpjbnt Dinhnlb7.

Lorporhon (GMDL Inmih), ht @onhv`h, Jujahi, Inmih, in Novbjabr 1388.

hsbt yhnf hwh`nyh 1 triùn, eini sumhg

jbnlhphi 6 triìun, mhn shyh rhsh ghsi`

ebrkh ebrhs itu jbnkhmi ebahnffhhn

shyh abrshjh sbùrug j pbrushghhn.

Ghrhphn shyh, sbjofh ebmbphnnyh S]

\JD (Sbrsbro), aish jbjauht prbsthsi

yhnf `baig ahfus `hfi untue jbjahntu

profrhj pbjbrinthg mh`hj pbrlbphthn

ebpbjiìehn rujhg yhnf `hyhe mhn

tbrkhnfehu mbnfhn jbnyhùrehn mhnh

khnfeh jbnbnfhg phnkhnf.

Hnmrbhs




TI\IONBQ

\btih Rntunf Hriju`hmiEbph`h Susht Sbnbrhnfhn mhn Gueuj(Ehpuspbneuj) Ebkheshhn Hfunf

\umhg fbnhp sbthgun \btih Rntunf Hriju`hmi jbnkhaht sbahfhi Ebph`h

Susht Sbnbrhnfhn mhn Gueuj (Ehpuspbneuj) mi Ebkheshhn Hfunf.

\bkhe Khesh Hfunf Ahsribd Hribd jb`hntienyh untue jbnbjphti posisi

itu phmh Kujht 39 Novbjabr 1381, Rntunf, mbjieihn mih herha mishph,

jbnfheu jbrhsh bnkoy mbnfhn pbebrkhhn mhn khahthn yhnf eini

mibjahnnyh itu.


Intbfriths Miri, Eojitjbn untueEbkheshhn yhnf @baig Ahie @hfi




TI\IONBQ

‐Khahthn itu hmh`hg hjhnhg. Ghrus

mi`heshnhehn mhn miniejh. ]bthp

abrsyueur mhn thwheh`,‚ ukhr Rntunf.

Rntunf jbnffhnehn posisi

pbnmhguùnyh Hmi J ]obfhrisjhn, yhnf

eini jbnkhaht sbahfhi Ebph`h Ebkheshhn

]inffi MEI Khehrth yhnf mimhguùi

mbnfhn jbnkhaht Mirbetur Sbnyimiehn

(Mirmie) mi Ebkheshhn Hfunf.

\bhp ghri, ehntor Rntunf sbahfhi

Ehpuspbneuj yhnf abrhmh mi `hnthi

I Ehpuspbneuj itu rhjhi mieunkunfi

orhnf. \b`hin orhnfnyh yhnf tbraueh,

ruhnfhn itu jbjhnf sbrinf mikhmiehn

tbjpht jbnfoaro` mhn eondbrbnsi pbrs

o`bg phrh whrthwhn yhnf abrtufhs mi

Eorps Hmgiyhesh itu.

‐Vhrthwhn, pbrs mhn jbmih hmh`hg

tbjhn mhn phrtnbr ebrkh yhnf bdbed,‚

ukhr Rntunf jbnhnffhpi einbrkhnyh

yhnf sbghri-ghri eini abrfbùt the khug

mhri ìnfeunfhn pbrs.

\babùj jbnbjph khahthn sbahfhi

Ehpuspbneuj, Rntunf mipbrlhyh

jbnkhmi Hsistbn Egusus (Hsus) Khesh

Hfunf Ahsribd Hribd. Mih jbnfheu, po`h

ebrkh yhnf mitbrhpehnnyh mhe khug

abrabmh ebeh jhsig jbnkhmi Hsus.

\bahfhi sborhnf khesh, pbnfh`hjhnnyhjbnmumuei sbkuj`hg posisi strhtbfis mi

ababrhph Ebkheshhn Nbfbri jbjauht

Rntunf mhe eheu mh`hj abrguaunfhn

mbnfhn munih pbrs.

‐Muh puùg bjpht khj, tb`bpon shyh

onìnb. Ghpb (]b`bpon \bù`hr) jbnyh`hg

tbrus, ‐on‚ mhn sihp jb`hyhni tbjhn-

tbjhn,‚ ulhp Rntunf jbnkb`hsehn

ahgwh mirinyh mhe pbrnhg jbnutup

miri ai`h whrthwhn hthu jhsyhrheht

ujuj jbjautugehn indorjhsi

hthupun sbfh`h gh` yhnf abrehithn

mbnfhn Ebkheshhn Hfunf.

Jhnthn Ebph`h Ebkheshhn Nbfbri

Khehrth \b`hthn itu kufh jbnfhkhe

jhsyhrheht jbjabriehn jhsuehn

mhn erie yhnf eonstrued tbrghmhp

tufhs mhn dunfsi Ebkheshhn. ‐\hyh

sbnmiri mhe pbrnhg h`brfi mbnfhn yhnf

nhjhnyh erie mhn shrhn. \i`hehn, itu

hmh`hg jhsuehn yhnf eonstrued hfhr

jbjauht ebkheshhn sbjhein ahfus

tbrus eb mbphn,‚ ulhpnyh.

Srih abreuìt fb`hp mhn abreujis `baht

itu mhe jbnfbùg wh`hu jhsig ahnyhe

gh` yhnf pbrù miabnhgi mi mh`hj

tuaug eorps Hmgiyhesh itu sbnmiri.

\bkhe phfi ghri, ginffh jh`hj `hrut,

Rntunf jbnkh`hnehn tufhsnyh sbahfhi

Ehpuspbneuj. Vh`hu khj ehntor

sumhg sb`bshi sbkhe sorb, Rntunf sbrinf

jbnybjphtehn whetunyh abrsbnmh

furhu mhn jbnfoaro` tbthnf ahnyhe

gh` mbnfhn tbjhn-tbjhn whrthwhn

mi ruhnfhnnyh mhn kufh mi pb`hthrhn

ehntornyh.

Sbjahwhhnnyh yhnf aufhr ginffh

tbnfhg jh`hj, miheui Rntunf,miehrbnhehn jovhsi tufhs mhn kufh

pbrghhn istbri mhn ebùhrfhnyh yhnf

tbthp jbjabriehn sbjhnfht mh`hj

jbnfhami. \b`hin itu, suhji mhri Mb

\ufighr Qhghyu itu jbjiìei ebfbjhrhn

jbjhshe yhnf jbjauhtnyh aish ri`bes

ushi jbnfghmhpi tujpuehn pbebrkhhn

yhnf jbnffununf mi ehntor.

‐\hyh sueh jbjhshe. Eh`hu ghri

ìaur, shyh sueh pbrfi eb phshr untue

abrab`hnkh ebautughn mhpur untue

jbjhshe auht hnhe istbri, jhehnabrshjh mi rujhg,‚ ukhr prih yhnf

jbruphehn shtu-shtunyh `b`hei mhri

tukug orhnf hnhe mhri Hyhg Iaunyh itu.

Ebaihshhn jbjhshe itu pun sumhg

mi`heoninyh sbkhe usih mini. \baha,

ebnhnf Rntunf, sbkhe ebli` Iaunmhnyh

sbrinf jbnfhkhe mirinyh abrab`hnkh

eb phshr mhn kufh jbnbjhni shnf

iau jbjhshe mi mhpur. Sbnfh`hjhn

itu jbjauht mih jbnyuehi heviths

jbjhshe, mhn jbjauht Rntunf

sbahfhi Hyhg mhn \uhji yhnf jbnkhmi

‗lgbd½yhnf ghnmh` mi rujhgnyh.

‐Nfu`be shjah` mhn jbnfiris ahwhnf,

tujis mhn jbjhshe itu niejht

rhshnyh,‚ ukhr prih yhnf jbnfheu moyhn

jbniejh ebrupue mhn shyurhn ai`h

sbmhnf abrshnthp itu.

Hyhg mhri muh orhnf hnhe itu, kufh mhe

hsinf mbnfhn abrahfhi rbsbp jhehnhn.

Ju`hi mhri aiein opor, tonfsbnf, sop

auntut, nhsi forbnf, lhplhy mhn

abrahfhi kbnis pbfhnhn rujhghn

`hinnyh. ‐Ehmhnf eh`hu hmh hlhrh mi

rbstorhn, shyh ìghn jbnunyh, thnyh

eoeinyh phehi hph shkh jbjhshenyh.

Nhn mi rujhg shyh loah prhetbeehn,‚

kb`hs Rntunf.

\b`hin goai jbjhshe, prih eb`hgirhn 8

Mbsbjabr 8948 itu kufh goai thrie suhrh

hthu jbnyhnyi. Ebfihthn o`hg voeh` kufh

tbrìght mhri situhsi ruhnfhnnyh yhnf

ebrhp jbnfujhnmhnfehn `hntunhn

`hfu-`hfu `hwhs sbjahri jbnyb`bshiehn

pbebrkhhnnyh.

]braue, mh`hj ababrhph ebfihthn

mi Ebkheshhn Hfunf, Rntunf kufhmhe eieue mhn mbnfhn tbrhjpi`

jbnyhnyiehn sbkuj`hg `hfu eh`h whetu

rhjhg thjhg. ‐Hmh ehsbt kufh yhnf

ehji rbehj. Jbnyhnyi mubt abrshjh

istbri,‚ ukhr Rntunf jbjprojosiehn

ehsbt `hfu yhnf mirbehjnyh sbnmiri

nhjun euhìths suhrhnyh mhe eh`hg

mbnfhn pbnyhnyi prodbsionh` itu.

\b`hjh jbnkhmi Khesh, Rntunf kufh

ahnyhe jbnfbjahn tufhs mi aimhnf

Intb` mhn Simhnh Egusus jhupun

Simhnh Rjuj. Ahfi prih yhnf abùj`hjh ini jbnfbjonf lulu mhri hnhe

pbrthjhnyh itu, abrfhu` mbnfhn sbjuh

hrhs mhn b`bjbn jhsyhrheht shnfht

jbjahntunyh mh`hj jbnkh`hnehn

tufhs-tufhsnyh sbahfhi Khesh.

Jbsei sb`hù thjphe ri`bes jbnfghmhpi

whrthwhn mhn rbehn-rbehn ebrkhnyh

yhnf `hin, nhjun mh`hj jbnkh`hnehn

tufhs, Rntunf miebnh` u`bt mhn

tb`htbn. Ahfi mih, tufhs mhn thnffunf

khwha hmh`hg hjhnhg yhnf ghrus

misb`bshiehn.

]he pb`he, mh`hj abrahfhi rbntbthn

tufhs-tufhs yhnf mi`hùinyh mi sbkuj`hg

mhbrhg, sbabùj jhsue sbahfhi Hsistbn

Egusus (Hsus) Khesh Hfunf, ahnyhe

pbrehrh yhnf mithnfhninyh mhe hehn

miaihrehn jbnfhjahnf. ‐]imhe hmh

urushn, ghrus miusut shjphi tunths. Itu

eojitjbn shyh,‚ ukhrnyh.




\bwhetu jbnkhaht sbahfhi Ebph`h

Ebkheshhn Nbfbri Fhrut, shht itu hmh

mufhhn pbnyb`bwbnfhn Hnffhrhn

Sbnmhphthn mhn Ab`hnkh Mhbrhg (HSAM)

Ehauphtbn Fhrut thgun Hnffhrhn 1338-

133< yhnf mi`heuehn hnffoth MSQM

Ehauphtbn Fhrut pbriomb 8999-133=.

\babùj Rntunf, mhe hmh orhnf yhnf

abrhni jbnfusut ehsus itu.

‐Jbjhnf mhe hmh sborhnfpun

yhnf abrhni jbnfunfehpnyh ehrbnh

jbrbeh mhe jbjiìei wbwbnhnf

itu. \bmhnfehn shyh jbjiìeinyh. Khmi

lueup òfis eh`hu shyh jb`heuehn

pbnybìmiehn,‚ ehthnyh.

Ahfi Rntunf, eojitjbnnyh mh`hj

jbnunthsehn abrahfhi ehsus eorupsi,

jbruphehn tbehm yhnf ghrusmiwukumehn. Hph`hfi, sbabùj mirinyh

abrtufhs mi Fhrut, ababrhph thgun

`hjhnyh sbjpht jbnkhmi ehsi pbneuj

mhn gujhs mi Ebkheshhn ]inffi Khahr.

‐\hht abrtufhs mi Ahnmunf, shyh

ahnyhe jbnfhjai` pbnfh`hjhn mh`hj

jbnyb`bshiehn abrahfhi ehsus yhnf hmh.

Ehrbnh itu, ebeh mitufhsehn mi Fhrut,

shyh tbrthnthnf untue jbnfunfehp

ehsus-ehsus yhnf sushg,‚ ukhrnyh.

Miheui prih yhnf rbsji abrtufhs miEbkhri Fhrut sbkhe 83 Novbjabr 1332

`hù, jhsig tbrmhpht ebnmh`h mh`hj

pbnfunfehphn ehsus-ehsus abshr. ‐Gh`

ini ehrbnh kuj`hg sujabr mhyh jhnusih

(\MJ) yhnf jhsig shnfht tbrahths,‚

phphr prih yhnf jbnyb`bshiehn

pbnmimiehn \8 phmh 8974 mi Dheu`ths

Gueuj Rnivbrsiths Is`hj Nbfbri

Nushnthrh.

\b`hjh abrtufhs mi Fhrut, Rntunf

yhnf jbnyb`bshiehn pbnmimiehn \1

phmh 133= mi Dheu`ths Shslhshrkhnh

Rnivbrsiths Shrhgyhnfhn itu, jbnfheu

mhe ehpoe untue tbrus jbnfunfehp

ehsus-ehsus yhnf jbjiìei ehrhetbrise

abshr mhn abrisieo nffi.

Ahfi Rntunf, abrhphpun ahyhrhn mhn

hnlhjhn yhnf mhthnf ebphmhnyh

ebeh jbnybìmiei sbauhg ehsus,

ghnyh mihnffhp sbahfhi jhsuehn mhn

hnfin `hù. Mbnfhn jovhsi yhnf euht,

Rntunf jbnfheu mhe jbjiìei rhsh

theut untue jbnfunfehpehn ehsus itu.

Rntunf jbnlbrithehn pbnfh`hjhnnyhebeh abrtufhs mi mhbrhg Khwh ]bnfhg.

\hht itu, mirinyh sbmhnf jbnfusut

mufhhn ehsus eorupsi. Ababrhph ghri

abrieutnyh, Rntunf jbnfh`hji sheit,

mhe aish abrkh`hn. ‐Sbrlhyh the

pbrlhyh, jbnurut tbjhn-tbjhn kufh,

shyh sbmhnf mieiriji shntbt,‚ ukhrnyh.

Ahgehn, sbtb`hg abroaht eb moetbr,

mirinyh the eunkunf sbjaug. Shmh

hegirnyh mih kufh abrmoh mhn jbnfhki

ebphmh sh`hg sborhnf Eihyi. ‐Quphnyh,

mi ebph`h shyh hmh sbauhg abnmh absiabrehrht sbueurhn pheu. \hyh kufh

mhe thgu mhrijhnh hsh`nyh,‚ kb`hs

Rntunf sbjahri jbnunkueehn doto absi

sbabshr pheu itu mi gbnpon-nyh. ‐\hyh

sbnfhkh jbjoto mhn jbnyijphn aue

ini,‚ kb`hsnyh.

Nhjun, pbriswh-pbriswh sbpbr itu,

kb`hs Rntunf, mhe hehn jbnyurutehn

ebwhkiahnnyh jbnbfheehn gueuj

yhnf abnhr. ‐Nyhwh itu mi thnfhn H``hg.

\hyh abrsbrhg mhn abrmoh ebphmh H``hg

shkh,‚ kb`hsnyh.

Shmh shht euìhg muù, `hnkut Rntunf

yhnf pbrnhg jbnkhaht Ebph`h Ahfihn

Hnffhrhn Airo Ebuhnfhn Ebkheshhn

Hfunf QI ini, jbjhnf mirinyh hed mi

abrahfhi orfhnishsi ehjpus ahie bestrh

jhupun intrh. Mbnfhn hevithsnyh

sbahfhi jhghsiswh yhnf pbrnhg

mitbeuninyh, Rntunf jbnfheu jbjiìei

ebpbrlhyhhn miri yhnf nffi shht

jbnfhwhì ehribrnyh mi ìnfeunfhn

ebkheshhn.

‐Bnthg`hg eh`hu shyh mhe sbjphtjbnfh`hji jbnkhmi hevis jhghsiswh,

junfein gimup shyh sbehrhnf shnfht

jonoton mhn mhe jbjiìei ebabrhnihn

yhnf abshr wh`hupun sumhg jbnkhaht

ebph`h ebkhri,‚ ukhrnyh.

\hht ini, prih yhnf goai abrjhin fithr mhn

ebyaohrm ini, abrghrhp aish jbnfuahg

sfjh jhsyhrheht yhnf jbjhnmhnf

Ebkheshhn sbahfhi `bjahfh yhnf mhe

erbmiab` mhn hjahn mh`hj jbnhnfhni

sbauhg ehsus. \fjh aurue yhnf

miabriehn whrfh itu, jbnurut Rntunf,jbjhnf mhe abr`baighn. Shsh`nyh,

jhsig hmh shkh yhnf abrnmhe mi ùhr

tufhs mhn dunfsi sbahfhi khesh.

‐Nhjun, ahfi shyh, gh` itu, auehn

gh`hnfhn. \hyh infin \MJ yhnf hmh

aish tbrjovhsi untue jbninfehtehn




TI\IONBQ

einbrkhnyh sbginffh sfjh itu

pbr`hghn aish gi`hnf, jbsnyh, mbnfhn

sbfh`h ushgh yhnf mi`heuehn sbehrhnf,

sfjh itu sblhrh pbr`hghn aish gi`hnf,‚

ehthnyh.

\b`hjh sbthgun sumhg jbnkhaht

sbahfhi Ehpuspbneuj, \bh Rntunf

Hriju`hmi jbnfheu mhe ehfoe mbnfhn

tufhs itu. \b`hin sumhg tbraihsh mbnfhn

tufhs sbpbr itu, mirinyh kufh abrghrhp

mbnfhn sbahfhi Ehpuspbneuj,

hehn hmh pbrahiehn-pbrahiehn yhnf

sifniehn mh`hj tufhs-tufhs mhn

pb`hyhnhn Ebkheshhn Hfunf sbahfhi

`bjahfh pbnbfhehn gueuj yhnf `baig

abrwiahwhg mhn eoeog sbrth milinthi

jhsyhrheht.

Mih jbjhphrehn, Suspbneuj Ebkheshhnitu hmh`hg pb`heshnh tufhs mi aimhnf

pbnbrhnfhn mhn pbnyuùghn gueuj,

guaunfhn jbmih jhssh, guaunfhn

hnthr `bjahfh nbfhrh, `bjahfh

pbjbrinthg mhn non-pbjbrinthg,

pbnfbò`h indorjhsi mhn moeujbnthsi,

yhnf ehrbnh sidhtnyh, mhe tbrlheup

mh`hj shtuhn orfhnishsi Ebkheshhn

`hinnyh yhnf sblhrh tbenis abrthnffunf

khwha `hnfsunf ebphmh Khesh Hfunf

nhjun sblhrh hmjinistrhd ebphmh

Khesh Hfunf Jumh Aimhnf Intbìkbn.

Mh`hj ìnfeup orfhnishsi, `hnkut mih,

Susht Sbnbrhnfhn Gueuj hmh`hg

ahfihn mhri `bjahfh unit orfhnishsi

mh`hj suhtu `bjahfh pbjbrinthghn

yhnf jb`heuehn dunfsi jhnhkbjbn

aimhnf eojuniehsi mhn indorjhsi.

‐Mhn tbntunyh, heiaht dunfsi

tbrsbaut, jhu mhe jhu, Suspbneuj

jbruphehn 'gujhs' mhri Ebkheshhn

sbrth mi mh`hj jb`heshnhehn tufhs mhn

ebwbnhnfhnnyh ghrus`hg jbnkunkunf

ni`hi-ni`hi jorh` yhnf jbnfieht mh`hj

abrulhp, abrsiehp mhn abrpbri`heu

mh`hj pb`heshnhhn tufhs, dunfsi,

wbwbnhnf, sbrth thnffunfkhwhanyh

sbahfhijhnh tbrjuht mh`hj Eomb Be

Gujhs Sbjbrinthghn,‚ kb`hs mih.

\blhrh Rjuj Suspbneuj jb`hùi

Ebph`h Susht Sbnbrhnfhn Gueuj,

miehthehn Rntunf, hmh`hg fhrmh

tbrmbphn mh`hj jbjabriehn

pb`hyhnhn ebtbrauehhn hths indorjhsi

ebphmh puaìe mhn pbjabrithhn

ebphmh puaìe jb`hùi po`h ebjitrhhn

yhnf prodbssionh`, proporsionh` sbrth

abrthnffunfkhwha mbnfhn jbmih

mbji jbrhig ebpbrlhyhhn tbrghmhp

jhsyhrheht sbrth ebphmh Instusi

Ebkheshhn Hfunf (Ebkhfunf) QI.

]brehit dunfsi itu, hnkut mih, jbnfghmhpi

pbrebjahnfhn jbmih yhnf abfitu

pbsht, hphrht ebkheshhn pun ghrus

aish jbjhndhhtehn ebjhkuhn i`ju

pbnfbthguhn mhn tbenoòfi. Jbnfieu

ebjhkuhn I] mhn jbjhndhhtehn

ebjhkuhn tbrsbaut sbahfhi shrhnh untue

jbjumhgehn Ebkheshhn sbnmiri mh`hj

pbrlbphthn ebtbrauehhn indorjhsi.

‐\thd phmh Suspbneuj ghrusmidunfsiehn puaìl rb`hon mhri

instusi tbrjhsue dunfsi-dunfsi strhtbfi

jbmih sbpbr indorjhsi, eojuniehsi,

hnhìsis ujphn ahìe, orfhnishsi, mhn

pbnfbò`hhn indorjhsi shnfht pbnnf

untue miabrmhyhehn,‚ ukhrnyh.

Mhn shht ini, Ebkhfunf tb`hg

jbnunkueehn mirinyh sbahfhi sh`hg shtu

`bjahfh puaìe yhnf tb`hg jbnkh`hnehn

eojitjbn-eojitjbn pbnnf mh`hj

jbnlipthehn ebtbrauehhn indorjhsi

puaìe mhn pbrahiehn-pbrahiehnnyhhfhr suhtu shht ebtbrauehhn indorjhsi

puaìe untue instusi Ebkheshhn jbnkhmi

sbjpurnh mbnfhn jb`hùi ababrhph

`hnfehg hnthrh `hin ;

Sbrthjh, tbraitnyh Sbrhturhn Khesh

Hfunf QI (SBQKH); SBQ-3<1/H/KH/7/1383

tbnthnf Sb`hyhnhn Indorjhsi Suaìe mi

Ebkheshhn QI sbrth Instruesi Ebkheshhn

Hfunf (IN\KH) No; IN\-338/H/KH/4/1388

tbnthnf \OS Sb`hyhnhn Indorjhsi Suaìe

mi Ebkheshhn QI.

Ebmuh, hmh`hg ushgh-ushgh

misbjinhsi indorjhsi mi ìnfeunfhn

ebkheshhn tbnthnf pbnnfnyh hjhnht

ebtbrauehhn indorjhsi puaìe sbahfhi

ahfihn the tbrpishgehn mhri rbdorjhsi

airoerhsi egususnyh mi sbetor pbnbfhehn

gueuj.

Ebfh, sbkh`hn mbnfhn itu Suspbneuj

sbahfhi `bhminf sbltor mh`hj pb`hyhnhn

indorjhsi puaìe mi Ebkhfunf QI,

jbnfbjahnfehn ehphsiths sujabr

mhyh jhnusihnyh hfhr jhjpu jbnkhmi

pb`hyhn puaìe yhnf abroribnthsi

phmh ebpuhshn pbjogon indorjhsi

(lustojbr lhrb). \bahfhi uphyh untue

jbjbnhnfehn ebpbrlhyhhn puaìe.

Jbjhnf, `hnkut Rntunf, phmh

hwh`nyh ahnyhe thnthnfhn mi mh`hj

jbnfhghmhpi ebjhkuhn mi brh I].

Ebjumihn instusi pun mhe abrsiehp

phsid. ‐Eith jbnloah jbnlipthehn

ababrhph pbrbnlhnhhn mijhnh phmh

shht ini, tbrmhpht 83 gh` pbrbnlhnhhn

jhthnf mhn ebmbphn ghrus

miwukumehn,‚ ukhrnyh.

Sbrthjh, Ebkheshhn ghrusjbnlhjtujehn syhrht eojpbtbnsi

lhòn pbfhwhi nbfbri sbsuhi mbnfhn

ebautughn aimhnf yhnf jbjbrùehn.

Kieh jbjhnf aimhnf gujhs

jbjbrùehn thjahghn pbrsoni` yhnf

jbjiìei euhìehsi ebgujhshn yhnf

ahie, jheh ghrus jbrberut ùùshn

i`ju eojuniehsi, puaìl rb`hons,

hthu i`ju sosih` mhn poìe yhnf

jut`he mipbrùehn. \bmhenyh phrh

shrkhnh ini tb`hg jbjiìei mhshr i`ju

yhnf sbghrusnyh mijiìei phrh prhesi

ebgujhshn.

Ebmuh, pbjabrihn pb`hghn ebgujhshn

ebphmh phrh pbfhwhi mi Suspbneuj.

Gh` ini abrfunh untue jbnyhjhehn visi

mhn jisi phrh pbrsoni` hfhr mhe `hfi

jbnkh`hnehn tufhs sblhrh shjai` `hù.

\b`hin itu, pb`hghn ini kufh abrdunfsi

jbrujusehn ebjahì ebeghshn tufhs

mhn pbrhn gujhs tbrjhsue ebsbjphthn

untue jb`hnkutehn pbnmimiehn mi aimhnf

ebgujhshn pun pbrù misbmihehn

jb`hùi khùr abhsiswh. Ghrhphnnyh

mhri pbrahiehn dhetor \MJ ini, dunfsi

mhn pbrhn gujhs pbjbrinthg jbnkhmi

gimup ebjahì.

Ebfh, eojpbtbnsi ebgujhshn

miheui sblhrh prodbsionh` mi insthnsi

Ebkheshhn. Sbnfheuhn tbrsbaut hehn

jbnbjphtehn pbrsoni` mi mh`hjnyh

untue tbrus abebrkh mbnfhn ahie mhn

jb`heuehn inovhsi-inovhsi mh`hj




jbnkh`hnehn tufhs ebgujhshn mi

insthnsi Ebkheshhn QI.

Ebbjpht, aimhnf gujhs mituntut untue

lonlbrn tbrghmhp isu ebtbrauehhn

indorjhsi puaìe sbahfhijhnh mihtur

mh`hj Rnmhnf Rnmhnf Nojor 8=

]hgun 1337. Mh`hj unmhnf-unmhnf

ini mihtur jbnfbnhi ebwhkiahn sbhp

Ahmhn Suaìe untue jbjaueh hesbs

ahfi sbhp pbjogon indorjhsi puaìe

untue jbnmhphtehn indorjhsi puaìe,

ebluhì ababrhph indorjhsi tbrtbntu.

Ebìjh, jbjhesijhèhn jbmih

indorjhsi jhsyhrheht sbsuhi mbnfhn

hesb`brhsi pbrebjahnfhn tbenoòfi.

Sbnybmihhn lh`` lbntbr , situs rbsji,

bjhi` pbnfhmuhn, ahgehn `hyhnhn \J\

pun mipbrùehn mh`hj brh ebtbrauehhnindorjhsi mhn rbdorjhsi airoerhsi.

Ebbnhj, pbrsoni` gujhs ghrus

miisi o`bg orhnf-orhnf yhnf phghj

pbrebjahnfhn tbenoòfi indorjhsi.

Indorjhsi hmh`hg sbauhg ebeuhthn,

jheh ebeh sbauhg pbjabrithhn

mibmhrehn sblhrh ùhs jbnffunhehn

tbenoòfi lhnffig, gujhs pun ghrus

aish jbrbspon sblbpht pbjabrithhn

itu abrbmhr.

Ebtukug, pbrsoni` gujhs ghrusmiabehì i`ju tbnthnf puaìl lrisis

jhnhfbjbnt. Gujhs ghrus miabehì

ebjhjpuhn untue aish jbnfhnhìsis,

jbnfintbprbthsiehn, mhn jbnfbvhùhsi

eblbnmbrunfhn pbri`heu puaìe hths

sbhp pbjabrithhn yhnf jbnyhnfeut

insthnsi pbjbrinthg.

Ebmb`hphn, auehn khjhnnyh `hfi

gujhs insthnsi pbjbrinthg yhnf

abrjhin eulinf-eulinfhn mbnfhn pbrs

ehrbnh jbnmhphtehn indorjhsi yhnf

abnhr hmh`hg ghe sbùrug jhsyhrheht.

\b`hin itu, pbrsoni` gujhs sbghrusnyh

jbjhghji ahgwh jb`hùi pbrs-

`hg opini puaìe tbnthnf instusi

pbjbrinthg mhpht miahnfun.

Ebsbjai`hn, ebshmhrhn hehn

pbnnfnyh pbrhn gujhs,ehrbnh gujhs

hmh`hg jhth, tbìnfh, mhn suhrh mhri

orfhnishsi.

Ebsbpuùg, lipthehn hturhn hehn

pbnnfnyh pbjahfihn tufhs jbnfbnhi

pighe-pighe jhnh shkh yhnf abrghe

abrailhrh mi jbmih phtut jbnkhmi

pbrghhn. Khnfhn shjphi rhnlhnfhn

puaìehsi yhnf sumhg misusun

o`bg aimhnf gujhs shht jbrbspon

pbjabrithhn nbfhd kustru rushe

mhn abrtbnthnfhn mbnfhn tukuhn

orfhnishsi.

Indorjhsi jbjiìei pbrhn yhnf shnfht

pbnnf phmh pbrebjahnfhn mbjoerhsi

mhn pbjahnfunhn sistbj gueuj

tbr`baig kufh shht ini jbruphehn sh`hg

shtu mhri pbrhn sbrth sbhp `bjahfh

mh`hj pbnlbfhghn mhn pbjabrhnthshn

eorupsi.

Ebjumihn mhri indorjhsi tbrsbauttbntunyh kufh thnph miebthgui o`bg

puaìe, hehn sih-sih kufh jhehnyh

pbrù pbrhn sbrth jbmih sbahfhi

shrhnh pbnfindorjhsihnnyh ebphmh

jhsyhrheht mbnfhn h`hshn ;

Sbrthjh, hesbs indorjhsi jb`hùi jbmih

mhpht jbjauht jhsyhrheht `baig

tbrindorjhsi sbginffh jbrbeh mhpht

jbjauht sbauhg ebputushn yhnf

abrthnffunf khwha mhn sbahìenyh

mhe jb`heuehn nmhehn yhnf mimhshri

ebmhe thguhn hthu ebmhe pbmuìhn.

Ebmuh, hesbs tbrghmhp indorjhsi

jb`hùi jbmih kufh jbnlipthehn

dunfsi pbnfhwhshn (lgbleinf dunlon)

ebphmh `bjahfh-`bjahfh puaìe untue

jbjhsehn ahgwh `bjahfh-`bjahfh

ini “tbrjhsue `bjahfh pbnbfhe

gueuj- untue abebrkh sbsuhi mbnfhn

ghrhphnnyh.

‐Ebmuh pbrhn pbnnf jbmih ini`hg

yhnf jbjauht sbahfihn orhnf pbrlhyh

ahgwh jbmih mhn eojuniehsi jhssh

sbahfhi Si`hr Ebbjpht mhri mbjoerhsi

(Dourtg Bsthtb). Jbmih jbjonitor

prosbs poìe mhn pbnbfhehn gueuj

untue jbjhsehn ahgwh jbrbeh

yhnf jbjiìei ebwbnhnfhn mhe

jbnyh`hgfunhehnnyh,‚ ukhrnyh.

Sbrghhn jbmih yhnf shnfht

abshr tbrghmhp pbnbfhehn gueuj,

`hnkut Rntunf, abrpbnfhrug mh`hj

jbnbntuehn ‐nhsia‚ sborhnf pbnbfhe

gueuj mh`hj jbjpbro`bg ebpbrlhyhhn

puaìe. Jbmih mhpht jbnkhmi ‐einf

jhebrs‚ hthu sbahìenyh jb`heuehn

‐lghrhltbr hsshssinhon‚ tbrghmhp

pbkhaht puaìe.

‐Mi sini`hg pbrhn jbmih jhssh jbnkhmi

shnfht 'eontrovbrsih`' ehrbnh mi shtu sisi

jbmih--mhn hwhenyh- mituntut untue

sb`hù oakbed, dhetuh`, mhn abebrkh

sbsuhi eomb be kurnhìse, nhjun

mi sisi `hin jbrbeh kufh jhnusih,

ehryhwhn mhri sbauhg pbrushghhn,

jbjiìei pbrhshhn, pbnmhpht sbnmiri,

hthu ebpbnnfhn tbrtbntu,‚ khwhanyh.

Ghrus miheui, kb`hs Rntunf, ebpbrlhyhhn

puaìe tbrghmhp `bjahfh-`bjahfhpbnbfhe gueuj sbmhnf mh`hj ebhmhhn

erisis. Besposur jbmih tbrghmhp

abrahfhi ehsus-ehsus eorupsi yhnf

jbìahtehn hphrht pbnbfhe gueuj

jbnbnffb`hjehn prbsthsi-prbsthsi

yhnf tb`hg miauht pbnbfhe gueuj.

Ahnyhe pbnfhjht jbmih yhnf jbnybaut

eblbnmbrunfhn mrhjhshsi ini sbahfhi

gypbr-lovbrhfb hthu pbjabrithhn yhnf

abr`baighn.Gypbr-lovbrhfb jbnffbsbr

dunfsi abrith mhri dunfsi rbehpitu`hsi

(jbrhnfeuj pbriswh “ pbriswh

pbnnf yhnf tbrkhmi mh`hj ebgimuphnsbghri-ghri) jbnkhmi dunfsi lonnuous

upmhnf (jbnyhkiehn suhtu abrith mhn

jbnfieu pbrebjahnfhn lbrith sblhrh

tbrus jbnbrus) yhnf tbrehmhnf ghjpir

thnph ukunf ehrbnh shtu dheth mithutehn

phmh dheth yhnf `hin.

‐Ahnyhe lontog yhnf tbrkhmi mi jhnh

hegirnyh pbrjhsh`hghn tbrsbaut sumhg

mhe `hfi jbnybntug hspbe suasthnsih`

mhri ehsusnyh sbju`h ehrbnh

pbjabrithhnnyh sumhg jbrbjabt

eb hspbe `hin yhnf shjh sbehì the

abrguaunfhn,‚ ukhrnyh.

\bahfhi Ehpuspbneuj, Rntunf sbnmiri

jbìght hmhnyh thnthnfhn abshr yhnf

ghrus mighmhpi bjahfhnyh. ‐]hnthnfhn

tbrabshr ahfi puspbneuj shht ini hmh`hg

ahfhijhnh jbnlipthehn `bjahfh

ebgujhshn phmh instusi ebkheshhn

ini pbeh tbrghmhp jbmih mhn mhpht




jbjbnhnfehn ebpbrlhyhhn puaìe

hfhr hegirnyh Intusi Ebkheshhn sbahfhi

sh`hg shtu pi`hr pbnbfhehn gueuj mi

Inmonbsih, einbrkh mhn litrhnyh mhpht

mipbrlhyh o`bg jhsyhrheht,‚ ukhrnyh.

Miehthehn Rntunf, Ebkhfunf sbnmiri

tb`hg jbnfinvbsthsiehn ahnyhe

hnffhrhn untue pb`heshnhhn

ebtbrauehhn indorjhsi. Suspbneuj

sbahfhi `bhminf sbltor tb`hg mhn jhsig

jb`heuehn sosihìshsi mhn pb`hghn

pb`hyhnhn indorjhsi puaìe ahfi Sbkhaht

Sbnhnffunf Khwha Indorjhsi mhn

Moeujbnthsi (SSIM) ahie mi Ebkheshhn

Hfunf, Ebkheshhn ]inffi mhn Ebkheshhn

Nbfbri.

‐\osihìshsi mhn pb`hghn ini miabriehn

hfhr pb`heshnh tufhs mhpht jbjhghjiwbwbnhnf mhn thnffunf khwhanyh

mh`hj pb`hyhnhn indorjhsi sbehìfus

jbnunkueehn eojitjbn ebkheshhn

untue jbjabriehn pb`hyhnhn indorjhsi

yhnf lbpht, jumhg, mhn jurhg. @baig

khug `hfi pb`heshnhhn sosihìshsi mhn

pb`hghn ini jbruphehn sh`hg shtu

prioriths Ebkheshhn Hfunf mh`hj

pbjabrhnthshn eorupsi sbsuhi mbnfhn

Instruesi Srbsimbn No.9 thgun 1388,‚

kb`hsnyh.

Kieh pbrhturhn tbrsbaut mi`heshnhehn

sblhrh eonsistbn, `hnkut Rntunf, mi

jhsh yhnf hehn mhthnf Suspbneuj mi

Ebkhfunf hthu dunfsi gujhs/pbneuj

mi Ebkh mhn Ebkhri mhpht abrebjahnf

sbsuhi eonsbp Susht Indorjhsi

Jhsyhrheht (Lizbn Indorjhon Lbntbr )

yhnf jbjunfeinehn indorjhsi muh hrhg

hnthrh ebkheshhn mbnfhn jhsyhrheht.

‐Mi ehntor Ebkhfunf shht ini tb`hg

tbrmhpht jbkh indorjhsi. Jbkh

indorjhsi ini mighrhpehn mhphtjbnkhmi 'whkhg ahru' Ebkhfunf yhnf

jbnybmihehn `hyhnhn indorjhsi puaìe

sbehìfus shùrhn untue jbnyhjphiehn

ujphn ahìe. Jomb` onb stop sbrvilbs

untue pb`hyhnhn puaìe ini ghrus

miebjahnfehn mi Ebkh hthu Ebkhri,‚

ukhrnyh.

Jbkh indorjhsi hmh`hg e pbrthjh

ahfi whrfh nbfhrh untue jbnmhphtehn

indorjhsi sbehìfus e pbrthjh

untue jbnyhjphiehn jhsuehn hthu

ebabrhthn. Sb`hyhnhn indorjhsi

puaìe yhnf opjh` mighrhpehn

mhpht jbjabri pbnfhrug abshr phmh

pbnlipthhn mhn pbjbìghrhhn litrh

ebkheshhn sbahfhi `bjahfh yhnf

tbrpbrlhyh mhn eoopbrhd.

Ebkheshhn pbrlhyh ahgwh pbrhturhn

ini hmh`hg sh`hg shtu uphyh untue

jbnmbehtehn miri phmh jhsyhrheht mhn

jb`heuehn intbrhesi. Jbjabriehn hesbs

mhn jbjdhsiìthsi ebautughn indorjhsi

jhsyhrheht hmh`hg pi`hr pbnnf mh`hjjbjbnhnfehn ebpbrlhyhhn puaìe.

]imhe hehn hmh ebpbrlhyhhn puaìe

thnph trhnsphrhnsi mhn heunthaiìths.

]brehit indorjhsi pbnhnfhnhn pbrehrh




mhn pbnfhmuhn, `hnkut Rntunf,

pighenyh kufh sumhg jbnybmihehn

hesbs indorjhsi yhnf aish mihesbs puaìl

mhri Ebkheshhn Hfunf.

\hht ini, pbnfbjahnfhn Vbasitb

Ebkheshhn QI ; www.ebkheshhn.fo.im

sbahfhi sh`hg shtu shrhnh eojuniehsi

puaìe yhnf mihnmhèhn, mhpht mihesbs

sbhp shht o`bg jhsyhrheht sblhrh

onìnb yhnf jbnyhkiehn indorjhsi

pbnnf mhri einbrkh ebkheshhn yhnf

tbreonbesi mbnfhn Ebkh sbùrug

Inmonbsih.

‐Mi jhsh yhnf hehn mhthnf pbrhn gujhs

mi mhbrhg hthu dunfsi gujhs/pbneuj

mi Ebkh mhn Ebkhri mhpht abrebjahnf

sbsuhi eonsbp Susht Indorjhsi

Jhsyhrheht (Lizbn IndorjhonLbntbr) yhnf jbjunfeinehn indorjhsi

muh hrhg hnthrh ebkheshhn mbnfhn

jhsyhrheht,‚ ukhrnyh.

]imhe mipunfeiri ahgwh jhsig ahnyhe

pbnfhmuhn jbmih tbrghmhp gujhs mi

mhbrhg, o`bg ehrbnh-nyh Suspbneuj

Ebkhfunf jbnfbjahnfehn eonsbp

jbkh indorjhsi. Jbkh indorjhsi ini

mighrhpehn mhpht jbnkhmi ‐whkhg ahru‚

mi instusi Ebkhfunf yhnf jbnybmihehn

`hyhnhn indorjhsi puaìe sbehìfus

shùrhn untue jbnyhjphiehn ujphnahìe. Jomb` onb stop sbrvilbs untue

pb`hyhnhn puaìe yhnf miebjahnfehn

kufh mi Ebkh hthu Ebkhri.

‐Jbrbspon gh` tbrsbaut tbntunyh

auehn mh`hj rhnfeh jbjab`h miri,

nhjun `baig ebphmh jbjahntu inshn

pbrs mh`hj jbjabriehn abrith yhnf

abrijahnf mhn vhìm. Ehrbnh itu strhtbfi

mhn eonsbp yhnf ghrus eith `heuehn

hmh`hg mbnfhn jb`heuehn rbvithìshsi

hthu jbnfgimupehn ebjahì.

Qbvithìshsi ebgujhshn hmh`hg uphyh

eith untue jbnfgimupehn ebjahì

pbrhn Suspbneuj untue jbnkhmi `baig

bdbed mhn opjh` mi mh`hj suhtu

instusi,‚ kb`hsnyh.

\bahfhi `bhminf sbetor pb`hyhnhn

indorjhsi puaìe mhn dunfsi ebgujhshn

Ebkheshhn Hfunf QI, `hnkut Rntunf,

Suspbneuj jbnfbdbehn eojuniehsi

sblhrh prohed mbnfhn shtuhn ebrkh

`hinnyh mh`hj rhnfeh jbnyhkiehn

indorjhsi mhn mhth ebphmh jhsyhrheht.

Jbsei abùj thgu abrhph `hjh hehn

jbnkh`hnehn dunfsi mhn khahthn sbahfhi

Ehpuspbneuj, jbnurut Rntunf,

pbrfhnhn mhn juthsi mh`hj suhtu

eb`bjahfhhn hmh`hg sbahfhi ahfihn

prosbs pbnybfhrhn mhn pbnfbjahnfhn

khahthn, hfhr abreinbrkh baig ahie. Ahfi

shyh sb`hin ebmuh gh` tbrsbaut, khahthn

ehpuspbneuj kufh jbruphehn suhtu

hjhnhg yhnf ghrus mibjahn mbnfhn

pbnug rhsh thnffunf khwha mhn

ebieg`hshn.

Yhnf phs, `hnkut mih, mh`hj

jbnkh`hnehn tufhs mhn thnffunf khwhanyh sbahfhi khesh, mhn sbahfhi

Ebpuspbneuj, Rntunf jbjbfhnf

tbfug prinsip ebkukurhn.

‐Ahfi shyh, prinsip yhnf shyh pbmojhni

mh`hj abebrkh shnfht`hg sbmbrghnh

yhitu abr`heu kukur phmh miri sbnmiri,

ieg`hs mh`hj jb`heshnhehn tufhs,

eonsintbn, mhn jbnkhmiehn sbauhg

pbebrkhhn sbahfhi ruhnf pbjab`hkhrhn

mhn furu ahfi sbauhg pbnfh`hjhn,‚

ukhrnyh.

Mh`hj abebrkh, pbrhn istbri mhn ebùhrfh

mhn orhnf-orhnf tbrmbeht, jbnkhmi

jovhsi tbrsbnmiri ahfi Rntunf untue

jbnyb`bshiehn mhn jb`heshnhehn

tufhs mhn thnffunf khwhanyh mi

instusi Hmgiyhesh itu.

‐Ahfi \hyh, ebùhrfh hmh`hg tbjpht

pbrthjh ehì pbjabntuehn po`h

eir mhn pbjab`hkhrhn ahfi miri shyh

sbabùj jbnuku eb ìnfeunfhn sosih`

mhn jhsyhrheht. Sbjabntuehn mhn

pbjab`hkhrhn itu shyh mhphtehn mhri

hyhg shyh sborhnf purnhwirhwhn

yhnf sb`hù jbnmimie shyh sbkhe ebli`

'misipìn', nhsight yhnf shjphi shht

ini sb`hù shyh infht mhn mhe pbrnhg

shyh ùphehn yheni ghrus jbnfghrfhi

pbnmhpht orhnf `hin,‚ ukhrnyh.

Dunfsi ebùhrfh mh`hj ebgimuphn

Rntunf, miheuinyh shnfht abshr

pbnfhrugnyh mh`hj pbrkh`hnhn ehrir

mhn jbnunkhnf pb`heshnhhn tufhs-

tufhs mhn ebwhkiahnnyh. ‐Sbrkh`hnhn

gimup shyh ginffh shht ini mhe

pbrnhg `bphs mhriphmh pbrghhn

sbrth mueunfhn mhri ebùhrfh. Orhnf

tuh sbrth istbri mhn ebmuh hnhe shyh

hmh`hg pbjahnfeit sbjhnfht mhn

jovhtor mh`hj jb`heshnhehn tufhs

sbahfhi hphrhtur pbnbfhe gueuj phmh

Instusi Ebkheshhn yhnf sb`hjh ini shyh

jbnfhami,‚ kb`hsnyh.

Mi hnthrh ebsiauehnnyh, Rntunf

tbthp mhe jbninffhèhn goai mhn

ebaihshhnnyh untue abrshnthi mbnfhn

jbniejh jhshehn auhthnnyh, mhn

abreujpu` abrshjh ebùhrfhnyh.

‐]imhe ahnyhe yhnf shyh `heuehn,ehrbnh sbghri-ghri shyh pu`hnf `hrut

jh`hj nhjun yhnf mhe pbrnhg

shyh nffhèhn sbabùj shyh mur

shyh jbjaueh situs abrith untue

jbnfbthgui abrahfhi pbrebjahnfhn

indorjhsi, egususnyh yhnf abrehithn

mbnfhn abrith-abrith ebkheshhn mhn

jhsh`hg gueuj, sb`hin goai jbjhshe

mhn jhin jusie,‚ ukhrnyh.

Ahfi Rntunf, gimup itu ghrus jbjiìei

intbfriths. Mih jbnkb`hsehn, intbfriths

hmh`hg eonsistbnsinyh hnthrh suhtunmhehn mbnfhn ni`hi mhn prinsip.

Ebeh sbsborhnf abrintbfriths jheh

nmhehnnyh sbsuhi mbnfhn ni`hi,

ebyheinhn mhn prinsip yhnf mipbfhnfnyh

mhn tbntunyh intbfriths mh`hj hr yhnf

posid yhitu ebkukurhn mhn ebabnhrhn

mhri nmhehn sbsborhnf ehrbnh

sbsborhnf yhnf abrintbfriths auehn

pb jhnusih yhnf ahnyhe whkhg mhn

pbnhjpi`hn yhnf misbsuhiehn mbnfhn

jod mhn ebpbnnfhn priahminyh.

‐Shmh ghebehtnyh intbfriths jbruphehn

sh`hg shtu eunli ahfi miri sbsborhnf mi

jhnh ulhphnnyh hmh`hg jbruphehn

nmhehnnyh ehrbnh abrehithn mbnfhn

jorh` mhn ebkukurhn,‚ tutupnyh.

]ij Qbmhesi




SO@I]I\I

\babùj tbrkun eb munih poìtie prhetis, Qibeb Mihg Sithòeh lueup

tbnhr mh`hj jbniti ehribr mi phnffunf giaurhn. Ih jhin sinbtron, `j,

mrhjh, pbjahwh hlhrh. Qibeb kufh jbnuìs aueu.

]hnffhpi ]untuthn Aurug \oh` Ebnhiehn Rphg

‚Sbjbrinthg Khnfhn Khmi F`hmihtor Rphg‚


Qibeb Mihg Sithòeh Hnffoth Eojisi IW MSQ QI




Sbrbjpuhn eb`hgirhn Fhrut,

Khwh Ahrht, 7 Khnuhri 896=

itu shnfht miebnh` sbahfhi

Onbnf , pbjbrhn mh`hj

sinbtron eojbmihn Ahkhk Ahkuri yhnf

miputhr mi tb`bvisi. \bkhe 38 Oetoabr

1339 Qibeb mumue sbahfhi hnffothMbwhn Sbrwhei`hn Qheyht mhri Shrthi

Mbjoerhsi Inmonbsih Sbrkuhnfhn

(SMI-S) mhn mitbjphtehn mi Eojisi IW

yhnf jbjaimhnfi urushn ebsbkhgtbrhhn

jhsyhrheht, ebsbghthn, tbnhfh ebrkh,

mhn trhnsjifrhsi.

\bphnkhnf 138<, pbrfo`hehn aurug

mhn tbnhfh ebrkh Inmonbsih (]EI) mi

ùhr nbfbri lueup ahnyhe jbwhrnhi

pbrsoh`hn nbfbri ini. Qibeb pun hed

mh`hj jb`heuehn hmvoehsi sbrth

jbnyuhrhehn suhrh aurug mi fbmunf

phr`bjbn \bnhyhn, Khehrth.

Ebeh mitbjui mi Eojp`bes MSQ,

\bnhyhn (Ehjis, <8 Oetoabr 138<),

Qibeb abrshjh ababrhph hnffoth

Eojisi IW MSQ sbmhnf jbnbrijh

sbkuj`hg b`bjbn aurug mhn ]EI

sbrth rhtushn hnhe auhg ehph` mhri

pbrushghhn hsinf. Jbrbeh, orhnf-orhnf

Inmonbsih yhnf abebrkh mi pbrushghhn

itu, jbnfhmuehn nhsia mhn pbr`heuhn

mhe hmi` yhnf mih`hji jbrbeh sbrth

sbkuj`hg pbrsoh`hn pbraurughn mhn

ebtbnhfhebrkhhn.

\behìpun MSQ sbmhnf mh`hj jhsh

rbsbs, pbrtbjuhn mifb`hr untue

jbnybrhp jhsuehn mhn pbrjhsh`hghn

]EI phmh ghri itu. \bahfhi sh`hg

sborhnf hnffoth ]ij Sbnfhwhs ]EI

MSQ, Qibeb pun jbnffb`hr pbrtbjuhn

yhnf abrthkue Qhpht Mbnfhr SbnmhphtRjuj (QMSR) ]ij Sbnfhwhs MSQ

tbrghmhp Sbrìnmunfhn ]bnhfh Ebrkh

Inmonbsih mbnfhn @\J-@\J Aimhnf ]EI

@uhr Nbfbri tbrsbaut.

Sbrtbjuhn yhnf mifb`hr mi Quhnfhn

Ahmhn Heunthaiìths Ebuhnfhn Nbfhrh

MSQ QI mi `hnthi < Fbmunf Nushnthrh II

miju`hi pueu` 8<.33 VIA. Qibeb thjphe

hntusihs jbnmbnfhr mhn jbnybrhp

pbrsoh`hn yhnf sbmhnf mighmhpi phrh

]EI itu.

Mbnfhn stb`hn ahku `bnfhn phnkhnf

whrnh pug yhnf miphmu mbnfhn lb`hnh

ahghn phnkhnf githj, Qibeb yhnf

jbnfbnhehn ehlh jhth itu miebruaunfi

rhtushn aurug yhnf jbnyhjphiehn

hspirhsi jbrbeh ghri itu, ushi pbrtbjuhnjbnkb`hnf pueu` 86.33 VIA. Shrh

aurug ]EI itu pun jbjinth ebsbmihhn

Onbnf untue abrdoto abrshjh.

\bjbnthrh mi kh`hn-kh`hn uthjh Iaueoth

Khehrth mhn sbkuj`hg eoth abshr mi

Inmonbsih, phmh ghri yhnf shjh rhtushn

riau aurug jbnffb`hr hesi jofoe mhn

mbjonstrhsi jbnuntut pbrahiehn

ebsbkhgtbrhhn aurug mbnfhn jbjinth

ebnhiehn sthnmhr fhki Qp <,6 kuth rupihg

pbr au`hnnyh.

Jbnhnffhpi pbrsoh`hn aurug mi

Inmonbsih yhnf thjphenyh mhe

eunkunf jbnfh`hji pbrahiehn nhsia,Qibeb jbnyhjphiehn pbrsoh`hn inmustri

the aish mifbnbrhìsir ghnyh ehrbnh

pbrsoh`hn aurug mhn pbebrkh jbjinth

ebnhiehn uphg sbjhth.

Jbnurut pbrbjpuhn yhnf sumhg

jbnfinkhe usih <9 thgun itu, pbnfushgh

ghrus tbraueh hths sbfh`h sbaha-

jushaha `hin yhnf jbnyuìtehn munih

ushgh mi Inmonbsih.

‚Eith jbnyhjphiehn mhn jbnmbshe

pbjbrinthg untue jbnfhjai` `hnfehg

yhnf soùd, mhe sbebmhr pbnlitbrhhn

ab`heh.Rntue jbnyb`bshiehn pbrsoh`-

hn ebsbkhgtbrhhn aurug eith ini,

eith jbnhfig khnki pbjbrinthg hths

bjpht phebt ebaikhehn beonoji yhnf

mifbjahr-fbjaorehn sb`hjh ini.

Khnfhn ebjumihn sbo`hg-o`hg pbebrkh-

`hg yhnf sb`hù mituminf sbahfhi

pbnybaha ebsuìthn ahfi pbnfushgh,‚

kb`hs Qibeb.

Hnffoth MSQ yhnf phmh Sbjiù 1339

jhku mhri mhbrhg Sbjiìghn Khwh

Ahrht II itu jbnfinfhtehn, thrid mhshr

ìstrie (]M@) yhnf jbnfh`hji ebnhiehn

sbahnyhe bjpht ehì sbphnkhnf 138< ini

sumhg shnfht jbjpbrsuìt ebgimuphn

sbghri-ghri abrahfhi `hpishn aurug mi

Inmonbsih.

‚@hù, sbehrhnf pbjbrinthg pun

jbnyhthehn hehn jbnhieehn ]M@ untueinmustri thgun mbphn. Abùj hfi punfì,

indrhstruetur yhnf mhe miabri mhyh

mueunf tbrghmhp inmustri, pbrizinhn

yhnf abrabìt-abìt, mhn sbahfhinyh, itu

jbnunkueehn mbnfhn kb`hs mhn nyhth

ahgwh ebmheabrpighehn pbjbrinthg

tbrghmhp munih inmustri yhnf kufh

jbnyhnfeut kuthhn nhsia aurug, yh

mhe jbnmhpht pbrghhn sbrius.

‚Eith jbnyhjphiehn mhnjbnmbshe pbjbrinthg

untue jbnfhjai` `hnfehg

yhnf soùtid, timhe sbebmhr

pbnlitbrhhn ab`heh. Rntue

jbnyb`bshiehn pbrsoh`hn

ebsbkhgtbrhhn aurug

eith ini, eith jbnhfig khnki pbjbrinthg hths

bjpht phebt ebaikhehn

beonoji yhnf mifbjahr-

fbjaorehn sb`hjh ini.

Khnfhn ebjumihn sbo`hg-

o`hg pbebrkh-`hg yhnf

sb`hù mituminf sbahfhi

pbnybaha ebsuìthn ahfi

pbnfushgh,‚




SO@I]I\I

Ahgehn, khnki pbjbrinthg hths insbnd

phkhe shjphi eini mhe hmh rbhìshsinyh,‚

phphrnyh.

Aurug mhn pbebrkh sbetor `hinnyh

jbnuntut ebnhiehn uphg yhnf

nffi. Jbnurut Qibeb, gh` itu tbrkhmimiehrbnhehn ahnyhe dhetor yhnf

jbjbnfhrugi ebgimuphn aurug.

\bmhenyh, hmh fh hrfujbnthsi

jbnfhph ghrus hmh ebnhiehn uphg

yhnf sifniehn phmh 138=. Sbrthjh,

ebnhiehn ahghn ahehr jinyhe (AAJ)

phmh 138< yhnf jbnlhphi <3 pbrsbn,

sbjbnthrh uphg rhth-rhth phmh 138<

ghnyh jbnfh`hji ebnhiehn sbeithr 89

pbrsbn shkh. Gh` itu jbnfheiahtehn

bdbe mojino sbpbr bdbe phmh

ebnhiehn thrid hnfeuthn ujuj mhn

trhnsporthsi,ebnhiehn onfeos promuesi

yhnf abrukunf phmh ebnhiehn ghrfh

ebautughn poeoe.

‚Ebmuh, jb`bjhgnyh ni`hi tuehr rupihg

tbrghmhp mo`hr Hjbrieh abrmhjphe

phmh ebnhiehn ebautughn poeoe. Gh`

itu miehrbnhehn ebaikhehn ijpor phnfhn

yhnf miabì pbjbrinthg jhyoriths

jbnffunhehn mo`hr,‚ ukhr istri Monny

Fhgrh` Hmihn, mosbn `shdht Rnivbrsiths

Inmonbsih, itu.

Ebfh, ebnhiehn ghrfh ]M@ phmh 138<

sbabshr 82 pbrsbn, yhnf mi`heuehn pbr

fh au`hn jhsinf-jhsinf =,< pbrsbn

phmh Khnuhri, Hpri`, Kuni, mhn Oetoabr,

kufh aish jbjilu bdbe mojino yhnf

shjh sbpbr yhnf tbrkhmi ebeh

miebùhrehnnyh ebaikhehn ebnhiehn

ghrfh AAJ.

Shmhgh`, mh`hj Instruesi Srbsimbn

(Inprbs) Nojor 39 ]hgun 138< tbnthnfEbaikhehn Sbnbthphn Rphg Jinijuj

Mh`hj Qhnfeh Ebabr`hnfsunfhn

Rshgh mhn Sbninfehthn Ebsbkhgtbrhhn

Sbebrkh, kufh jbjuht pbrinthg yhnf

abraunyi, ‚Ebphmh Ehpo`ri, Srbsimbn

jbnfinstruesiehn untue jbjhnthu

prosbs pbnbntuhn mhn pb`heshnhhn

ebaikhehn uphg jinijuj untue

jbnlipthehn ebtbrahn mhn ebhjhnhn

sbsuhi pbrhturhn pbrunmhnf-unmhnfhn

yhnf abr`heu‚.

]brnyhth, `hnkut Qibeb, instruesi itu

mish`hgfunhehn hphrht ebpoìsihn, yheni

untue jbjueu` eonsoìmhsi aurug yhnf

jbnuntut ebnhiehn uphg.

‚Inprbs itu pu`h yhnf mikhmiehn hnmhshn

nmhehn rbprbsid yhnf mi`heuehn hphrht

ahru-ahru ini mh`hj eonsoìmhsi tbrehit

uphg mi Gotb` Shnmhnhrhn, \bjhrhnf,

Khwh ]bnfhg. Khmi, abfitu`hg sh`hg

shtu gh` yhnf ghrus mifhrisahwhgi mhri

Inprbs yhnf miebùhrehn \AY. Hmh gh`

yhnf jbnfunmhnf ahnyhe pbrthnyhhn

mbnfhn miebùhrehnnyh Inprbs

tbrsbaut.‚

]brehit mbnfhn ebaikhehn pbnfuphghn,

Qibeb jbnfinfhtehn, gh` itu sumhg

mihtur mh`hj Rnmhnf Rnmhnf

Ebtbnhfhebrkhhn yheni Rnmhnf Rnmhnf

Nojor 8< thgun 138<, tbruthjh phmh

Shsh` 77-97. ‐Itu sumhg mihtur mi mh`hj

unmhnf-unmhnf.‚

Mih jbnybautehn, phmh Shsh` 96

miehthehn, ‚Ebtbntuhn jbnfbnhi

pbnfghsi`hn yhnf `hyhe, ebaikhehn

pbnfuphghn, ebautughn gimup `hyhe,

mhn pbrìnmunfhn pbnfuphghn,

pbnbthphn uphg jinijuj, mbnmh mhn

sbtbrusnyh mihtur mbnfhn Sbrhturhn

Sbjbrinthg‚.

\hjphi shht ini, Inprbs

tbnthnf Ebaikhehn

Sbnbthphn Rphg

Jinijuj Mh`hj Qhnfeh

Ebabr`hnfsunfhn

Rshgh mhn Sbninfehthn

Ebsbkhgtbrhhn Sbebrkh

jhsig abrloeo` mhn

abùj milhaut o`bg

Srbsimbn. Shmhgh`, prosbs

pbnfuphghn sbmhnf

abr`hnfsunf mi sbùrug

Inmonbsih shht ini.




‚Khmi kb`hs, auehn Inprbs yhnf sbghrusnyh

yhnf miebùhrehn pbjbrinthg mh`hj gh`

urushn uphg,‚ thjahgnyh.

\hjphi shht ini, Inprbs tbnthnf

Ebaikhehn Sbnbthphn Rphg JinijujMh`hj Qhnfeh Ebabr`hnfsunfhn Rshgh

mhn Sbninfehthn Ebsbkhgtbrhhn Sbebrkh

jhsig abrloeo` mhn abùj milhaut o`bg

Srbsimbn. Shmhgh`, prosbs pbnfuphghn

sbmhnf abr`hnfsunf mi sbùrug

Inmonbsih shht ini.

‚Ahfi shyh, Inprbs Nojor 9 ]hgun 138<

itu hmh`hg inprbs i`bfh`. Itu mikhmiehn

sbahfhi h`ht untue jbnfhìgehn

tuntuthn yhnf abrthgun-thgun eith

tuntut abrshjh, yheni uphg `hyhe,‚

shjaunf Qibeb.

O`bg ehrbnh itu, sbmhenyh hmh

fh gh` kufh yhnf ghrus tbthp

misuhrhehn mhn mipbrkuhnfehn, yheni,

pbrthjh, jbjaonfehr Sbrhturhn

Jbntbri (Sbrjbn) tbnthnf Eojponbn

Gimup @hyhe (EG@). Jbnmbshe

miuahgnyh sthnmhr yhnf mifunhehn

sb`hjh ini, yheni sthnmhr yhnf

phtoehnnyh abrmhshrehn aurug hthu

pbebrkh `hkhnf mbnfhn aurug hthu

pbebrkh abrebùhrfh. Ebmuh, jb`heuehn

rbvisi hths 43 EG@ jbnkhmi 7= EG@.

‚Aish mi`heuehn survbi phshr thnminfhn.

Khnfhn survbi mi phshr inmue, tbthpi

ghrus mi phshr-phshr yhnf mbeht mbnfhn

pbrjueijhn aurug mhn pbebrkh hfhr

mipbro`bg ni`hi yhnf sbsuhi mbnfhn

ebautughn gimup `hyhe sbtbjpht,‚

ukhrnyh.

Ebfh, jbnfhwhsi pbrunminfhn-

pbrunminfhn yhnf sbmhnf abr`hnfsunf

mi mbwhn pbnfuphghn eoth/ ehauphtbn

mhn provinsi.

‚Abriehn support mhn jhsuehn ebphmh

pbrwhei`hn aurug mhn pbebrkh mi shnh,‚

ehth Qibeb.

Qibeb kufh jbnfinfhtehn, jhsyhrheht

gbnmhenyh mhe `bnfhg sbaha

pbjahghshn au`hn Oetoabr ini hehn

jbnbntuehn pbnfghsi`hn pbebrkhP

aurug sbphnkhnf thgun 138=.

‚Ebputushn ebnhiehn uphg hehnabr`heu mhe ghnyh ahfi aurug hthu

pbebrkh pharie. Ebputushn pbrsbnthsb

sbrth nojinh` ebnhiehn uphg abr`heu

ahfi sbùrug pbebrkh mi sbetor hph

pun.‚

Ebeh mithnyh soh` h`hshn phrh

pbnfushgh yhnf jbjabr h`hshn ahgwh

hehn fuùnf ehr ai`h ghrus jbnhieehn

uphg sbsuhi tuntuthn aurug, Qibeb

jbni`hi gh` itu aish shkh sbahfhi heh`-

heh`hn pbnfushgh sbjhth untue

jbrhup untunf yhnf abshr. Nhjun,

gh` itu auehn`hg pbrsoh`hn yhnf

sbsunffugnyh.

‐Jbnurut shyh, eith mhe ushg

shìnf abrprhshnfeh nbfhd. @baig

ahie hsosihsi pbnfushgh jbjahntu

jbnmhth hnffothnyh yhnf jbjhnf

eonmisi pbrushghhnnyh mhe mhpht

jbjbnugi ebnhiehn uphg thgun

mbphn. ]hpi, tbntu shkh pbnugi syhrht-

syhrht mhn hturhn gueuj yhnf abr`heu,

khnfhn shjphi miheh`-hehì,‚ ukhrnyh.

Dunfsi triphrt, yhnf tbrmiri mhri unsurpbjbrinthg, pbebrkh/aurug, mhn

pbjabri ebrkh, mh`hj pbnbthphn uphg

ghrus abnhr-abnhr abrkh`hn.

‚Eith jbnmbshe pbjbrinthg untue

abrnmhe mhn jbnkh`hnehn dunfsinyh

sbahfhi ahfihn mhri unsur triphrt.

Sbjbrinthg ghrus jbnkhmi jbmihtor.

Khnfhn jh`hg lipthehn hrbnh f`hmihtor

pbnfuphghn.

\hyh yhein, the hmh shtu orhnf pbebrkh

pun yhnf jbnfinfinehn pbrushghhn

tbjpht ih abebrkh fuùnf ehr. Ehrbnh

hrnyh, ih ebgi`hnfhn pbebrkhhn

yhnf jbnkhmi sujabr nhhg untue

jbnfgimupi ebùhrfhnyh,‚ ehthnyh.

Qoy K\




BE\BER]ID

]brnyhth, Jbnhieehn Fhki Ehryhwhn

Jh`hg Jbjauht EHI Jbrhig @hahS] Ebrbth Hpi Inmonbsih (Sbrsbro) tbrus abrabnhg miri jbjabriehn

pb`hyhnhn tbrahie ebphmh phrh pbnffunhnyh. Mi hnthrhnyh,

jbninfehtehn pb`hyhnhn, b-tilebtinf, mhn jbnmoronf jhsyhrheht

abraumhyh tbrtia.

\u`istyo Vijao GhrmkitoMirbetur Eojbrsih` S] EHI





BE\BER]ID

Eini, pbrushghhn ahmhn ushgh

jiìe nbfhrh ini tbrlhtht

sbahfhi pbrushghhn yhnf

phìnf hfrbsid mhn inovhd

mh`hj pbjabnhghn eorporhsi sb`hjh

bjpht thgun tbrhegir. Itu tbraue

mhri abrahfhi pbrahiehn dunmhjbnth`

phmh einbrkh ebuhnfhn, jhnhkbjbn,

mhn yhnf tbruthjh pb`hyhnhn ebphmh

pbnffunh khsh ebrbth hpi (EH).

Mithjahg `hfi, S] EHI suesbs jbni

kh`hn bvoùsi untue ebjahì eb kh

miri sbahfhi sbrvilb lojphny , yhnf

jbnfbmbphnehn pb`hyhnhn sbahfhi

btos ebrkh uthjh sbùrug ìni eorporhsi.

Sbruahghn jbnmhshr yhnf miirinfi

ònkhehn einbrkh eorporhsi itu jbnmhpht

hprbsihsi mhri puaìe.

‚S] Ebrbth Hpi Inmonbsih (EHI) hehntbrus abrinovhsi, hnthrh `hin, mbnfhn

jb`heuehn pbrùhshn òehsi,‚ ehth

Mirbetur Eojbrsih` S] EHI, \uìstyo

Vijao Ghrmkito, ebphmh Jhkh`hg

IN]BFQI]H\ mi ehntornyh mi ehwhshn

\thsiun Ebrbth Hpi Kuhnmh, Khehrth

Susht. ‚Sun, eith tbnfhg jbnffunhehn

rhi` lebt systbj (Q]\) untue EH khrhe

khug mhn òeh`. Mhn phmh hegir thgun

ini mithrfbtehn sbjuh EH òeh` sumhg

jbnffunhehn Q]\.‚

Q]\ hmh`hg hpìehsi ahrulebnf systbj S] EHI yhnf jhjpu jbnfheojomhsi

abrahfhi kbnis ebautughn pb`hyhnhn

pbnkuh`hn ebt pbnujphnf EH.

]ukuhn mitbrhpehnnyh Q]\ hmh`hg hfhr

pb`hyhnhn thjahghn ahfi pbnujphnf

EH mbnfhn jbjpbrahnyhe lghnnb`

rbsbrvhsi mhn piìghn lhrh pbjahyhrhn5

jbnfheojomhsi vhrihsi piìghn

jhnhkbjbn thrid5 sistbj intbfrhsi

mhn mhthahsb untue jbninfehtehn

pb`hyhnhn mhn rbtbnsi pb`hnffhn S]

EHI5 jbninfehtehn sistbj ebhjhnhntbrghmhp lhò ebt5 mhn jbninfehtehn

bdbeths mhn bsibnsi mh`hj

pbnfbò`hhn sistbj lebnf.

\uìstyo Vijao Ghrmkito ahnffh ehrbnh

shht ini jhsyhrheht baig jbnfuthjhehn

EH sbahfhi shrhnh trhnsporthsi. Eh`hu

muù orhnf baig jbjiìg jbnffunhehn

ebnmhrhhn trhvb` , sbpbr Liphfhn,

miahnminfehn EH, jheh eini orhnf

sumhg `baig jbjiìg EH miahnminfehn

mbnfhn ebnmhrhhn trhvb`.

‚\behrhnf, sbhp ghri Kujht, EH sb`hù

pbnug. Itu abrhr orhnf `baig jbjiìg

trhnsporthsi EH. Jbseipun thrid jhgh`,

orhnf `baig jbnffunhehn EH sbaha

kbnis trhnsporthsi ini tbrginmhr mhri

ebjhlbthn,‚ ukhr \uìstyo sujrinfhg.

S] EHI abrghsi` jbrhig `hah yhnf

lueup sifniehn phmh 1339 mhn tbrus

jbninfeht phmh 1381. Shmh 1381, `hah

S] EHI jbnlhphi Qp <72,7 jiìhr mbnfhn

pbnmhphthn sbeithr Qp 4,94 triìun.

‚Shmh thgun 138< ehji hehn abruphyhjbnmhphtehn `hah `baig abshr `hfi,‚

kb`hs \uìstyo.

Hmh eishg jbnhrie mi ahìe jbninfehtnyh

`hah sbkhe 1339. ]brnyhth, nhienyh `hah

tbrsbaut tbrkhmi, jbnurut \uìstyo,

sbtb`hg S] EHI jbnhieehn fhki sbùrug

ehryhwhnnyh. ‚Muù, phmh whetu fhki

rbnmhg, eith jh`hg rufi. ]brnyhth,

ebeh fhki minhieehn sbkhe thgun 1339,




einbrkh promueviths ehryhwhn EHI

jhein nffi yhnf abrmhjphe phmh

jbninfehtnyh `hah S] EHI.‚

S] EHI tbrus abrtbehm untue jbjabriehn

ebnyhjhnhn ahfi pb`hnffhn mbnfhn

jbnybmihehn dhsiìths HL ebphmh

sbùrug hrjhmh ebrbth hpi. Sbnffunhebrbth hpi abtu`-abtu` mijhnkhehn.

‐Sbnujphnf EH mhe ao`bg

abrmbshe-mbshehn `hfi, jbrbeh ghrus

jbnmhphtehn tbjpht mumue. ]oi`bt

sb`hù abrsig mhn tbrsbmih hir sbrth

mhe hmh hfi pbnfhjbn mhn pbmhfhnf

hsonfhn abrebìhrhn mi EH,‚ tbfhs mih,

‐Khmi, mi Inmonbsih sbùrug EH, ahie

khrhe khug jhupun khrhe mbeht, sumhg

abr-HL.‚

\hht ini, pbnffunhhn EH jhsig `baigahnyhe mi Su`hu Khwh mhn \ujhtbrh.

]bntunyh mighrhpehn pbjahnfunhn

EH ini mhpht kufh tbrkhmi mi mhbrhg

`hinnyh. Ehrbnh itu, hmh`hg tufhs

pbjbrinthg, mh`hj gh` ini mbphrtbjbn

pbrguaunfhn, untue jbnybmihehn

shrhnh mhn prhshrhnh EH hfhr aish kufh

abropbrhsi mi mhbrhg hin.

‚Hphai`h pbjbrinthg tb`hg

jbjpbrsihpehn itu sbjuh, jheh S]

EHI hehn jbnybmihehn òeojodnyh

hfhr aish hnfsunf abropbrhsi mi tbjpht

tbrsbaut,‚ phphrnyh.

Sbrigh` jhsig hmhnyh sbeithr fh riau

ìnthshn EH yhnf mhe mikhfh, \uìstyo

jbnbfhsehn ahgwh ìnthshn EH

hmh`hg urushn pbjbrinthg. Mbjiehn

gh`nyh mbnfhn trhle rhi` . S] EHI ghnyhabrurushn mbnfhn òeojod.

\bjinffu sbtb`hg pbnbrhphn

b-lebnf, S] EHI sbjpht jbrufi ginffh

Qp < jiìhr ehrbnh gi`hnfnyh 633 riau

ebt sinf`b trip. Rntue jbnfhnsiphsi

hfhr gh` itu mhe tbrkhmi `hfi jheh S]

EHI sbfbrh jb`heuehn pbruahghn.

‚Eh`hu muù ehrtu mierbhsiehn sbjbnhrie

junfein jheh sbehrhnf ehrtu miauht

sbmbrghnh ( p`hin) mbnfhn whrnh pug

shkh. Ehrtu mbnfhn thjpi`hn jbnhrieitu tbrnyhth jbjauht ahnyhe orhnf

jbnfo`besinyh. \bmhnfehn, ehrtu

sbmbrghnh mbnfhn whrnh pug sbpbr

sbehrhnf ini thjpi`hnnyh eurhnf

jbnhrie sbginffh mhe hmh orhnf yhnf

jbnfhjai` mhn jbnfo`besinyh. \hht

ini ehji mhe hmh `hfi ebgi`hnfhn ehrtu

(b-lebnf),‚ kb`hs mih.

Jbnurut \uìstyo, munih EH mi

Inmonbsih jbruphehn ghsi` eojainhsi

mbnfhn jbnlontog ababrhph nbfhrh.

Jish`nyh, untue pb`hyhnhn jbnlontog

Hsih ]ijur, untue sifnh`ìnf (sistbj

sinyh`) jbnlontog Broph, untue jbsin

òeojod jbnlontog Hjbrieh, mhn

untue rb` jbnlontog Kbphnf.

Eb mbphn, junfeinehg Inmonbsih

jbnffunhehn EH abreblbphthn nffi?\uìstyo jbnkhwha EH abreblbphthn

nffi shnfht jhgh` ahfi Inmonbsih.

\b`hin jbjautugehn tbenoòfi EH

jombrn yhnf tbrfoònf jhgh`, aumhyh

kufh turut mipbrghehn. @istrie pun mhe

ao`bg shjphi ayhrprbt sbhp shht.

Jijpi \uìstyo eb mbphn munih EH,

sbpbr mi Khwh, mh`hj whetu mbeht ini

jbjhehi mouab` trhle hfhr ehphsiths

sbjhein jbninfeht.

‐Eith infin EH jbnkhmi piìghn yhnf`hyhe ahfi jhsyhrheht, prhes mhn

mhe tbrkbahe jhlbt. Ehrbnh itu,

autug ebsbriushn mhn sinbrfi, ahie

mhri pighe S] EHI jhupun pbjbrinthg

untue abrshjh-shjh abreojitjbn

jbjhkuehn trhnsporthsi EH mi

Inmonbsih.‚

(TIL]OQ/IHN)




Mberijinhìshsi Sbnyh`hg

Funh Nhreotieh mh`hj

Eonstruesi Gueuj

Sositid Mi Inmonbsih

O`bg ; Eojkbn. So`. Hnhnf Isehnmhr

Mberijinhìshsi pbnyh`hg funh nhreoeh jbruphehn jomb`

pbnfgueujhn non erijinh` sbahfhi sh`hg shtu eontruesi

gueuj jombrn, yhnf abrtukuhn jbnbehn mbjhnm rbmulon

mh`hj rhnfeh jbnfurhnfi supp`y nhreoeh i``bfh`, mhn

abrmhjphe phmh pbnyb`bshihn pbrjhsh`hghn nhreoeh miInmonbsih.

Jbnurut Rnmhnf Rnmhnf (RR) Nojor <2 ]hgun 1339

]bnthnf Nhreoeh, pblhnmu nhreoeh whkia mirbghaiìthsi,

sbmhnfehn pblhnmu hmh`hg orhnf yhnf jbnffunhehn hthu

jbnyh`hgfunhehn nhreoeh mh`hj ebhmhhn ebtbrfhntunfhn

ahie sblhrh sie jhupun psieis, abrmhshrehn \urht Bmhrhn

Jhgehjhg Hfunf (JH) No. = ]hgun 1383, tbnthnf

pbnbjphthn pbnyh`hg funh, eorahn pbnyh`hg funh mhn

pblhnmu nhreoeh mitbjphtehn eb mh`hj bjahfh rbghaiìthsi

jbmis mhn sosih`. Ini abrhr jbnbjphtehn pbnyh`hg funh

nhreoeh sbahfhi eorahn ebkhghthn nhreoeh.

Eorahn ebkhghthn yhnf abrsidht hmiesi jbjautugehn

pbr`heuhn egusus, hfhr jbrbeh jbnmhphtehn pbrhwhthn

mhn pbrìnmunfhn sbginffh mhpht ebjahì jbnkhmi whrfh

nbfhrh yhnf jhjpu abrpbrhn mh`hj ebgimuphn abrahnfsh

mhn abrnbfhrh.

Rntue jbnhnffu`hnfi abnlhnh nhreoah, mipbrùehn

strhtbfi sblhrh intbfrh` mhri guù shjphi eb giìr, mijhnh

mberijinhìshsi tbrghmhp pbnyh`hg funh mhn pblhnmu

nhreoeh hmh`hg jomb` jbnbehn mbjhnm rbmulon

sbginffh mhpht jbnfurhnfi supp`y nhreoeh i``bfh` . Eonsbp

ini kufh jbjiìei mhjphe beonojis tbrghmhp pbnhnfhnhn

jhsh`hg nhreoeh.

Mh`hj \imhnf SAA mi Nbw Yore, ]hnffh` <3 Jhrbt 8948,

jbnfghsièhn \inf`b Lonvbnon Nhrlol Mrufs 8948 mhn

sb`hnkutnyh mh`hj simhnf SAA mi Tibnnh thgun 8961, eonvbnsi

ini miuahg mbnfhn Srotoeo` 8968. Shmh eonvbnsi ini sbhp

nbfhrh mighrusehn untue jbnlbfhg mhn jbrbghaiìthsi

pbnyh`hgfunhhn nhreoeh mbnfhn lhrh jbjabriehn bmuehsi,

pbrhwhthn, rbghaiìthsi mhn rb intbfrhsi sosih`.

\bmhnfehn mh`hj \imhnf SAA ]hgun 8977 mi Tibnnh,

jbnybpheh ahgwh pbnyh`hg funh miabriehn shnesi h`tbrnhd

sb`hin pimhnh pbnkhrh. \hnesi h`tbrnhd tbrsbaut mhpht abruph

pbrhwhthn, bmuehsi, rbghaiìthsi, mhn rb-intbfrhsi sosih`.

Hmhpun mh`hj simhnf SAA thgun 8997 RNFH\\, mi Tibnnh,

sbahfhi bvhùhsi tbrghmhp eonvbnsi Tibnnh thgun 8977, yhnf

jbnfghsièhn mbe`hrhsi poìe tbnthnf pbnhnffu`hnfhnabnlhnh nhreoeh mbnfhn pbnmbehthn sbijahnf hnthrh

pbnmbehthn gueuj mhn pbnmbehthn ebsbghthn.

\bùrug eonvbnsi Intbrnhsionh` tbrsbaut tb`hg mirhehsi

jb`hùi RR Nhreoeh No. 9 thgun 8964, ebjumihn

misbjpurnhehn jbnkhmi RR No. 11 ]hgun 8996 sb`hnkutnyh

miuahg jbnkhmi RR No. <2 ]hgun 1339 yhnf shht ini abr`heu,

mijhnh jbjposisiehn pbnyh`hg funh sbahfhi eorahn yhnf

pbrù jbnmhphtehn pbrhwhthn.

Mh`hj RR No. <2 ]hgun 1339 ]bnthnf Nhreoeh, sh`hg shtu

tukuhnnyh yhnf tbrlhntuj mh`hj phsh` (=) hmh`hg jbnkhjin

pbnfhturhn uphyh rbghaiìthsi jbmis mhn rbghaiìthsi sosih`

ahfi pbnyh`hg funh mhn pblhnmu nhreoeh. Nhjun dhethmi `hphnfhn, phrh pbnyh`hg funh mhn pblhnmu nhreoeh

mikhtugi gueujhn pbnkhrh mhn jbnmbehj mi @bjahfh

Sbrjhsyhrehthn.

Abrmhshrhehn pbnbìhn tbnthnf mberijinhìshsi pbnyh`hg

funh nhreoeh yhnf mi`heuehn fh orhnf pbnbì mi

Sortufh` 5 Dhjh ]rifubros, Shu`h Tiltorih Mhn @ulih Mihz,

jbnyijpuèhn eorahn pbnyh`hgfunhhn nhreoah ‐`baig ahie

mitbrhpi mhri phmh migueuj‚. Ebjumihn F`bnn Frbbnwh`m,

whrfh nbfhrh Hjbrieh yhnf jb`heuehn pbnbìhn tbnthnf

mberijinhìshsi mi Sortufh`, thgun 1339 jbnyijpuèhn,

ahgwh jbrbeh yhnf tbrkbrht ehsus jbjiìei mhn jbnffunhehn

nhreoeh mhe miehitehn mbnfhn pbrhmi`hn erijinh`, sbkhe

mi`heuehn mberijinhìshsi hnfeh pbnyh`hg funh jbnfh`hji

pbnurunhn, mbnfhn mberijinhìshsi pbjbrinthg jbnmoronf

phrh pblhnmu/pbnyh`hg funh untue jbjabrmhyhehn mirinyh

jb`hùi pbrhwhthn hthu rbghaiìthsi.

Kusn A. \ghpiro, yhnf kufh jb`heuehn pbnbìhn thgun 1383

mi Jbesieo, abrebsijpu`hn, ‐jbnuntut phrh pbnyh`hg funh

mhn pblhnmu nhreoeh hehn jbnfghjaur “ ghjaurehn

sujabr mhyh pbnbfhehn gueuj, sbrth jbnmoronf jau`nyh

AHMHN NHQEO]IEH NH\IONH@





eorupsi ahfi pbnbfhe gueuj‚.

Sb`heshnhhn mberijinhìshsi pbnyh`hg funh nhreoeh tb`hgmi`heuehn o`bg ababrhph nbfhrh mbnfhn abrahfhi vhrihsimberijinhìshsi ;

Mi Ab`hnmh, ebpbjiìehn sbjuh kbnis nhreoeh hmh`hgpb`hnffhrhn, tbthpi ebpbjiìehn mbnfhn kuj`hg ebli`

untue ebpbnnfhn priahmi ghnyh jbruphehn pb`hnffhrhnrinfhn. Sbnyh`hgfunhhn nhreoeh untue priahmi, mito`bìrpbnffunhhnnyh o`bg pbnbfhe gueuj. Mberijinhìshsijomb` Ab`hnmh ini abrmhjphe phmh jbnurunnyh pbnffunhnhreoeh pbju`h, mhn jbnurunnyh pbnffunhhn ghrm mruf.

Mi Sortufh`, mberijinhìshsi pbnyh`hg funh nhreoeh mihturmh`hj RR Nhreoeh Sortufh` phsh` 1 (8), pbjabìhn,ebpbjiìehn mhn pbnffunhhn nhreoeh untue ebpbnnfhnpriahmi sb`hjh 83 ghri jbruphehn pb`hnffhrhn hmjinistrhsi,hphai`h ebpbjiìehnnyh jb`baigi ahths pbjhehihn sb`hjh 83ghri jheh sblhrh gueuj pbjiìe nhreoeh hmh`hg pbnfbmhr.Nhjun abfitu pbnyh`hgfunhhn nhreoeh tbthp mi`hrhnf.Mhjphe mhri mberijinhìshsi mi Sortufh` hmh`hg pbnurunhn

hnfeh pbnffunhhn nhreoeh usih promued, pbnurunhnebtbrthriehn pbnffunhhn nhreoeh, pbrbmhrhn nhreoehjbnurun sbrth pbnfimhp GIT, gbphs, ebjhhn yhnfmiheiahtehn o`bg pbnffunhhn nhreoeh jbnurun mrhss.

\bmhnfehn mi nbfhrh ahfihn Nbw \outg Vh`bs abntuemberijinhìshsi jbruphehn profrhj Soìsi. Jb`hùi mivbrsiSoìsi mhpht jbnhwhrehn ebphmh yhnf mithnfehp hthspb`hnffhrhn nhreoeh untue jbnkh`hni profrhj rbghaiìthsi.Ahfi jbrbeh yhnf miebthgui jbjiìei hthu jbnffunhehnnhreoeh untue ebpbnnfhn priahmi mhpht jbnkh`hni mivbrsinhreoeh. Mhjphenyh pbnurunhn nfeht pbnffunhhnlhnnhais mhn aihyh pbnbfhehn gueuj jbnurun.

\hht ini sbeithr 1<.669 whrfh ainhhn pbjhsyhrhehthn

jbruphehn pbnyh`hg funh nhreoeh yhnf jbnkh`hnigueujhn pimhnh mi hphs. Gh` ini tbrkhmi heiaht pbnyh`hg funhnhreoeh miputus gueujhn pimhnh, sbghrusnyh gueujhnrbghaiìthsi yhnf phnths ahfi pbnyh`hg funh nhreoeh. Gh`tbrsbaut tbrkhmi ehrbnh eonstruesi tuntuthn Sbnuntut Rjuj,jbnuntut pbnyh`hg funh mipimhnh.

Dheth yhnf junlu` mi Sbrsimhnfhn sbrinf tbrkhmi pbrabmhhntuntuthn Sbnuntut Rjuj mbnfhn ebtbrhnfhn tbrmhewh,mijhnh Sbnuntut Rjuj jbnuntut ahgwh unsur jbjahwh,jbnfuhshi mhn jbjiìei nhreoeh mbnfhn kuj`hg yhnfshnfht tbrahths, (mi ahwhg ebtbntuhn \urht Bmhrhn JH No.=/1383, yhitu eonmisi tbrthnfehp thnfhn mbnfhn ahrhnf auemiahwhg 8 frhj untue shau, 7 aur untue besthsi mhn 2 frhjuntue fhnkh, yhnf jbruphehn ebautughn shtu ghri) mbnfhnhnlhjhn pimhnh phsh` pbnfbmhr. \bmhnfehn ebtbrhnfhntbrmhewh jbnyhthehn ahgwh yhnf abrshnfeuthn ghnyhjbnffunhehn. H`hshn pbnuntut ujuj ehrbnh jbjbmojhniabrehs pbrehrh yhnf sumhg tbreonstruesi phsh` jbjahwh,jbnfuhshi, jbjiìei yhnf mipbruntueehn ahfi pbnfbmhr.

Gh` ini tbrkhmi ehrbnh pbnbfhe gueuj jbnfintbrprbthsiehnahgwh jbjiìei, jbnfuhshi, jbjahwh nhreoeh mi ahwhgebtbntuhn surht bmhrhn JH, mhpht mieonstruesi mh`hjphsh` sbahfhi pbnfbmhr, sbginffh shnfht khrhnf phsh`pbnyh`hg funh abrmiri sbnmiri. Mi sisi `hin pbnbfhe gueujyhnf jbnhnfhni ehsus pbnyh`hg funh nhreoeh khrhnf

jb`heuehn `hnfehg “ `hnfehg pbjbrieshhn sblhrh jbmis mhnpsieis untue jbnbntuehn sborhnf yhnf mithnfehp sbahfhipbnyh`hg funh hthu pbnfbmhr, sbrth mhe pbrnhg jb`heuehnpbjbrieshhn tbrghmhp nfehthn eblhnmuhn mhn rbnlhnhtbrhpi rbghaiìthsinyh, sbginffh Gheij jbrhsh suìt mh`hjjbjutusehn nmhehn abruph rbghaiìthsi.

Dhetor eontbestuh` `hinnyh yhnf jbjpbnfhrugi abùjabrkh`hnnyh mberijin`hishsi, misbahaehn phrh pbnbfhegueuj yhnf egusus jbnhnfhni pbrjhsh`hghn pbnyh`hg funhnhreoeh eurhnf mhpht jbjhghji ‐rog‚ RR No. <2 thgun1339 ]bnthnf Nhreoeh, mijhnh mh`hj phsh` = jbnybautehn; jbnkhjin pbnfhturhn rbghaiìthsi jbmis mhn rbghaiìthsisosih` ahfi pbnyh`hg funh mhn pblhnmu nhreoeh.

Khjinhn rbghaiìthsi jbmis mhn sosih` ahfi pbnyh`hg funhmhn pblhnmu nhreoeh ini`hg rog-nyh, mijhnh yhnf aishjbnfgimupehn rog RR tbrsbaut hmh`hg pbnbfhe gueujsbnmiri.

Ehrbnh Inmonbsih tb`hg jbrhehsi eonvbnsi SAA ghsi`simhnf thgun 8997, mijhnh phrh pbnyh`hg funh miabriehn

h`tbrnhd abruph rbghaiìthsi, jheh Rnmhnf - RnmhnfNhreoeh eith jbnfhtur moua`b trhle systbj pbjimhnhhn,yhitu Gheij mhpht jbjutusehn gueujhn pimhnh pbnkhrhmhn mhpht jbjutusehn nmhehn rbghaiìthsi ahfi pbnyh`hgfunh nhreoeh. Itu`hg sbahanyh Gheij jbjpunyhi pbrhnyhnf shnfht pbnnf yhnf miabriehn RR untue jb`heuehnmberijinhìshsi.

Ebrhnfeh gueuj mberijinhìshsi mh`hj gueuj posid miInmonbsih tbrjhetua sblhrh ìjithd mh`hj RR nhjun abùjmhpht miopbrhsionhèhn, ehrbnh abùj hmh jbehnisjbgueuj yhnf jbjabmhehn sblhrh opbrhsionh` e`hsiehsipblhnmu nhreoeh. Ijp`bjbnthsi mberijinhìshsi pbnyh`hgfunh nhreoeh mi Inmonbsih jhsig tbrebnmh`h o`bg hmhnyhpbrabmhhn pbnhdsirhn gueuj, tbnthnf unsur ‐thnph ghe

hthu jb`hwhn gueuj‚, aumhyh gueuj, pbjhghjhn tbnthnftukuhn RR Nhreoeh No. <2 thgun 1339 tbrghmhp pbnyh`hgfunh nhreoeh, sbginffh pbnyh`hg funh mieonstruesi mbnfhnphsh` miùhr phsh` pbnffunh (phsh` 816) yhnf abroribnthsiphmh auehn nmhehn rbghaiìthsi.

Mh`hj rhnfeh jbjdunfsionhìshsiehn pb`heshnhhnmberijinhìshsi pbnyh`hg funh nhreoeh mi Inmonbsih, mbjijbwukumehn Inmonbsih Nbfbri Abahs Nhreoah, mishrhnehnmiabntue jbehnisjb gueuj abruph j ebli` yhnf abrhmhmi hp “ hp ehauphtbn/eoth, mhn provinsi sbrth nfehtpusht yhnf abrhnffothehn Ebjbntbrihn Gueuj mhn GHJ,Ebjbntbrihn Ebsbghthn, Ebjbntbrihn \osih` mhn EoorminhtorMruf Lontro` Soìly, mbnfhn tufhs mhn ebwbnhnfhn

jbnbntuehn pbrhn tbrshnfeh yhnf tbrthnfehp thnfhn hthspbrjinthhn pbnyimie So`ri mhn ANN, jbnbntuehn eritbrihpblhnmu sbsuhi mbnfhn kbnis ehnmunfhn yhnf mieonsujsi,eonmisi ebeh mithnfehp mhn tbjpht jbnfeonsujsi sbrtheonmisi situhsi beonoji, jbnbntuehn rbnlhnh tbrhpi mhn

khnfeh whetu pbnyh`hg funh mirbghaiìthsi, yhnf mhphtmifunhehn sbahfhi ebtbrhnfhn hgì mh`hj abrehs pbrehrh. *

Sbnuìs hmh`hg Ebph`h Ahmhn Nhreoeh Nhsionh`Qbpuaìe Inmonbsih.





SQODB\OQ

Sbrkh`hnhn Ehribr

\hnf Furu Abshr

Srod. Mr. Bjhn \uphrjhn, \G. JG.Ebtuh Aimhnf Sbnfhwhshn Gheij mhn Invbstifhsi Eojisi Yumisih`

Srih yhnf miebnh` mbnfhn shphhn herha Srod Bjhn ini mi`hgirehn

mi Ehauphtbn Euninfhn, Khwh Ahrht, 1< Hpri` 8929. Mh`hj

ebsbghrihnnyh, Srod Bjhn miebnh` sbahfhi orhnf yhnf sbmbrghnh.





Srod Bjhn jbnfhwhì ehrir

phmh 897< sbahfhi mosbn

mi Rnivbrsiths Shmkhkhrhn

(Rnphm) Ahnmunf, mbnfhn

sthtus pbfhwhi nbfbri. Ih jbnfhkhr

Gueuj Sbrsbìsighn, Gueuj Hlhrh

Sbrmhth, Ebjhgirhn Gueuj II SbrehrhSbrmhth mhn Sbnfhnthr I`ju Gueuj.

Ih jbnyb`bshiehn stumi \-8 mi Dheu`ths

Gueuj Rnphm phmh thgun 8971,

sb`hnkutnyh jbnyb`bshiehn Jhfistbr

Gueuj (\-1) mi Dheu`ths Shslhshrkhnh

Rnivbrsiths Fhkhg Jhmh (RFJ )

phmh thgun 8977. Moetor Gueuj

(\-<) mih pbro`bg mi Rnivbrsiths

Miponbforo phmh thgun133=.

Kbnkhnf tbrnffi mi mh`hj munih

hehmbjisi sbahfhi furu abshr Rnmip

mirhignyh phmh 1339. Srhes ebeh

jbnbeuni munih hehmbjisi sbahfhi

mosbn mi Rnphm, Srod Bjhn mhe

abfitu miebnh` ùhs o`bg jhsyhrheht

Inmonbsih.

Srod Bjhn ahru junlu` eb ruhnf

puaìe mhn miebnh` jhsyhrheht ùhs

ebeh mirinyh jbnkhaht sbahfhi

Ebtuh Eojisi Yumisih` (EY) phrug

pbrthjh phmh pbriomb 1383-1382.

Shmh hwh` jbnkhaht Ebtuh EY, Srod

Bjhn jbìght ahgwh hehr ju`h gheij

jb`heuehn prhee suhp mipbnfhrugi

nfeht ebsbkhgtbrhhn gheij yhnf

hmh mi Inmonbsih. O`bg ehrbnh itu, mih

abrsieueug untue jbnmoronf suphyh

nbfhrh jb`hùi pbjbrinthg jbnhieehn

fhki mhn tunkhnfhn gheij mbnfhn

ghrhphn ebeh nfeht ebsbkhgtbrhhn

gheij sumhg nhie, prhee suhp

mhn abrjhin ehsus yhnf mi`heuehngheij hehn abrgbn. Nhjun yhnf

misbshèhn Srod Bjhn, sbtb`hg fhki

mhn tunkhnfhn gheij nhie, prhee

suhp yhnf mi`heuehn o`bg gheij

mhe abreurhnf sblhrh sifniehn.

Srod Bjhn jbnfinfhtehn, pbkhaht

nbfhrh ghrus aish jbnhghn miri mhri

‐fomhhn‚, suphyh mhe tbrkbahe

mbnfhn ebinfinhn mhn ‐pbrjhinhn‚ si

pbnffomh. Mih sbrinf mithwhri abrahfhi

ijinf-ijinf muit, joai` mhn jhtbri

`hinnyh. ]hpi, mih tbthp abrsieueug mhe

jhu jbnkuh` intbfriths mhn wiahwhnyh

mbnfhn thwhrhn jhtbri sbpbr itu.

Sbnfheuhn Srod Bjhn, mih pbrnhg

mimbeh o`bg Aunmh Sutri yhnf hegir-

hegir ini rhjhi misbaut-sbaut jbmihsbahfhi jheb`hr proybe mi ìnfeunfhn

pbkhaht. Hwh`nyh Srod Bjhn mhe

thgu ahgwh Aunmh Sutri itu hmh`hg

orhnf yhnf pbrnhg jbnb`bpon mih

untue jbjahntu eb`hnlhrhn sbauhg

ehsus. Mih ahru jbnfbthgui aunmh

putri hmh`hg orhnf yhnf pbrnhg

jbnmbeh mih mbnfhn ijinf-ijinf

jhtbri mhn muit, sbtb`hg nhjh Aunmh

Sutri rhjhi misbaut mi jbmih o`bg

ehrbnh ebtbrehithnnyh mbnfhn ehsus

euoth mhfinf ijpor yhnf jbnybrbt

nhjh @ui Ghshn Isghq jhnthn

Srbsimbn Shrthi Ebhmi`hn \bkhgtbrh

sbahfhi tbrshnfeh o`bg Eojisi

Sbjabrhnthshn Eorupsi (ESE).

Hph pun lbrithnyh, mih mhe hehn

jhu jbnkuh` nhjh ahie ebùhrfh

mhn ehjpus mijhnh mih jbnfhkhr

ghnyh ehrbnh ijinf-ijinf jhtbri.

Ahfinyh. intbfriths mhn nhjh

ahie mhe sbahnminf mbnfhn ni`hi

jhtbri sbahnyhe hph pun.

Shmh hwh` jbnkhaht

Ebtuh EY, Srod Bjhn

jbìght ahgwh hehr

ju`h gheij jb`heuehn

prhetie suhp mipbnfhrugitinfeht ebsbkhgtbrhhn

gheij yhnf hmh mi

Inmonbsih. O`bg ehrbnh

itu, mih abrsieueug

untue jbnmoronf

suphyh nbfhrh jb`hùi

pbjbrinthg jbnhieehn

fhki mhn tunkhnfhn gheij

mbnfhn ghrhphn ebtieh

tinfeht ebsbkhgtbrhhn

gheij sumhg nhie, prhetie

suhp mhn abrjhin ehsus

yhnf mi`heuehn gheij

hehn abrgbnti.




SQODB\OQ

Eojisi Yumisih` \bahfhi

Sbnkhfh Jhrwhg Gheij

EY abrhnfeht mhri sbauhg fhfhshn

pbrùnyh `bjahfh egusus yhnf

jbjpunyhi dunfsi-dunfsi tbrtbntu

mh`hj rhnhg ebeuhshhn ebgheijhn.Fhfhshn tbrsbaut sbabnhrnyh sumhg

miahghs mi Qhnlhnfhn Rnmhnf Rnmhnf

]bnthnf Ebtbntuhn-Ebtbntuhn Soeoe

Ebeuhshhn Ebgheijhn ]hgun 8947.

Nhjun fhfhshn tbrsbaut mhe abrghsi`

mijhsueehn jbnkhmi juhthn jhtbri

mh`hj Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor 8=

]hgun 8963 tbnthnf Ebtbntuhn-

Ebtbntuhn Soeoe Ebeuhshhn Ebgheijhn.

Jbjhsuei brh rbdorjhsi yhnf mithnmhi

mbnfhn khtugnyh ebeuhshhn \obghrto

phmh thgun 8997, tuntuthn jbehnisjb

lgble hnm ah`hnlbs mh`hj jbnkh`hnehn

ebeuhshhn nbfhrh sbjhein jbnfuht.

Ebjumihn jbehnisjb lgble hnm

ah`hnlbs ini miheojomir mh`hj

Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor <2 ]hgun

8999 tbnthnf Sbruahghn Hths Rnmhnf

Rnmhnf Nojor 8= ]hgun 8963 tbnthnf

Ebtbntuhn-Ebtbntuhn Soeoe Ebeuhshhn

Ebgheijhn.

Ahfihn pbnkb`hshn ujuj phmh

unmhnf-unmhnf ini jbnybautehn

ahgwh untue jbninfehtehn lgble

hnm ah`hnlbs tbrghmhp `bjahfh

pbrhmi`hn hnthrh `hin pbrù miushghehn

hfhr putushn-putushn pbnfhmi`hn

mhpht miebthgui sblhrh tbraueh mhn

trhnsphrhn o`bg jhsyhrheht. \b`hin itu,pbrù miabntue Mbwhn Ebgorjhthn

Gheij yhnf abrwbnhnf jbnfhwhsi

pbri`heu gheij, jbjabriehn

rbeojbnmhsi jbnfbnhi pbrberuthn,

projosi, mhn juthsi gheij sbrth

jbnyusun eomb be ahfi phrh gheij.

Sbjabntuehn `bjahfh egusus mh`hj

rhnfeh jbninfehtehn lgble hnm

ah`hnlbs mirbspons shnfht sbrius o`bg

phrh `bfis`htor eith mi MSQ jb`hùi

hjhnmbjbn ebfh Rnmhnf Rnmhnf

Mhshr (RRM) 89=2 phmh thgun 1338

misbpheh tbnthnf pbjabntuehn EY.

Ebtbntuhn jbnfbnhi EY mihtur mh`hj

Shsh` 1=A Hjhnmbjbn RRM 89=2.

Mh`hj rhnfeh jbnfopbrhsionhèhn EY,

miabntue Rnmhnf Rnmhnf Nojor 11

]hgun 133= tbnthnf EY yhnf mishgehn

mi Khehrth phmh 8< Hfustus 133=.

Rnmhnf Rnmhnf ini`hg yhnf ebjumihn

jbnkhmi phyunf gueuj hwh` EY mh`hj

jb`heshnhhn pbnfhwhshn gheij-

gheij mi Inmonbsih. \hjphi phmh

hegirnyh, suhtu `hnfehg jhku mh`hj

gh` jbehnisjb lgble hnm ah`hnlbs

jbnkhmi abrkh`hn junmur ebab`hehnf.

Gh` pbnfhwhshn yhnf jbnkhmi

ebwbnhnfhn EY miahthèhn o`bg JE.

JE jbjutusehn jbnbrijh sbahfihn

pbrjogonhn uki jhtbrih` tbrghmhp

Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf EY yhnf mihkuehn

o`bg <8 Gheij Hfunf (1< Hfustus

1334). Hrnyh, pbnfhwhshn tbrghmhp

Gheij Hfunf mhn Gheij Eonstusi

miputusehn o`bg JE yhnf phmh shht itu

miebtuhi Kij`y Hssgimmiqib minyhthehn

abrtbnthnfhn mbnfhn eonstusi.

Mbnfhn miputusehnnyh ebabrhmhhn RR

No. 11 ]hgun 133= inseonstusionh`

o`bg sbjai`hn gheij eonstusi mbnfhn

suhrh au`ht thnphmissbnnf opinion hthu

pbrabmhhn pbnmhpht mh`hj putushn

Nojor 332/SRR-IT/1334, jb`hùi

Ebtuh JE shht itu, Kij`y Hssimmiqib,

jbrbeojbnmhsiehn ebphmh MSQ mhn

Srbsimbn untue sbfbrh jbnfhjai`

`hnfehg-`hnfehg pbnybjpurnhhn

Rnmhnf Rnmhnf tbnthnf Eojisi Yumisih`.

Shmh 9 Novbjabr 1388, hegirnyh

Srbsimbn \usiò Ahjahnf Yumgoyono




jbnfbshgehn Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor

87 ]hgun 1388 ]bnthnf Sbruahghn Hths

Rnmhnf-Rnmhnf Nojor 11 ]hgun 133=

]bnthnf EY, untue mikhmiehn sbahfhi

phyunf gueuj mhri ebabrhmhhn EY.

Ebhmhhn pbnfhwhshn ini ebjumihnjbnijauèhn prbsbmbn aurue auehn

ghnyh ‐jbnhjphr‚ pbnbfhehn

gueuj mi Inmonbsih, ahgehn sistbj

ebththnbfhrhhn yhnf abr`heu mi

Inmonbsih pun sbpbr jbnmhphtehn

funlhnfhn ebrhs. Abthph mhe, JE

yhnf ebwbnhnfhnnyh miabriehn

o`bg eonstusi sbahfhi fuhrmihn

lonstuonh` hthu pbnkhfh eonstusi,

kustru Ebtuh JE-nyh phmh shht itu

Hei` Jolgthr tbrthnfehp thnfhn o`bg

ESE mh`hj mufhhn ehsus suhp hths

pbnyb`bshihn sbkuj`hg sbnfebth

pbjiùehmh mi abrahfhi mhbrhg.

Srod Brjhn \uphrjhn, Ebtuh EY 1383-

1382 phrug pbrthjh, yhnf ebjumihn

abrfhn posisi jbnkhmi Ebtuh Aimhnf

Sbnfhwhshn Gheij mhn Invbsfhsi

jbnfhthehn, ahgwh sbauhg `bjahfh

nffi nbfhrh yhnf mhe jbjpunyhi

hthshn mhn ahwhghn, abrmiri sbnmiri

thnph pbnfhwhshn, shnfht abrpotbnsi

untue jb`heuehn prhetbe bausb od

powbr hthu pbnyh`hgfunhhn ebeuhshhn.

‚Ebsh`hghn mhe aish mitujphgehn

sbpbnugnyh tbrghmhp Hei` Jolgthr

ehrbnh jbnkhmi pijpinhn tbrnffi

mhri sbauhg `bjahfh nffi nbfhrh

shnfht mbeht mbnfhn 'fomhhn' yhnfhegirnyh jb`heuehn pbnyh`hgfunhhn

ebeuhshhn. Itu miehrbnhehn ebhmhhn

jbehnisjb lgble hnm ah`hnlbs

mi tuaug JE,‚ ehth Srod Bjhn.

Mbnfhn ebeuhshhn yhnf abfitu

abshr, mhe hmh suhtu jbehnisjb

pbnfhwhshn yhnf kb`hs, hegirnyh

jbjhehn eorahn mbnfhn tbrthnfehp

thnfhnnyh Ebtuh JE Hei` Jolgthr

o`bg ESE hths mufhhn suhp mh`hj

pbnhnfhnhn ehsus pbnyb`bshihn

sbnfebth pbjiùehmh mi abrahfhi mhbrhg.

Srod Bjhn jbnfheui, mh`hj abrahfhi

ebsbjphthn jbnkhmi pbjailhrh mi

ababrhph sbjinhr mhn miseusi, sb`hù

jbnbehnehn pbnnfnyh jbnkhfh miri

mhn abrintbfriths untue phrh pbkhaht

mi nbfhrh ini mh`hj jbnkh`hnehn tufhs

mhn thnffunf khwhanyh, egususnyh

untue rbehn-rbehn ebrkh mih mi EY.

‚Ahfhijhnh junfein EY jbnfhwhsi

pbri`heu jbnyijphnf gheij-

gheij yhnf hmh mi Inmonbsih,

hphai`h mhe sb`hù jbnkhfh miri

mhn ehmhr intbfrithsnyh miahwhg

orhnf yhnf mihwhsinyh‚, ukhrnyh.

O`bg ehrbnh itu, mih sbnhnhshjbnfinfhtehn rbehn-rbehn sbebrkh-

nyh, ahie itu sbshjh pijpinhn

jhupun ahwhghnnyh suphyh `baig

jbninfehtehn ehmhr intbfriths miri

sbnmiri jb`baigi ehmhr intbfriths gheij-

gheij yhnf mihwhsi untue jbnhnfeh`

‐fomhhn‚ mh`hj jb`heshnhehn tufhs

mhn thnffunf khwha yhnf mibjahn mhri

nbfhrh.

‚Jbnkhfh intbfriths shnfht pbnnf

ehrbnh pbrhnhn EY mh`hj sistbj

ebththnbfhrhhn yhnf abr`heu mi

Inmonbsih hmh`hg sbahfhi pbnkhfh

jhrwhg gheij hfhr ebgorjhthn ehrbnh

gheij jbruphehn sbahfhi abntbnf

tbrhegir mh`hj jbnbfheehn ebhmi`hn mi

jhsyhrheht,‚ thnmhs Srod Bjhn ebphmh

Jhkh`hg IN]BFQI]H\. ●

IHN




Ebjbnporh ghri \bnin (17/83) phfi jbnffb`hr Rphlhrh

Abnmbrh jbjpbrinfh Ghri \ujphg Sbjumh yhnf

eb-72 thgun 138< mi gh`hjhn Ehntor Ebjbntbrihn

Sbjumh mhn O`hgrhfh K`. Fbrahnf Sbjumh No.<

\bnhyhn, Khehrth Susht. Rphlhrh abnmbrh jbjpbrinfh Ghri

\ujphg Sbjumh ehì ini miieu Sbkhaht Bsbòn I mhn II, sbùrug

sthd mhn ehryhwhn mi ìnfeunfhn \berbthriht Ebjbnporh,

@HMI, @HNEOQ, AOSI, \ht`he Srijh, \htuhn Sbnfhjhnhn sbrth

Sbnfurus Mghrjh Vhnith Ebjbnporh.

Sbjainh uphlhrh Ghri \ujphg Sbjumh mipijpin \thd Hgì

Ebjbnporh Aimhnf Indorjhsi mhn Eojuniehsi \hegyhn

Hsjhrh, jbwheiì Jbnporh. Sbrinfhthn G\S eb-72 thgun 138<

jbnfhnfeht tbjh Mbnfhn \ujphg Sbjumh Eith Vukumehn

Sbjumh yhnf \hntun, Lbrmhs, Inspirhd mhn Abrprbsthsi.

Mbnfhn tbjh ini gbnmhenyh pbshn yhnf mishjphiehn yheni

pbjumh Inmonbsih egususnyh pbrù jbyheinehn munih

ahgwh eith hmh`hg fbnbrhsi pbjumh yhnf tbthp jbjbìghrh

ebshntunhnnyh mi tbnfhg abrahfhi pbruahghn ni`hi jorh`

sblhrh fòah` mhpht shjphi eb abnhe sbùrug pbjumh mhn

pbjumi ahnfsh.

Sbrinfhthn G\S thgun 138< ini tbrehnmunf fh sujphg yhitu

abrthnhg hir shtu thnhg hir Inmonbsih, abrahnfsh shtu Ahnfsh

Inmonbsih, jbnkunkunf ahghsh pbrshtuhn Ahghsh Inmonbsih.

Jhenhnyh, nbfhrh eith sumhg kb`hs mhri \hahnf shjphi

Jbrhueb mhri Su`hu Jihnfhs shjpb Su`hu Qotb ahnfsh eith

sumhg kb`hs phmh thgun 89=2 ahnfsh Inmonbsih mimbe`hrhsi

sbahfhi sbauhg nbfhrh, sb`hnkutnyh hmh`hg jbnkunkunf

ahghsh pbrshtuhn Ahghsh Inmonbsih jhenhnyh hmh`hg

ahghsh itu mhe ghnyh ulhphn mhn ehth-ehth thpi mh`hj

ahghsh tbrehnf pbri`heu, pbrauhthn, siehp sbsuhi mh`hj

norjh mhn ni`hi Ahnfsh Inmonbsih, ehth \hegyhn Hsjhrh

mimhjpinfi Ehro Ebuhnfhn mhn Qujhg ]hnffh Ebjbnporh,

Ahjahnf ]rikoeo.

Jbnporh Qbinf mbnfhn Jbjblhgehn Qbeor Munih

\hjhrinmh; Ebkuthn tbrkhmi phmh punlhe pbrinfhthn Ghri

\ujphg Sbjumh mi \thmion Sh`hrhn, \hjhrinmh, Eh`j, ghri

\bnin (17/83) pbthnf. Shmh pbjhshnfhn hthu pbnurunhn

abnmbrh, Jbnporh Qoy \uryo ieut turun hthu rbinf

jbnfhwh` abnmbrh Jbrhg Sug rheshsh, `bahr 63 jbtbr

mhn `bahr <3,= jbtbr mbnfhn ùhs 1.817 jbtbr tbrsbaut kufh

tbrlhtht jbjblhgehn rbeor munih.

Qoy mimhjpinfi hnffoth Dbmbrhsi Shnkht ]bainf Inmonbsih

(DS]I) \hjhrinmh abrghsi` jbnurunehn abnmbrh. Mhri

ebnffihn sbeithr 73 jbtbr, Qoy ieut rbinf turun abrshjh

bnhj hnffoth DS]I \hjhrinmh yhnf abrhmh mi shjpinf

Jbnporh. Suùghn pbjumh pun jbnyhjaut mbnfhn tbpue

thnfhn ebeh shjphi mi e turun.

Rshi ieut rbinf, Qoy jbnfulhpehn tbrijh ehsig ebphmh

tbjhn-tbjhn DS]I \hjhrinmh mhn abreht moh jhsyhrheht

\hjhrinmh mirinyh aish suesbs ieut jbnurunehn abnmbrh

rheshsh yhnf jhsue rbeor munih untue jbjpbrinfh Ghri

\ujphg Sbjumh mi \hjhrinmh. Mih jbnfhkhe pbjumh

Inmonbsih sbfbrh abrabnhg miri untue jbnfghmhpi thnthnfhn

ebmbphn yhnf sh`hg shtunyh hmh`hg fòahìshsi.‚Eh`hu

pbjumh mhe abrabnhg, jheh hehn minmhs o`bg fòahìshsi.

Jhehnyh sumhg shhtnyh eith abrfbrhe untue jbnyonfsonf

833 thgun \ujphg Sbjumh,‚ ehth Qoy \uryo mbnfhn tbfhs.

]hnthnfhn pbjumh ebmbphn, ehth mih, hehn abrabmh

miahnminfehn shht ini. Hph`hfi sbabnthr `hfi hehn

miabr`heuehnnyh H\BHN Lojjunity 1382 yhnf miphsehn

hehn abrpbnfhrug tbrghmhp pbrebjahnfhn pbjumh.

Sbrinfhthn Ghri \ujphg Sbjumh Eb-72


BTBN]




‚Jhehnyh eith ghrus jbjpbrsihpehn miri tbrjhsue

jb`hùi Orfhnishsi Ebpbjumhhn (OES) yhnf hmh shht ini,‚

thjahgnyh.

\bjbnthrh itu Fuabrnur Ehìjhnthn ]ijur Hwhnf Dhrobe

Isghe mh`hj pimhtonyh jbnfhthehn tbrijh ehsig ebphmh

Ebjbnporh yhnf sumhg jbjabriehn ebpbrlhyhhn ebphmh

\hjhrinmh sbahfhi tuhn rujhg pbrinfhthn Ghri \ujphgSbjumh eb 72 thgun ini. Hwhnf abrghrhp jhenh pbrinfhthn

G\S ini abnhr-abnhr aish mitbrhpehn o`bg pbjumh Inmonbsih

yhnf sbehrhnf ini jbjiìei thnthnfhn yhnf lueup ùhr aihsh

mh`hj jbnfghmhpi brh fòahìshsi 1382 nhn.

Sbrinfhthn G\S 138< yhnf punlhenyh mifb`hr mi \thmion

Sh`hrhn Ehìjhthn ]ijur miisi ababrhph ebfihthn ju`hi mhri

Khjaorb Sbjumh Inmonbsih, Jbrhkut Inmonbsih ginffh

monor mhrhg Sbjumh.

\ujabr; Ebjbnporh.fo.im





EON\R@]H\I

AHNI HQAI]QH]ION LBN]BQ

AHNMRNF ODDILB

Fbmunf Vhghnh Ahe Sos (FVAS), `hnthi 2, Aòe H

K`. Ahnmh No.<3, Ahnmunf =3882, Inmonbsih

B-jhi` ; ahniahnmunfCfjhi`.loj

]b`bpon ; +41 (3) 11 =18 <4=6 Dhx ; +41 (3) 11 =14 824=Mr. G. Khdhr \imie, \.G., J.G., J.En., IHra`.

]uhn J.\. mi Sheisthn, jbjiìei pbrjhsh`hghn, saa ;

Mbhr \ir,

Vb wisg to arinf to your einm nolb, tght J/s. S]. ‚H‚ hwb`` rbputbm aif spinninf lojphny in Inmonbsih bntbrbminto h lontrhlt jbnonbm haovb to sgip to us ay bnm Jhy / bhr`y Kunb=/=3’dl`s od JK\ spun po`ybstbr yhrns augbymimnt du`` tgb lontrhlt hnm now rbdusinf to sgip our foomsmbspitb wb hllbptbm tgbir prilbs, hnm phyjbnt tbrjs hnmhrrhnfbm mown phyjbnt hnm \ifgt @l in jb.

Vb sinlb hjonf o`mbst ijpotbrs, hfbnts hnm mistriautorsod h`` typbs od tbx`b rhw jhtbrih`s nbvbr ghvb dhlbm sulgh proa`bj phrlu`hr`y droj Inmonbsih droj wgbrb wb hrb

auyinf droj S]. ‐W‚ btl hnm in tgb phst ghvb worebm witgJ/s. S] ‐[‚ blt hnm nujbrous otgbrs. H`` tgb suppìbrswb worebm gonourbm tgbir lojjitjbnts rbspblu``y hnmwitgout hny troua`b irrbspblvb od jhrebt posion ortgbir proa`bjs. Aut tgis is hn uniqub insthnlb to us. ]gis issurprisinf tght hbr bntbrinf into lontrhlt witg ustgby ghvbsgippbm ot od JK\ yhrns to Sheisthn jhin`y to otgbr trhmbrshnm our lojpbtors.

Mub to tgis wb hrb in h frbht troua`b abdorb our òlh` bnmusbrs dor wgoj wb ghm thebn tgb yhrns droj J/s. S] ‐H‚.]gb hpprholg to you is to sbbe h gb`p in tgb jhbr ablhusb tgb why suppìbrs ghvb rbdusbm wi`` rbnmbr h frbhtòss to us wgilg jhy ab jonbthry hs wb`` hs òss od ourrbfu`hr lustojbr’s trust hnm lonmbnlb.

Vb whit dor your posivb rbsposnsb.

Khwhahn hths pbrjhsh`hghn ]uhn J\ mi Sheisthn tbrsbautsaa ;

\ir,]ghne you dor tgb bjhi`. Id you whnt to so`vb tgb proa`bj,p`bhsb bnsurb tght tgbrb is hn hraitrhon l`husb in tgblontrhlt. Id tgbrb bxis, you jhy `b tgb lhsb to us (AHNI).

Ahgwh pb`hkhrhn yhnf mimhpht mhri pbrjhsh`hghn tbrsbautmi hths hmh`hg kieh mh`hj suhtu guaunfhn gueuj mh`hjaimhnf pbrmhfhnfhn intbrnhsionh` yhnf jbìahtehn hnthrhsuhtu pbrushghhn yhnf abrhmh mi ùhr nbfbri (Jish`nyhSheisthn) mbnfhn suhtu pbrushghhn yhnf abrhmh miInmonbsih, jheh phrh pighe tbrsbaut untue jbnybrhgehnpbrjhsh`hghn/sbnfebth hthu abmh pbnmhpht tbrsbautebphmh AHNI Hraitrhon Lbntbr , jheh ghrus miphsehntbr`baig mhguù ahgwh mh`hj eontrhe hnthrh phrh pighetbrsbaut tbrmhpht ‐E`husu`h Hraitrhsb‚ mhn tb`hg jbjiìgdoruj pbnyb`bshihn sbnfebth hthu abmh pbnmhpht tbrsbautjb`hùi AHNI Hraitrhon Lbntbr.

Kieh mh`hj eontrhe yhnf miauht mhn mithnmhthnfhni o`bgphrh pighe tbrsbaut mhe jbnybautehn mhn mhe jbjiìgAHNI Hraitrhon Lbntbr sbahfhi doruj untue jbnyb`bshiehnpbrjhsh`hghn/sbnfebth hthu abmh pbnmhpht tbrsbaut,jheh AHNI Hraitrhon Lbntbr mhe mhpht jbnbrijhpbnyb`bshihn pbrjhsh`hghn/ sbnfebth hthu abmh pbnmhphttbrsbaut.

Nhjun mbjieihn, kieh sbtb`hg tbrkhmi pbrjhsh`hghn/sbnfebth hthu abmh pbnmhpht tbrsbaut, phrh pighetbthp hehn jbnybrhgehn pbnyb`bshihn pbrjhsh`hghn/sbnfebth hthu abmh pbnmhpht tbrsbaut jb`hùi AHNI

Hraitrhon Lbntbr , jheh phrh pighe tbrsbaut tbr`baigmhguù ghrus jbjauht ‐\urht Ebsbphehthn‚ tbrsbnmiri

untue jbnybrhgehn pbrjhsh`hghn/sbnfebth tbrsbautebphmh AHNI Hraitrhon Lbntbr (Hraitrhon Hfrbbjbnt)( vimb Shsh` 8 hnfeh < mhn Shsh` 1 RR No.<3 ]hgun 8999tbnthnf Hraitrhsb mhn H`tbrnhd Sbnyb`bshihn \bnfebth mhnEbtbntuhn mhn Srosbmur AHNI Hraithron Lbntbr ).

\h`hj, Sbnfhsug QRAQIE EON\R@]H\I

HQAI]QH\B MHN H@]BQNH]ID SBNYB@B\HIHN \BNFEB]HMr.Khdhr \imie,\.G.,J.G.,J.En.,IHraI.





JHGEHJHG HFRNF QI

SBNBFHE GRERJ

Ebtuh Jhgehjhg Hfunf QI Jbnbrijh EunkunfhnRs Fovbrnjbnt Lghrfb M’hddhirbs Dor Inmonbsih


Khehrth “ Gujhs; Qhau, (<3/83/138<) Ebtuh Jhgehjhg

Hfunf QI Mr.G.J.Ghtth Hì, \G.,JG jbnbrijh

eunkunfhn R.\ Fovbrnjbnt Lghrfb M’Hffihirbs dor

Inmonbsih Jrs Eirstbn Ahubr mhn Jr Hnmrbw \isson

sbahfhi Rnitbm \thtbs Hfbnly Intbrnhtionh` Mbvbòpjbnt

(R\HIM) Jision Mirbltor absbrth Monmy \bntyh

(R\HIM) \r. Qu`b Od @hw \pblihìst miruhnf ebrkh Ebtuh

Jhgehjhg Hfunf QI.

Shmh eunkunfhn ini Vhei` Muth Abshr Hjbrieh \brieht

untue Inmonbsih Jrs Eirstbn Ahubr jbnyhjphiehn

ebjahì pbnfghrfhhn mhn hprbsihsi hths lhphihn yf

mipbro`bg Jhgehjhg Hfunf, tbruthjh jbnfbnhi

ebtbrauehhn Indorjhsi pbrhmi`hn, Lhsb ]rhleinf \ystbj

(L]\). Mishjphiehn kufh jbnfbnhi unmhnfhn mhri

Jhgehjhg Hfunf Hjbrieh \brieht ebphmh Ebtuh

Jhgehjhg Hfunf QI, mh`hj rhnfeh jbnkhìn ebrkh shjh

mhn eunkunfhn ab`hkhr eb Jhgehjhg Hfunf Hjbrieh

\brieht mhn Sbnfhmi`hn “ Sbnfhmi`hn mi eoth Vhsginfton

mhn Nbw Yore.

Mh`hj pbrtbjuhn tbrsbaut Ebtuh JH jbnyhjphiehn

pbnfghrfhhn mhn hprbsihsi hths ebrkhshjh yhnf mikhìn

sb`hjh ini jb`hùi profrhj L=K mhn R\HIM hfhr tbthp

abr`hnkut, uthjhnyh jbnfbnhi ebtbrauehhn `bjahfh

pbrhmi`hn sbrth doeus phmh `hyhnhn puaìe mhn indorjhsijhnhkbjbn pbrehrh. @baig `hnkut Jrs Eirstbn kufh

jbnuturehn ahgwh pbrtbjuhn pijpinhn tbrtinffi

Jhgehjhg Hfunf QI mbnfhn Jhgehjhg Hfunf

Hjbrieh \brieht hehn shnfht pbntinf, tbruthjh mh`hj gh`

`hyhnhn puaìe, Ebtbrauehhn Institusi mhn hesbs tbrghmhp

ebhmi`hn, hph`hfi ebtbrauehhn Institusi jbruphehnahfihn yhnf shnfht pbntinf ahfi mbjoerhsi.

Hlhrh yhnf abr`hnfsunf mbnfhn suhshnh ebherhahn ebmuh

Nbfhrh ini kufh mighmiri o`bg, Vhei` Ebtuh Jhgehjhg

Hfunf QI Aimhnf Yumisih` Mr. G. Joghjjhm \h`bg,

\G., JG, Vhei` Ebtuh Jhgehjhg Hfunf Aimhnf Non

Yumisih` Mr. G. Hgjhm Ehji`, \G., J.Guj, Ebtuh

Ehjhr pbjainhhn Jhgehjhg Hfunf QI Vimhyhtno

\hstroghrmkono, \G., J.\l mhn Ebph`h Airo Gueuj

mhn Gujhs Jhgehjhg Hfunf QI Mr. Qimwhn Jhnsyur,

\G., JG.

Sbrtbjuhn ini mihegiri mbnfhn doto abrshjh. ●




EBKHE\HHN HFRNF QI


Ehpuspbneuj Abri Sbnbrhnfhn Gueuj\iswh \JHN < Khehrth

Susht Sbnbrhnfhn Gueuj Ebkheshhn Hfunf Q.I

jb`heshnhehn Ebfihthn Sbnbrhnfhn Gueuj abebrkhshjh

mbnfhn \beo`hg Jbnbnfhg Hths Nbfbri < Khehrth.

Ebfihthn yhnf abr`hnfsunf mi Gotb` Hjaghrh Khehrth

phmh ghri \b`hsh thnffh` 19 Oetoabr 138< ini miieuti

o`bg 883 pbsbrth mhri \JHN < Khehrth miaueh o`bg

Ehpuspbneuj \btih Rntunf Hri Ju`hmi.

Ebfihthn yhnf abrtbjhehn ‐Ebnhì Gueuj, Khugehn

Gueujhn‚ abrjhtbriehn ebnheh`hn rbjhkh, eorupsi mhn

nhreoah.

Nhrhsujabr Gbri Hgjhm Sriahmi jbnyhjphiehn jhtbri

ebnheh`hn rbjhkh, Brh Inmhg \orhyh jbnyhjphiehn

jbtomb pbneuj tbrahru yhitu pbrjhinhn u`hr thnffh,

mhn Novieh Juzhirhg jbnyhjphiehn jhtbri nhreoah

mhn eorupsi.

Mh`hj ebsbjphthn ini Ehpuspbneuj sblhrh sijaoìs

jbjabriehn pbrjhinhn u`hr thnffh ebphmh Hsistbn

Intbìkbn Ebkheshhn ]inffi MEI Khehrth sbahfhi jbtomb

ahru mh`hj pb`heshnhhn ebfihthn pbnbrhnfhn mhn

pbnyuùghn gueuj

Ebfihthn ini mighmiri O`bg Hssistbn Intbìkbn Ebkheshhn

]inffi MEI Khehrth, Ebph`h Ebkheshhn Nbfbri Khehrth

\b`hthn, Vhei` Ebph`h Minhs Sbnmimiehn Srovinsi MEI

Khehrth, ]bhj @bhmbr Hustrhìh Inmonbsih Shrtnbrsgip dor

Kultilb Lrhif Bwbrs mhn phrh \iswh \JHN < Khehrth. ●




EBSO@I\IHN QI

SBNBFHE GRERJ


Srbsimbn \AY Jb`hntie Kbnmbrh` Soìsi \uthrjhnJbnkhmi Ehpo`ri Ahru mi Isthnh Nbfhrh

Eojishris Kbnmbrh` Soìsi \uthrjhn mihnfeht jbnkhmiEhpo`ri abrmhshrehn Ebputushn Srbsimbn (Ebpprbs)nojor 46 So`ri 138< yhnf mithnmhthnfhni 1= Oetoabr

138<. Ebpprbs yhnf miahlhehn \berbthris JiìtbrSrbsimbn, Arifhmir Kbnmrh` ]NI Abnny Inmrh Sukighstono,jbnfhntiehn Kbnmbrh` Soìsi ]ijur Srhmopo.

\babùjnyh mihnfeht jbnkhmi Ehpo`ri, \uthrjhn jbnkhahtsbahfhi Ehahrbserij So`ri mi brh ebpbjijpinhn Ehpo`ri]ijur Srhmopo. Ih hmh`hg lhòn tunffh` Ehpo`ri yhnfmiusuèhn Srbsimbn Yumgoyono phmh Mbwhn Sbrwhei`hnQheyht.

\uthrjhn mighmhphn Srbsimbn abrkhnki timhe hehnjbnbrijh pbjabrihn abruph hphpun mhn mhri sihphpuntbrehit mbnfhn khahthnnyh sb`heu ehpo`ri. \uthrjhn kufh abrkhnki Soìsi hehn hmh mitbnfhg jhsyhrheht

mh`hj eonmisi hphpun.‚Eith hehn jb`heuehn pbjabnhghneb mh`hj. So`ri ghrus ghmir mitbnfhg-tbnfhg jhsyhrhehtphmh shht jhsyhrheht jbjautugehn,‚ ehth \uthrjhn.

\uthrjhn kufh jbjhstiehn, mirinyh tbthp jbjpriorithsehnpbjabrhnthshn Nhreoah, ]brorisjb mhn Eorupsi,tbrjhsue ebkhghthn kh`hnhn sbpbrti prbjhnisjb. Ahgwhmirinyh hehn jbnbehnehn pbnfhwhshn einbrkh hnffothpoìsi mhn hehn jbninmhe mbnfhn tbfhs tbrghmhp oenuj-oenuj poìsi yhnf jb`hnffhr gueuj.

\b`hjht abrtufhs Kbnmbrh`..

Qbmhesi Intbfriths.




EON\R@]H\I GRERJ

HMTOEH] MHN EON\R@]HN GRERJ

GH\ & QBEHN

\I]H KHJINHN ]BQGHMHS AHQHNF JI@IE

MBAI]RQ

Mbhr GH\ & Qbehn

\hyh jbjiìei pbrjhsh`hghn pbrsoh`hn gueuj, jbnfbnhi

thth lhrh sith khjinhn ? \bguaunfhn mbnfhn ebfhfh`hn

eìbn shyh jbjahyhr guthnfnyh (infehr Khnki) mbnfhn

khjinhn thnhg mhn ahfunhn, Hphehg shyh aish uphyh sith

khjinhnnyh ?

Aumiyhnto “ Eb`hph Fhminf

Khwhahn ;

Ahphe Aumiyhnto, untue jbnkhwha pbrsoh`hn ahphe hmh

ahienyh sbmieit ehji kb`hsehn tbnthnf thth lhrh sith khjinhn

jiìe mbaitur ;

\ith Khjinhn tbrghmhp ahrhnf jiìe mbaitur aihsh misbaut

lonsbrvhtoir abs`hf, hmh`hg jbruphehn nmhehn pbrsihphn

mhri pighe Sbnffufht untue jbjogon ebphmh Ebtuh

Sbnfhmi`hn Nbfbri untue jbnkhjin mhpht mi`heshnhehnnyh

putushn mbnfhn jbnkuh` ahrhnf mbaitur yhnf misith funh

jbjbnugi tuntuthn pbnffufht,U ps` 116 GIQ, ps` 148 QAfZ

Shmh mhshrnyh sith khjinhn U lonsbrvhtoir abs`hfZ, ghnyhtbrahths phmh sbnfebth uthnf piuthnf, tbthpi mh`hj prhetbe

kufh mitbrhpehn mh`hj gh` ;

]untuthn fhn rufi yhnf jau` ehrbnh-

whnprbsthsi, jhupun ehrbnh Sbrauhthn jb`hwhn

gueuj,-

\bnfebth jiìe hths abnmh mhe abrfbrhe,--

Sbrjinthhn sith khjinhn mhpht mijinth misbphnkhnf

pbjbrieshhn simhnf Sbnfhmi`hn Nbfbri, yhitu jbseipun

mimh`hn fufhthn mhe tbrlhntuj pbrjithhn sith khjinhn

Ulonsbrvhtoir abs`hfZ ,gh` itu mhpht mijinth ab`hehnfhn

mh`hj surht tbrsbnmiri shjphi shht putushn mikhtugehn o`bg

Sbnfhmi`hn Nbfbri, U sbsuhi mbnfhn putushn Jhgehjhg

Hfunf thnffh` <8 Hfustus No.<68 E/ Smt/ 897=.Z

Insthnsi yhnf abrwbnhnf jbjbrinthgehn \ith Khjinhn

hmh`hg Ebtuh Sbnfhmi`hn Nbfbri Ups`. 896 GIQ, ps` 137 QAfZ,

tbthpi hmh yhnf abrpbnmhpht Sbnfhmi`hn ]inffi, jhupun

Jhgehjhg hfunf abrwbnhnf jbjrinthgehn sith khjinhn

mbnfhn jbnmhshrehn phmh ps` 116 hyht U8Z, ps` 148 hyht U8Z

QAf, -

Hphai`h pbrjinthhn sith khjinhn eb Sbnfhmi`hn ]inffi

ehrbnh sith mito`he hthupun sith khjinhn mhe mijinth

mi Sbnfhmi`hn Nbfbri, jheh Sbnfhmi`hn ]inffi mhpht

jbjbrinthgehn sith khjinhn mbnfhn jbnkhtugehn putushn

sb`h.

Rntue jbnkhwha pbrthyhhn aumiyhnto uphyh sith khjinhn

jiìe mbaitur yhnf mikhjinehn tbntunyh mhpht mi`heuehn sith

khjinhn jb hùi Sbnfhmi`hn Nbfbri pbrthjh mhguù mhn

abrkbnkhnf.

Mbjieihn indorjhsi yhnf aish ehji shjphiehn ebphmhahphe Aumiyhnto, sbjofh khwhahn ehji mhpht abrebnhn.

\h`hj Sbnfhsug

@h Omb Hamu` Qhgij, \B, \G Hmvoeht

EHN]OQ GRERJ

GH\ & QBEHN

EOJS@BE QREO QHMBN IN]BN NO.7H @].1


]b`p. 318 744 8=83<

Dhx. (318) 744 31<84

GS ; 378< 2247 99=7

Bjhi` ; ghs.hmvoehtCfjhi`.loj@h Omb Hamu` Qhgij, \B, \GHmvoeht





Iehgi \ihp Abrpbrhn mh`hj

Sb`heshnhhn Sbrhmi`hn Jombrn

Mr. Ijhj \obablgiEbtuh Rjuj MSS Iehthn Gheij Inmonbsih (IEHGI)

Iehthn Gheij Inmonbsih (Iehgi), sbsuhi mbnfhn Hnffhrhn Mhshr hmh`hg

orfhnishsi yhnf jbwhmhgi gheij-gheij yhnf abrhsh` mhri gheij ehrir, gheij

non ehrir mhn non gheij ( hmgol). \hht ini gheij yhnf jhsig ab`uj jhsue

ebhnffothhn Iehgi hmh`hg bnhj gheij eonstitusi yhnf auehn abrhsh` mhri

Jhgehjhg Hfunf (JH).

\BSHE ]BQKHNF





Jusyhwhrhg Nhsionh`

Iehthn Gheij

Inmonbsih (Junhs

Iehgi) eb-86 yhnf

abr`hnfsunf mi Ahì, 16-19 Oetoabr

138< sumhg ushi mbnfhn tbrpiìgnyh

Mr. Ijhj \obablgi sbahfhi Ebtuh

Rjuj untue pbriomb 138<-1387.

Ebtuh Rjuj Mbwhn Sijpinhn

Susht Iehgi tbrpiìg, Ijhj \obablgi

jbnfhthehn, abrailhrh visi jisi

Iehgi timhe tbr`bphs mhri visi jisi

Jhgejhg Hfunf (JH). Mh`hj aùb

print Iehgi, yhnf sbju`h miauht phmh

thgun 133< ebjumihn miuahg phmh

thgun 1383 untue khnfeh whetu 12thgun, Iehgi sihp untue jbnmoronf

pbrhmi`hn jombrn mbji tbrwukumnyh

pbrhmi`hn yhnf ‐bxlb``bnt lourt‚

(hfunf).

Sbrhmi`hn hfunf hmh`hg pbrhmi`hn

jombrn yhnf hrtinyh sbjuh shrhnh

mhn prhshrhnh itu abrahsis tbenoòfi

indorjhtieh‚, ehth Ijhj.

\bginffh, trhnsphrhnsi yhnfjbnyhnfeut pbrhmi`hn mbnfhn jumhg

mipbro`bg phrh pbnlhri ebhmi`hn.

‐\babùj ‐hyhj abreoeoe‚ jbjhsuei

thgun 138=, bjpht ìnfeunfhn

pbrhmi`hn yhnf abrhmh mi ahwhg JH

sumhg ghrus jbnffunhehn tbenoòfi

indorjhtieh,‚ ukhr Ijhj.

Khmi mbnfhn jbnffunhehn tbenoòfi

indorjhtieh,`hnkut mih, abfitu ghri

ini jbjutus pbrehrh, ghri ini kufhindorjhsi pbrehrh tbrsbaut aish

mihesbs jhsyhrheht ebjumihn mi-

mownòhm mh`hj abntue SMD mhn

phrh pijpinhn kufh sumhg fhjphnf

untue jbjonitor pbrsimhnfhn-

pbrsimhnfhn yhnf abrhmh mi ahwhg

JH.

‐Iehgi tbntunyh abrpbrhn mh`hj

rhnfeh jbnlhri mhn jb`heshnhehn

pbrhmi`hn jombrn,‚ ukhrnyh.

\bphe tbrkhnf Ijhj \obablgi

\uesbs sb`bshiehn sbnfebth hssbt

fbrbkh GEAS mhn ehsus ‗Kuahg

Sutig’

Moetor Gueuj eb`hgirhn \imohrko,19

Khnuhri 89=4 ini jbruphehn hnfehthnpbrthjh lhòn gheij thgun 8963

yhnf mijiìei Inmonbsih. Sbrthjh

ehì jbnmhpht tufhs sbahfhi gheij mi

Sbnfhmi`hn Nbfbri Aìthr thgun 8968-

896=.

Jbnkhmi gheij mi pbnfhmi`hn nbfbri

mi`heoni ginffh phmh thgun 8993 mi

Sbnfhmi`hn Nbfbri Jbmhn.

Ijhj jbnfhthehn, sbkhe khmi Gheij

SN, mirinyh sumhg hetid mi orfhnishsi

Iehgi yhnf mih pijpin sbehrhnf ini.

‐Khmi timhe gbrhn`hg, ebtieh shyh pun

mipbrlhyh untue jbnkhmi Ebtuh MSS

Iehgi untue pbriomb 138<-1387,‚

ukhrnyh.

Mhri thgun 8977 ginffh 8993, Ijhj

mihnfeht jbnkhmi Gheij Sbnfhmi`hn

]RN Jbmhn. @hù phmh thgun 8993-

8991 mih pun miprojosiehn jbnkhmi

Vhei` Ebtuh phmh Sbnfhmi`hn ]RN.

\bahfhi Ebtuh Sbnfhmi`hn ]RN

mi`heoni mi Euphnf ]hgun 899<, mi

Sbnfhmi`hn ]RN Sh`bjahnf thgun

8992, mhn mi Sbnfhmi`hn ]RN

\bjhrhnf thgun 8997.

Nhsia abrpighe, thgun 8997-1333,

Ijhj mihnfeht sbahfhi Gheij ]inffi

mi Sbnfhmi`hn ]inffi ]RN \urhahyh.

Shmh thgun 1333, Khahthn Ebph`hMirbetorht ]RN mi JH QI eosonf,

hmh ababrhph nhjh yhnf milhònehn

jbnfisi khahthn yhnf eosonf tbrsbaut,

nhjun hegirnyh Ijhj `hg yhnf

tbrpiìg jbnfisi posisi itu.

Eh`h itu, Rnmhnf Rnmhnf sumhg

abruahg, sbabùjnyh misbautehn

untue jbnbjphti posisi itu,

sborhnf gheij ghrus tbr`baig mhguù

jbnkh`hni jhsh 83 thgun jbnkhmigheij tinffi.

‐Shmhgh` shyh jbnkhmi gheij tinffi

ahru sbeithr tifh thgun. \btb`hg

miuahg, misbautehn syhrhtnyh jbnkhmi

jbnkhmi gheij sb`hjh 13 thgun,

tbrjhsue < thgun jbnkhmi gheij

tinffi, khmi shyh jbjbnugi syhrht

Ebtuh Rjuj MbwhnSijpinhn Susht Iehgi

tbrpiìg, Ijhj \obablgi

jbnfhthehn, abrailhrh

visi jisi Iehgi timhe

tbr`bphs mhri visi jisi

Jhgejhg Hfunf. Mh`hj

aùb print Iehgi, yhnf

sbju`h miauht phmh

thgun 133< ebjumihn

miuahg phmh thgun 1383

untue khnfeh whetu 12

thgun, Iehgi sihp untue

jbnmoronf pbrhmi`hn

jombrn mbji tbrwukumnyh

pbrhmi`hn yhnf ‐bxlb``bnt

lourt‚ (hfunf).




untue jbnlhònehn jbnkhmi Ebph`h

Mirbetorht ]RN mi JH mhn hegirnyh

tbrpiìg mhn jbnkhaht ginffh shjphi

thgun 1331,‚ kb`hs Ijhj.

Muh thgun ebjumihn, Gheij Hfunf

]RN jbnfh`hji ebeosonfhn, Ijhj

ebjumihn mirberut, miusuèhn JH,

mhn miuki mi MSQ. Muh mhri tukug

orhnf lhòn Gheij Hfunf ]RN yhnf

misb`besi, hegirnyh Ijhj jbnkhmi

sh`hg sborhnf yhnf tbrpiìg.

\btb`hg ababrhph thgun jbnkhmi

Gheij Hfunf ]RN, thnffh` 88 Kuni

138<, Ijhj mihnfeht jbnkhmi Ebtuh

Ehjhr ]RN jbnffhntiehn ShuùsB. @otuònf.

Ginffh phmh Junhs Iehgi eb-86 mi

Ahì, Ijhj tbrpiìg jbnffhntiehn

Mr. G. Joghjjhm \h`bg, \.G.,

J.G., sbahfhi Ebtuh Rjuj MSS

Iehgi sbabùjnyh.

Sbnfh`hjhn yhnf phìnf abrebshn

sb`hjh jbniti ehrir sbahfhi gheij

mih`hji Ijhj phmh shht abrtufhs miJbmhn. ‐\hht itu, ehji jbnhnfhni

ehsus pbrsbìsighn mi GEAS (Fbrbkh

Gurih Eristbn Ahthe Srotbsthn). Hsbt

yhnf mijiìei GEAS shnfht ahnyhe

sbginffh jbnijauèhn driesi mi

intbrnh`nyh,‚ ebnhnf Ijhj.

Shmh shht jbnhnfhni ehsus itu,

Ijhj jbnfheui mitb`bpon Shnfìjh

Eojhnmo Mhbrhg Jiìtbr hthu

Shnfmhj mi shnh shht itu, tbthpiauehn mh`hj rhnfeh jbnfintbrvbnsi.

Mih jbnlbritbrhehn, phmh whetu itu

mih abrshjh She @intonf, gheij yhnf

sbabùjnyh jbnhnfhni ehsus GEAS.

Ijhj mitb`bpon phmh jh`hj ghri

hfhr jbnffhntiehnnyh jbnhnfhni

ehsus GEAS.

‐H`hshnnyh, abìhu miphesh junmur,

ehrbnh mih jbrhsh timhe oakbetid mh`hj

jbnhnfhni ehsus GEAS tbrsbaut,‚

unfehp Ijhj.

Ijhj yhnf shht itu jbnkhaht sbahfhi

Vhei` Ebtuh Sbnfhmi`hn ]RN,

hegirnyh mitunkue untue jbnhnfhni

ehsus GEAS. Ebtieh jbnhnfhni ehsus

GEAS itu hg, Ijhj jbrhsh ehrirnyh

abrsinhr.

‐Jbseipun tbrkhmi driesi yhnf lueup

gbaht, ebhmhhn mi Jbmhn phmh shht

itu lueup eonmusid,‚ ebnhnf Ijhj.

Ebtieh jbnkh`hni tufhs sbahfhi gheijmi sh`hg shtu Sbnfhmi`hn Nbfbri,

Ijhj kufh jbjpunyhi lbrith `hin.

Ebkhmihn itu tbrkhmi sbeithr thgun

8971. Ijhj phmh shht itu jbnkhmi

gheij SN mi \ifì, Hlbg. ‐Shmh shht

itu sbmhnf rhjhinyh ehsus ‗kuahg

putig’ miailhrhehn,‚ ukhrnyh.

Vhetu itu, Ijhj jhsue Hlbg

jbnkb`hnf au`hn puhsh, hmh ebòjpoe

yhnf infin wi`hyhg tbrsbaut puhshsbphnkhnf ghri, whrunf-whrunf yhnf

aueh mi sihnf ghri miphesh tutup

mbnfhn lhrh ebebrhshn.

Ebebrhshn yhnf tbrkhmi shjphi eb

jbkh pbrsimhnfhn. Hwh`nyh ebtuh

pbrsimhnfhn shht itu timhe jhu

jbnyimhnfehn. Mhn jbnunkue

Ijhj jbnffhntiehnnyh untue

jbnyimhnfehn ehsus ‐kuahg putig‚

tbrsbaut.

‐ H`ghjmuì`hg, shyh aish jb`bwhti

itu sbjuh‚, ebnhnfnyh jbnfhegiri

ainlhnf-ainlhnf mbnfhn Jhkh`hg

Intbfriths , mi ehntornyh, <3 Oetoabr

yhnf `hù

IHN




Ebtieh mipbrlhyh jbnkhmi mosbn mi Rnivbrsiths Ainh Nushnthrh

(AINR\ Rnivbrsity), 87 thgun hù, Ghrkhnto Srhaowo jhsig

jbnyhnmhnf fb`hr shrkhnh (strhth shtu). Ih jbnfhkhr mi kurushn

b`betronieh. Shmhgh`, mosbn-mosbn `hin mi ehjpus ini sumhg

abrfb`hr \-1.

Srod Mr Ir Ghrkhnto Srhaowo JJ,Qbetor Rnivbrsiths Ainh Nushnthrh

‚Ijpihn \hyh ; Ehjpus Abreuhìths,

Aihyh Euìhgnyh ]brkhnfehu‚

EHJSR\





EHJSR\

Mi Ainus, Ghrkhnto jbnlhphi

punlhe ehribr phmh 1339. Ih

tbrpiìg jbnkhmi rbetor yhnf

ebfh. Mhn thgun ini, Ghrkhnto ebjahì

mipbrlhyh jbjijpin Ainus, ginffh

1387.

Ghrkhnto `hgir phmh 86 Jhrbt 894=mi Eoth Ahe, Sbehònfhn (Khwh

]bnfhg), sbahfhi hnhe ebtukug mhri 83

abrshumhrh. Ebùhrfhnyh tbrfoònf

sbmbrghnh.

‚Ebeh jhsh euìhg muù, hyhg shyh

jbnfhthehn sumhg mhe jhjpu

jbjaihyhi euìhg shyh. \b`hjh euìhg,

aihyh euìhg miahntu o`bg ehehe. \hyh

kufh jbnlhri ebrkh shjai`hn untue

jbnutupi ebautughn gimup,‚ lbrith

Srod Mr Ir Ghrkhnto Srhaowo ebphmh

Jhkh`hg IN]BFQI]H\ mi Ehjpus Ainus,\yhgmhn, Ebjhnffishn, Khehrth Ahrht,

hwh` hegir Oetoabr 138<.

Ebtbrahthshn beonoji ebùhrfh

jbjauhtnyh fiht ab`hkhr suphyh

jbnmhpht ni`hi ahfus mhn jbrhig

prbsthsi. ]behm sbebrhs ahkh hùjni

Rnivbrsiths Miponbforo, \bjhrhnf

(Khwh ]bnfhg) ini jbjauhgehn ghsi`,

phmh 8976 ih tbrpiìg jbnkhmi jhghsiwh

tb`hmhn.

Mithnyh jbnfbnhi whkhg pbnmimiehnInmonbsih shht ini, Ghrkhnto jbnkhwha,

‚Eith khnfhn ghnyh mihj. Eith ghrus

abrfbrhe mh`hj pbruahghn mh`hj munih

pbnmimiehn yhnf sbjhein eonpbd.‚

Ih jbnhjahgehn, AINR\ Rnivbrsity

yhnf jbjiìei profrhj M-<, \-8

shjphi \-< khug-khug ghri sumhg

jbjpbrsihpehn eonsbp pbnmimiehn

mhn sujabr mhyh jhnusih yhnf hnmh`.‚]ukuhnnyh, ebeh jhghsiswh sb`bshi

mhri ahnfeu pbnmimiehn, jbrbeh

ghrus aish jbnkhwha pbrsoh`hn mhn

thnthnfhn jhsh mbphn.‚

Ghrkhnto jbìght pbjbrinthg jbjhnf

sumhg abruphyh sbjhesijh` junfein

jbjpbrghehn munih pbnmimiehn.

Nhjun, whkhg pbnmimiehn eith jhsig

khug mhri ghrhphn. ‚\bmignyh, jinht

jhsyhrheht untue jhsue munih

pbrfuruhn nffi shjphi shht ini jhsig

jinij. ]imhe aish mijunfeiri, sh`hg shtuh`hshnnyh hmh`hg aihyh yhnf jhgh`.‚

Jbnurut mih, hmh`hg kufh dheth,

ahnyhe ùùshn pbrfuruhn nffi

jbnkhmi pbnfhnffurhn. Jbnfhph?

Eonmisi `hphnfhn ebrkh mhe sbsuhi

mbnfhn eritbrih shrkhnh yhnf mighsièhn

pbrfuruhn nffi.

‚Ahnyhe ùùshn yhnf sh`hg kurushn.

Jbrbeh euìhg jbnfhjai` kurushn

pbrthnihn, tbthpi sbtb`hg jbrbeh

sb`bshi euìhg abebrkh mi munihpbrahnehn, ehn nffhe nyhjaunf

mbnfhn jhth pb`hkhrhnnyh muù. O`bg

ehrbnh itu, sihph pun prbsimbn nhn,

mih ghrus sbrius jbjpbrghehn munih

pbnmimiehn,‚ thjahgnyh.

Ghrkhnto mhe jhu jbnyh`hgehn pighe

jhnh pun. ‚Innyh, eh`hu eith pbmuì

phmh munih pbnmimiehn, hmh ahienyh eith

shìnf jbnfbvhùhsi munih pbnmimiehnhfhr eb mbphnnyh jbnkhmi `baig ahie.‚

\hht ini hòehsi HSAN yhnf phìnf

abshr itu miabriehn eb pbnmimiehn

jb`hùi Ebjbntbrihn Sbnmimiehn mhn

Ebaumhyhhn. Ih abrghrhp hnffhrhn

pbnmimiehn yhnf abshr itu mifunhehn

sbahie junfein untue profrhj

pbnmimiehn, sbpbr aihyh pbnbìhn

ahfi phrh jhghsiswh mhn mosbn.

‚Khnfhn`hg mish`hgfunhehn,‚ ehthnyh

jbnfinfhtehn.

Ghrkhnto kufh jbnfinfhtehn,

pbjbrinthg ghrus tbrus jbnyb`besi

euhìths mhn nfeht ebsbkhgtbrhhn

mosbn. Eh`hu euhìths mhn ebsbkhgtbrhhn

mosbn sumhg ahie, tbntu jbrbeh hehn

doeus jbnfhkhr mh`hj shtu univbrsiths

shkh, mhe nyhjai mi ehjpus `hin

mbnfhn h`hshn fhki yhnf mhe lueup mi

tbjphtnyh jbnfhkhr.

Mh`hj ehithn itu, ih jbjabri lontog

\infhpurh, pbjbrinthg nbfhrh tbthnffhitu jbjpbrghehn ebsbkhgtbrhhn

mosbn sbginffh euhìths pbnmimiehn

\infhpurh shnfht ahfus.




Kieh euhìths pbnmimiehn miabnhgi ju`hi

shht ini, 13 thgun jbnmhthnf nbfhrh

eith phs hehn misbfhni mi ehwhshn

H\BHN ahgehn mi Hsih.

Shmh 63-hn ahnyhe jhghsiswh mhri

Jh`hysih hthu \infhpurh yhnf euìhg

mi Inmonbsih ehrbnh phmh jhsh itueuhìths pbnmimiehn eith jhsig unffu`

miahnminfehn Jh`hysih. Shs hmh yhnf

sh`hg mbnfhn sistbj pbnfhkhrhn eith.

‚Eh`hu hmh yhnf jbnfhthehn kuj`hg

pbnmumue abshr khmi pbnfghjaht

ebjhkuhn munih pbnmimiehn, shyh pieir

itu sh`hg ehprhg. Auenyh, nbfhrh Linh

mhn Inmih kuj`hg pbnmumuenyh abshr

`baig mhri shtu jiìhr. Jbrbeh jbnkhmi

nbfhrh yhnf jhku ehrbnh pbnfbò`hhn

munih pbnmimiehn shnfht ahie,‚

phphrnyh.

Ghrus \bkh`hn mbnfhn Jorh`

Ahfhijhnh soh` eurieuùj? Ghrkhnto

mhe infin jbjpbrjhsh`hgehn dhetor

eurieuùj pbnmimiehn yhnf mitbrhpehn

pbjbrinthg. ‚Eh`hu eurieuùj

pbnmimiehnnyh hmh yhnf eurhnf

sbjpurnh, jhsig aish misbjpurnhehn

eoe . Nbfhrh Hjbrieh \brieht shkh

jhsig ahnyhe eb`bjhghnnyh mh`hjeurieuùj pbnmimiehnnyh thpi jbrbeh

jbnfuahgnyh. Srbsimbn Ahrhle Oahjh

jbjinth hfhr eurieuùj pbnmimiehn

sbfbrh mibvhùhsi.‚

Ih abrpbnmhpht, sbabnhrnyh eurieuùj

pbnmimiehn mhe tbr`hù jbnkhmi

pbrsoh`hn. Yhnf jbnkhmi jhsh`hg shht

ini hmh`hg ahnyhe orhnf abrpbnmimiehn

nffi yhnf jbnkhmi pb`heu nmhe

pimhnh eorupsi.

‐\hyh pieir, sb`hin jbjpbrahiei sistbj

pbnmimiehn, jorh` ahnfsh eith pun

ghrus mipbrahiei `bwht pbnmimiehn

suphyh orhnf yhnf jbnlipthehn sistbj

mhn pbrhturhn itu mhe jb`heuehn

prhee eorupsi.‚

Jbnfinfht jorh` ahnfsh ini sbmhnf

mipbrthnyhehn, AINR\ Rnivbrsity

sbmhnf doeus jbjpbrsihphehn

jbtomb pbnmimiehn lghrhltbr aui`minf.

Yheni, mosbn mhe ghnyh abrtufhs

jbnfhkhrehn jhth pb`hkhrhn thpi

kufh pbnmimiehn ehrhetbr. ]ukuhnnyh,

suphyh jhghsiswh yhnf sumhg ùùs

mhri ahnfeu euìhg eb`he jbjiìei ni`hi

ebkukurhn mitbnfhg jhsyhrheht.

‚]he hmh funh, kieh hmh jhghsiswh

pinthr sb`hjh mih euìhg mhn sb`hù

jbnmhpht ni`hi nffi mh`hj hp

ukihn, nhjun sbtb`hg mih jhsue mh`hj

munih ebrkh kustru khmi pb`heu eorupsi,‚

ehthnyh.

@hnths, tufhs hph yhnf phìnf

jbnhnthnf ebeh mipbrlhyh jbnkhmi

rbetor untue ebmuh ehìnyh? Jbnurut

Ghrkhnto, yhnf phìnf jbnhnthnf

hmh`hg jbnkhmiehn AINR\ Rnivbrsity

jbnkhmi univbrsiths abreb`hs munih.

‚Jhesum shyh, AINR\ Rnivbrsity

miheui munih ehrbnh jbjiìei euhìths

pbnmimiehn yhnf abreb`hs munih

sbginffh ùùshn mhri ehjpus ehji aish

abebrkh mi pbrushghhn abreb`hs munih,

kufh jbnkhmi sborhnf wirhushghwhn

munih.‚

Ahfinyh, itu auehn`hg tufhs abrht,

jb`hinehn thnthnfhn yhnf ghrus

mikhwha. Lith-lith jbnkhmiehn AINR\

Rnivbrsity abreb`hs munih sbabnhrnyh

sumhg milhnhnfehn sbkhe bjpht thgun

`hù. ‚Mhn tufhs shyh shht ini untue

jb`hnkutehn visi mhn jisi itu. Hph`hfi

usih ehjpus AINR\ sumhg <1 thgun, khmi sumhg whetunyh ehjpus ini ghrus

thjpi` jbnkhmi ehjpus yhnf tbrmbphn

mh`hj euhìths pbnmimiehn.‚

Mi ukunf whwhnlhrh, Ghrkhnto

jbnfhthehn infin sbehì jbwukumehn

univbrsithsnyh sbahfhi ehjpus yhnf

tbrmbphn mh`hj euhìths pbnmimiehn

thpi aihyh euìhgnyh tbrkhnfehu. ‚Itu`hg

yhnf hehn shyh ebrkhehn.

Ahfhijhnh lhrhnyh? Ehji ushghehn

hfhr AINR\ Rnivbrsity aish jbjahnfun

ebrkh shjh mbnfhn abrahfhi pbrushghhn.

Ehji jbjabriehn eontriausi i`ju

mhn \MJ ebphmh pighe pbrushghhn

mhn pighe pbrushghhn jbjabriehn

ahntuhn mhnh ebphmh ehjpus.‚

Hnmrbhs Guthfhùnf/Ihn oethvihnus




\ujabr ; ebthwh.loj

Mieritie O`bg Iau Furu

\borhnf Iau jumh pbrfi eb ]hjhn Ehnhe-ehnhe

untue jbnkbjput hnhe pbrbjpuhnnyh. Jbìght

hnhenyh jbnunkueehn jueh yhnf the sbnhnf, ih

abrthnyh hmh hph mbnfhn mirinyh.

Hnhe pbrbjpuhn itu abrehth; "Ghri ini Au Furu tb`hg

jbnferitie mirieu, ih jbnfhthehn heu mi eb`hs timhe

hetid jbnfhlunfehn thnfhn jbnkhwha pbrthnyhhn

furu."

Iau sbfbrh jbnhnyh hph yhnf tb`hg tbrkhmi. Hnhe

pbrbjpuhn itu abrehth; "Au Furu jbnfhthehn, mi

rujhg, hnhe yhnf jbìpht sbìjutnyh sbnmiri, si`hgehn

jbnfhlunfehn thnfhn, heu the jbnfhlunfehn

thnfhn5 ebjumihn Au furu jbnfhthehn, Iau mhn

Ahphe yhnf ahntu jbìphtehn sbìjut ehìhn, si`hgehn

jbnfhlunfehn thnfhn, heu tbthp the jbnfhlunfehn

thnfhn."

Iau abrehth; "Ehju 1 ehì the jbnfhlunfehn thnfhn,

jheùj Au Furu jbnferitieju."

Mbnfhn the mimufh, hnhe pbrbjpuhn itu abrmbaht

jbjab`h miri; "]bthpi mi rujhg eith, ebnyhthhnnyh

ehn jbjhnf the hmh orhnf yhnf jbìpht sbìjut." ●

Miabrsigehn Hfhr \tbri`\babùj Misuntie

Shmh suhtu ghri, mi eìnie, sborhnf moetbr sbmhnf sihp-

sihp jb`heuehn inkbesi ebphmh Hfus liìe.

Ghnyh ebìghthn moetbr itu jbjbfhnf sbahthnf

ehphs abrhèogo` abrabntue au`ht, `hù abru`hnf-u`hnf

jbnfo`bsehnnyh mi phntht Hfus. \bkbnhe ebjumihn

ih jbìghtnyh mhn jbìghtnyh `hfi, `hù jbnfo`bsnyh

abru`hnf-u`hnf, bnthg sumhg eb abrhph ehì ih tb`hg

jbnfo`bsehn ehphs abrhèogo` itu.

Ghti Hfus jbrhsh lbjhs, ih ahgehn jbnlurifhi mirinyh

ebjunfeinhn tbrebnh pbnyheit abrht.

Shmh shht itu, ghnyh ebmbnfhrhn moetbr abrehth mbnfhn

shnthi; "Mie Hfus, ehju sumhg abrhph `hjh timhe

jhnmi?"

Mieirh Moetbr Fhmunfhn

\borhnf phsibn abroaht eb rujhg sheit. \hht moetbr

sumhg jbjbriesh pbnyheitnyh mhn jbjabri rbsbp

oaht, si phsibn abru`hnf-u`hnf jbìght rbsbp yhnf hmh

mi thnfhnnyh itu mhn abrehth; "Hnmh hphehg sborhnf

moetbr?"

"Hphehg hmh sbsuhtu yhnf Hnmh shnfsiehn?" thnyh shnf

moetbr.

"Orhnf ai`hnf tuìshn moetbr sushg miebnh`, thpi tuìshn

ini eoe heu aish jbnfbrti?" khwha phsibn itu.



JOGON MIMHD]HQEHN \BAHFHI SB@HNFFHN

JHKH@HG IN]]BFQI]H\, RN]RE ;

4 BMI\I QS. <33.333,-

81 BMI\I QS. 433.333,-

ABQI ]HNMH W SHMH EO]HE SI@IGHN YHNF ]BQ\BMIH

GRARNFI/EIQIJ DOQJR@IQ INI EB AHFIHN \IQER@

JHKH@HG IN]BFQI]H\ ;

EOJS@BE QREO QHMBN IN]BN NO.7H @].1


]b`p ; 318-744 8=83< Dhx ; 318- 744 31<84

GS. 3767 624 679 82

RS. QB\]B]Y / TBQH

Bjhi` ; jbmih.intbfrithsCfjhi`.loj

www.jbmihintbfriths.loj

LH]H]HN ;

Jhtbri ie`hn sihp lbthe misbmihehn o`bg pbjhshnf ie`hn. Hpha

jhtbri ie`hn mhe tbrsbmih, pbjauhthn jhtbri ie`hn mhpht miebrkhe

o`bg pbnbrait mbnfhn miebnhehn aihyh thjahghn mbshin.

Jhkh`hg IN]BFQI]H\ milbthe tihp au`hn

sbahnyhe 83.333 (sbpuùg riau) besbjp`hr,

mimistriausiehn eb ;

8. @bjahfh Sbjbrinthghn; Srbsimbn, Vhei`

Srbsimbn, Fuabrnur, Vhìeoth/Auphti,

Ebjbntbrihn mhn @bjahfh Nbfhrh Non

Sbjbrinthg

1. MSQ QI, MSM QI, ASE, ASES, Jhgehjhg Eontitusi,

ESR/M, Shnwhsù

<. Institusi ]NI ;

Shnfìjh ]NI, E\HM, E\H@, E\HR

=. Ebpoìsihn QI ; Ehpo`ri & Ehpo`mh

2. Ebkheshhn QI ; Ebkheshhn Hfunf & Ebkheshhn

]inffi

4. Jhgehjhg Hfunf (JH) & Sbnfhmi`hn ]inffi

6. Eojisi Sbjabrhnthshn Eorupsi (ESE), Eojisi

Yumisih` (EY), Eojisi Ebpoìsihn Nhsionh`,

Eojisi Ebkheshhn,

7. Hsosihsi Hmvoeht, Sbrahnhs, EHMIN, HSINMO,

GISJI, SGQI, Aursh Bdbe

9. Ebmuthhn Abshr Nbfhrh \hghaht83. ]oeo Aueu Frhjbmih, ]oeo Aueu Fununf Hfunf

D O Q J R @ I Q A B Q @ H N F F H N H N

Khnfhn Hnmh `bwhtehn abrith poìtie, gueuj & aisnis, mhphtehn

JHKH@HG IN]BFQI]H\ mbnfhn lhrh abr`hnffhnhn.

NHJH/IN\]HN\I ; ___________________________

BMI\I ; ___________________________

H@HJH] ; ___________________________

___________________________

]B@S/DHW ; ___________________________

]HQID IE@HN

H. IE@HN ABQVHQNH / DR@@ LO@ORQ

8 Gh`hjhn Lovbr Ab`hehnf @uhr : Qp. 12.333.333

8 Gh`hjhn Lovbr Ab`hehnf Mh`hj : Qp. 82.333.333

8 Gh`hjhn Lovbr Mbphn Mh`hj : Qp. 13.333.333

8 Gh`hjhn Mh`hj : Qp. 83.333.333

º Gh`hjhn Mh`hj : Qp. 6.233.333

° Gh`hjhn Mh`hj : Qp. 2.333.333

A. IE@HN HMTBQ]OQIH@

8 Gh`hjhn Mh`hj : Qp. 82.333.333

1 Gh`hjhn ]bnffhg : Qp. 13.333.333

< Gh`hjhn ]bnffhg : Qp. 12.333.333

º Gh`hjhn Mh`hj : Qp. 6.233.333

( Abùj ]brjhsue @iputhn, Sbnuìshn, Doto, Mishin)




Viahwh Gueuj yhnf]brfhmhiehn

Sbnhnfehphn Mr Hei` Jolgthr mh`hj opbrhsi thnfehp thnfhn o`bg j mhri Eojisi

Sbjabrhnthshn Eorupsi (ESE) tbntunyh jbjauht jhth tbrab`h`he. Kb`hs, auehn

sbjhth ebsh`hghn poìsi sbnior Shrthi Foònfhn Ehryh itu, jb`hinehn jbjhnf

ebsh`hghn eo`bed prbsimbn, Jhgehjhg Hfunf, mhn Mbwhn Sbrwhei`hn Qheyht

(MSQ).

\bkhe hwh` Jhgehjhg Eonstusi miabntue, ebfh `bjahfh ini (prbsimbn, JH, mhn

MSQ) jbjiìei ghe jbnunkue whei`nyh untue jbnkhmi gheij eonstusi. Mhri sini`hg

ebebìruhn abrhwh`.

\bahfhi Ebtuh JE, Hei` Jolgthr shht ini sbmhnf jbrhthpi ebsh`hghnnyh hths

nmhehnnyh yhnf tb`hg jbjauht whkhg pbnbfhehn gueuj mi Inmonbsih jhsue eb

e phìnf eb`hj.

Shjbo yhnf jbnfhthehn gueuj mi Inmonbsih mhpht miabì, sbjhein mhe aish

tbrahnthgehn. Ironis jbjhnf, thpi hphehg ghnyh ehrbnh pbrauhthn-pbrauhthn

orhnf sbpbr Hei` eith jbnkhmi phsrhg mhn abrputus hsh? ]bntunyh mhe. Ahnfsh

Inmonbsih hmh`hg ahnfsh yhnf abshr untue mieorahnehn o`bg oenuj-oenuj yhnf

mhe abrthnffunf khwha tbntunyh ebkhmihn ini sbjhein jbnyhmhrehn eith abrauht

yhnf ahie untue ahnfsh mhn nbfhrh ini.

Jhri eith mueunf einbrkh ESE mh`hj pbjabrhnthshn eorupsi mi jueh auji

Inmonbsih, thnph phnmhnf auù mhn jbnfgueuj jbrbeh mbnfhn sbabrht-

abrhtnyh hfhr jbnijauèhn bdbe kbrh ahfi sihph shkh yhnf jbnfieunyh. Eith hehn

jbnmoronf pbjbrinthghn yhnf abrsig mhn jbnybkhgtbrhehn rheyhtnyh.

Eith kufh jbnmueunf gheij, khesh, mhn poìsi untue jbjpbrahiei miri, tbr`baig

mh`hj rberutjbn lhòn gheij, khesh, mhn poìsi.

Abri`hg phrh pbnbfhe gueuj rbjunbrhsi yhnf ahie mhn sbwhkhrnyh hfhr jbrbeh

mhpht `baig doeus mh`hj pbebrkhhnnyh sbginffh ehsus Hei` Jolgthr mhe tbru`hnf

`hfi.

\ B @ H

Gbnmrie Hryhnto, \GSbjijpin Qbmhesi


majalah integritas november 2013

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