making data meaningful through effective visual presentation
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Making data meaningful through effective visual presentation. 5 th - 9 th December 2011, Rome. Slides courtesy of: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Statistical Division. Who are you talking to?. Tourists Harvesters Miners. clear and simple message. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Making data meaningful through effective visual presentation
5th - 9th December 2011, Rome
Slides courtesy of: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Statistical Division
Who are you talking to?
Tourists
Harvesters
Miners
clear and simple
message
Perception and Symbology – Size/Shape
Perception and Symbology - Colour
Age group Women Men10-14 1.8 4.015-19 13.8 31.520-24 27.0 62.025-29 33.3 92.030-34 36.5 97.835-39 47.5 98.940-44 52.0 98.745-49 62.2 99.250-54 64.1 97.555-59 58.4 97.960-64 42.0 79.465+ 30.6 50.0
Table A. Economic activity rate by age group and sex, Nigeria, 1987 (percentage)
Source: Calculated from International Labour Office, Year Book of Labour Statistics, 1993 (Geneva, 1993), table 1. p.15
Economic activity rate of women peaks about 25 years later than men's
(Nigeria, 1987)
0
20
40
60
80
100
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65+
Age in years
Percentage economically active
Men
Women
Tables, graphs or maps?
Tables Follow a style guide Title, source, headings, footnotes Clear headings Sort data in appropriate order One decimal place Right-justify numbers
Source: Statistics Canada
Final energy consumption by sector - Percentages 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 Transport 27.83 27.94 28.26 31.14 36.85 39.54 39.10 Residential 31.15 33.96 30.41 27.66 24.33 23.73 24.01 Industry 31.59 27.25 23.95 22.12 21.45 19.56 18.85 Agriculture n/a n/a 3.53 3.75 3.12 2.92 2.83 Services 9.63 11.76 14.90 15.58 14.49 14.42 15.35 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Share of total energy consumption, by sector Ireland Percent
Transport Residential Industry Services Agriculture1 Total
2003 39.1 24.0 18.8 15.3 2.8 100.0 2002 39.5 23.7 19.5 14.4 2.9 100.0 2000 36.8 24.3 21.4 14.4 3.1 100.0 1995 31.1 27.6 22.1 15.5 3.7 100.0 1990 28.2 30.4 23.9 14.0 3.5 100.0 1985 27.9 33.9 27.2 11.0 n/a 100.0 1980 27.8 31.1 31.5 9.6 n/a 100.0
Source: Department of Public Enterprise, Ireland. 1 Information on energy consumption by the agricultural sector was not collected until 1990.
Graphics for showing differences between women and men Box plots Stacked bar graph
Mean Age at First Marriage in Selected Countries: Circa 1995
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
BurkinaFaso
China Congo Guatemala Indonesia Japan Mexico Paraguay SaudiArabia
Swaziland UnitedStates
Vietnam
Male FemaleAge
Source: United Nations, 1995.
Mean Age at First Marriage in Selected Countries: Circa 1995
15
20
25
30
35
BurkinaFaso
China Congo Guatemala Indonesia Japan Mexico Paraguay SaudiArabia
Swaziland UnitedStates
Vietnam
Male FemaleAge
Source: United Nations, 1995.
Difference in Mean Age at First Marriage Between Men and Women in Selected Countries: Circa 1995
9.6
2.7
5.1
3.03.7 3.4 3.5
4.2 3.9
2.41.9
1.3
BurkinaFaso
China Congo Guatemala Indonesia Japan Mexico Paraguay SaudiArabia
Swaziland UnitedStates
Vietnam
Difference in years
Source: United Nations, 1995.
Men marry later than women
Difference in Mean Age at First Marriage Between Men and Women in Selected Countries: Circa 1995
9.6
5.1
4.2 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.43.0 2.7 2.4
1.91.3
BurkinaFaso
Congo Paraguay SaudiArabia
Indonesia Mexico Japan Guatemala China Swaziland UnitedStates
Vietnam
Difference in years
Source: United Nations, 1995.
Men marry later than women
What you should avoid…
Don’t distract the reader’s attention
My busy chart
10
25
15
0
10
20
30
A B C
Series1 My clearer chart
10
15
25
0
10
20
30
A B C
Adolescent fertility rate, 2006
0
10
20
30
40
Albania Georgia Greece Hungary Romania Serbia
Adolescent fertility rate, 2006
0
10
20
30
40
Greece Albania Hungary Serbia Romania Georgia
Adolescent fertility rate, 2006
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Greece Albania Hungary Serbia Romania Georgia
avoid using 3D graphs
divorced never married
married
widowed
widowed divorced
never married
married
Avoid three-dimensional charts
Economic activity rate of women peaks about 25 years later than men's
(Nigeria, 1987)
0
20
40
60
80
100
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65+
Age in years
Percentage economically active
Men
Women
Maps Title Legend Scale bar Source Footnotes
Source: E.W. Gilbert as cited in Edward Tufte, The Visual Display of Quantitative Information (1997), p24
Summary Visual presentations are tools to communicate Use whatever is best for the audience and message
Tourists
Harvesters
Miners
clear and simple
message