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Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

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Page 1: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Making Movies

An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie

and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Page 2: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

What is Digital Video?

?

Page 3: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Video that is recorded and transferred

digitally

Page 4: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

What is Digital Video?• Video that is recorded and transferred digitally

• Process is loss less

• Quality is maintained

• Non linear editing

Page 5: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Digital video is a process where there is no deterioration in the video over time and manipulation.

VHS video quality deteriorates quickly when copied or played.

Process is loss less

Page 6: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Quality is maintainedNear broadcast quality of the video can be maintained throughout the process.

If quality were measured on a scale of 1 to 10 with

Streaming Internet video at 1

Broadcast quality at 10

VHS would be graded as 3 and DV would be 9.7

Page 7: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Non linear editing

The major advantage of digital video is that it can be edited in a non linear fashion. Shots do not have to be taken sequentially and additional options can be filmed too.

It is non destructive and edits can be revisited and changes made.

Page 8: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Video Formats

There are a wide variety of video formats available. The main ones we will be using are miniDV and VHS.

Page 9: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Video FormatsMini DV tapes are the smallest of the video formats. They take and maintain crystal clear images because of the nature of a digital format. Editing enthusiasts benefit from Mini DV as well, since copying between two units is done with no quality loss. That means edited or copied video looks and sounds every bit as good as the original footage. Mini DV tapes are available in 30, 60,63 and 80 minute lengths. Digital camcorders have the highest resolution of all the camcorders, starting at 500 lines. The tapes are very delicate so avoid over use or problems will occur.

Page 10: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Video FormatsVHS format has been around for a lot of years. It was not as good as Betamax (Japanese) or Philips 2000 (European) but because VHS originated in America it became the most popular. Most home will have a VHS tape deck. Every time a tape is played there is a tiny loss in quality (eventually the tape wears out). In an analogue editing suite the quality of the end product is reduced by the amount of times the tapes are played. The quality of a VHS tape is 225 (MiniDV is 500).

Page 11: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Video Formats

There are three main TV broadcasting systems in the world

PAL (W.Europe) - NTSC (America & Japan) - SECAM (France)

The UK tv system is known as PAL (Phase Alternating Line)

and plays 25 frames of video per second (FPS)

Page 12: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Quality of Format

PAL Television Screen Resolution is 625 Lines but not all the lines are used for the picture:

Teletext takes up 49 Lines

So the picture you actually see is 576 Lines

VHS is 225 Lines and

MiniDV is 500 Lines

Page 13: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Quality of FormatPictures and graphics have to be a specific size in order that they may be imported into a video editing package to avoid distortion

To resize an image open a new document in Photoshop at the following sizes: width 768 pixels, height 576, resolution 72 pixels per inch and RGB format

Then resize the document to 720 X 576 and save a copy as a PICT file.

Why? Because TV pixels are rectangular and computer pixels are square

Page 14: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Quality of Format

Page 15: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Quality of Format

Page 16: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Quality of Format

Page 17: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

What is Timecode?

It is a way of giving every frame of video a unique identity

It is measured in hours, minutes, seconds and frames

07:34:27:23It is used by editing software for locating specific clips

Page 18: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Custom & PracticeAlways begin with a new tape. Using a ‘blacked tape’ can cause problems when batch capturing in Final Cut Pro

At the start of recording on a new tape always ‘roll camera’ for about a minute before calling action

The tape timecode is not broken if the the tape is stopped or paused

Removing, rewinding and reviewing and switching off the camera will affect the tape timecode: to prevent this always leave the tapehead on a recorded part of the tape

Page 19: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Custom & PracticeRecord for a few seconds before and after action

On a film shoot students should log the tape as shooting progresses.

To keep the MiniDV tape in pristine condition make a VHS copy with timecode burnt in.

Use the VHS copy to create a log and an E.D.L

Students must provide evidence of logging - make it mandatory by stipulating this in the brief and submit the VHS copy as well as a log of rushes and an E.D.L

Page 20: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Why firewire?

It is the transfer of data

No computer needed

Firewire or IEE 1394 = 50 mb/sec

Firewire 2 = 100 mb/sec (backwards compatible)

DV = 3.6 mb/sec

5 minute of DV = 1 gb of memory

Page 21: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Make a VHS copy!

Page 22: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Make a VHS copy!

Page 23: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Make a VHS copy!

Page 24: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Make a VHS copy!

Page 25: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

Make a VHS copy!1. Slide the tape into the DV deck and make sure it is rewound.2. 3 Leads are required: a BNC to phono, and 2 phono-to-phono cables. 3. BNC to phono needs to be plugged into monitor out (bottom left on the back of the DV deck)4. The 2 phono cables need to go into the audio out left and right sockets.5. BNC wants to be plugged into the BNC socket in a VHS recorder. The phono’s are plugged into audio out left and right respectively.6. For a scart plug, plug the BNC into the BNC slot at the back. Plug the two phono’s into left and right. Make sure the scart is set to input. Plug the scart into the input socket in the VHS recorder.7. Connect the TV to the VHS recorder with either the scart plug or the phono cables as explained above. Switch on the VHS recorder and switch on the TV. Make sure the TV is set to AV. 8. Should see a display if the cables have been plugged in correctly.9. On the DV deck select the counter TC setting and have the audio out set to CH 1 & 2. Press record on the VHS recorder and make sure it is recording.10. Press play on the DV deck.

Page 26: Making Movies An introduction to Digital Video, College customs & practices, imovie and Final Cut Pro video editing software

On the computerIdeal scenario:-

Save your project files on the hard disk

Use an external hard drive for video in

Use another external hard drive for render files and scratch disks

Have a lot of RAM installed