making slari a better institution for the 21 st century sierra leone role, expectations of a...
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Making SLARI a better institution for the 21st Century Sierra Leone
Role, expectations of a Research ScientistSLARI Retreat, 26-28 October, 2015
J.B.A. WhyteTechnical advisor - SLARI
IITA Country Representative
Scientist
A person who is engaged in systematic activity of applying scientific methods to acquire expert knowledge in a field of science. The person may be an expert in one or more areas of science.
(Agricultural) Research Scientist Devotes him/herself to doing agricultural related research Knowledgeable in agricultural development issues
Global - UN’s Millennium Development Goals Regional - AU’s Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development
Programme (CAADP) Sub regional - ECOWAS’ Regional Agricultural Policy (ECOWAP) National - National Sustainable Agriculture Development Plan
(NSADP)
Value Chain Focus
- Production- Processing- Value Adding- Marketing
Value Chain Focus
- Production- Processing- Value Adding- Marketing
SLARI’s strategic objective/purpose
Objective: Enhance sustainable productivity, commercialization and competitiveness of the agricultural sector
Purpose: Generate and promote innovative agricultural technologies and empower stakeholders
NARC purpose delivery Appropriate product value chains technologies and
innovations generated and promoted. Appropriate markets and marketing strategies for
enhancing product value chains developed and promoted.
Appropriate policy options for enhancing value chains facilitated and advocated.
Capacity for implementing value chains research strengthened.
Appropriate mechanisms for managing, sharing and up scaling knowledge, information and technologies established and operationalized.
National Agricultural Research for Development System Ministries and allied Departments and Agencies Provincial, District and Local authorities Sierra Leone Chamber for Agribusiness Development International and local NGOs, FBOs National Farmers’ Associations Private sector actors (input, output and financial institutions) Value Chain Actors and Consumers Agricultural Research Institutions, Universities, and allied institutions
Multi sectorial, Multi institutional, Multi disciplinary, Consultative, Participatory
Collaborative Partnerships
Economic Development Model
Increased Purchasing
Power
Improved Human Capital
Better Practices
Better Technology
Effective Market
Demand for Ag
Production
Supply Side Factors:
ProductivityQuality
IncreasedEfficiency
Increased Income
Enterprises and
Services=
Income IncomeEnterprises
Jobs
Increased Income
IncreasedIncome
Increased Income
Increased Income
Consumers
Producers
Su
pp
ly
De
ma
nd
FarmersProducersBusiness
Associations
Inputs andTechnologySuppliers
BuyersAssemblers
Traders
TransportersStorage
Providers
IntermediateProcessors/
Handlers
Value added Processors/Exporters/
Importers
Final Distributors/Retailers
Business Model
Porter’s Competitiveness
Domestic/Regional Context for Competition(National/Regional
Agribusiness Strategies)
Market Factors
Core group of domestic, regional
and continental buyers
Quality/standards/certification
Local demandserving regional and continental markets
Factor (input)Conditions
Quantity Cost
Quality
(physical, human andknowledge
resources, infra-structure, financial
and socialcapital)
Related and Supporting Clusters/Institutionsresearch institutions – input suppliers – financial services –
business associations – private/public partnerships
Program develops a framework that encourages
appropriate forms of investment and competition
in target products and derivative in food, feed and
industry.
Competitiveness Model
Agricultural development domains: unique geographic areas with similar agro-ecological conditions (agricultural potential), population density, and distance to markets (market access) across a country or region.
• Agricultural potential• Population• Market access
LowMedium
High
Crop domains: gradients in potential for the production of a commodity when biophysical requirements for a crop are interpolated on socio-economic drivers for agricultural intensification and diversification
LowMedium
High
Framework of Value Chain Analysis
Chain Governance
Value Chain Actors
Value Chain Performance
(Financial) support services
Infrastructure
Research
Extension
(Inter) national policies and regulations
External Chain Stakeholders
ResourcesAdded Value
Distributed Benefits
EFFECTIVENESS :
Quality
Targets
EFFICIENCY:
Profitability
Lower Transaction costs
IMPACT:
Food security
Income
Gender Equity
Distribution Value
Added (i)
Access to market (ii)
SUSTAINABILITY:
Partnership
Natural Resources
Bio-diversity
Input supply
Production
Processing
International consumption
Marketing and trade
Local/national Consumption Export
Capacity building
Drivers of growtho Science and technologyo Markets and tradeo Value chain stakeholders organizationso Human and institutional capacityo Infrastructureo Sound environmental managemento Gender/Youth empowermento Policy
Value Chain Focus
- Production- Processing- Value Adding- Marketing
Infrastructural Innovation
TechnologicalInnovation
InstitutionalInnovation
IAR4D, Technology Generation and Innovation
Innovation Platform
• Research Themes
Productivity
Market
Policy
Product Development
Natural Resource
management
Nutrition
• Gender
Socio-economic Benefits
Capacity building/In-country training courses Value chain and innovation platform concepts in
IAR4D Gender and nutrition in value chain development GIS mapping Database development Statistical/biometric/socio economic analysis Policy Analysis Matrix Bankable proposal development Monitoring, evaluation, ex-ante/ex-post impact
analysis Technical report writing for different audiences
Goal (impacts)
Outcomes
Outputs
Activities
Inputs
* Long-term, widespread improvements in society
* Intermediate effects of outputs on target areas and populations
* Concrete products and services produced
* Tasks personnel undertake to transform inputs into outputs
* Financial, human and material resources
www.iita.org
“Impacting” Factors Infrastructures Human capital (education, information, and health) Technological changes Institutional changes Policy changes
“Impacted” outcomes Behavioral Outcomes (adoption, input demand, output
supply, consumption demand) Efficiency outcomes (technical, allocative, economic, profit) Welfare and Equity Outcomes (Health and Nutrition, Poverty,
Equity, Social welfare) Resource and Environmental outcomes (soil fertility and
erosion, deforestation, Human health hazards)
Research for Development
• Identification of researchable issues• Planning and design• Implementation• Monitoring and Evaluation• Impact assessment
Development and survival of value chain
• promoters (development organizations, etc.) • supporters (consulting firms, trainers, technical advisors, financial
services providers, business development services providers)• actors (private sector firms driving the value chain) • policy makers (ministries, departments and agencies)
If key components of chain are ahead or behind schedule it is quite possible that the supply chain will fail
Partnerships - models of collaboration• Ability to deliver tangible improvements in services or economic
goods • Enable needs expression• Build dialogue with other groups and institutions which may offer
complementary objectives and resources • Inspire groups to work together in support of own (and mutual)
development
Establishing partnerships
• Why a partnership is being established• What each partner seeks to gain from such collaboration• What it is likely to achieve
Risk factor: lack the resources, incentives and structures to achieve long term sustainability
Effective functioning of partnership: needs analysis • An estimation of the costs that each partner is able and willing to commit• An audit of the skills which each partner brings, including overlapping or duplicated skills• An outline plan for the strategic development of skills to meet the partnership’s evolving
needs
• Realistic and workable objectives• Definition of remit and input required from each member of the partnership• Clear boundaries with robust and transparent governance structures and communication
systems• Conflict resolution• Each partner’s ‘moving-on strategy’
Periodic evaluation and review of partnerships• Monitor the performance of the partnership • Inform and directly feed into the partnership process • Create a learning and developmental system that supports rather
than judge it
Types of partnerships
• Technical inputs: linkages with the national, sub-regional agricultural research organizations, Universities and Advanced Research Institutes – public goods
• Links with economic stakeholders will include producers, packers, processors, traders, distributors, retailers, and input, equipment and service suppliers – financial implication
• Services rendered by the non-economic stakeholders - national ministries, agencies and specialized institutions and the general public - request as needed
Adoption within a value chain system
• Markets, institutions, policy, technologies• Improvement in structure, conduct and performance
• Farmer adoption of external inputs
o integrate and adopt different types and levels of production factors based on their vulnerability, risk and asset
o effectiveness, availability, prices, volumes required and the technical capacity to use them efficiently
o effectiveness of supporting institutions, the quality of infrastructure and the performance of stakeholders within the given commodity chain
o natural resources base, level of risk (rainfall, price variation), availability of cash or farm credit (to buy inputs), and market options for farm products.
Expectations Government and the People of the Republic of Sierra Leone –
Economic development Ministries and allied Departments and Agencies – Food, nutrition
and income security Value Chain Actors and Consumers – Redress constraints along
segments of value chain; Business development; Access to available, affordable, nutritious, quality, safe food
Agricultural research institutions, Universities, and allied institutions – Contribute to institutional missions
Research Scientistso Infrastructure – Laboratories, Fields, Housingo Finance oPersonal development – Publications/Emoluments
Thank you