maldives write up

8/10/2019 Maldives Write Up

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Report on HDI of Maldives

Submitted to:Prof. Anil Kanungo

Submitted by: Group 4

Anadi Goel (139)

Abhishek Agrawal (141)

Akarsh Sasanapuri (142)

Anki !a"pai (143)

An#ol Gro$er (144)

Palak %ehra (1&')


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he se,ond *< for he %aldi$es has been prepared 13 ears afer he firs %aldi$es*< was published/ in 21. he firs naional *< ook so,k of he progress re,ordedb he ,ounr and highlighed ha people li$ing in he %aldi$es are $ulnerable o #aneernal fa,ors in,luding s#all si-e of populaion and land area/ phsi,al $ulnerabili/s,ar,i of land based resour,es/ geo=phsi,al ,onsrains/ populaion dispersion and

go$ernan,e. he repor re,o##ended epanding assisan,e beond he ,apial/ %al? o heislands/ in$esing in ,hildren/ gi$en ha ,hildren and ouh a,,oun for 44 per ,en of he

populaion and enlarging e#plo#en possibiliies ha #ee he aspiraions of he growingouh. :her fo,us areas ha were idenified were #anaging he en$iron#en and nauralresour,es and esablishing responsi$e go$ernan,e in he %aldi$es in,luding an effi,ienad#inisrai$e sse#/ greaer people@s pari,ipaion and i#pro$ed a,,ess o "usi,e.

Sin,e he publi,aion of he firs *< #ore han a de,ade ago/ he %aldi$es has re,orded#a"or gains and progress in hu#an de$elop#en indi,aors in,luding in edu,aion/ healh ande,ono#i, opporuniies. Pari,ularl i#pressi$e ha$e been he gains in uni$ersali##uni-aion and pri#ar s,hooling. his period winessed a #a"or o$erhaul of he

,ounr@s go$ernan,e sru,ure wih he iniiaion of de#o,rai, ransiion in 25. hede,ade winessed #a"or sho,ks o he ,ounr in,luding he suna#i in *e,e#ber 24/whi,h highlighed he ,ounr@s phsi,al and e,ono#i, $ulnerabili o naural disasers. heglobal e,ono#i, downurn in 29 furher de#onsraed he ,ounr@s e,ono#i, $ulnerabilio eernal sho,ks/ gi$en is dependen,e on a narrow base of ouris#. he ,ounr has seen#a"or so,ial ,hange o$er his period wih urbani-aion/ eplosion of ouh populaion andune#plo#en/ for insan,e/ ,onribuing o in,reasing drug use/ ,ri#e and $iolen,e.

he naional=le$el u#an *e$elop#en +nde (*+) for 212/ shows ha he %aldi$esranks in he #ediu# hu#an de$elop#en ,aegor/ wih a $alue of .'55. Bro# 2 o212/ %aldi$es eperien,ed an a$erage annual in,rease of 1.2' poins in he *+/ posiioning

he ,ounr a nu#ber 14 ou of 15& ,ounries (for whi,h he *+ is ,al,ulaed). his $aluepus he %aldi$es abo$e he a$erage $alue of .'4 for ,ounries in he #ediu# hu#ande$elop#en group and abo$e he a$erage $alue of .665 for ,ounries in Souh Asia. hilehe o$erall gains in hu#an de$elop#en a he naional le$el are i#pressi$e/ he #ask$arious underling ine0ualiies.

A Deade of !ransformation

*uring he 21 = 21 period/ he G*P in,reased subsaniall fro# 7S; .5 billion o 7S;2.2 billion wih an i#pressi$e a$erage per ,apia G*P growh rae of &.3 per,en4. he grossnaional in,o#e (G+) per ,apia al#os doubled and now sands a 7S; &/'9. his

perfor#an,e ,o#es despie wo #a"or eernal sho,ks o he e,ono#/ whi,h in,ludes he

suna#i ha sru,k on 2' *e,e#ber 24 and he global finan,ial ,risis ha began in 25.!oh hese e$ens resuled in negai$e growh for he %aldi$es in he ears ha followed/ in26 and 29 respe,i$el. he ouris#=dependen e,ono# de#onsraed resilien,e in heafer#ah of hese e$ens and growh was resored wihin a ear. owe$er/ in re,en ears/he %aldi$es has been sruggling wih ,rii,al #a,roe,ono#i, i#balan,es resuling fro#epansionar fis,al poli,ies and fas growing deb le$els while growh raes ha$e sloweddown fro# & per,en in he pre,eding wo ears o 3.4 per,en during 212.


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So,ial indi,aors in he %aldi$es ha$e shown signifi,an i#pro$e#ens in he las de,ade.he %aldi$es has #e fi$e of he eigh %illenniu# *e$elop#en Goal (%*G) arges aheadof he agreed i#eline of 216 and has been labelled as a C%*G plus@ ,ounr/ showing

poenial o go beond he agreed %*G arges. he %aldi$es lags behind on %*G 3 =Pro#oing Gender 80uali and 8#power o#en/ %*G & D 8nsuring 8n$iron#enalSusainabili and %*G 5 D Global Parnership for *e$elop#en. *uring he en=ear period21 o 211/ life epe,an, a birh in,reased fro# &.2 ears o &2.5 ears for #en andfro# &.& o &4.5 ears for wo#en&. hild sur$i$al has i#pro$ed signifi,anl wih he+nfan #orali rae (+%


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for #ore han half of he oal ,onsu#pion. Publi, ser$ans represen one=hird of hedo#esi, labour for,e. he fis,al a,,ouns of he Go$ern#en of he %aldi$es ha$e unilre,enl been ,hara,eri-ed b a re$enue ha is largel li#ied o i#por duies/ ouris bed=nigh a and a bank profi a. on=a re$enues ha$e been do#inaed b profi ransfersfro# S:8s/ and b resor lease ren.

Steps !a"en by #overnment

oi,eable i#pro$e#ens ha$e been seen in redu,ing +nfan %orali


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A greaer ,hallenge for furher redu,ion in infan #orali now lies wih redu,ing neonaaldeah rae. +n 212/ neonaal deahs a,,ouned for '' of infan deahs. %ore i#poranl in212/ &6 of he neonaal deahs ook pla,e wihin he firs week of life. + has o be noedha a good nu#ber of hese are pre#aure birhs and babies born wih ,ongenial ano#aliesin,luding ,ongenial hear defe,s and neural ube defe,s. han,es of sur$i$al of so#e of

hese pre#aure infans #a no be possible if an appropriae neonaal inensi$e ,are orresus,iaion #easures are no a$ailable in #os of he healh fa,iliies. +F drug use a#ong#ohers is a#ong one fa,or ha aribue o preer# birhs and sepsis a#ong neonaes. hego$ern#en is ,urrenl working on i#pro$ing he neonaal ,are a he regionalHaollhospials and healh ,ener wih esablish#en of eonaal +nensi$e are 7nis and eonaalare fa,iliies and raining saff on pro$iding hese ser$i,es. Ee$el +++ +7 fa,iliies ha$e

been esablished a he ,enral referral hospial/ +G%/ wih addiional ser$i,es beingpro$ided.

+#pro$e#ens in #aernal healh are e$iden b he redu,ion in #aernal #orali o$er heears. hough he rae of de,line in #aernal #orali was no as fas as ha of he ,hild

#orali/ #aernal #orali raio also seadil de,lined. +n=deph re$iew of #aernal deahswas iniiaed in he ear 199& o idenif and fo,us iner$enions in redu,ing #aernal deahs.8#ergen, obseri, ,are (8#:) a aoll le$el was srenghened. +n order o pro$ide,o#prehensi$e 8#: in all he aolls/ he aoll le$el healh ,enres were upgraded o Aollospials wih ,o#prehensi$e 8#: fa,iliies. +nsiuional deli$eries were en,ouraged andhe phasing=ou of he ser$i,es of he radiional birh aendans wih lile or no raining wereseen o bring posii$e ou,o#es on redu,ing #aernal #orali.

he %*G arge of %%< o be rea,hed b 216 was 126 per 1/ li$e birhs fro# hehigh rae of 6 per 1/ li$e birhs in he ear 199.he ealh %aser Plan argeed%%< o fall o below 6 b 216. %%< fell seadil sin,e he beginning of he las de,ade.

Alhough an in,reasing rend was seen fro# 2& o 21/ he %%< has fallen o he lowesre,orded rae of 13 per 1/. + should be noed ha flu,uaions are pro#inen due o hes#all populaion of he %aldi$es leading o a s#aller deno#inaor in ,al,ulaing he %%

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