male reproductive system - mt. san antonio college
TRANSCRIPT
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MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Human Anatomy
Unit 3
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Male Reproduc6ve System
• Gonads = testes – primary organ responsible for sperm produc6on
– development/maintenance of secondary sex characteris6cs
• Gametes = sperm
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Male Reproduc6ve System
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Anatomy of the Testes
• Tunica albuginea • Seminiferous tubules
– highly coiled – sealed by the blood tes6s barrier
– Site of sperm produc6on
• located in tes6cular lobules
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Anatomy of the Testes
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Histology of the Testes
• Inters66al cells of Leydig – Inters66al endocrinocytes
– Located between seminiferous tubules
– testosterone • Sertoli cells
– Nursing cells or sustentacular cells
– form the blood tes6s barrier
– support sperm development
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Development of Sperm
• Sperm formed by two processes – meiosis
• Cell division resul6ng in cells with gene6cally varied cells with only one complete set of DNA (remember…our cells have two complete sets!)
– spermatogenesis • morphological changes as
sperm develop in tubule system
• 64 days in humans
– Can survive 3 days in female reproduc6ve tract
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Development of Sperm
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The Long and Winding Road…
• Seminiferous tubules
• Rete tes6s • Epididymis • Vas deferens
• Ejaculatory duct • Prosta6c urethra • Membranous urethra
• Penile urethra
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The Epididymis
• Sperm “swim school” • Comma shaped organ that arches over the posterior and lateral side of the tes6s
• Stores spermatozoa un6l ejacula6on or absorp6on
• Sperm stored for up to 2 weeks
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Vas Deferens
• Extends from the epididymis • Passes posterior to the urinary
bladder • Meets the sperma6c blood
vessels to become the sperma6c cord
• Enters pelvis through the inguinal canal
• Ampullae of the vas
• Passes into the seminal vesicles to form the ejaculatory duct
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Vas Deferens
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Seminal Vesicles
• Bilateral • Located on the posterior/inferior aspect of the urinary bladder
• Produce 60% of semen
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Prostate
• Located inferior to the urinary bladder
• Surrounds the prosta6c urethra
• Size and shape of a chestnut
• Secretes about 1/3 of semen
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Bulbourethral (Cowper’s)Gland
• Located inferior to the prostate and superior to the penis
• Secretes an alkaline substance prior to ejacula6on
• Neutralizes acid from urine
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Penis
• Erec6le 6ssue – cavernous 6ssue that becomes engorged with blood during erec6on
• Corpus spongiosum – surrounds the penile urethra
• Corpora cavernosa (2) – located on the dorsal aspect of the penis
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Penis
• Glans – enlarged 6p of the penis
• Prepuce – cuff of loose skin that covers the glans
– removed during circumcision
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Scrotum
• Thin sac of skin – superficial fascia and smooth muscle
– dartos – holds the testes outside of the body
• Reduced temperature aids in development of sperm
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Cremaster Muscle
• Skeletal muscle fibers extending from the internal oblique muscle
• Responsible for eleva6ng the tes6s
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Tunica of the Tes6s
• Tunica vaginalis – outpouching of the peritoneal cavity
– a serous sac • Tunica albuginea
– the fibrous capsule of the testes