mammals phylum-chordata class-mammalia dan meyers bryce wilson
TRANSCRIPT
MammalsMammalsphylum-Chordataphylum-Chordataclass-Mammaliaclass-Mammalia
Dan MeyersDan Meyers
Bryce WilsonBryce Wilson
Mammals live almost everywhereMammals live almost everywhere>most live on land>most live on land
>>forests>>forests
>>deserts>>deserts
>>fields>>fields
>>urban areas>>urban areas
>some live in the sea>some live in the sea
They are very versatileThey are very versatile>some can swim>some can swim
>some can fly>some can fly
DIETDIET>Mammals diets vary with time/seasons>Mammals diets vary with time/seasons
>Diet preferences/nutritional requirements vary>Diet preferences/nutritional requirements vary
DIFFERENT_DIETSDIFFERENT_DIETS>Omnivore>Omnivore
>>Meat and Plants>>Meat and Plants
>Herbivore>Herbivore
>>Plants only>>Plants only
>Carnivore>Carnivore
>>Meat only>>Meat only
DIET_ADAPTATIONSDIET_ADAPTATIONS>Herbivores can survive on few different plants>Herbivores can survive on few different plants
>Herbivores can digest what man cannot>Herbivores can digest what man cannot
SPECIALIZED_DIETSPECIALIZED_DIET>Koalas eat only eucalyptus leaves>Koalas eat only eucalyptus leaves
>3-toed sloth eats only the >3-toed sloth eats only the cecropiacecropia palmatapalmata (a mulberry (a mulberry like plant)like plant)
HIGH RATEHIGH RATE>They can digest 10x as >They can digest 10x as much food as reptiles of much food as reptiles of the same sizethe same size
SPECIALIZED TEETHSPECIALIZED TEETH>stronger jaw>stronger jaw
>canines for cutting>canines for cutting
>molars for grinding>molars for grinding
SPECIALIZED_STOMACHSSPECIALIZED_STOMACHS>Meat eaters>Meat eaters
>>shorter digestion, shorter intestines>>shorter digestion, shorter intestines
>Plant eaters>Plant eaters
>>longer digestion, long intestines>>longer digestion, long intestines
ex.-cows have a four chambered stomachex.-cows have a four chambered stomach
DIGESTION_EXPLAINEDDIGESTION_EXPLAINED>Watch this video on digestion and nutrient exchange>Watch this video on digestion and nutrient exchange
LIVER
>Blood circulates through liver and is cleaned
KIDNEY
>Blood gets cleaned again by kidney
>maintains and restores important compounds
BLADDER
>Waste in form of urea moves to bladder
>Waste is excreted from the body
SKELETONSSKELETONS>vertebrae>vertebrae
>>spine allows side to side/vertical movement>>spine allows side to side/vertical movement
SHOULDER/PELVIC GIRDLESSHOULDER/PELVIC GIRDLES>The shoulder/pelvic girdles are the systems of bones in the >The shoulder/pelvic girdles are the systems of bones in the pelvic and shoulder regions.pelvic and shoulder regions.
>complex shoulder and pelvis allows more movement>complex shoulder and pelvis allows more movement
RESPIRATORY_SYSTEM>Inhale
>>diaphragm and muscles in chest expand lungs
>Oxygen moves into blood through alveoli-CO2 leaves blood
CIRCULATORY_SYSTEM>Oxygen rich blood circulates through body
>>oxygen moves into muscles
>CO2 leaves muscles and moves into blood
>>CO2 rich blood moves to lungs and leaves body
ADAPTATIONS>Mammals have adapted better developed diaphragms and alveoli
SIMILARITIES_TO_OTHER_MAMMALSSIMILARITIES_TO_OTHER_MAMMALS
>Medulla Oblongata>Medulla Oblongata
>>controls breathing, heart, and unconscious >>controls breathing, heart, and unconscious systemssystems
>Cerebellum>Cerebellum
>>controls movement>>controls movement
DIFFERENCES_FROM_OTHER_ANIMALSDIFFERENCES_FROM_OTHER_ANIMALS
>Eyes>Eyes
>>specialized for low light conditions>>specialized for low light conditions
>>specialized for light and color>>specialized for light and color
>Cerebral Cortex>Cerebral Cortex
>>well developed for complex actions/thoughts>>well developed for complex actions/thoughts
GENERALGENERAL>Sperm is dispersed in female reproductive tract>Sperm is dispersed in female reproductive tract
>An egg is fertilized>An egg is fertilized
>>An embryo is created>>An embryo is created
MONOTREMESMONOTREMES>The cloaca is the reproductive organ>The cloaca is the reproductive organ
>>Similar to reptiles>>Similar to reptiles
>Eggs are laid>Eggs are laid
>>Young develop in eggs>>Young develop in eggs
>After born, they drink milk>After born, they drink milk
>>In Monotremes, milk come from pores in the skin>>In Monotremes, milk come from pores in the skin
MARSUPIALSMARSUPIALS
>Have very short gestation period>Have very short gestation period
>>Virginia Opossum….......12.5 days>>Virginia Opossum….......12.5 days
>>Marsupial Cat……..........8-12 days>>Marsupial Cat……..........8-12 days
>>Silver Gray Opossum….16 days>>Silver Gray Opossum….16 days
>Young are underdeveloped>Young are underdeveloped
>>They move into mother’s pouch>>They move into mother’s pouch
>>They continue to develop>>They continue to develop
>Young drink milk from mother>Young drink milk from mother
PLACENTAL_MAMMALSPLACENTAL_MAMMALS>Most common>Most common
>The embryo attaches to the wall of the uterus>The embryo attaches to the wall of the uterus
>Young are born fairly developed>Young are born fairly developed
>After birth, they receive milk from the mother>After birth, they receive milk from the mother
Bats control mosquito populationBats control mosquito population
Shamu has been a great source of incomeShamu has been a great source of income
Domestic animalsDomestic animals>Pets>Pets
>Food source>Food source
SIZESIZE>Blue whale(biggest animal)>Blue whale(biggest animal)
>African elephant(biggest land animal).>African elephant(biggest land animal).
SPECIALIZED SKILLSSPECIALIZED SKILLS>fly>fly
>swim>swim
>walk>walk
HAIRHAIR>they have external hair>they have external hair
THEY HAVE A HIGH METABOLIC RATETHEY HAVE A HIGH METABOLIC RATE
THEY HAVE A LAYER OF FAT BETWEEN THEIR THEY HAVE A LAYER OF FAT BETWEEN THEIR SKIN AND MUSCLESKIN AND MUSCLE
THEY HAVE A MORE COMPLEX JAWTHEY HAVE A MORE COMPLEX JAW>allows for specialized teeth>allows for specialized teeth
>>canines for carnivores>>canines for carnivores
>>molars for herbivores>>molars for herbivores
HEARINGHEARING>three bones in inner ear-better hearing>three bones in inner ear-better hearing
YOUNGYOUNG>give birth to live young>give birth to live young
>nurse their young>nurse their young