8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 1/16

MANAGEMENT OF MASS

CASUALTIES

Disaster, Mass Casualty Incident / 

Situation, Majority Incident

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 2/16

Definition of Mass Casualties

General: Situation where the number ofcasualties & severity of injuriesoverwhelms the ambulance or medical

resources available for their treatment.Hospital E.D: A disaster exists when: 

- the number of pts & the severity of

injuries are such that normal daily E.D.operations are no longer possible.

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 3/16

Definition cont’d 

Hospital ED

- the number of patients presenting in agiven time period are such that the E.D.can not provide care without assistance

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 4/16

DESIGNATING AN INCIDENT ASMCS

• Depends on the size, location or type ofthe incident

• Greater than normal response required

Senior police officer

Health service officer Fire service officer

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 5/16

HAZARDS

• NATURAL

• MAN-MADE 

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 6/16

PREPARATIONS FOR MCS

• Major Incident Procedures

•Responding Agencies :

- POLICE

- FIRE SERVICES

- MEDICAL SERVICES- ETC

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 7/16

Preparations

• PLANNING - Participants

- Major Incident Procedure

- ED & scene response• TRAINING - Knowledge, Skills,

- Certification, Drills

• EQUIPMENT/SUPPLIES 

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 8/16

INITIAL RESPONSE

• MCS Alert

• Standard phrases:

MAJOR INCIDENT, STAND BYMAJOR INCIDENT, DECLARED

MAJOR INCIDENT, CANCELLED

MAJOR INCIDENT, STAND DOWN

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 9/16

THE RESPONSE

Site Organization

• Police-----------------Cordon

•Fire services--------Casualty rescue

• Medical Services--Triage, Medical Teams,

Ambulance transport to

hospitals

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 10/16

INITIAL RESPONSE -Hospital E.D.

Preparations• COORDINATION –medical, nurse, administrator

• MOBILISE STAFF

• CREATE SPACE, E.D, Wards

• MEDICAL TEAMS – P1, P2, P3

• TRIAGE - labels

• BLOOD & OTHER MEDICAL SUPPORT• MEDICAL TEAM TO SCENE

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 11/16

TRIAGE

• Sorting of casualties into specific carecategories depending on the number &severity of injuries & the resourcesavailable at that point in time.

• Management of casualties is prioritized

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 12/16

Triage Concept

DO THE GREATEST FOR THE GREATEST NUMBER OF PATIENTS 

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 13/16

TRIAGE

• Use the ABCDEs of care

•Who needs care immediately

• Who can wait for care

• Who is so severely injured that under the

circumstances treatment is futileThe most salvageable patients are managed first, then 

later those least likely to survive.

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 14/16

TRIAGE PRIORITIES

Priority Color Code Category of the Casualty

P1 RED Immediate, Life- threatening injury

P2 YELLOW  Delayed, Can For 1-2 Hrs Or More

P3 GREEN Minimal/Ambulatory, Can Wait For Many Hrs

GREY Or Expected To Die

BLACKRe-evaluate the casualties: triage is continuous, not discrete.

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 15/16

Other Issues

• RELATIVES

•MEDIA

• VIP visits

• STAND DOWN

• DEBRIEFING / THE AFTERMATH

8/3/2019 Management of Mass Casualties

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/management-of-mass-casualties 16/16

 

• THANK YOU FOR YOR ATTENTION