management of the golden apple snail … 3a teo ppt.pdf · golden apple snail pomacea canaliculata...
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MANAGEMENT OF THE GOLDEN APPLE SNAIL
POMACEA CANALICULATA (LAMARCK) IN IRRIGATED RICE
IN SABAH
Teo Su SinAgriculture Research Centre
89207 Tuaran, Sabah, Malaysia
Invasion of GAS in Sabah- early 1990’s- sighted in Keningau- current infested area = 8000 ha
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Biology & Ecology of GAS
- GAS inhabits places with shallow andslow moving water
- polyphagous; vegetal, detrital &animal matter
- wet season active- limited water conditions –
snails aestivate- snail can aestivate underground
> 10 months
Early Infestation
- numerous egg masses
- vegetation covered with pinkishcoloration
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Damage Potential of GAS
- younger seedling more susceptible
- the deeper the water the greater the damage
Damage potential : water depth >seedling age > pest density in the decreasing order
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Management Strategy
- people dimension
- awareness campaign:Research Extension Farmers
GAS Control Measures (IPM)
a. Cultural controlb. Biological controlc. Chemical control*user sensitive approach*
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Cultural Control
- handpicking with herbageattractants
- transplanting 40-day-old seedlings- field draining to ssmc for direct
seeding planting method
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Biological Control
- 5 – 10 ducks / ha
- Wiiliam Siam > Taiwan > Mallard> Peking > Khaki Campbell
- transplanting – 4 weeks
- direct seeding – 6 weeks
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Biological Control
- Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
- African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Ref: Crop Protection 25 (2006) 1004 - 1012
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Management of GAS Breeding Grounds
- drain off water to stop snail activities- duck herding- molluscicides should not be the priority- conserve natural enemies e.g. fish,
insects, spider, birds.
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Chemical Controla. Tea seed powder
- 51 kg/ha under 5 – 7 cm of stagnant water
b. Pellets of metaldehyde 5%- 15 kg/ha
c. niclosamide
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Problems & Constraint
- many farmers mistook GAS as the local snail Pila spp.
- man is the principle agent of dispersal- difficult to stop GAS from spreading,
floods, man activities- farmers may not attend briefing /
dialogue session
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Conclusions
- GAS is now under control- IPM Program is effective- total infested area 8000 ha- GAS invasion is an irreversible
phenomenon- should refrain from chemical control
to conserve natural enemies- continual monitoring of GAS is
essential