management planning laboratory management (theory and practice) group 2 chapter ii ust gs

MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENTPLANNINGPLANNING

Laboratory ManagementLaboratory Management(Theory and Practice) (Theory and Practice) GROUP 2GROUP 2

Chapter IIUSTGS

Group 2Group 2

Atienza, CitadelAtienza, Citadel Dumaoal, Oliver ShaneDumaoal, Oliver Shane Enriquez, MarvinEnriquez, Marvin Potenciano, JoyPotenciano, Joy Ramos, CynthiaRamos, Cynthia Ratac, LesleeRatac, Leslee


Citadel AtienzaCitadel Atienza


What is a Plan?What is a Plan?

This refers to the This refers to the objectives, programs, objectives, programs, policies and policies and procedures that are procedures that are formulated in order to formulated in order to achieve the goals of achieve the goals of an organization.an organization.


What is Planning?What is Planning? It is the most basic of It is the most basic of

all managerial all managerial functionsfunctions

It involves selecting It involves selecting missions and missions and objectives and the objectives and the actions to achieve itactions to achieve it

It is an intellectually It is an intellectually demanding processdemanding process


It answers six basic questions in regard to any intended activityIt answers six basic questions in regard to any intended activity


What?When?Where?Who?How?How much?

Importance of PlanningImportance of Planning

Enables managers to determine goals of Enables managers to determine goals of organization or work groups and develop organization or work groups and develop over-all strategies to achieve themover-all strategies to achieve them

Provides direction and a common source Provides direction and a common source of purpose for the organizationof purpose for the organization


Allows manager the opportunity to adjust Allows manager the opportunity to adjust the organization to the environment the organization to the environment instead of merely to react to itinstead of merely to react to it

Provides a standard for making progressProvides a standard for making progress


Benefits of PlanningBenefits of Planning

The Managers can set goals or objectives The Managers can set goals or objectives ahead of timeahead of time

The enterprise or organization can prepare The enterprise or organization can prepare for anticipated impediments for anticipated impediments

The employees are provided with The employees are provided with guidelines for directing them and for what guidelines for directing them and for what is communicated to themis communicated to them


Marvin EnriquezMarvin Enriquez


Indicators of Poor Planning:Indicators of Poor Planning:

Delayed submission of results/reportsDelayed submission of results/reports Idle machine/sIdle machine/s Insufficient materials (e.g. supplies/reagents)Insufficient materials (e.g. supplies/reagents) Inappropriate machines/equipmentsInappropriate machines/equipments Undistributed workloadUndistributed workload Skilled staff doing unskilled workSkilled staff doing unskilled work Staffs performing test/s outside their area of specialtyStaffs performing test/s outside their area of specialty Quarreling bickering and/or confusions among staffsQuarreling bickering and/or confusions among staffs


Indicators of Good Planning:Indicators of Good Planning:

On-time delivery of results/reportsOn-time delivery of results/reports Machines are in good conditionMachines are in good condition Materials are availableMaterials are available Machines’ specifications are utilized maximallyMachines’ specifications are utilized maximally Distributed workloadDistributed workload Efficient utilization of staffs’ ability/skillsEfficient utilization of staffs’ ability/skills Required trainings are being acquiredRequired trainings are being acquired Harmonious relation among staffs and among Harmonious relation among staffs and among

departmentsdepartments


Cynthia RamosCynthia Ramos


Types of PlansTypes of Plans


1.Purposes or mission1.Purposes or mission

Something one Something one intends to get or do.intends to get or do.

An idea or ideal kept An idea or ideal kept before the mind as an before the mind as an end of effort or actionend of effort or action


Examples of purposesExamples of purposes

Hi-Precision Diagnostic Center company Hi-Precision Diagnostic Center company expressed as “Accuracy is our Policy”expressed as “Accuracy is our Policy”

Phil. Orthopedic Center blood bank Phil. Orthopedic Center blood bank expressed as “To ensure safe and expressed as “To ensure safe and adequate supply of human blood and it’s adequate supply of human blood and it’s componentcomponent


2. Objectives2. Objectives

Pertaining to a goal or Pertaining to a goal or end end

Planning, organizing, Planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and staffing, leading, and controlling are aimedcontrolling are aimed

Without bias or Without bias or prejudice prejudice


Examples of objectives Examples of objectives

Objective of POC “To be one of the Objective of POC “To be one of the government leading blood bank in the government leading blood bank in the Philippines”Philippines”


3. Strategies3. Strategies

A plan or action based on skill in A plan or action based on skill in managing or planning by using stratagem managing or planning by using stratagem (artful) means “to some end”(artful) means “to some end”

General program of action implying General program of action implying commitment of emphasis and resources to commitment of emphasis and resources to attain broad objectives.attain broad objectives.


Examples of strategies Examples of strategies

MBD or massive blood donation twice a MBD or massive blood donation twice a year year

Recruiting voluntary donationRecruiting voluntary donation


4. Policies4. Policies

Statements or understanding which guide Statements or understanding which guide for decision making for decision making

Any act or plan based on such principles Any act or plan based on such principles


Examples of policiesExamples of policies Hired only registered Hired only registered

med.techs med.techs


5. Procedures5. Procedures

Plans that establish a required method of Plans that establish a required method of handling future activitieshandling future activities

Act or method or manner of proceeding in Act or method or manner of proceeding in some process or source if actionsome process or source if action


Examples of proceduresExamples of procedures

Open heart surgery Open heart surgery procedureprocedure


6. Rules6. Rules

Required actions chosen from among Required actions chosen from among alternatives alternatives

An authoritative regulation for action, conduct, An authoritative regulation for action, conduct, method, procedures and arrangementmethod, procedures and arrangement


Examples of rulesExamples of rules

““No return, no exchange”No return, no exchange” ““No fixers allowed here”No fixers allowed here”


7. Programs7. Programs

Plan or procedure for dealing with some Plan or procedure for dealing with some mattermatter

Complex of goals, policies, procedures, task Complex of goals, policies, procedures, task assignment, steps to be taken, resources to assignment, steps to be taken, resources to be employed and other elements necessary be employed and other elements necessary to carry out a given course of actionto carry out a given course of action

Supported by necessary capital and Supported by necessary capital and operating budgets operating budgets


Examples of programsExamples of programs

““Operation Timbang” - Operation Timbang” - Nutrition Surveillance Nutrition Surveillance by DOHby DOH


8. Budget8. Budget Statement of expected Statement of expected

results expressed in results expressed in numerical termsnumerical terms

Plan for adjusting Plan for adjusting expenditures to expenditures to income income

It is also referred to as It is also referred to as a “ numberized a “ numberized program” program”


Marvin EnriquezMarvin Enriquez


Budget C onsidera tions

Form ula te Supporting P lans

C hoose an A lte rnative

Eva luate A lte rna tives

Identify A lte rna tives

C onsider P lann ing P rem ises

O bjectives or G oa ls

Be ing o f O pportun ity


Steps in PlanningSteps in Planning

Oliver Shane DumaoalOliver Shane Dumaoal


Management by Objectives (MBO)Management by Objectives (MBO)

A comprehensive managerial system that A comprehensive managerial system that integrates many key managerial activities integrates many key managerial activities in a systematic manner and that is in a systematic manner and that is consciously directed toward the effective consciously directed toward the effective and efficient achievement of organizational and efficient achievement of organizational and individual objectivesand individual objectives


Early Impetus to MBOEarly Impetus to MBO

Peter F. DruckerPeter F. Drucker

Douglas McGregorDouglas McGregor


Pioneer Background for MBOPioneer Background for MBO

Emphasis on Emphasis on Performance Performance AppraisalAppraisal

Emphasis on Short-Emphasis on Short-Term Objectives and Term Objectives and MotivationMotivation

Inclusion of Long Inclusion of Long Range PlanningRange Planning


Simply put,Simply put,

Manager’s Objectives

Subordinate’s Objectives

Common Objectives

Subordinate’s Performance


ENTERPRISE OBJECTIVE

PLANNING PREMISES

Key result areas

Appropriate organization

Superior’s objectives

Superior’s preliminary

recommendation of objectives for subordinate

Subordinate’s preliminary

statement of objectives

Available needed resources

Agreement

Subordinate’s objectives

Subordinate’s ongoing

performance

Corrective measures and superior’s

assistance

Periodic review of progress by superior

NEW INPUTS

Final performance by subordinate

FINAL REVIEW AND APPRAISAL

OF PERFORMANCE

Re

cycl

ing

May affect

May affect

Ma

y affe

ct

Benefits of MBOBenefits of MBO

Improvement of Improvement of managingmanaging

Clarification of Clarification of organizationorganization

Encouragement of Encouragement of personal commitmentpersonal commitment

Development of Development of effective controlseffective controls


Weaknesses of MBOWeaknesses of MBO Failure to teach the Failure to teach the

philosophy of MBOphilosophy of MBO Failure to give guidelines Failure to give guidelines

to goal settersto goal setters Difficulty in setting goalsDifficulty in setting goals Emphasis on short-run Emphasis on short-run

goalsgoals Danger of inflexibilityDanger of inflexibility


Factors Affecting Laboratory PlanningFactors Affecting Laboratory Planning

Past ExperiencePast Experience



Market PotentialMarket Potential


Tingloy Island, Batangas


CompetitionCompetition



Hospital and Laboratory RelationsHospital and Laboratory Relations



Regulatory and accrediting agencyRegulatory and accrediting agency


Medical TrendsMedical Trends



Socio-political trendsSocio-political trends


Joy PotencianoJoy Potenciano


Differentiate strategic planning and tactical planning

What is strategy?

* from the Greek word, strategia meaning “generalship” (Fred Nichols 2000)

*art of distributing and applying military means to fulfill the ends of policy.

*that which top management does, that is with great importance to the organization (G. Steiner)


*Strategic Planning *conceptual, deals with the sweeping what to do.

*concerned with the identification of the mission and of those objectives

that will permit its most efficient pursuit.

*to be effective, it requires an insight into total operational capabilities and a

keen awareness of all opposing forces.

*a function of the upper supervising personnel with serial authority and responsibility vested in the lab director.


STRATEGIC PLANNING IS…

*a decision-making process in which decisions are made about establishing organizational purposes or missions, determining objectives, selecting strategies and selecting policies.

*process of determining a company or establishment’s long term goals and then identifying the best approach for achieving these goals.


* Tactical Planning -implies action and deals with the method (s) for achieving the goals identified in the

strategic planning process.

-requires an operational or technical skill and is generally a logical

responsibility of the supervisor staff.


In designing a lab, who are those involved in the planning? Should a staff be included?

Lab director and staff

Consultants or designer of lab

Architectural firm

Contractor


Leslee RatacLeslee Ratac


Preliminary Considerations in Preliminary Considerations in Laboratory PlanningLaboratory Planning Clients needs and wantsClients needs and wants Possibilities in terms of construction Possibilities in terms of construction Limitations imposed by locationsLimitations imposed by locations Available fundsAvailable funds

Location of LaboratoryLocation of Laboratory

1.1. AccessAccess

2.2. Surounding NeighborhoodSurounding Neighborhood

3.3. Site RestricitonsSite Restricitons

4.4. UtilitiesUtilities


Laboratory Designs ConsiderationLaboratory Designs Consideration Functional Design Functional Design “ “refers to the shaping and conditioning of areas and refers to the shaping and conditioning of areas and

spaces so that various needs and functions of the areas spaces so that various needs and functions of the areas and the users will be fulfilled to the maximum”and the users will be fulfilled to the maximum”

Requirements for a laboratory:Requirements for a laboratory: - enough floor space- enough floor space - sufficient amount for lighting- sufficient amount for lighting - rigid and stable foundation- rigid and stable foundation - right ceilings height - right ceilings height - proper color schemes- proper color schemes


Spatial ConsiderationSpatial Consideration1.1. Functional Narrative Functional Narrative

DocumentDocument

2.2. Type and Tasks of Type and Tasks of movementsmovements

3.3. Volume of activityVolume of activity

4.4. Nature, Structural needs Nature, Structural needs and utilitiesand utilities

5.5. Kinds of instrument and Kinds of instrument and equipmentequipment

6.6. Communication linksCommunication links

7.7. Number of personnel and Number of personnel and staffing pattern.staffing pattern.

8.8. Supply requirementsSupply requirements

Space-Planning Design Space-Planning Design HierarchyHierarchy

1.1. Space must be safe and Space must be safe and healthy.healthy.

2.2. Space must enable their Space must enable their users to perform their users to perform their functionsfunctions

3.3. Design should not cause Design should not cause discomfortdiscomfort

4.4. Design should be Design should be aesthetically pleasingaesthetically pleasing

THANK YOU!!!THANK YOU!!!


management planning laboratory management (theory and practice) group 2 chapter ii ust gs

Documents

practice group

goals of organization

end planning

indicators of good planning

examples of objectives

importance of planning

indicators of poor planning

good conditionmaterials