INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT AND

LEADERSHIP

Trainer / Mohammed Khalid Alhezabe

The Main Topics of Presentation:

1-Definition of management.

2-The Five Management Functions.

3- 14 Fundamental Principles of

Management .

Definition of management:• It is the skill of leading and routing the business group, and planning in

order to achieve the desired goals.

It has the following 3 characteristics:

It is a process or series of continuing and related activities. It involves and concentrates on reaching organizational goals. It reaches these goals by working with and through people

and other organizational resources.

- Planning - Leadership and guidance - Regulation - Controlling and supervision - Development

Five Management Functions:

*PLANNING:

This function is concerned with to expect the future and determine the best ways to achieve the organizational goals.

Planning involves choosing tasks that must be performed to attain organizational goals, outlining how the tasks must be performed, and indicating when they should be performed.

Planning activity focuses on attaining goals. Managers outline exactly what organizations should do to be successful. Planning is concerned with the success of the organization in the short term as well as in the long term.

known as the administrative function that blends human and material resources through designing a fundamental structure for the functions and powers.

Regulation:

which cares about the selection, hiring, training and putting the right person in the right place in the organization.

Employment:

guide and motivate employees toward the organization's goals.

Leadership and Guidance:

the recent administrative function is to monitor the performance of the organization and determine whether they have achieved their objectives or not.

.

Control:

It has the roles played by the manager:.1 -Gather information that measures

performance2- Compare present performance to pre established performance norms.3- Determine the next action plan and modifications for meeting the desired performance parameters.

EXHIBIT 1-4: FOUR FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

1- Division of work. 2- Authority. 3-Discipline. 4-Unity of Command 5-Unity of direction. 6-Remuneration. 7-Subordination of

individual interests to the general interest.

Basic Principles of Management:

8-Centralization. 9-Scalar Chain. 10-Order. 11-Equity. 12-Initiative. 13-Esprit de corps 14-Stability of

tenure of personnel.

*Division of work:*Work should be divided among individuals and groups to ensure that effort and attention are focused on special portions of the task.

*Work specialization is presented as the best way to use the human resources of the organization.

*Authority:*Managers must be able to give order. Authority gives them this right. Along with authority, however, goes responsibility.

*Discipline:

*successful organization requires the common effort of workers. Penalties should be applied judiciously to encourage this common effort.

*Unity of Command:*An employee should receive orders from one

superior only.

*Unity of direction:*The organization should have a single plan of

action to guide managers and workers. The entire organization should be moving towards a common objective in a common direction.

*Subordination of individual interests to the general interest.

*The interests of any one employee or group of employees should not take precedence over the interests of the organization as a whole.

*Remuneration:*Workers must be paid a fair wage for their services.

*Many variables, such as cost of living, supply of qualified personnel, general business conditions, and success of the business, should be considered in determining a worker’s rate of pay.

*Centralization:*This term refers to the degree to which subordinates are involved in decision making.

*Decentralization is increasing the importance. The degree to which centralization or decentralization should be adopted depends on the specific organization in which the manager is working.

*Scalar Chain:

*The term refers to the degree to which subordinates are involved I decision making.

*Managers in hierarchies are part of a chain like authority scale. Each manager, from the first line supervisor to the president, possess certain amounts of authority. The President possesses the most authority; the first line supervisor the least. Lower level managers should always keep upper level managers informed of their work activities. The existence of a scalar chain and adherence to it are necessary if the organization is to be successful.

*Order:

*For the sake of efficiency and coordination, all materials and people related to a specific kind of work should be treated as equally as possible.

*People and materials should be in the right place at the right time.

*Equity:*Managers should be kind and fair to all employees, and should be treated as equally as possible.

*Stability of tenure of personnel:*Retaining productive employees should always be a high priority of management. Recruitment and Selection Costs, as well as increased product-reject rates are usually associated with hiring new workers.

*Management should provide orderly personnel planning and ensure that replacements are available to fill vacancies.

*Initiative:*Employees who are allowed to originate and carry out plans will exert high levels of effort.

*Esprit de corps:

*Promoting team spirit will build harmony and unity within the organization.

*Management should encourage harmony and general good feelings among employees.

Trainees Name/

Abdulaziz Abdurrahman AlotaibiAli Ahmed Mohammed OtaifAhmed Hassan GibranHassan Suleiman GhazwaniAbdulaziz Saleam Almotairi

1. Division of Labor

Work of all kinds must be divided &

subdivided and allotted to various

persons according to their expertise in a

particular area.

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2. Authority & Responsibility

Authority refers to the right of superiors to

get exactness from their sub-ordinates.

Responsibility means obligation for the

performance of the job assigned.

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3. Unity of Command A sub-ordinate should receive orders and

be accountable to one and only one boss at

a time.

He should not receive instructions from

more than one person

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4. Unity of DirectionPeople engaged in the same kind of

business or same kind of activities must

have the same objectives in a single plan.

Without unity of direction, unity of action

cannot be achieved.

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5. Equity Equity means combination of fairness,

kindness & justice.

The employees should be treated with

kindness & equity if devotion is expected

of them.

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6. OrderThis principle is concerned with proper &

systematic arrangement of things and

people.

Arrangement of things is called material

order and placement of people is called

social order.

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7. Discipline Discipline means sincerity, obedience,

respect of authority & observance of rules

and regulations of the enterprise.

Subordinate should respect their

superiors and obey their order.

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8. Initiative Initiative means eagerness to initiate

actions without being asked to do so.

Management should provide opportunity

to its employees to suggest ideas,

experiences& new method of work.

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9. Remuneration Remuneration to be paid to the workers

should be fair, reasonable, satisfactory &

rewarding of the efforts.

It should accord satisfaction to both

employer and the employees.

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10. Stability of Tenure Employees should not be moved

frequently from one job position to

another i.e. the period of service in

a job should be fixed.

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11. Scalar ChainScalar chain is the chain of superiors

ranging from the ultimate authority to the

lowest.

Every orders, instructions etc. has to pass

through Scalar chain.

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12. Sub-Ordination of Individual Interest to common goal

An organization is much bigger than

the individual it constitutes

therefore interest of the undertaking

should prevail in all circumstances.

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13. Espirit De’ Corps It refers to team spirit i.e. harmony in the

work groups and mutual understanding

among the members.

Espirit De’ Corps inspires workers to work

harder.

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14. Centralization Centralization means concentration of

authority at the top level.

In other words, centralization is a situation

in which top management retains most of

the decision making authority.

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