Managing Travel Demand – Managing Travel Demand – Making the Health ConnectionMaking the Health Connection

Results from European Scanning Trip

Presented at:

Healthy Regions, Healthy People

Lake Arrowhead, October 18,2005

European ScanEuropean Scan

International Technology Scanning Program:

Managing Traffic Congestion and Demand

Co-sponsored by: Federal Highway Administration American Association of State Highway and

Transportation Officials National Cooperative Highway Research Program

MTCD Scan Panel MembersMTCD Scan Panel Members Douglas H. Differt, Minnesota DOT

Co-Chair

Wayne Berman, FHWA Co-Chair

Kurt Aufschneider, New Jersey DOT

Lap T. Hoang, Florida DOT

Robert E. Hull, Utah DOT

Ann Flemer, MTC Oakland, CA

Patrick DeCorla-Souza, FHWA

Grant Zammit, FHWA

Eric N. Schreffler, ESTC

MTCD Scan Locations VisitedMTCD Scan Locations Visited

Stockholm

Lund

London

The Netherlands

Cologne

Rome

OverviewOverview

Why manage demand? Scan background Pricing example Highway example Planning example Integrated example Lessons learned

Why Manage Demand?Why Manage Demand?

1. Reduce traffic congestion

2. Reduce automobile emissions

3. Reduce energy consumption

4. Enhance livability

5. Improve health

Topics of Interest for the ScanTopics of Interest for the Scan What are the practices used to mitigate traffic

congestion by managing system demand?

Four key MTCD Scan Topics:– Physical– Operational– Financial and Pricing– Institutional

How are these practices being researched, planned, and applied?

What benefits have been realized through the use of these practices?

Strategies ExaminedStrategies Examined

Range of techniques used to manage demand:– For work trips and employment growth.– For special events, tourism, road reconstruction, etc.– During traffic incidents, emergencies, weather, etc.– For freight traffic.

Use of technology to manage demand. Use of pricing to manage demand. Policies, programs, and research on managing demand. Explored policy objectives, including: congestion,

environment, energy, sustainability, health.

Pricing ExamplePricing Example

Example: ROME

Access Control System restricted cars from entering core, except for residents and permit buyers (€340/yr.); has reduced traffic entering zone by 20% and enhanced access within core

Pricing ExamplePricing Example

Examples: ROME and STOCKHOLM

Restrictions put into place to enhance livability of historic core and to lower auto emissions

Highway ExampleHighway Example

Example: ROTTERDAM

Photo enforcement used to maintain lower speeds (80 kph) on highways in urban areas

Highway ExampleHighway Example

Example: ROTTERDAM

Reduction in speed implemented to reduce localized emissions and noise in adjacent neighborhoods

Planning ExamplePlanning Example

Example:

THE UNITED KINGDOM

School travel plans will be required at ALL primary and secondary schools in the U.K. by 2010 – investing over $80 million in advisors and capital grants

Planning ExamplePlanning Example

Example:

THE UNITED KINGDOM

While objectives are to reduce congestion and improve safety around schools, health benefits are a key aspect of the campaign.

Integrated ExampleIntegrated Example

Example: LUND, SWEDEN

Comprehensive, integrated sustainable transport program (LundaMaTs) implemented, resulting in overall decrease in vehicle travel by 1-2%, effectively “decoupling” traffic and economic growth

Integrated ExampleIntegrated Example

Example: LUND, SWEDEN

Provided individualized travel planning to induce new bus riders and “healthy bikers” who continued using new mode after test

Lessons for U.S.Lessons for U.S.

While demand management techniques are largely implemented in the U.S. to reduce congestion, the air quality and personal health benefits derived from these programs are gaining recognition in Europe

How to Get ReportsHow to Get Reports MTCD Scan report

available in early 2006

FHWA U.S. Demand Management report available at:http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/tdm/index.htm