mandatos formales! ten-hut! in this presentation, you will learn about making commands in spanish. =...
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![Page 1: Mandatos Formales! Ten-Hut! In this presentation, you will learn about making commands in Spanish. = Imperative Mood (advertisements, announcements, informing](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5665b43b1a28abb57c9037a7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mandatos Formales!Mandatos Formales!
Ten-Hut!
In this presentation, you will learn about making commands in Spanish. = Imperative Mood
(advertisements, announcements, informing someone to do something, etc.)
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Commands in English…Commands in English…
… are pretty easy. You just use a base verb form (without a subject, since it’s always “you”) to tell people what they should do:
Stand up! Sit down! Do your homework! Take advantage of the
sale! Come with us!
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Commands in English…Commands in English…
… and what they shouldn’t do: Don’t speak
during a test! Don’t write in
English! Don’t buy that
shirt!
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Commands in Spanish…Commands in Spanish…
… are little more complicated because we have so many ways of saying “you”: Tú: informal, singular Ud.: formal, singular Uds.: formal, plural
However, we will concentrate on the formal commands only.
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Let’s look at a few examples!Let’s look at a few examples!
Hable despacio, por favor.¡Repita, por favor.!Aproveche la ganga hoy.Compren Uds. los zapatos.Usen su tarjeta de credito.No hagan el ejercicio A.¡No se levante Ud.!¡No olividen las ventas!
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Hable despacio, por Hable despacio, por favor.favor.
The speaker is talking to one person.Can you figure out how we got the form “hable”?Take the “yo” form of the present: HABLODrop the –o: HABL-“Hablar” is an –AR verb, so add –E to form the command: HABLE
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Repita, por favor.Repita, por favor.
The speaker is talking to one person.Can you figure out how we got the form “repita”?Take the “yo” form of the present: REPITODrop the –o: REPIT-“Repetir” is an –IR verb, so add –A to form the command: REPITA
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Opposite vowelsOpposite vowels
Think of the verb adding the “opposite vowel”:
AR verbs add an –E.ER & IR verbs add an –A.
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Let’s try a couple!Let’s try a couple!
Comer: ¡______ Ud.!Recibir: ¡_____ Ud.!Ahorrar: ¡_____ Ud.!Comprar: ______ Ud.!Buscar: ______ Ud.!Esperar: ________ Ud.!Vender: ________ Ud.!
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Uds…Uds…
Vengan Ud. hoy mismo!
Right! Just add an –N to the command form when you are talking to more than one person.
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¡No!¡No!
How do we make negative commands in Spanish? ¡No fume! ¡No tome café! ¡No coma tanto!
Right – simply put the word NO in front of the command form.
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Remember, if the first person singular (yo) form is irregular, that irregularity is carried over into the formation of the formal command. Tengan Uds. un buen viaje. (yo tengo)Have a good trip.
Traiga Ud. el dinero. (yo traigo)Bring the money.
Venga Ud. conmigo. (yo vengo)Come with me.
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¿Qué pasa?¿Qué pasa?
Haga la tarea. Hacer > yo hago > -o + -a
Tenga paciencia. Tener > yo tengo > -o + -a
Salga ahora. Salir > yo salgo > - o + -a
Ponga la receta aqui. Poner > yo pongo > -o + -a
Piense bien. Pensar > yo pienso > -o + -e
These verbs follow the same formula: start with the yo form, drop the –o, and add the opposite vowel.
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-car, -gar, -zar-car, -gar, -zar
These verbs spell change in “yo”: Buscar > yo busco > busque Jugar > yo juego > juegue empezar > yo empiezo > empiece Sacar > yo saco > saque
-cir-cirThese verbs spell change in “yo” to –zco: Traducir > traduzco > traduzca Decir > digo > diga
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Mandatos Formales Mandatos Formales IrregularesIrregulares
These verbs are completely irregular in “yo” form because don’t end in “o”. Therefore, they are irregular in the command form:
Ir > voy > vayaEstar > estoy > estéSer > soy > seaDar > doy > déSaber > Sé > sepa
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Stem Change VerbsStem Change Verbs
These verbs take spell change in stem for all forms:e>i (ex: servir > sirvo > sirva
pedir > pido > pida)e > ie (ex: perder > pierdo > pierda
cerrar > cierra > cierre)o > ue (ex: volver > vuelvo > vuelva)
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¡Levántese!¡Levántese!
What about reflexive verbs?¡Levántese! / ¡Pruébese!In affirmative commands, all objects are attached to the end of the verb & an accent is placed on the 2nd vowel from the end. Levante + se Levanten + se
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¡No se levante!¡No se levante!
What about reflexive verbs?¡No se levante! ¡No se siénte!In negative commands, all objects precede the verb. No se levante. No se levanten. No se siente. No se sienten.
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More practice with forming commands.
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Familiar Commands: used with people you know – to give
instructions/directions
The affirmative familiar (tú) commands take the regular Ud. form of the present tense verb: go to tú form and drop “s”
Ex: abrir > abres > abreEx: comprar > compras > compraEx: leer > lees > lee
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Irregular Familiar Commands
decir > di Hacer > haz Ir > ve Poner > pon Salir > sal Tener > ten Venir > ven
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Negative Familiar Commands
Forming a negative familiar command, go to yo form of present tense verb &…
-ar verbs > add –es-er & -ir verbs > add –as
Ex: limpiar > No limpiesEx: beber > No bebas