contents

I. Mango cultivars available in india. II. Shiping and transportation.

Mango cultivars in india 1. Alphonso

2. Amrapali 3. Banglora (Totapuri) 4. Banganpali (Safeda) 5. Bombay Green (Malda) 6. Dusehari (Dashehari) 7. Fazli 8. Langra 9. Rampur Gola 10. Samar Bahist Chausa (Chausa)

1. Alphonso: Most important cultivar of mango having export

potential. It is performing well in the Ratnagiri area of Maharashtra, and to a small extent in Gujrat and

Karnataka. Fruit is of medium in size (250 g.). It has thin skin

with attractive blush on yellow ground. Flesh is firm and of excellent quality. In North India fruit ripens in mid July. TSS ranges between 19-21%. The cultivar is

prone to spongy tissue.

Alphonso

2. Amrapali: It is a cross between Dusehari X Neelum and has

been released by lARI, New Delhi. It is a dwarf and regular bearing cultivar suited for close planting. It is being popularised for its high orchard efficiency. The

fruit size is little smaller than Dusehari, but ripens later than Dusehari. Under Punjab conditions it

rippers in August Fruit has good keeping quality and fruit flavour. The TSS ranges between 18-20%.

Amrapali

3. Banglora (Totapuri): It is the commercial cultivar of South. It is regular

and heavy bearing cultivar. Fruit is oblong, large and necked at the base, with prominent beak. Skin thick, golden in colour, flesh firm and flat in taste, Stone is

oblong and hairy: TSS varies between 15-16%.

4. Banganpali (Safeda): It is a commercial cultivar of south particularly Andhra

Pradesh. Fruits command premium price in North Indian markets due to its earlyness. Fruits remain in the market from March and to July. Trees are of medium in vigour, spreading with rounded top. Fruit size medium to large (300-450g.), beakless. Skin thin and smooth, yellow in

colour, flesh firm and fibreless, good quality fruit. Stone have few hairs all over. Keeping quality is good. TSS

varies between 17-18%. Under Punjab conditions fruits ripen in July.

Banganpali (Safeda):

5. Bombay Green (Malda): It is very popular cultivar of Ganga-Jamuna plains. In

Punjab it is commonly known as Malda. It is heavy bearer with medium-sized fruits of light green colour. Trees are medium to large, spreading and moderately vigorous.

Fruits are beakless with round spex. Skin is medium thick flesh soft, fibreless, yellowish with TSS of 17-18%. Stone is densely covered with small hairs. Fruits ripen from May-July. In Maharashtra it ripens in May and in North India it

ripens in July.

6. Dusehari (Dashehari): One of the most popular cultivar of North India, with excellent quality and size of fruit. It is being cultivated

in south India also. Trees are moderately vigorous, spreading with rounded top. Fruit is oblong with round base. Shoulders are equal and fruit is beakless. Skin is

medium thick smooth, yellow, flesh firm, fibreless pleasant flavour. Taste is very sweet. Stone is medium

covered with fine fibre. It is a regular bearer. Fruits ripens from June-July. TSS 19-20 percent.

Dusheri mango

7. Fazli: This cultivar originated in Bhagalpur area of Bihar. It

spread to North and West Bengal due to its well-sized fruits. Tree is vigorous and spreading. Large-sized fruits with stone heaving little fibre. The fruits remain light

green even at ripening. TSS is 17-18 percent. In Punjab fruits ripen in August. In Bihar it ripens in July.

Fazli mango

8. Langra: Very important cultivar of North India after Dusehari. It originated as a chance seedling in Banaras. Tree is very vigorous and spreading. It is alternate bearer requires more planting distance due to its vigour. Heavy yielder.

Fruit size is medium, light green at maturity. Very strong and pleasant flavour. Stone has fine fibre all over. In

Punjab it ripens in end July. TSS 19- 20 percent.

Langra mango

9. Rampur Gola: This cultivar originated in Rampur (U.P.). Trees are vigorous like Langra. The leaves are narrower than

Langra. It is some what tolerant to frost, hence suited to Punjab conditions. Fruits can be used for pickle purpose

also. Fruits are round in shape, remains light green at maturity. Skin is medium thick, flesh whitish yellow and firm. Stone small in size. Taste is good. Ripens in August.

TSS of pulp 18 percent.

10. Samar Bahist Chausa (Chausa): This is one of the best late ripening cultivar

of North India. It originated is a chance seedling in Malihabad (U.P.). Tree is

vigorous and spreading. It is also irregular bearer. Fruits are of medium size with

equal shoulders, skin medium thick, flesh firm and fibreless. Quality of fruit very

good. It ripens from July to end August. TSS of pulp 19-20 percent.

Samar Bahist Chausa (Chausa):

Temperature Rel. humidity O2 CO2 Suitability for controlled

atmosphere

12.2 - 13.3C 85 - 90% 5% 5% very good

Quality / Duration of storage

To ensure high quality, it is important for the skin to be undamaged. Even the slightest injury would result in rapid spoilage with this very sensitive fruit. Care must also be taken to ensure that the fruit is not overripe, as this would have a negative impact on salability. According to [1], the maximum duration of storage and transport is 14 - 25 days. Attempts have been made to extend storage life by storage in a CO2 atmosphere, with wax coatings and hot water treatment. Given its poor keeping properties, importation of this juicy fruit to temperate latitudes is a very difficult task. Transport is generally by air freight. Particular attention must be paid to postharvest diseases if transport is to be by ship. Where controlled atmosphere transport is used, transport and storage duration may be extended. The following parameters apply in such a case [16]:

2.27 - 2.55 m3/t (fruit crates) [1]

2.26 - 2.83 m3/t [14]

Cargo handling Mangoes are highly pressure- and impact-sensitive and appropriate care must therefore be taken during cargo handling. The cold chain must at all costs be maintained, since the cargo will otherwise spoil rapidly. In damp weather (rain, snow), the cargo must be protected from moisture, as there is otherwise a risk of premature spoilage. Stowage factor

Stowage space requirements

Cool, well ventilated

Segregation

Fiber rope, thin fiber nets, wooden dunnage

Cargo securing

Because of its considerable impact- and pressure-sensitivity, packages of this cargo

must be secured in such a way that they are prevented from damaging each other.

Spaces between packages or pallets must be filled, to prevent slippage or tipping. By

selecting the correct packaging size or cargo ), area module or area module multipleunit (

holds can be tightly loaded (without spaces).

Cargo

EQUIPMENT INTERIOR

DIMENSIONS DOOR OPENING TOP OPENING TARE WEIGHT CUBC CAPACITY PAYLOAD

40' High cube

Container

L:12.056m 39' 6

W:2.347m 7' 8

H:2.684m 8' 5

W:2.340m 7'8

H:2.585m 8' 5

2,900 kg 6,393 lbs 76.0 cbm. 2,684 cu.

ft. 29,600 kg 62,256

lbs.

40' Dry Container

L:12.051m 39' 6 "

W:2.340m 7' 8"

H:2.380m 7' 9"

W:2.286m 7' 6"

H:2.278m 7' 5 "

3,084 kg 6,799 lbs. 67.3 cbm. 2,377 cu.

ft. 27,397 kg 60,401

lbs.

20' Dry Container

L:5.919m 19' 5"

W:2.340m 7' 8"

H:2.380m 7' 9 "

W:2.286m 7' 6"

H:2.278m 7' 5 "

1,900 kg 4,189 lbs. 33.0 cbm

1,116 cu. ft. 22,100 kg 48,721

lbs

20' Open Top

Container

L:5.919m 19' 5"

W:2.340m 7' 8"

H:2.286m 7' 6"

W:2.286m 7' 6"

H:2.251m 7' 4 "

L:5.425m 17' 9 "

W:2.222m 7' 3 "

2,174 kg 4,793 lbs 31.6 cbm. 1.116 cu.

ft. 21,826 kg 48,117

lbs

40' Open Top

Container

L:12.403m 39' 6"

W:2.338m 7' 8"

H:2.272m 7' 5"

W:2.279m 7' 5 "

H:2.272m 7' 5 "

L:11.585m 38"

W:2.162m 7' 1"

4,300 kg 9,480 lbs. 64.0 cbm

2,260 cu. ft. 25,181 kg 57,720

lbs

20' Flat Rack

Container

L:5.702m 18' 8 "

W:2.438m 8'

H:2.327m 7' 7"

2,330 kg 5,137 lbs. 28,390 kg 47,773

lbs.

40' Flat Rack

Container

L:11.820m 38' 9 "

W:2.184m 7 "

H:2.095m 6' 10"

5,260 kg 11,596

lbs. 25,220 kg 55,600

References -http://www.tis

gdv.de/tis_e/ware/obst/mango/mango.htm#anfang

-Using-http://www.mango.org/en/Choosing

Varieties-Mangos/Mango

http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/fruits/mang-climate-area-production-india-in-cultivation-o

24699handling/-fruit-and-harvesting/