manifest destiny in the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. more states and...
DESCRIPTION
In 1800, there were only 387,000 white settlers living in west of the Appalachian Mountains. By 1820, that number grew to more than 2.4 million. –Only a twenty year difference!TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Manifest Destiny
• In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow.
• More states and territories were added to the union. – Remember the country began with the original
thirteen colonies.
![Page 2: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• New states added since the thirteen colonies… – Alabama, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky,
Louisiana, Maine, Mississippi, Ohio, Tennessee
• After the victory in the Mexican-American War the United States also gained…– California, Texas, New Mexico
![Page 3: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• In 1800, there were only 387,000 white settlers living in west of the Appalachian Mountains.
• By 1820, that number grew to more than 2.4 million.– Only a twenty year difference!
![Page 4: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• In the year 1845, a newspaper editor named John Louis O’Sullivan declared that it was the “manifest destiny” of Americans “to overspread the continent alloted by Providence…”.– Many Americans bought into this concept of
Manifest Destiny
![Page 5: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Manifest Destiny: The idea that God had given the continent to Americans and wanted them to settle western land.
![Page 6: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Some Americans headed west for religious purposes, while others were lured west by the chance to own their own farms and make a living.
![Page 7: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Early settlers marked out thei farms on the open lands in the west.
• These pioneers became known as “squatters”.– Squatters: Farmers who settled on land that they
did not own.
![Page 8: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• The government intended on surveying the land and selling large portions to real estate companies.
– But the squatters wanted to purchase the land that they occupied directly from the government
![Page 9: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• In 1830, the federal government gave into the pressure and passed the Pre-emption Act.
– The Preemption Act protected the squatters by guaranteeing them the right to claim land before it was surveyed
– The squatters were allowed to buy up 160 acres of land for $1.25 an acre.
![Page 10: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Traveling out West
• By the late 1840’s, pioneers and ex-mountain men had carved a large number of trails and routes from the eastern states all the way to the Pacific Ocean. – Oregon Trail, California Trail, and Santa Fe Trail
![Page 11: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• The majority of pioneers traveling to the west, made their journeys in covered wagons.– Pioneers would leave their careers, houses, and
sometimes family members behind in the east in order to travel to the west.
![Page 12: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• These western-travelers became known as “overlanders”.
• The overlander trek to the west took five to six months.– The wagons were pulled by oxen and could drive
about fifteen miles a day.
![Page 13: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• The first wagon trains hired experienced mountain men to guide them to their destinations in the west. – Usually retired fur-traders
• But as the trails became well worn, most of the travelers found their own way.
![Page 14: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Overlanders who successfully made it to the west, would often sell or give their guidebooks to new pioneers
• Sometimes the guide books were wrong– An example of this was the Donner Party
![Page 15: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• In 1846, a group of 87 overlanders decided to take a “shortcut” through the Sierra Nevada.– A heavy snow fell during the night and they were
trapped by high piles of snow
![Page 16: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• After 41 of them died of starvation, the survivors were forced to make a decision…starve or resort to cannibalism– Many ate the dead bodies of those who froze
![Page 17: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• Early travelers also feared attacks from Native American warriors.– Stories and rumors circulated through the
overlanders
• These encounters were actually rare though.– By one estimate, 362 overlanders died due to Native
American attacks between 1840-1860
![Page 18: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• The same estimate shows that overlanders actually killed more Native Americans (426).
• In fact, Native Americans would usually offer services to overlanders for supplies and pay
– Manual labor
– Trail Information
– Hunting
![Page 19: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
• As more and more overlanders traveled over the Great Plains, the Native Americans became somewhat alarmed. – Feared that the increasing flow of American settlers
would effect their hunting grounds • The Sioux, Cheyenne, Arapaho, and other tribes relied
on the buffalo for life.
![Page 20: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• The Native Americans made use of every part of their buffalo.– Meat food– Fur Clothing– Hide Shelter (teepees)– Bones tools
![Page 21: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• In an attempt to make peace and prevent violence, the federal government negotiated the Treaty of Fort Laramie in 1851.
– Eight Native American tribes agreed to specific geographical boundaries with the U.S. government.
– The U.S. government promised that these territories would belong to the Native Americans forever.
![Page 22: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The Mormon Migration
• Unlike those who traveled for the West Coast in search for land, the Mormons followed a deeply rooted American tradition. – the quest for religious freedom.
• Remember the Pilgrims and the Quakers?
![Page 23: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
• The Mormon Church later known as the Church of Latter Day Saints, was founded by Joseph Smith in western New York.
– The Mormons were persecuted and migrated from New York, Ohio, Missouri, and then to Illinois.
![Page 24: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
• In 1844, Joseph Smith, the leader of the Mormon Church was assassinated while waiting for trial in Illinois.
• The Church’s new leader Brigham Young, took his people to the west to escape further persecution.
![Page 25: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
• Several thousand Mormons forged their way along a path that became known as the Mormon Trail.
– In 1847, the Mormons stopped at the Great Salt Lake
– The Mormons built a new settlement near the Great Salt Lake.
• Salt Lake City, Utah
![Page 26: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
The Gold Rush
• In 1848, several miners discovered a large amount of gold in the territory of California.
• By the next year, 1849, more than 80,000 people had moved to California in order to pan, dig, mine for gold.– Forty-Niners 1849
![Page 27: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
• The massive migration to California was followed by a lot of problems – No government meant there no law officials present in
the territory.– There wasn’t as much gold in the territory as
expected.• Lots of crime
![Page 28: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
• In order to have law and order, some sort of government needed to be organized
• Californians began to organize and apply for statehood.– But would they be a slave or free state? – Under the Compromise of 1850, California was
admitted as a free state
![Page 29: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Splits within the Whigs and Free-Soilers
• Several months before the Presidential election of 1848, the Whig Party nominated Zachary Taylor
– American military leader• War of 1812, Seminole Wars,
and Mexican-American War
– Born in Virginia
– Slave-owner
![Page 30: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
• Because Taylor owned slaves, many Whigs believed that Taylor was going to attempt to legalize slavery in the new states in the west.
– The Whigs in the North who didn’t approve of Taylor split from the Party
– Became known as the Conscience Whigs
![Page 31: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
• Some Northern Whigs approved of Taylor though.• The majority of the political figures had financial ties to
cloth manufacturers which relied on cotton from the South– They became known as the Cotton Whigs– Supported Zachary Taylor
![Page 32: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
• As the Whig Party suffered an internal split, so did the Democrats in the North.
• And just like the Whigs, it was over a presidential candidate.– The majority of Northern Democrats wanted to
re-nominate the eighth president of the United States Martin Van Buren
– Instead, they nominated Lewis Cass
![Page 33: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
• Because both the Conscience Whigs and the Democrats in the North both opposed slavery, the two groups decided to merge and form a brand new political party.– The Free-Soil Party
![Page 34: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
• The Free-Soil Party opposed slavery in the western territories.– Referred to farmland which was not manned by
slaves as “free” soil
• Although they condemned slavery, the Free-Soil Party wanted to preserve the western territories for farmers.
![Page 35: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
• The Free-Soil party felt that expanding slavery would make it incredibly difficult for free men to find work.– Nominated Martin Van Buren as their presidential
candidate
![Page 36: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Zachary Taylor
• Whig Party Representative Zachary Taylor defeated both Democrat Lewis Cass and Free-Soiler Martin Van Buren
![Page 37: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
• The 12th President• November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850 • Nicknamed, “Old, Rough and Ready”
– Long military career 40 years • Last Whig candidate to win an election • Owned slaves • Second President to die in office
– Died 16 months after assuming office– Succeeded by Vice President Millard Fillmore
![Page 38: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Millard Fillmore• The 13th President of the United States• January 7, 1800 – March 8, 1874 • Second Vice President to succeed a President
due to death• Last Whig President in office• Signer and “Approver” of the Compromise of
1850 and the Fugitive Slave Act• Appointed Brigham Young as the first governor
of the Utah territory
![Page 39: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
• The Compromise of 1850 (popular sovereignty) angered the slave owning states California was declared a free state.
![Page 40: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
• The slave states knew that if California and Kansas came into the union as free states, then Congress would no longer be even.– It would be in favor of the free states–Remember Bleeding Kansas
![Page 41: Manifest Destiny In the early 1800’s, the country as a whole began to grow. More states and territories were added to the union. –Remember the country](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081605/5a4d1bc67f8b9ab0599d4c1a/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
• They also knew that if it ever came down to a vote, then the whole practice of slavery would be deemed illegal. –The roars for southern secession
were getting louder and louder