Standard X

Unit III-Poem

Manliness

• When will you enjoy the real happiness in life?• What are the qualities necessary for a man to

succeed in his life?• What is your aim or future plan?

About the Poet

• Poet : Joseph Rudyard Kipling• Birth : 30th Dec 1865, Mumbai• Award : Nobel Prize in Literature• Books : The Jungle book, Baa Baa Black

Sheep, If etc.,

This poem Manliness is an extract taken from the poem ‘If’ in which a father advises his son, the way to come out as an outstanding citizen.

Dream alone won’t bring success

The poet asks to dream or to have aim in life and not make the dreams overlook him.

Ability to act than the ability to dream

One should not stop with the thoughts or plans to reach the goal .

The thoughts must be put into action.

Thoughts must be activated.

Treat both Triumph and Disaster the same

One should treat both success and failure equally as they are personified as impostors.

Hard work leads to success

• The thoughts or the plans must be actioned whole heartedly with the nerves and sinew.

Nothing is permanent except the willpower

• Due to age, the nerves and sinew may lose power but one should ‘keep up’ the willpower.

Time is precious, Time once lost is lost for ever

One should submit himself to the unforgiving quality of time and should use it worthfully.

One minute is not just, a minute. It is equal to sixty…. Seconds.

One who uses the time perfectly without wasting it, may get the world in his hands.

The poet, through the mouth of the father says

A boy’s dream has an aim, But a man’s dream has determination.

Perseverance

Self-confidence and

Hard work

always lead to

success..

Poetic devices• Anaphora: The repetition of a word or phrase

at the beginning of successive clauses.

If you can dream and not make dreams your master. If you can think and not make thoughts your aim.

• Oxymoron: Prediction of two words or phrases having opposite meaning.

If you can treat with triumph and disaster.

Poetic devices• Personification: Attributing human

qualities on non-living things.

If you can fill the unforgiving minute Time is personified with the human

quality of unforgiving nature. And treat those two impostors just the same

Triumph and disaster are personified with the human quality of deceiving nature.

Poetic devices• Alliteration: The repetition of the consonant

sounds.With sixty seconds worth of distance run.

Rhyming words & Rhyme scheme:

If you can dream and not make dreams your masterIf you can think and not make thoughts your aimIf you can meet with triumph and disasterAnd treat those two impostors just the same.

• Rhyming words: master – disasteraim – same

• Rhyme Scheme: ab ab