manual of structural kinesiologythe hip joint and pelvic girdle9-1 chapter 9 the hip joint and...
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-1
Chapter 9The Hip Joint and Pelvic
GirdleManual of Structural Kinesiology
R.T. Floyd, EdD, ATC, CSCS
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-2
The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
• Hip joint (acetabular femoral)– A relatively stable joint due to
• bony structure: ball and socket joint with a deep socket
• strong ligaments• large supportive muscles
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-3
Bones• Ball & socket joint
– Head of femur connecting with acetabulum of pelvic girdle
– Pelvic girdle • right & left pelvic bone
joined together posteriorly by sacrum
• pelvic bones are ilium, ischium, & pubis
– Femur• longest bone in body• Patella
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-4
Bones
– Sacrum• extension of spinal column with 5 fused
vertebrae• extending inferiorly is the _________
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-5
Bones
• Pelvic bone - divided into 3 areas– Upper two fifths = _______– Posterior & lower two fifths = ________– Anterior & lower one fifth = _______
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-6
Joints
• Anteriorly– Two pelvic bones join to
form symphysis pubis• Posteriorly
– Sacrum is between the 2 pelvic bones & forms the sacroiliac joints
– Strong ligaments unite these bones to form rigid, slightly movable joints
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-7
Joints
• Large & heavy bones covered by thick, heavy muscles
• Very minimal movements occur in sacroiliac joints, as in walking
• Body movements usually involve entire pelvic girdle & hip joints
• In walking, hip flexion & extension occur with pelvic girdle rotation, forward in hip flexion & backward in hip extension
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-8
Joints
• Jogging & running result in faster movements & greater range of movement
• Pelvic rotation increases the length of stride in running; in kicking it results in a greater distance or more speed to the kick
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-9
Movements
• Hip flexion– movement of femur
straight anteriorly toward pelvis
• Hip extension– movement of the femur
straight posteriorly away from the pelvis; sometimes referred to as hyperextension
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-10
Movements
• Hip abduction– movement of femur
laterally to side away from midline
• Hip adduction– movement of femur
medially toward midline
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-11
Movements
• Hip external rotation– rotary movement of femur
laterally around its longitudinal axis away from midline; lateral rotation
• Hip internal rotation– rotary movement of femur
medially around its longitudinal axis toward the midline; medial rotation
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-12
Movements
• Anterior pelvic rotation– anterior movement of upper
pelvis; iliac crest tilts forward in a sagittal plane; anterior tilt
• Posterior pelvic rotation– posterior movement of upper
pelvis; iliac crest tilts backward in a sagittal plane; posterior tilt
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-13
Iliopsoas MuscleExternal rotation
of femur Flexion
of hip
Transverse pelvic rotation contralaterally when ipsilateral femur is stabilized
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-14
Rectus Femoris Muscle
Flexion of hip
Extension of knee
Anterior pelvic rotation
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-15
Sartorius Muscle
External rotation of thigh as it flexes hip & knee
Flexion of knee
Flexion of hip
Abduction of hip
Anterior pelvic rotation
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-16
Adductor Brevis Muscle
Adduction of hip
External rotation as it adducts hip
Assists in flexion of hip
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-17
Adductor Longus Muscle
Adduction of hip
Assists in flexion of hip
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-18
Adductor Magnus Muscle
External rotation as hip adducts
Adduction of hip
Extension of hip
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-19
Gracilis Muscle
Adduction of hip
Weak flexion of knee
Internal rotation of hip
Assists with flexion of hip
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-20
Semitendinosus Muscle Flexion of knee
Extension of hip
Internal rotation of hip
Internal rotation of flexed knee
Posterior pelvic rotation
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-21
Semimembranosus Muscle Flexion of knee
Extension of hip
Internal rotation of hip
Internal rotation of flexed knee
Posterior pelvic rotation
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-22
Biceps Femoris Muscle Flexion of knee
Extension of hip
External rotation of hip
External rotation of flexed knee
Posterior pelvic rotation
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-23
Gluteus Maximus Muscle
Lower fibers assist in adduction
Upper fibers assist in abduction
Posterior pelvic rotation
External rotation of hip
Extension of hip
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-24
Gluteus Medius Muscle
External rotation & extension (posterior fibers)
Abduction of hip
Internal rotation & flexion (anterior fibers)
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-25
Tensor Fasciae Latae MuscleAbduction of hip
Flexion of hip
Tendency to rotate hip internally as it flexes
Anterior pelvic rotation
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The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Manual of Structural Kinesiology 9-26
Six Deep Lateral Rotator Muscles
External rotation of hip
Piriformis, Gemellus superior, Gemellus inferior,Obturator externus, Obturator internus, Quadratus femoris