Mapping and Measuring Development Journalism Xu Xiaoge Nanyang Technological University Singapore Development Journalism: Background Debut in Asia in the 1960s Asia, Africa and South America Facilitating/fostering national development Development Journalism: Studies Explored components of development news Investigated development news coverage Discussed conceptual issues, principles or functions of development journalism Challenges: Indicator & Typology To measure differences: Identify a set of indicators To map different principles/practices: Develop an classification system Indicators (14) (a)Administrative reforms (b)Agricultural development and food production (c)Economic activity (planning, foreign aid, etc.) (d)Education and literacy (e)Employment and labor welfare (f)Family planning (g)Health, hygiene and medicine (h)Housing (i)Industrial, scientific and technological development (j)Mass media (k)National integration (l)Rural and urban development (m)Social change (n)Telecommunication, tourism and transport development Vilanilam, J. V. (1975) Indicators (12) (a)Agriculture/food (b)Consumerism (c)Culture/religion (d)Rural/urban development (e)Education (f)Energy (g)Environment (h)Health (i)Population (j)Science/technology (k)Tourism (l)Women/children/youth McKay, F.J. (1993) Indicators (3) (a)Source (b)Actor (c)Orientation Xu, X. (2008) Typologies (2) (a)Investigative (b)Authoritarian-benevolent Kunczik, M. 1988 Typologies (5) (a)Journalists as nation builders (b)Journalists as government partners (c)Journalists as agents of empowerment (d)Journalists as watchdogs (e)Journalists as the guardians of transparency Romano, A. 2005 Typologies (3) (a)Pro-process (b)Pro-participation (c)Pro-government Xu, X. 2008 A Case Study Manila Bulletin The Jakarta Post Poverty Stories One Month Measuring Indicators Results Concluding Remarks Limited presence Some elements of pro-process but no pro-participation or pro-government Factors to be investigated Future Research Longitudinal studies to identify patterns Compare newspapers, radio, TV, and news websites to locate differences Compare community vs. national, non- mainstream vs. mainstream Future Research Compare different countries where DJ is advocated, promoted and practiced Map, measure and model factors shaping differences