Mapping/Minerals/metamorphic

Review

• Scale relates to actual distance. • Topographic maps and satellite imagery are two-

dimensional models that provide information defining three-dimensional landforms. They contain extensive information related to geographic as well as human structures and changes to the land surface, and are useful in understanding geologic processes.

• Grid systems of latitude and longitude are used to define locations and directions on maps, globes, and charts.

• interpret landforms, water features, map scale, horizontal distance between points, elevation and elevation changes, latitude and longitude, human-made structures and other pertinent features on 7.5 minute quadrangles on topographic maps.

• construct profiles from topographic contours. • use latitude and longitude down to minutes, with

correct north-south and east-west designations, to locate points on a map.

Scale

Satellite

Imagery

Topographical Maps

General Rules for Contour Lines

1.

 Contour lines connect points of equal elevation; therefore every point along a contour line is the exact  same elevation.  

2. Contour lines never intersect. (A point on the surface of the earth cannot be at two

different elevations).  

3.Contour lines never split or divide.

4.

Contour lines always separate points of higher elevation (uphill) from lower elevation (downhill).  

5. Contour lines always close to form an irregular circle.  Note that sometimes contour lines extend beyond the area on a map so you may not see the entire closed circle.  Click the map to see the extended

contour lines.

6. The closer spaced the contour lines are to one another, the steeper the slope.  

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7. A hill is represented by a concentric series of closed contours.

8.

Depression contours are indicated by hachure marks on the downhill side. 

9.

Contour lines “V” upstream when crossing a stream. The point of the “V” points uphill.      

Mapping• Latitude lines go from east to west.

• Equator is 0° Latitude

• Longitude lines for from north to south

• Prime Meridian is 0° longitude and runs through Greenwich England

• The International Date Line is the 180° longitude

Topographic Maps• Contour lines show elevation of land

• Contour index are the dark lines that tell elevation

• The closer the contour lines are the steeper the land

• Depressions use hachure lines that point to the lowers point

Symbols

Bathymetric Maps• Maps that show the

depth of the water

using contour lines

One Down• Astronomy

• Meteorology

• Lots of geology

• And oceanography left………

• Are you ready????????????????????????