maps of the world

8/7/2019 Maps of the World

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Atlantis

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1418 Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) Original -1763 CopyThe New World was discovered by a Chinese admiral named Zheng He, whose fleet

roamed the oceans between 1405-1435. His exploits are well documented in Chinesehistorical records as well as written about in a book which appeared in China in 1418

called The Marvelous Vision of the Star Raft.http://www.sinothaiyouth.com/spotlight/200707/t20070719_563486.htm

1500 Map by Juan de la CosaJuan de la Cosa (c.1460-1509) was a Spanish cartographer, conquistador and

explorer. He made the earliest extant European world map to incorporate the territories of

the Americas that were discovered in the 15th century, sailed first 3 voyages withChristopher Columbus, and was the owner/captain of the Santa Mara.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_de_la_Cosa

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Anglo-Saxon Cotton World Map (1040 A.D.)This map appears in a copy of a classical work on geography, the Latin version by

Priscian of the Periegesis that was among the manuscripts in the Cotton library (MS.Tiberius B.V., fol. 56v), now in the British Library. It is not based on the famous

Ptolemaic co-ordinate system. East is at the top, but Jerusalem is not in the centre, and

the Garden of Eden is nowhere to be seen. Unusually, all the waterways of Africa, notjust the Red Sea, are depicted in red (mountains are green). The depiction of the Far East

is ambitious, including India and Taprobane (Sri Lanka) - the latter depicted according to

the exaggerated classical conception of its size. Unsurprisingly, Britain itself is depicted

in some detail. Great Britain, unusually by medieval standards, is shown as one island,albeit with an exaggerated Cornish promontory, and Mona, Ireland and the many Scottish

islands are all indicated. The cartographer is slightly confused by Iceland, depicting it

both by a version of its classical name 'Thule', north-west of Britain, and as 'Island',

logically linked with Scandinavia.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps#Anglo-Saxon_Cotton_world_map_.28c._1040.29

Babylonian Map (900-600 B.C.)

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A diagrammatic labeled depiction of the known world from the perspective

of Babylonia, the map is incised on a clay tablet, showing Babylon somewhat to the

north of its center; the clay tablet is damaged, and also contains a section of cuneiformtext.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylonian_Map_of_the_World

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Columbus Map (1490)Drawn 1490 A.D. in the Lisbon workshop of Bartolomeo and Christopher

Columbus.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyages_of_Christopher_Columbus

Dunhuang Star Map (700)One of the first known graphical representation of stars from ancient Chinese

astronomy, dated to the Tang Dynasty (618907). Constellations of the three schoolswere distinguished with different colors: white, black and yellow for stars of Wuxian,

Gan De and Shi Shen respectively. The whole set of star maps contained 1,300 stars.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunhuang_star_map

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyages_of_Christopher_Columbushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyages_of_Christopher_Columbushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunhuang_star_maphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyages_of_Christopher_Columbushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunhuang_star_map


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Ebstorfer-Stitch Map (1235)The Ebstorf Map is an example of a mappa mundi (a Medieval European map of

the world) similar to the Hereford Map, made by Gervase of Ebstorf, who was possibly

the same man as Gervase of Tilbury, some time in the thirteenth century. The map was

found in a convent in Ebstorf, in northern Germany, in 1843. It is a very large map:painted on 30 goatskins sewn together, it measured around 3.6m x 3.6m. It represents

Rome in the shape of a lion.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebstorf_Map

Eratostene Map (276-194 B.C.)

Eratosthenes (276-194 BCE) drew an improved world map, incorporatinginformation from the campaigns of Alexander the Great and his successors. Asia becamewider, reflecting the new understanding of the actual size of the continent. Eratosthenes

was also the first geographer to incorporate parallels and meridians within his

cartographic depictions. (1883 Reconstruction)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps

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Finaeus Map (1531)1531 map by French mathematician and cartographer Oronce Fin (Oronteus Finaeus).

Charles Hapgood concluded that advanced cartographic knowledge appears on the PiriReis map and the Oronteus Finaeus map, and must be the result of some unknown and

advanced ancient civilization that developed astronomy, navigational instruments, plane

geometry and trigonometry, long before Greece or any other known civilization.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oronce_Fin%C3%A9

Genoese Map (1457)The map relied extensively on the account of the traveler to Asia Niccolo da

Conti, rather than the usual source of Marco Polo. The author is not known, but is a

more modern development than the Fra Mauro world map, with fairly good proportions

given to each continent. The map also depicts a three-masted European ship in the IndianOcean, something which had not occurred yet at the time.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genoese_map

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Harris Map (2,200 B.C.)

Dr. Hendon M. Harris, Jr. (1916 - 1981) Dr. Harris found the first of the HarrisMaps in an antique shop in Korea in 1972. He immediately located Fu Sang on the map

and recognized the map's connection to the ancient Chinese geography the Shan Hai Jing.

The legendary Fu Sang is right where America should be. The Everything UnderHeaven Map.

http://www.asiaticfathers.com/map.htm

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Hereford Mundi Map (1,300)The Hereford Mappa Mundi is a mappa mundi, of a form deriving from the T

and O pattern, dating to 1300 A.D. It is currently on display in Hereford Cathedral in

Hereford, England. It is the largest medieval map known to still exist.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hereford_Mappa_Mundi

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Hy BrazilBrasil, also known as Hy-Brazil or several other variants, is a phantom island

which features in many Irish myths. It was said to be cloaked in mist, except for one day

each seven years, when it became visible but still could not be reached. It probably has

similar roots to St. Brendan's Island. It appears that as the north Atlantic was explored,the name of Brazil may have been attached to a real place. A Catalan map of about 1480

labels two islands "Illa de brasil", one to the south west of Ireland (where the mythicalplace was supposed to be) and one south of "Illa verde" or Greenland. Expeditions left

Bristol in 1480 and 1481 to search for it, and a letter written by Pedro de Ayala shortly

after the return of John Cabot from his expedition in 1497 reports that land found byCabot had been "discovered in the past by the men from Bristol who found Brasil".

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil_(mythical_island)

Impossible Black Tulip-World Map (1602)The map's cartographer, Matteo Ricci, gave a brief description of the discovery

of the Americas. "In olden days, nobody had ever known that there were such places as

North and South America or Magellanica (using a name that early mapmakers gave toAustralia and Antarctica), but a hundred years ago, Europeans came sailing in their ships

to parts of the sea coast, and so discovered them."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impossible_Black_Tulip_(map)

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil_(mythical_island)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil_(mythical_island)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impossible_Black_Tulip_(map)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil_(mythical_island)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impossible_Black_Tulip_(map)


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Kashgari Map (1072)Qarakhanid Uyghur scholar Mahmud al-Kashgari compiled a "Compendium

of the languages of the Turks" in the 11th century. The manuscript is illustrated with a"Turkocentric" world map, oriented with east (or rather, perhaps, the direction ofmidsummer sunrise) on top, centered on the ancient city of Balasagun in what is now

Kyrgyzstan, showing the Caspian Sea to the north, and Iraq, Azerbaijan, Yemen and

Egypt to the west, China and Japan to the east, Hindustan, Kashmir, Gog and Magog tothe south. Conventional symbols are used throughout- blue lines for rivers, red lines for

mountain ranges etc. The world is shown as encircled by the ocean. The map is now kept

at the Pera Museum in Istanbul.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps

Kunyu Wanguo Quantu Map (1602)Kny Wngu Qunt; literally "A Map of the Myriad Countries of the World";

Italian: Carta Geografica Completa di tutti i Regni del Mondo, "Complete Geographical

Map of all the Kingdoms of the World"), printed in China at the request of the Wanli

Emperor during 1602 by the Italian Catholic missionary Matteo Ricci and Chinesecollaborators, Mandarin Zhong Wentao and the technical translator, Li Zhizao, is

the earliest known Chinese world map with the style of European maps.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunyu_Wanguo_Quantu

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Map of the World by Pierre Desceliers 1550"Map of the World" oil on Canvas. Pierre Desceliers (1500-1558 A.D.) was a

French cartographer of the Renaissance and an eminent member of the Dieppe School ofCartography. He is considered the father of French hydrography.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Desceliers

Opicinus de Canistris World MapOpicinus de Canistris was an Italian priest, writer and artist. He was born on

December 24

th

, 1296 in Lomello (close to Pavia) and died in Avignon around 1353. Hiswork, which for many years remained undiscovered because most of it had been

produced whilst he was psychotic, was recently deciphered making him an important

figure in psychopathological art.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opicinus_de_Canistris

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Ortelius World Map (1570)The Theatrum Orbis Terrarum or "Theatre of the World" is considered to be the

first true modern atlas. Written by Abraham Ortelius and originally printed on May 20th,1570, in Antwerp, it consisted of a collection of uniform map sheets and sustaining text

bound to form a book for which copper printing plates were specifically engraved.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps#.22Theatrum_Orbis_Terrarum.22_by_Abraham_Ortelius_.281570.29

Phoenician World Map (350-320 B.C.)Working with computer-enhanced images of gold coins minted in the

Punic/Phoenician city in North Africa of Carthage between 350 and 320 BC,

McMenamin has interpreted a series of designs appearing on these coins, the meaning of

which has long puzzled scholars. McMenamin believes the designs represent a map of the

ancient world, including the area surrounding the Mediterranean Sea and the land mass

representing the Americas. If this is true, these coins not only represent the oldest mapsfound to date, but would also indicate that Carthaginian explorers had sailed to the New

World.

http://phoenicia.org/imgs/maps/pages/zcoinmapcombo.htm

http://www.british-israel.ca/Phoenician.htm

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Pietro Vesconte Map (1321)Italian geographerPietro Vesconte was a pioneer of the field of the portolan

chart. His nautical charts are among the earliest to map the Mediterraean and Black Searegions accurately. He also produced progressively more accurate depictions of the

coastlines of northern Europe. In his world map of 1321 he brought his experience as a

maker of portolans to bear; the map introduced a previously unheard of accuracy to themappa mundi genre.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps#.22Theatrum_Orbis_Terrarum.22_by_Abraham_Ortelius_.281570.29

Piri Reis Map (1513)The Piri Reis map is a pre-modern world map compiled in 1513 from military

intelligence by the Ottoman-Turkish admiral and cartographerPiri Reis. The half of

the map that survives shows the western coasts of Europe and North Africa and the coast

of Brazil with reasonable accuracy. Various Atlantic islands including the Azores andCanary Islands are depicted, as is the mythical island of Antillia and possibly Japan. The

historical importance of the map lies in its demonstration of the extent of exploration of

the New World by approximately 1510, perhaps before others. It used 10 Arabiansources, 4 Indian maps sourced from Portuguese and one map of Columbus.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piri_Reis_map

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Psalter Map (1260)Psalter world map is the name historiography gave to a medieval world map thathas been found in a psalter. This mappa mundi is now conserved at the British Library in

London. The small map (ca. 9,5 cm high) shows a lot of details. It has been writtenaround 1260; the author is unknown. According to historian Anna-Dorothee von den

Brincken it looks like a small version of the Ebstorf Map from Northern Germany. It is a

typical mappa mundi that does not only show the geographical and historical knowledgebut also puts it into the frame of salvation history. Jesus Christ appears in the East (i.e.

"above"), as the maps of Christian middle ages have East above, not North. With his right

hand he gives the blessing, in his left he holds a small globe with the T and O scheme.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psalter_world_map

Ptolemy Map (150)The Ptolemy world map is a map of the known world to Western society in the

2nd century AD. It was based on the description contained in Ptolemy's book

Geographia, written c. 150. Although authentic maps have never been found, the

Geographia contains thousands of references to various parts of the old world, with

coordinates for most, which allowed cartographers to reconstruct Ptolemy's world viewwhen the manuscript was re-discovered around 1300 AD.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy_map

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Rare The 17th Century Ricci Map (1602)The map, created in 1602 by Italian Jesuit missionary Matteo Ricci, was the

first in Chinese to show the Americas, and identifies Florida as 'the Land of Flowers'. The

12ft by 5ft document, printed on six rolls of rice paper, is on show at the Library ofCongress. The map includes drawings and annotations detailing different regions of the

world. Africa was noted to have the world's highest mountain and longest river, while a

brief description of North America describes 'humped oxen', wild horses and a regionnamed 'Ka-na-ta'. Several Central and South American places are also named, including

'Wa-ti-ma-la' (Guatemala), 'Yu-ho-t'ang' (Yucatan) and 'Chih-Li' (Chile).http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1242750/Pictured-The-rare-400-year-old-map-shows-China-centre-world.html

Reconstruction of Posidonius (1628)

Posidonius of Apameia (c. 135 BCE - 51 BCE), was a Greek stoic philosopherwho traveled throughout the Roman world and beyond and was a celebrated polymath

throughout the Greco-Roman world, like Aristotle and Eratosthenes. His work "about theocean and the adjacent areas", was an overall representation of geographical questions to

show how all the forces had an effect on each other and applied also to human life. He

measured the Earth's circumference by reference to the position of the star Canopus. His

measure of 240,000 stadia translates to 24,000 miles, close to the actual circumference of24,901 miles.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps#.22Theatrum_Orbis_Terrarum.22_by_Abraham_Ortelius_.281570.29

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http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1242750/Pictured-The-rare-400-year-old-map-shows-China-centre-world.htmlhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1242750/Pictured-The-rare-400-year-old-map-shows-China-centre-world.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps#.22Theatrum_Orbis_Terrarum.22_by_Abraham_Ortelius_.281570.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps#.22Theatrum_Orbis_Terrarum.22_by_Abraham_Ortelius_.281570.29http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1242750/Pictured-The-rare-400-year-old-map-shows-China-centre-world.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps#.22Theatrum_Orbis_Terrarum.22_by_Abraham_Ortelius_.281570.29


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Shambala

The Hollow Earth hypothesis proposes that the planet Earth is either wholly

hollow or otherwise contains a substantial interior space. The hypothesis has long been

contradicted by overwhelming observational evidence, as well as by the modernunderstanding of planet formation; the scientific community has dismissed the notion

since at least the late 18th century. The concept of a hollow Earth still recurs in folklore

and as the premise for subterranean fiction, a subgenre of adventure fiction. It is alsofeatured in some present-day scientific, pseudoscientific and conspiracy theories. In

ancient times, the idea of subterranean realms seemed arguable, and became intertwined

with the concept of "places" such as the Greek Hades, the Nordic svartalfheim, theChristian Hell, and the Jewish Sheol (with details describing inner Earth in Kabalistic

literature, such as the Zohar and Hesed L'Avraham).

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In 1818, John Cleves Symmes, Jr. suggested that the Earth consisted of a hollow

shell about 1300 km (800 miles) thick, with openings about 2300 km (1400 miles) across

at both poles with 4 inner shells each open at the poles. Symmes became the most famousof the early Hollow Earth proponents. The Nazi era Thule Society reported much about

Tibetan myths of openings into the Earth. There is even a theory that Hitler ordered a

research journey for such an opening in Antarctica, based on a speech of Admiral Dnitzin front of a German submarine in 1944, when he claimed "The German submarine fleet

is proud of having built an invisible fortification for the Fhrer, anywhere in the world."

During the Nuremberg Trials, Dnitz spoke of "an invisible fortification, in midst of theeternal ice." Other writers have proposed that "ascended masters" of esoteric wisdom

inhabit subterranean caverns or a hollow Earth. Antarctica, the North Pole, Tibet, Peru,

and Mount Shasta in California, USA, have all had their advocates as the locations of

entrances to a subterranean realm referred to as Agartha, with some even advancing thehypothesis that UFOs have their homeland in these places.

Rear Admiral Richard Evelyn Byrd, Jr., USN (October 25, 1888 March 11,

1957) was a naval officer who specialized in feats of exploration. He was a pioneering

American aviator, polar explorer, and organizer of polar logistics. On May 9, 1926, Byrdand pilot Floyd Bennett attempted a flight over the North Pole in a Fokker F-VII Tri-

motor called the Josephine Ford. This flight went from Spitsbergen (Svalbard) and backto its take-off airfield. Byrd claimed to have reached the Pole. This trip earned Byrd

widespread acclaim, including being received the Medal of Honor and enabled him to

secure funding for subsequent attempts to fly over the South Pole.

Admiral Richard E. Byrd's Diary (Feb. Mar. 1947)

The exploration flight over the North Pole

(The Inner Earth My Secret Diary)

I must write this diary in secrecy and obscurity. It con cerns my Arctic flight of

the nineteenth day of February in the year of Nineteen and Forty Seven.There comes a time when the rationality of men must fade into insignificance and

one must accept the inevitability of the Truth! I am not at liberty to disclose the following

documentation at this writing ...perhaps it shall never see the light of public scrutiny, butI must do my duty and record here for all to read one day. In a world of greed and

exploitation of certain of mankind I can no longer suppress that which is truth.

In Tibetan Buddhist tradition, Shambhala is a mythical kingdom hidden

somewhere in Inner Asia. It is mentioned in various ancient texts, including theKalachakra Tantra and the ancient texts of the Zhang Zhung culture which predated

Tibetan Buddhism in western Tibet. The Bn scriptures speak of a closely related land

called Olmolungring. Whatever its historical basis, Shambhala gradually came to be seenas a Buddhist Pure Land, a fabulous kingdom whose reality is visionary or spiritual as

much as physical or geographic. It was in this form that the Shambhala myth reached the

West, where it influenced non-Buddhist as well as Buddhist spiritual seekers and, tosome extent, popular culture in general.

http://www.ourhollowearth.com/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollow_Earth

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Evelyn_Byrd

http://www.v-j-enterprises.com/byrdiar.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shambhala

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Sumerian Star Chart (700 B.C.)The tablet, found by Henry Layard in the remains of the library in the royalplace at Nineveh in the mid-19th century, is thought to be a 700 B.C. copy of notes made

by a Sumerian astronomer watching the night sky. Using computers to recreate the nightsky thousands of years ago, scientists have pinpointed his sighting to shortly before dawn

on June 29 in the year 3123 B.C.

Zecharia Sitchin (January 11, 1920 October 9, 2010) was an Azeri-bornAmerican author of books promoting an explanation for human origins involving ancient

astronauts. Sitchin attributes the creation of the ancient Sumerian culture to the

Anunnaki, which he states was a race of extra-terrestrials from a planet beyond Neptunecalled Nibiru. He believed this hypothetical planet of Nibiru to be in an elongated,

elliptical orbit in the Earth's own Solar System, asserting that Sumerian mythologyreflects this view. Drawing attention to an ancient Sumerian tablet depicting the

Anunnaki's space route, Zecharia's new presentation is appropriately titled "Signs of theReturn."

http://www.enkispeaks.com/Essays/1CelestialBattleNibiru&Tiamat_2.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zecharia_Sitchin

http://www.sitchin.com/

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Tabula Rogeriana Map (1154)The Nuzhat al-mushtaq fi'khtiraq al-afaq lit. "the book of pleasant journeys into

faraway lands", most often known simply as the Tabula Rogeriana (lit. "The Book of

Roger" in Latin), is a description of the world and world map created by the Arabgeographer, Muhammad al-Idrisi, in 1154. Al-Idrisi worked on the commentaries and

illustrations of the map for fifteen years at the court of the Norman King Roger II ofSicily, who commissioned the work around 1138. The book, written in Arabic, is divided

into seven climate zones (in keeping with the established Ptolemaic system), each of

which is sub-divided into ten sections, and contains maps showing the Eurasian continentin its entirety, but only the northern part of the African continent. The map is oriented

with the North at the bottom. It remained the most accurate world map for the next three

centuries.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabula_Rogeriana

The Money Pit - Oak Island

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Oak Island is a 140-acre (57 ha) island in Lunenburg County on the south shore of

Nova Scotia, Canada. The tree-covered island is one of about 360 small islands in

Mahone Bay and rises to a maximum of 35 feet (11 m) above sea level. Oak Island is

noted as the location of the so-called Money Pit, a site of numerous excavations torecover treasure believed by many to be buried there. The island is privately owned, and

advance permission is required for any visitation. Several documented treasure recoveryattempts have found layers of apparently man-made artifacts as deep as 31 meters, but

ended in collapsed excavations and flooding. Critics argue that there is no treasure and

that the pit is a natural phenomenon, likely a sinkhole. Excavations have revealed

evidence of man made architectural structures.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oak_Island

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The oldest surviving Chinese world map, Da Ming Hun Yi Tu (1389)The Great Ming Amalgamated Map or Da Ming Hun Yi Tu is a world map

created in China. It was painted in color on stiff silk and 386 x 456cm in size. The

original text was written in Classical Chinese, but Manchu labels were later

superimposed on them. It is one of the oldest surviving world maps from East Asia

although the exact date of creation remains unknown. It depicts the general form of theOld World, placing China in the center and stretching northward to Mongolia, southward

to Java, eastward to central Japan, and westward to Africa and Europe.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da_Ming_Hun_Yi_Tu

Vinland MapThe Vinland map is claimed to be a 15th century mappa mundi with unique

information about Norse exploration of America. It is very well known because of the

publicity campaign which accompanied its revelation to the public as a "genuine" pre-

Columbian map in 1965. In addition to showing Africa, Asia and Europe, the map depicts

a landmass south-west of Greenland in the Atlantic labeled as Vinland; the map describes

this region as having been visited by Europeans in the 11th century. Although it waspresented to the world in 1965 with an accompanying scholarly book written by British

Museum and Yale University librarians, historians of geography and medieval documentspecialists began to suspect that it might be a fake as soon as photographs of it became

available, and chemical analyses have identified one of the major ink ingredients as a

20th century artificial pigment. However, individual pieces of evidence continue to bechallenged, most recently at a 2009 conference.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinland_Map

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da_Ming_Hun_Yi_Tuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da_Ming_Hun_Yi_Tuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinland_Maphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da_Ming_Hun_Yi_Tuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinland_Map


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Waldseemller Map (1507)The Waldseemller map, Universalis Cosmographia, is a printed wall map of the

world by German cartographer Martin Waldseemller, originally published in April

1507. It is known as the first map to use the name "America". The map is drafted on amodification of Ptolemy's second projection, expanded to accommodate the Americas

and the high latitudes. A single copy of the map survives, presently housed at the Library

of Congress in Washington, D.C. Waldseemller also created globe gores, printed mapsdesigned to be cut out and pasted onto spheres to form globes of the Earth.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldseem%C3%BCller_map

Wanguo Quantu *Jesuit (1620)The Wanguo Quantu map was developed in the 1620s by the Jesuit Giulio Aleni

following the earlier work of Matteo Ricci, who was the first Jesuit to speak Chinese and

to publish maps of the world in China from 1574 to 1603. Aleni modified Ricci's maps by

responding to Chinese demands to have the Chinese Empire located at the center of theworld map, resulting in the Sino-centric configuration of the Wanguo Quantu.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wanguo_Quantu

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldseem%C3%BCller_maphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldseem%C3%BCller_maphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wanguo_Quantuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldseem%C3%BCller_maphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wanguo_Quantu


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Atlantis

Atlantis is a legendary island first mentioned in Plato's dialogues Timaeus andCritias. In Plato's account, Atlantis was a naval power lying "in front of the Pillars of

Hercules" that conquered many parts of Western Europe and Africa 9,000 years before

the time of Solon, or approximately 9600 BC. After a failed attempt to invade Athens,

Atlantis sank into the ocean "in a single day and night of misfortune".Plato's dialogues Timaeus and Critias, written in 360 BC, contain the earliest

references to Atlantis. For unknown reasons, Plato never completed Critias. Plato

introduced Atlantis in Timaeus:For it is related in our records how once upon a time your State stayed the course

of a mighty host, which, starting from a distant point in the Atlantic ocean, was insolently

advancing to attack the whole of Europe, and Asia to boot. For the ocean there was at that

time navigable; for in front of the mouth which you Greeks call, as you say, 'the pillars ofHeracles,' there lay an island which was larger than Libya and Asia together; and it was

possible for the travelers of that time to cross from it to the other islands, and from theislands to the whole of the continent over against them which encompasses that veritable

ocean. For all that we have here, lying within the mouth of which we speak, is evidently a

haven having a narrow entrance; but that yonder is a real ocean, and the land surrounding

it may most rightly be called, in the fullest and truest sense, a continent. Now in thisisland of Atlantis there existed a confederation of kings, of great and marvelous power,

which held sway over all the island, and over many other islands also and parts of the

continent.There have been dozens of locations proposed for Atlantis, to the point where the

name has become a generic concept, divorced from the specifics of Plato's account. Thisis reflected in the fact that many proposed sites are not within the Atlantic at all. Fewtoday are scholarly or archaeological hypotheses, while others have been made by

psychic or other pseudoscientific means. Many of the proposed sites share some of the

characteristics of the Atlantis story (water, catastrophic end, relevant time period), but

none has been demonstrated to be a true historical Atlantis.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantis

31o 2413.09N 24 o 2535.95W

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The 10 Regional-States of AmericaFEMAs mission is to support our citizens and first responders to ensure that as a nation

we work together to build, sustain, and improve our capability to prepare for, protectagainst, respond to, recover from, and mitigate all hazards.

http://www.fema.gov/about/contact/regions.shtm

Marijuana Friendly States in America and Their Laws (2011)This map summarizes state marijuana laws*. Marijuana laws and penalties

change rapidly and are enforced and interpreted differently even in the same legaljurisdiction. Please consult a criminal defense lawyer if you have been busted or if you

want to know how a particular conduct might be punished. *Per. 2011http://norml.org/index.cfm?Group_ID=4516

http://norml.org/index.cfm?Group_ID=3391#top

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maps of the world

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