marc kuchner princeton university ground-based exoplanet searches radial velocity astrometry

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Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry Transits Lensing Pulsation Timing Disks Direct Detection

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Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry Transits Lensing Pulsation Timing Disks Direct Detection. Timing: Pulsars + White Dwarfs.  t =  z / c. Time Stamp on Each Pulse gives you More Information than Doppler Shift. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Marc KuchnerPrinceton University

Ground-Based Exoplanet SearchesRadial VelocityAstrometryTransits LensingPulsation TimingDisksDirect Detection

Page 2: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Timing:

Pulsars + White Dwarfs

t = z / c

Time Stamp on Each Pulse gives youMore Information than Doppler Shift

Page 3: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Pulsar planet interactions4.3, 3.9 M

Konacki & Wolszczan 2003

Mukadam et al. 2003

Page 4: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Einstein Ring

background star

Paczynski 1996

Microlensing Mao & Paczynski 1991

Page 5: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Probing Lensing Anomalies NETwork (PLANET)

V

days

Page 6: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

caustic Planet near RE aroundlensing star.

Lensing Stars/yr

OGLE-III: 500 MOA: 60

Page 7: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

43 events from PLANET. Gaudi et al. 2003

Projected Separationunits of RE

mostly M starshalfway to galacticcenter RE~ 2.5 AU

If 3/4 of lenses hadplanets above thisline, they wouldhave been detected.

1/4

3/4

Page 8: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Direct Detection: Optical

Boo: A < 0.39 at i = 36R=1.2 RJ

(Leigh et al. 2003)

And: similar (Cameron et al. 2002)

star

star + planet

Page 9: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Direct Detection:Nulling (Mid+Near IR)

Page 10: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry
Page 11: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry
Page 12: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Achromatic Nuller

Conventional Beam Combiner

moreplanet photons, fewerstar photons

Page 13: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Keck Interferometer

Page 14: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry
Page 15: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Inside Quadratic Null:

star and planet are spectrallydegenerate ()

planet and flux are degenerate

Page 16: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

VLTI:

Ground-based European Nulling Interferometer Experiment (GENIE)

MIDI first fringes

Page 17: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Direct Detection:Differential Phase(near IR)

Page 18: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

center of lightBurrows 2000

Page 19: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

2 m

5 m

Serabyn 2002

Page 20: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry
Page 21: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Large Binocular Telescope (LBT)

Page 22: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Antarctica:

Cold, Dry, and No High-AltitudeTurbulence

Nulling, AO, Differential Phase,Astrometry

Antarctic Planet Interferometer (API)

Page 23: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Astrometry

perturbationmagnified 30x !!

15 MJ

e=0.2 a=0.6 AUd=50 pc =50 mas/yrPerryman 2000

Stellar Planet Survey(STEPS)30 M stars

Astrometric Search for Planets Encircling Nearby Stars (ASPENS)100 stars

2 mas: 10 MJ in 4 years1 MJ in 15 years

Page 24: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Direct Detection:Near Infrared

Page 25: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Simulated 15 minute H-band image

5 MJ planet/solar-type star

4096 actuators

Extreme Adaptive OpticsPlanet Imager (XAOPI)Bruce Macintosh, JamesGraham et al.

1.6 arcseconds

Page 26: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Kuchner &Traub 2002

Page 27: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry
Page 28: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

DirectDetection:

Radiocyclotron maser

[Kraus, RadioAstronomy, 1966]

Page 29: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Radio Bode's Law

HotJupiters ?

••

Zarka et al. 2001

Page 30: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Farrell, Desch & Zarka 1999

VLAGreen Bank TelescopeNancay Decametric ArrayArecibo

LOFAR : Farrell et al. 2003

Page 31: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

ALMAHot YoungJupiter at 160 pc~10 mJy at 850 m

Page 32: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Disks

Page 33: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Eridani 15, 20 and 40 m

Moran, Kuchner & Holman 2003

Page 34: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

Timing

Direct InfraredAstrometry and Lensing

Radial Velocity and Transits

Page 35: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry

log “Q”:

0

-2

Transits-4

-6

- Radial Velocity, Astrometry & Microlensing

Nulling Coronagraphy

spectral signal from hot Jupiterresidual stellar signal

Differential Phase

Doppler Tomography

Page 36: Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry