maria hamdouchi & de’ahna johnson. as middle eastern and northern african countries...
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Maria Hamdouchi & De’Ahna Johnson
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As Middle Eastern and Northern African As Middle Eastern and Northern African countries experienced the Arab Spring, how did countries experienced the Arab Spring, how did
the United States and its respective stakes in the United States and its respective stakes in the region affect their outcomes? the region affect their outcomes?
Research Question
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• The Modern Middle East
• Regime Change Revolution War
• We Are GLOBAL
• Interdependent Economies
• Speculation and Protection
• Arab Spring 101
The Middle East Since 1970
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• Some Scholars would Argue…• Economic Stability, Corruption, Will of the People
• Among other factors
• The Argument
• Countries with Stakes
• What was the main factor that influenced the outcomes of the Arab Spring?
The Debate
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Because of its stakes in the Middle East and North Africa, the United States influenced the
outcomes of certain Arab Springs, favoring the successes of certain countries and the
preservation of the status quo in others.
Hypothesis
Western Interests for Non Oil Countries
Influence on Arab Spring
Outcome Influence on Arab Spring
Outcome
Western Interests for Oil Countries
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Arab Spring Success Arab Spring Failure
Oil Countries Quadrant 1Libya
Quadrant 2Bahrain, Saudi
Arabia
Non-Oil Countries Quadrant 3Egypt, Tunisia,
Yemen
Quadrant 4Jordan, Morocco,
Syria
Selection Problems
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Arab Countries and Arab Spring Outcome
Country Arab Spring Success
Algeria 0 0
Bahrain* 1 0
Egypt 1 1
Iraq 0 0
Jordan 1 0
Kuwait* 0 0
Lebanon 0 0
Libya 1 1
Morocco 1 0
Oman* 0 0
Qatar* 0 0
Saudi Arabia* 1 0
Syria 1 0
Tunisia 1 1
United Arab Emirates* 0 0
Yemen 1 1
*Denotes GCC Member
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• Presence of U.S. naval Base
• Bahrain’s GCC Status
• Why did we choose these countries?• Clearly illustrates the relationship between western interests and
arab spring outcomes.
Selection Case Studies
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Egypt
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Syria
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Libya
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Bahrain
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Trade as a Percentage of GDP
Per Capita GDP
Energy Production
Net Oil Trade with the United States
Methodology
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Western InfluenceEconomic Development
Arab Spring
We expect to find a positive correlationGrowth vs. Western Influence
Military Intervention
Outcome of Arab Spring Relational Western Interests
Take-Away Points