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MARINE AQUAPONICS: A SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY MEETS
MUCH SUSTAINABLE DIETS
Dott.ssaNozzi Valentina
Tutor: Prof..ssa Oliana CarnevaliCo-Tutor:Dott. Davide Di CrescenzoProf. Juan Asturiano
Sustainability Of Fish Diet
AQUACULTURE IMPACTS
Coast Exploitation
Pollution
Water Consumption
(FISH MEAL PROBLEM)
AIM
Mitigate the negative effects of fish farming, promoting the integration of best available practices in marine aquaculture.
HOW?
2-Alternative diet
1-New technologies
1 - NEW TECHNOLOGIES
AQUAPONICS
Plant Grow Bed Fish Tank
Pump
MARINE AQUAPONIC:
Experimental Models
Plant:Salsola soda
1 - NEW TECHNOLOGIES
Fish: Dicentrarchus labrax(European sea bass)
Plant Grow beds(2m2 each)
Fish tanks(500 Leach)
1 - NEW TECHNOLOGIES
Water recircle: 15’/h
Salinity = 20‰
O2= 80%
T= 25°C
1 - NEW TECHNOLOGIES
EXPANDED CLAY
NH3 NO3
Salsola soda
1 - NEW TECHNOLOGIES
Plants growth
No mortality
ph costant
Nitrite and nitrate didn’t get over threshold value
1 - NEW TECHNOLOGIES
2-ALTERNATIVE FISH DIET
-Fish meal-Wheat-Soybean
-Fish meal-Wheat-Pea-mix of vegetable oils (palm: rapeseed: olive= 1:1:2)-aminoacids source (methionine and aminoacids mix
COMMERCIAL DIET (CONTROL) VEGETABLE RICH DIET (TREATED)
MATERIALS AND METHODS25 25
-Initial Body Weight: 13,1 ± 0,5g
-Feed one time per day for 30 days
-Food despensed: 3% bw
-Anesthetic: MS222 (Sigma Aldrich)
2 – ALTERNATIVE FISH DIET
Bra
in
Liv
er
Int
esti
ne
Sto
mac
h
Spl
een
Gal
lbla
dder
Mus
cle
2 – ALTERNATIVE FISH DIET
MOLECULAR ANALYSIS
- Body Weight
- Liver (Hepatosomatic Index)
- Specific Growth Rate (SGR)
- Food Conversion Rate (FCR)
MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS
-Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGFI)
-Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGFII)
-Neuropeptide Y (NPY)
REFERENCE GENE: Β ACT
MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS RESULTS
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20Body weight
Bw (g
)
*
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
Hepatosomatic Index
HSI
(%)
2 – ALTERNATIVE FISH DIET
COMMERCIAL DIET
VEGETABLE RICH DIET
SGR (%) 0,86 1,13
FCR (%) 1,58 1,39
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35IGF I
Rela
tive
IGF
I abu
ndan
ce (a
.u.) *
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35 IGF II
Rela
tive
IGF
II ab
unda
nce
(a.u
.)
2 – ALTERNATIVE FISH DIET
MOLECULAR ANALYSIS RESULTS
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35NPY
Rela
tive
NPY
abu
ndan
ce (a
.u.)
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
This study allowed the optimization and realization of a marine aquaponic systems. Marine aquaponics system is a good
technology used to rear fishes in presence of halophytes plants able to maintain the quality of water
Vegetable reach diet, formulated using plants as protein source with optimal balance of aminoacids and lipids, increases growth
performance in Dicentrarchus labrax juveniles
Marine aquaponics plus vegetable reach diets are a good team: they reduce aquaculture impact and face with a big challenge (fish meal).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
Fishes feed with vegetable diet showed a higher gene expression of IGF1 and a higher expression of NPY that
codifies for an orexigenic factor involved in the increased appetite control
Hepatosomatic index did not point out differences between groups
Morphometric analysis showed higher body weight in fish feed with vegetable rich diet
-An immersed growth bed dedicated to algae rearing
-Expression of additional genes involved in appetite, immune system and in stress response will be analyze to elucidate the incidence of aquaponic system and vegetable rich diet on marine fish welfare.
-New diet with alternative protein source and new specific diet micronutrient rich to aquaponics systems will be test
-Analysis on plants will also conduct
FUTURE STUDIES