marine invertebrates (part 2)
DESCRIPTION
Marine Invertebrates (Part 2). Molluscs. Phylum Mollusca Numerous, diverse (200,000 species) Soft body covered by mantle (secretes calcium carbonate shell) Muscular foot – locomotion Some have radula – scraping teeth. http://www.pirx.com/gallery/albums/mollusks/radula.jpg. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Marine Invertebrates(Part 2)
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Molluscs Phylum Mollusca Numerous, diverse (200,000 species) Soft body covered by mantle (secretes calcium carbonate shell) Muscular foot – locomotion Some have radula – scraping teeth
http://www.jaxshells.org/rad2.jpghttp://www.pirx.com/gallery/albums/mollusks/radula.jpg
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Molluscs
Classes: Bivalvia (clams, mussels, oysters) Gastropoda (snails, slugs, pteropods) Cephalopoda (octopi, squid, cuttlefish) Polyplacophora (chitons) Scaphopoda (tusk shells)
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Bivalves
http://www.manandmollusc.net/lesson_plan_anatomy_files/bivalve_anatomy_lab.htmlhttp://www.nationalpark-hamburgisches-wattenmeer.de/1ueber/images/galerie/1-5-3Mya%20arenaria%20-%20Sandklaffmuschel-4x6-300dpi.jpg
Anatomy
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Bivalves
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Fine_sea_silk_threads.JPG/800px-Fine_sea_silk_threads.JPG
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Mytilus_with_byssus.jpg/400px-Mytilus_with_byssus.jpg
Byssal threads
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Long Island Bivalves
Stony Brook Univ.-Flax Pond Digital Library
Ribbed mussel (Geukensia demissa)
Oyster (Crassostrea virginica)
Razor clam (Ensis directus)Blue mussel (Mytilus edulis)
http://www.sportesport.it/images/Biology/Shells/Bivalvia/Mytilidae/mytilusEdulis.jpg
Hard shell clam / Quahog (Mercenaria mercenaria)
Soft shell clam(Mya arenaria)
http://media-2.web.britannica.com//eb-media/63/12863-004-C2459C57.jpg
Bay scallop(Argopecten
irradians)
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Bivalves
http://www.lisrc.uconn.edu/lis_uwtour/images/Grass/LIS_0301.jpg
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Gastropods
http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/hughes2001/acct/bmounmanivong/T629043A.gif
Anatomy
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Long Island Gastropods
http://www.georgetown.edu/faculty/szep/Littorina
Periwinkle (Littorina littorea)
Mud snail (Ilyanassa obsoleta)Slipper shell (Crepidula fornicata)
http://academics.smcvt.edu/dfacey/AquaticBiology/Coastal%20Images/Slipper%20Limpet.jpg
http://www.duke.edu/~jspippen/mollusca/knobbedwhelkeggs081106-2063obxz.jpg
http://www.geo.hunter.cuny.edu/bight/images/aknobbed.jpg
Knobbed whelk (Busycon carica)
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Long Island Gastropods
http://static.flickr.com/55/143533735_7c7364be45.jpg?v=0
Northern moon snail (Lunatia heros)
Atlantic oyster drill (Urosalpinx cinerea)
http://www.jaxshells.org/509j.jpg http://img263.imageshack.us/img263/6879/drillholexi4.jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_LzKM5z0wSb4/Rv9qstHEkNI/AAAAAAAAAbg/vVpitbx7suI/s400/IMG_1837.JPG
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Gastropods
http://eebweb.arizona.edu/collections/Fishes/Invertebrate%20Slide%20Photos/Invertebrate%20Photos/Abalone%201.jpg
http://chemistry.csudh.edu/faculty/jim/cozaugo4-600/flamingo.jpg
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Gastropods – Nudibranchs, Pteropods
NOAA
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Gastropods and Bivalves
http://people.bu.edu/veliger/http://oceanlink.island.net/abaloneproject/growthanddevelopment/growth%20and%20development.htm
http://score.dnr.sc.gov/ktmlpro10/images/uploads/oysterlifecycle.jpg?0.40941442132799155
Larval developmen
t
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Cephalopods
http://www.narimadiving.com/LargeAssets/ReefInfoLargeAssets/Cuttlefish.jpg
NOAA
Octopus, squid, cuttlefish, nautilus
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Cephalopods
http://cas.bellarmine.edu/tietjen/images/Image32.gif
Anatomyhttp://scienceblogs.com/deepseanews/beak1.jpg
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Cephalopods
Body evolved for active predation Use funnel for jet propulsion
http://www.squidblog.net/uploads/squid_jet_diagram.gifhttp://www.mbari.org/news/homepage/2004/loligo_close_350.jpg
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Cephalopods
Complex nervous system: Eyes Chromatophores
http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2164/2063362784_62cb783803.jpg?v=1196017772
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Cephalopods
http://www.mbl.edu/inside/what/news/features/feature_cuttlefish.html
Cuttlefish camouflage Sees contrast (dark/light), but not colors Patterns controlled by chromatophore cells
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Cephalopods
Reproduction – Internal fertilization Yolk-filled eggs, no larval stage
http://www.mbari.org/news/homepage/2006/brooding-squid2-350.jpg
http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/05/sci_nat_enl_1134642780/img/1.jpg
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Marine mammals & squid:
http://www.wanghome.net/Pictures/2004/040603_New_York_City/15_museum_of_natural_history_squid_sperm_whale_1024.JPG
http://squid.us/wp-content/uploads/archie.jpg
Cephalopods
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Live giant and colossal squid:
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/12/images/061222-giant-squid.jpg
Cephalopods
http://www.fish.govt.nz/NR/rdonlyres/836B96BF-12FE-417D-AB49-4B46B2DB8729/0/ColossalSquid.jpghttp://tepapa.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/arm-006.jpg
http://museumvictoria.com.au/treasures/Images/resources/mn013596_lg.jpg
Giant (up to 13m/43 ft)
Colossal (up to 14m/46 ft)→
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Other deep water:
Cephalopods
http://www.mbari.org/data/info/grimpo.jpghttp://www.darkroastedblend.com/2009/02/awesome-octopi-cephalopods-from-outer.html
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Other unusual:
Cephalopods
http://www.darkroastedblend.com/2009/02/awesome-octopi-cephalopods-from-outer.html
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Chitons, Scaphopods
http://clade.acnatsci.org/mussel/graphics/about/scaphopod.jpg
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Arthropods
Phylum Arthropoda Numerous, diverse (1 million+ species) Mostly insects (land, freshwater) In oceans – mostly crustaceans
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Arthropods
Segmented body Jointed apendages Hard external skeleton (chitin) Must molt skeleton to grow Gills, most marine have blood with hemocyanin (blue)
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Arthropods
Subphylum Crustacea Copepods, amphipods, isopods Ostracods, barnacles Krill, shrimp, lobsters, crabs
Subphylum Chelicerata Horseshoe crabs, spiders
Subphylum Uniramia Insects, Centipedes
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Crustaceans
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Small Crustaceans - Copepods
http://www.whoi.edu/cms/images/oceanus/2006/7/8_27627.jpg
http://www.hudsonregional.org/mosquito/images/copepod.jpg
http://forum.mikroscopia.com/uploads/post-3-1158151927.jpg
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Small Crustaceans - Amphipods
http://www.oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/gallery/livingocean/livingocean.html http://www.newsday.com/media/photo/2004-01/11151650.jpg
http://nathistoc.bio.uci.edu/crustacea/Amphipoda/AAA013a.jpghttp://www.beachwatchers.wsu.edu/ezidweb/animals/images/traskorchestia2jh.jpg
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Small Crustaceans – Ostracods, Isopods
http://www.oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/gallery/livingocean/livingocean.html
http://nathistoc.bio.uci.edu/crustacea/Ostracoda/DSCF0052b.jpg http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/img/environment/bigisopod.jpg
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Small Crustaceans - Krill
http://images.aad.gov.au/img.py/174a.jpg?width=640&height=480
http://www.mar-eco.no/learning-zone/__data/page/93/Krill3.jpg http://jonbowermaster.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/kaikoura-krill-520783-sw.jpg
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Crustaceans – Barnacles
http://www.mbari.org/expeditions/EasterMicroplate/images/Barnacles_640.jpg
http://nathistoc.bio.uci.edu/crustacea/Cirripedia/DSC_0761b.jpg
http://nathistoc.bio.uci.edu/crustacea/Cirripedia/DSCF0015a.jpg
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Decapods – Shrimp
http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/sertc/gallery.htmhttp://www.ucs.louisiana.edu/~rtb6933/shrimp/rima_con.JPG
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Decapods – Lobsters
http://www.vifishandwildlife.com/Education/FactSheet/Images/Lobster.jpg http://marlin.bio.umass.edu/biology/kunkel/fish/albatross-iv/al0203/P0005812a.JPG
http://www.teridanielsbooks.com/States/Hawaii/Hawaii,%20underwater,%20coral,%20reef,%20slipper,%20lobster,.jpg
Northern lobster (Homarus americanus)
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Decapods – Lobsters
Newsday 08/08/10
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Decapods – Crabs
http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/sertc/gallery.htm
http://www.ceh.ac.uk/sections/ed/images/Giantspidercrab.jpg
http://www.californiabiota.com/cabiota/pacific_mole_crab.htm
Blue crab (Callinectes sapidus)Mole crab (Emerita talpoida)
Fiddler crab (Uca sp.)
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Other Crustaceans
http://www.wfu.edu/biology/faculty/brownera/artemia.jpg
Brine shrimp Artemia(“sea monkeys”)
Mantis shrimp(Stomatopod)
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/arthropoda/crustacea/malacostraca/eumalacostraca/royslist/images/g_falcatus4.jpg
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http://www.divephotoguide.com/img/user_galleries/orig/2999_1222523836.jpg
http://www.dfw.state.or.us/mrp/shellfish/commercial/largeimages/dungeness-with-eggs_ODFW.jpg
Crustaceans
Egg brooding
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Crustaceans Most benthic adults have planktonic larvae
http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/sertc/gallery.htm http://www.science-in-salamanca.tas.csiro.au/themes/larval/phyllosoma-early.htm
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Chelicerates
Horseshoe crab(Limulus polyphemus)
http://www.jaxshells.org/1124rra.htm
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Chelicerates
http://www-tc.pbs.org/wnet/wp-content/blogs.dir/3/files/2008/06/590_crash_blood.jpg
Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) Compound causes blood to clot when exposed to bacterial endotoxins Used to test that drugs and surgical devices are free of contamination Quart of blue blood worth $15,000, multimillion $$ industry
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Chelicerates
Sea spiders(Pycnogonids)
http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/sertc/gallery.htm http://www.seaslugforum.net/images/030248a.jpghttp://www.earthlife.net/chelicerata/images/others/pantopoda.jpg